THE CORRELATION OF AGE FACTOR, ADMINISTRATION, AND METFORMIN DOSE

AGAINST RISK OF SIDE EFFECT ON TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

MAGDARITA RIWU, ANAS SUBARNAS, KERI LESTARI

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA, KUPANG, INDONESIA
FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS PADJAJARAN, SUMEDANG, INDONESIA

ABSTRACT
Metformin is an antidiabetic oral medecine commonly recommended as fist line treatment on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin
can caused drug related problems (DRPs) such as gastrointestinal disorder, e.g. diarrhea, nausea, and flatulance. The study
aimed to analize correlation profiles on age, administration, and metformin dosage factors against risk of
gastrointestinaldisorders among newly diagnosed diabetic outpatient of National health Insurance in RSAU Dr. M. Salamun
Bandung. This study was an analytic observasional study with a cross sectional method. The study was carried out in the internal
medicine outpatients clonic and data were extracted from patients medecine records from April to June 2104. Metformin-treated
patients were interviewedusing a form check. The number of patients were 65 with the median rate was 48 years old. Side effect
reported were flatulance (58.46%) and nausea (41.54%). Administration and metformin dosage factors were correlated to the
risk of side effects such as nausea and flatulance on type 2 diabetes mellitus (p<0.05), while age was not correlated (p>0.05). The
administration of metformin is recommended after meals and with a lower initial dose titrated slowly to reduce and avoid the side
effects of nausea and flatulance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Research Question The Result of Study

What is the correlation of age, how to take, and metformin
doses for the risk of gastrointestinal disorders in patients 1. Distribution of Number of Research Subjects by Age
newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at RSAU Dr.
Age Range Percentage
M. Salamun Bandung? (year)
Total
(%)
30-39
2 3,08
40-50
63 96,92
Concept Framework Jumlah
65 100,00

Type 2 Diabetics

2. Distribution of Research Subjects based on How to Take Medicine

Investigation of Medical Record Taking of Doses Metformin (mg) Total Percentage

+ Medicine 1x500 2x500 3x500 (%)
Method
Patient Interview
Post 0 32 15 47 72,31
Coenam
Ante 3 15 0 18 27,69
Inclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria: Coenam
Total 3 47 15 65 100,00
1. Patients newly 1. Type 2 diabetics with
diagnosed with type 2 accompanying diseases
such as dysentery, gastritis,
diabetes aged ≥ 30 and cholera whose
3. Distribution of Research Subjects Based on Drug Doses of Metformin
years and ≤ 50 years. symptoms are the same as
2. Newly diagnosed metformin side effects. Percentage
Doses Total of Sufferer
type 2 diabetes 2. Drug combination (%)
patients from March (antibiotics, anticancer,
non-steroidal anti- 1x500mg 3 4,61
to June 2014. 2x500mg 47 72,31
3. Obtain ant diabetic inflammatory) which has
the same side effects. 3x500mg 15 23,08
treatment for Jumlah 65 100,00
metformin.
metformin.
4. Complete medical
=
record document Drop out (stop from research,
(≥6.5% HbA1c change address, or pass away)
= or
GDP ≥126 mg /dL 4. Distribution of Research Subjects Based on Complaints of Drug Side
Effects

Percentage
Complaint Total of Sufferer
(%)
Research subject Flatulance
n=65 38 58,46
Nausea
27 41,54
Jumlah
65 100,00

Conclusion
The age factor does not correlate with the risk of side effects,
namely in the form of nausea and flatulence in patients who
have diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and obtained a
metformin regimen. However, this risk correlates with the
factors used and the dosage used.