CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background

Boots is footwear covering the ankle up to the feet, to the bottom of the foot.

The function of the boots themselves used for day-to-day usage, safety gear, formal or

informal activities, drive, to the usage in field and specific surface. In General, the

main material in this boots made from leather, suede, and nubuck are inherently more

porous fabric of other meetings. The impact of this nature is walk becomes moist

more quickly because of the lack of air circulation inside the boots. The use of a

breathable material can be made one of the solutions in the matter of air circulation on

the boots.

Breathable material sense is the ability of a fabric to allow air to pass through,

which have pores of porous material more leather, suede and nubuck. The nature of

this material is breathable knit fabric that is more open than usual which makes the

impression of a more breathable, heavy fabric that is lighter than other types, dry wet

type faster, and reduce the risk of odor arising from the excess moisture.

The number of types of breathable materials in the market becoming attraction

producers boots in combining this additional material with material from the boots.

The importance of finding a match between the 2 material above so that get the most

out of the merger of songket making boots based breathable material.

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 1.2. Formulation Of The Problem

1. What is the definition of a breathable material?

2. How is the construction of breathable materials are there?

3. How does a comparison of each of the breathable material?

4. How does breathable material in reducing moisture?

5. What are the things that should be noticed in the selection of material with breathable

material boots?

1.3. Research Objectives

1. To be able to define the notions of breathable material.

2. To be able to know the level and characteristics of a breathable material.

3. To be able to make comparisons in the selection of breathable material.

4. To be able to know the mechanism of breathable material.

5. To be the proper result of a merger between the two.

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 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1. The Definition Of A Breathable Material

Breathable literally can be translated as being able to breathe, as the ability in

terms of fabrics in releasing water vapor (vapor) which are trapped in the space

between the skin with micro-pore through the material, calculated in units of g/m2/24

h. In this case, if the written material can be interpreted as 10,000 can release 10,000

grams of water vapor per m2 of material within 24 hours.

There are several types of breathable materials including waterproof

breathable, waterproof non breathable and durable water repellent. Essentially

waterproof material is a material resistant to water and air, while the water repellent is

a material that has a surface that can withstand water, but the air still might be able to

penetrate (Poespo, 2005:48). To get the water repellent material usually use

substances that can resist the water like night emulsion, soap metal, and surface active

substances that coat the woof alone but not covering yarn fibers so that the air can still

Pierce.

Figure 2. 1. breathable material

Source : http://www.sierratradingpost.com/

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 From the image above to see that fabric made from waterproof breathable

upholstery has 3 name:

 Lining (the bottom layer that is very close to the surface of the skin).

 Waterproof membrane (lining membrane key from waterproof

breathable.

 Outer material.

Non waterproof breathable fabric type is commonly used for low intensity

activity or at the time of driving the motorcycle. For example, like a raincoat, and

perhaps flysheet. On the non-breathable material, the moisture in the body cannot

produce circulated properly on the surface of the material trapped in the fabric.

Therefore, the non-breathable waterproof fabric material not suitable for activities

requiring the wild intensity of gestures.

2.2. Construction Breathable Material

Construction can be divided into two in and out. Divided into waterproof

breathable 2 because it lies below (inside) standard from the factory and fabric above

the fabric.

2.2.1. The inner layer

The technology of the inner layer is divided into two,

lamination and coating technology.

 Laminated waterproof breathable membrane occurs when seeming to

be bound (to be one) with a cloth. The membrane like wallpapers that

affixed to the wall and become one, wallpaper and wall become one is

called lamination.

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 • Coating is liquid composition spread on fabric, such as applying a

waterproof paint to a wall or a wall. One of the trademarks of waterproof

breathable technology this is the Hyvent.

2.2.2. The outer layer

On a waterproof breathable outer layer, the surface of the cloth shoes (upper)

which comes from the brand get spray DWR (Durrable Water Repellant). DWR is an

added layer on the outside of the fabric so that when the fabric is exposed to water,

the water will not precipitate on surface. As illustrated in the picture below :

Figure 2.2. Seperti air di daun talas

(Source : www.wikipedia.com)

Basically the DWR will not affect the existing layer in the fabric (either

laminate or coating), the purpose of DWR is that Cain is not easy because of the

saturated settles on fabric, so that the water that does DWR would like granules on the

surface of the fabric, DWR is not affect the breathability on fabric. In order to work

optimally, it requires treatment by way of updating the layer itself, how it can be

through the technique of spray or washing techniques, but a cool spray technique at

this time is because it's easier. As for brands – brands are: spray nikwax, grangers,

mcnett.

