QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

673 Quirino Highway, San Bartolome Novaliches,

Quezon City
Electronics Engineering Directory

ENERGY CONVERSION

RESEARCH PROJECT DOCUMENTATION

WIND ENERGY USING DYNAMO

Group Leader: Aguilar, Patricia Mae Section: SBEE – 3C

Members: 1. Acero, Julius Jr. Professor: Sr. Golbandrio T. Teo

2. Acosta, Lester Mark

3. Amorsolo, Sam Anderson

4. Antonio, Reniel
 CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Background of Study

1.3 Statement of the Problem

1.4 Scope and Delimitations

1.5 Significance of the Study

CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1 Review of Related Literature and Study

2.2 Conceptual Framework

2.3 Definitions of Terms

CHAPTER 3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Hardware Specifications

3.2 Software Specifications

CHAPTER 4: THE FINDINGS

4.1 Applications and Impacts to Productivity

4.2 Advantages and Disadvantages

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion

5.2 Recommendation

References

Researcher’s Profile
 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction

Energy is the building block of all activities in the universe. Anything we do requires

energy. As such, it is important to understand what exactly energy conversion means, how it

works and what are the consequences of it. Energy exists in many forms all around us. The

development of our modern society has been accomplished because scientists and engineers

have learned to capture some of that energy and transform it into ways to do useful work.

If we look around ourselves, we can see different energy conversions even in our daily

lives. From the electric lamp and television to the windmill and solar panel, everything uses the

principle of conversion of energy to do meaningful things. An engineer must know where to

"find" energy resources and then how to convert them into forms that are more useful for all of

the machines and gadgets we use in our daily lives. Look around yourselves, what tools or

devices are using energy?

To understand the concept of conversion of energy, we first need to know how many

types of energy there are. In theory, any kind of energy can be converted into any other kind.

Wind energy is one the type of energy conversion. In this project, wind energy we will convert

to electrical energy. The components of this project will we use for energy conversion. “Wind

energy” or “wind power” describes the process which is used wind to generate mechanical

power. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks or a generator can convert this

mechanical power into electricity that can lights bulb. We make small wind turbines turn in the

moving air and power on electric generator that supplies an electric current.
1.2 Background of the Study

The small wind turbine work is like a fan but fan using electricity to make wind, however

wind turbines turns the blade which spin a shaft, then connects to generator and lastly it will

makes electricity. In energy-generating, the shaft is connected to an induction generator inside

the structure. The wind turns the fans, which provides the kinetic energy to spin the wires in

the generator Wind power means using the wind - harnessed a small turbine to generate the

desired amount of electricity to be used for home purposes. This provides an efficient power

alternative that is clean, abundant and completely environmentally friendly. This means that a

natural resource is used to produce clean, environmentally friendly power. The most desirable

way of using the wind to generate electricity is by erecting wind turbines.

We used Dynamo for converting energy, from rotating of small turbine can convert

mechanical energy to electrical energy. First we understand what is dynamo and its functions.

Dynamo is an older term used to describe a generator that makes direct current power. DC

power sends electrons in only one direction. The problem with a simple generator is that when

the rotor rotates it eventually turns completely around, reversing the current. Early inventors

didn't know what to do with this alternating current, alternating current is more complex to

control and design motors and lights for. Early inventors had to figure a way to only capture the

positive energy of the generator, so they invented a commutator. The commutator is a switch

that allows current to only flow in one direction.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

This study was conducted to find an alternative source of electricity for our home

purposes like lightning bulb. The wind will rotates the small wind turbines and dynamo

producing electrical source for lightning bulb, because sometimes our homes have no

electricity and we have no light. This problem can help the some part of Philippines provinces.

