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for surface preparation. Typically specified when surface preparation by sandblasting is not possible.
SSPC-SP 3 is power tool cleaning, which is a method of surface preparation on steel surfaces with the use
of power assisted hand tools.
It is performed after SSPC-SP 1, solvent cleaning. Power tool cleaning is to remove loose rust, mill scale,
and paint. The power tools used for this standard include sanders, wire brushes or wheels, chipping
hammers, rotating flaps, needle guns, hammer assemblies, and right angle grinders. The use of such
power tools allows for faster cleaning.
Through the use of impact or abrasion from these power tools, non-adhesive particles are removed in a
faster and less expensive manner than some other cleaning methods. Although this method is convenient,
it cannot be used to remove adherent forms of any rust, mill scale, and loose paint.
Using good cleaning practices are essential to avoiding paint failure. Always blow off the surface with
clean, dry, oil-free compressed air, brushing, or vacuum cleaning methods.
On welded work removal of all welding flux, slag, and fume deposit are necessary as those are the
contents that promote paint failure on welding joints.
Note that as supplements, every project will have its conditions that need to be met. Therefore, it is best not
to apply the same consensus reference photographs and the SSPC surface preparation standards for all
projects because they will all vary based on the steel conditions and cleaning operations.
Although consensus reference photographs are currently not a code or standard requirement but, it is
highly recommended that procurement documents require these aids to establish uniformity in approaching
SSPC standards. Besides, another benefit to using such aids is that it makes it easier to distinguish the
difference between the various grades. It is highly important to note, although these aids are valuable, the
written standards are always primary and hold the highest level of authority to meeting cleaning standard
requirements.
What is SSPC-VIS 3?
Consensus reference photographs for the SSPC-SP 3 power tool cleaning are introduced as SSPC-VIS 3.
Depending on the procurement documents, either SSPC-VIS 3 or other various visual standards are
required to be followed in conjunction with the surface preparation standards.
SSPC-VIS 3 provides photograph references for several grades of cleaning, one of which includes SSPC-
SP 3 power tool cleaning. It provides photograph references for seven conditions of the surface, four
unpainted and three painted surfaces.
Always note that using these references should never be a substitute to following the SSPC-SP 3 power
tool cleaning standards.
Although photographic references can be part of the coating specification document, it can be difficult to
compare surfaces with photographs. So it is in the best interest of the owner to provide the contractor with
sample surfaces of what is expected.
Also, avoid excessively roughening or slicking the surface as that may also lead to premature paint failure.