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 Figure Error! No text of specified style in document..2.3. DWR durability

(Source : www.kaskus.co.id)

The image above shows the report of goretex xcr which has been coated or

spray technique DWR products technique of washing. As for samples that have got a

touch with the various brands it then washed up to 10 times, says 50, 65, 70 and

beyond indicate how high the achievement of product value mentioned in the

horizontal line.

2.3. Comparison of the composition of the Breathable Material

Differences and similarities of composition of this type of material is also on the

influence by the manufacturer sector. Starting from layer composition, technology and

coating on the wear became distinctive features of any manufacturers to display their

identity. The material used for waterproof shoes may use various trademarks

acknowledged her strength by brand – brand mountain shoes such as Gore-Tex,

hyvent, etc. Or can also buy its own membrane waterproof and combines yourself.

Here are some types of breathable material:

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 2.3.1. Gore-tex Extended Comfort Footwear

Figure 2.4. karakter

(Sources : www.wikipedia.com)

This type is ideal for moderate conditions (conditions of non extreme) and warmer

over a aktfitas taller.

Figure 2.5. air circulation

(Source : www.goretex.com)

Mostly shoes that wear this Gore-Tex membrane is a shoe made jogging, trail

running, riding, used daily, while there are also several other types of models.

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 Figure 2.6. lapisan sepatu goretex low cut

(Source : www.goretex.com)

2. 3. 2. Gore-tex Performance Comfort Footwear

Figure 2.7. karakter

(Source : www.goretex.com)

This type is ideal for moderate conditions (conditions of non extreme) and cold

weather conditions as well as a variety of outdoor activities.

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 Figure 2.8. lapisan sepatu goretex middle-cut

(Source : www.goretex.com)

The use of the membrane is the dominant shoe type used on the middle of a

field with the use of relatively heavier. Can be seen to have two inner lining to make it

more comfortable.

2. 3. 4. Gore-tex Insulated Comfort Wear

Figure 2.9. karakteristik

(Source : www.goretex.com)

This type offers a wide choice of insulation to keep dry and warm in

cold weather due to keep hot air does not come out.

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Figure 2.10. lapisan sepatu goretex

(Source : www.goretex.com)

Figure 2.11. Review material

(Source : www.kaskus.com)

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2. 4. Hows Breathable Material Works

The key to how membranes and coatings can be both waterproof and breathable lies

in the fact that water in the shape of a raindrop is thousands of times larger than water in

sweat-vapor form. Micropores in your boots membrane or coating are large enough for sweat

vapor to escape, but too small for rainwater to get through.

In addition, as you perspire, the air inside your boots becomes hotter and more humid than

the air outside your boots. Nature prefers equilibrium, so that hot, moist air migrates through

the micropores in the membrane or coating and into the cooler, less humid air around you.

How temperature and humidity affect breathability: Brands are evolving the

performance of their proprietary waterproof/breathable technologies all the time, which is

why today’s rainwear performs much better than first-generation GORE-TEX® boots. It’s

worth noting, though, that regardless of the waterproof/breathable technology, a profusely

sweating human can generate heat and humidity that exceeds a jacket’s ability to breathe. In

cool weather, a waterproof/breathable jacket will do its job effectively. If you’re exerting

yourself in warm and steamy conditions, though, no raingear is likely to feel comfortably dry

inside.

Figure 2. 12. How does it works

(Source : www.sierratradingpost.com)

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 Figure 2. 13. How It Works

(Source : www.goretex.com)

2. 5. Things to Consider in Breathable Material Selection

There are some factors to select a best breathable material for a boots, such as :

 Have a unique technology to moisture the feet stay feel dry and fresh.

 The fabric lining with antimicrobial treatment for odor control

 Have a great membranes composition

 Provide a waterproof membranes to give more advantage

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 CHAPTER III

FINALITY

3. 1. Conclusion

Breathable material is one of the important factors in making a boots. With the use of

this material may be the solution to reducing the excess moisture in the use of boots. This

material selection can be one of the choices which maximize the making of a boots. For that

material Gore-Tex can be the best choice as a breathable material on boots.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Book

Nurmianto, Eko, (1998). Ergonomi konsep dasar dan aplikasinya, Candimas

Metropole, Jakarta

Panero, Julius. & Martin Zelnik (2003). Dimensi manusia dan ruang interior, Erlangga,

Jakarta Kasali, Rhenald (1999). Membidik pasar Indonesia, Gramedia Pustaka Utama,

Jakarta

Journal and research

Mustofa, Suryan (2012) Tugas Akhir Desain Sepatu futsal anak, Despro-ITS

Article

Memolumajang (12/12/2012) Peningkatan jumlah pendaki di Semeru

Website

Thenorthface.com, hyvent material

vibram.com, vibram outsole

Goretex.com, Material waterproof breathable

Kaskus.co.id, eksisting produk

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