During the small wind turbines rotating and dynamo producing electrical current, this project

having a rechargeable battery for the source of electricity. Sometimes of daytime hours we not

using light bulb so, the electrical current produced by the dynamo ca charge battery.
1.4 Scope and Delimitations

The researchers focused on the study on producing energy using dynamo. Dynamo is

an electric generator, which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. This study will

focus mainly in energy conversion by renewable energy such as wind power, that converting

mechanical energy to electrical energy using dynamo. In case of emergency, the some part of

our provinces have no electricity and we can use it in night time hours for lightning bulb.

Electrical energy produced by dynamo will based on the rotating of small wind turbines.

The purpose of this study is to use this project as alternative source of energy and in

case of emergency. The idea was come from of some people having no alternative source of

energy and can help the some part of provinces having no supply of electricity.

1.5 Significance of the Study

Primarily, this study may serve as an environmentally safe source of electricity during

power shortage. This may also help in the conversation of energy supply. People will be

benefited since it can give power to our daily amenities such as rechargeable battery, and

home purposes. The device is environmentally friendly since it does not introduce toxic

chemicals and heavy metals into the atmosphere and it is a renewable energy.

During calamities

Philippines is one of the countries in the world that experience vulnerable calamities.

The Philippines’ exposure to disaster is a significant extent due to the country’s geographical

and physical characteristics. Power shortage is one of the major problems experienced by

affected residences. Some of the people having no alternative source of energy. This project

can help for our alternative source for our home purposes.
Outdoor Activities

As of today, many engage to extreme outdoor activities such as mountain climbing,

island hoping and other outdoor activities. It is a way relieve stress and experience new

adventure. And people nowadays enjoyed sharing those experiences to the social world, but

which part of the mountain will search for a source of electricity? Well, we cannot really fully

depend on the power bank that we have and we need also light. Anywhere we go have wind,

and this project is an alternative source of energy.

 CHAPTER 2

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1. Review of Related Literature and Studies

Electricity starts with atoms. Atoms are tiny bits of matter much too small to see.

Everything in the universe is made of atoms. Huge electric power plants generate or make

electricity. Steam or falling water in dams make big machines called turbines turn. The turbine

drives another machines called an electric generator. The generator makes electricity. Electric

current can charge cell phones and other mobile devices. Electric current is actually electrons

moving in a big loop. Something must give the electrons a push to get tem moving. Batteries

can start electrons flowing. Batteries are source of electrical energy.

Nathloen Whitloeo stated that when you run a generator and have it installed it will

already be connected to your household electrical system so that it is able to activate itself as

soon as the power goes out. Most of the time the generator have a transfer switch that is

connected to that will disconnect the utility power of your home when the generator is being

used. The generator is then able to bond with your electrical system to supply electricity to

your home during a black out. Some of the smallest generators commonly found can power

bicycle lights. These tend to be 0.5 ampere, permanent – magnet alternators supplying 3-6 W

at 6V or 12V. Being powered by the rider, efficiency is at a premium, so these may incorporate

rare – earth magnets and are designed and manufactured with great precision. Nevertheless,

the maximum efficiency is only around 80% for the best of these operators – 60% is more

typical – due in part to the rolling friction at the tire – operator interface from poor alignment,

the small size of the generator, bearing losses and cheap design.

Michael Faraday, the great English electrical physicist, discovered the principle of

electrical generation. He found that if a loop of copper wire were passed between the poles of

a magnet, an electrical flow having an electromotive force or voltage was created in the loop.

This is the principle electromagnetic induction

Dynamo produce electricity much more economically than batteries. The dynamo does

not create electrical energy, but converts mechanical energy by rotating of small wind turbines

then it produce electrical energy.

 Generators, Dynamos, and Batteries are the three tools necessary to create/store

substantial amounts of electricity for human use. Batteries may have been discovered as early

as 248 BC. They simply use chemical reaction to make and store electricity. Scientists

experimented with the battery to invent the early incandescent lamp, electric motors and trains,

and scientific tests. However batteries were not reliable or cost effective for any regular

electrical use, it was the dynamo that radically changed electricity from a curiosity into a

profitable, reliable technology.

2.2 Conceptual Framework

This framework showing the Input, Process, Output, and Evaluation. It is all about

the knowledge we get about in this project which is the conversion of Wind energy to Electrical

energy and the main components that we used. The schematic diagram was followed for the

good process for developing the prototype.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Knowledge In System Design

 Wind energy to  Schematic diagram Wind energy using

Electrical energy  Picture diagram Dynamo
Conversion

Hardware System Development

 Dynamo 7.5 volts  Prototype

 Rechargeable development
Battery 12 volts

Software System Testing

 Paint.Ink  Prototype Testing

EVALUATION
2.3 Definition of Terms

Rechargeable Battery – is a type of electrical battery which can be charged, discharged

into a load, and recharged many times, as opposed to a disposable or primary battery,

which is supplied fully charged and discarded after use.

Dynamo – a device that makes direct current electric power using electromagnetism. It

is also known as a generator, however the term generator normally refers to an

"alternator" which creates alternating current power.

Electrical Wire – A usually pliable metallic strand or rod made in many length an

diameters, sometimes clad and often electrically insulated, used chiefly for structural

supporter to conduct electricity.

Light bulb - One in which a filament gives off light when heated to in candescence by an

electric current.

Switch – a small device that starts or stops the flow of electricity to something when it is

pressed or moved up and down.

 CHAPTER 3

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Hardware Specifications

Components

 Dynamo  Switch

 Rechargeable Battery 12 volts  Electric wires

 Light Bulb

Schematic Diagram

Picture Diagram

3.2 Software Specifications

Paint.Ink
 CHAPTER 4

THE FINDINGS

4.1 Applications and Impacts to Productivity

In this project, we applied the Dynamo that converts mechanical energy to electrical

energy. The small wind turbines rotates the dynamo, that it’s mechanical energy. During

rotating, the dynamo producing electrical current to charge the battery and it is the source of

electricity. This is an alternative source of energy for our home purposes like a lighting bulb.

4.2 Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

 This device is very few ease of parallel operation, simple design and construction

and lesser system stability issues unlike the alternators.

 You can bring this device anywhere.

 The wind is free and with modern technology it can be captured efficiently.

 Once the small wind turbine is built the energy it produces does not cause

greenhouse gases or other pollutants.

 Alternative source of energy.

 During the light bulb we not used, there are battery that charging during the

dynamo producing electrical current and we can use other electrical load.

Disadvantages

 The strength of the wind is not constant and it varies from zero to storm force.

This means that small wind turbines do not produce the same amount of

Electricity all the time. There will be times when they produce no electricity at all.

 Small project only.

 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusions

Based on the results and discussions of the device, it is therefore concluded that:

1. Depend of wind the energy can produced.

2. Wind power only makes up a tiny percent of electricity that is produced.

3. Length of time of rotating the dynamo to produce energy.

5.2 Recommendations

In the light of the facts arrived at, the researcher gives the following recommendations.

1. Follow – up researchers should be encouraged to improve the wind energy

using Dynamo, specifically in the upgrading of voltage from 12 volts or more.

2. Another power source may be provided by rotating of small wind turbine the dynamo.

3. Strong wind, more electricity will be produced.

4. Add higher value of voltage of dynamo for more energy will be produced.

5. Additional rechargeable battery for reservation purposes to prolong usage.

6. Make a portable small wind turbine to energize the device.

References

http://ezinearticles.com

https://www.slideshare.net/zeroyan

http://www.improvisedgenerator.com

www.beginnertopro.in
Researcher’s Profile

Sam Anderson A. Amorsolo, 19 years old, 3rd year BSEE QCPU

Reniel Antonio, 18 years old, 3rd year BSEE QCPU

Patricia Mae Aguilar, 18 years old, 3rd year BSEE QCPU

Lester Mark Acosta, 18 years old, 3rd year BSEE QCPU

Julius Acero Jr., 18 years old, 3rd year BSEE QCPU