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Ms. Popp, this PrePacket 3.3 touches on NEW MATERIAL that you have probably not
PP seen (or not seen in quite a while, anyway). As you should know, since 2015, the MCAT
content changed to include ADDITIONAL topics, including some you learn about in
Psychology and Sociology courses. You will be dealing with passages and one
TEMPTATION we want to avoid is applying our OUTSIDE KNOWLEDGE (or letting your
3.3
own PRECONCEIVED IDEAS influence your answers). While a comprehensive overview
would be nice, we’ll focus on the FUNDAMENTALS and address broader topics along the
way. Then, MORE PHYSICS – WHOO HOO!
NOTA BENE (NB): Those blanks are still in there – GOOD LUCK with them!
# of Questions: 102
Topics: PSYCHOLOGY & SOCIOLOGY | PHYSICS
Time: Will vary: Anywhere from 90-120 minutes
TBCB: NEXT SESSION
Notes/Instructions: PSYCHOLOGY & SOCIOLOGY: The Biopsychosocial Approach
Check these off as we
complete them. PHYSICS: Uniform Acceleration & Linear Motion
PrePacket 3.3
A. I only
` B. II only
C. III only
D. I and II
E. I and III
4 Psychology
a Psychology is most fundamentally the
Vic, in case you didn’t get it, psychology is Figure 1: The Hierarchy of the BPS Model
the study of individuals; we explore how:
The biopsychosocial (BPS) model is both a
◼ people think and act
philosophy of clinical care and a practical
◼ mental processes affect behavior
clinical guide. Philosophically, it is a way of
◼ how individuals interact with their
understanding how suffering, disease, and
environment
illness are affected by multiple levels of
It is actually WONDERFUL that psychology is organization, from the societal down to the
now a part of this exam. It allows us to shine molecular. At the practical level, it is a way of
a light on the fact that it OVERLAPS with understanding the patient’s subjective
many other fields, particularly biology and experience as an essential contributor to
sociology. While psychology and sociology accurate diagnosis, health outcomes, and
humane care.
MCAT PREPARATION – PSYCHOLOGY/SOCIOLOGY & PHYSICS
Mr. Carlos Ortiz | VICTORIA POPP PLEASE CONTINUE ON THE NEXT PAGE
Copyright © 2018 Carlos Ortiz | 305.785.5005 | www.mrcarlosortiz.com | carlos@mrcarlosortiz.com page 3 of 9
WORD BANK a “multiplier” indicates the word is used THAT MANY TIMES throughout the page.
From Figure 1 on the previous page, it should By leaving out the non-biological factors that
be clear that multiple factors TOGETHER play into both the development of illness and
determine the course of an illness at more how it is studied, doctors that adhere to the
than one level simultaneously, AND NO biomedical approach will, unfortunately,
SINGLE LEVEL really gives us the whole leave important variables unexplained and
picture. unexamined.
Ms. Popp, this idea of multiple levels of The BPS approach is relatively young in the
analysis makes the BPS model quite distinct field of medicine and was developed to allow
from the biomedical approach which, while for a more complete and accurate
traditional, lacks the inclusiveness that the understanding of patients and their medical
BPS model offers. conditions.
A. I only
` B. I and II
C. II only
D. II and III
E. I, II, and III
A. The treatment plan would most likely involve thoroughly documenting the patient history of liver
issues as well as drug abuse.
B. The treatment plan would most likely involve treatment of the liver through a combination of
`
pharmaceutical and surgical means.
C. The treatment plan would include procuring a biopsy of the liver and the implementation of a
therapies with patient input.
D. Both A and B
E. Both B and C
A. The treatment plan would most likely involve thoroughly documenting the patient history of liver
issues as well as drug abuse.
B. The treatment plan would most likely involve addressing the patient’s alcohol consumption along
` with attention to the psychosocial factors including the patient’s housing situation and any stress
level
C. The treatment plan would include procuring a biopsy of the liver and the implementation of a
therapies with patient input.
D. Both A and B
E. Both B and C
THROWBACK TOPIC: Ramps, Forces, Distances If you were able to answer #12, Vic, then you
A ramp is a simple machine which does now have a more intimate understanding of the
NOT CHANGE the amount of work following:
performed on an object (in this case, to lift
the box from the floor onto the platform). ➔ Because the product of force and
distance must be constant according to
◼ In the equation
W =Fd , we say force and distance
Wnet =Fnet (cos)d =PE=mg(h) , VARY INVERSELY.
m, g, and h are constants, so Wnet is ➔ When two variables are inversely
constant. proportional, one DECREASES BY A
CERTAIN FACTOR as the other
Victoria, a MUCH SIMPLER VERSION of
INCREASES by the SAME FACTOR.
this equation is: W = Fd .
➔ In our RAMP example above, the
◼ Ramps do NOT CHANGE THE AMOUNT OF
“longer” the ramp, the less the amount
WORK PERFORMED, but they do change
of force needed to raise the box onto the
both the distance and force needed to
platform.
perform that work.
13 MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE OF OUR RAMP
12 MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE OF OUR RAMP
a In the figure above, if the top of the platform
a If you have understood our analysis thus far,
would be 0.75 m above the ground, our applied
Vic, consider the figure above. One way to get
force along the ramp (compared to lifting the
the box from the ground to is to PUSH IT UP
box straight from the ground onto the platform)
0.25 m directly from the floor to the top of the
would be
cylindrical platform with a force of 48 N. If the
ramp is used instead, the PUSH would require a A. greater by 0.50
force of
B. less by a factor of 4
A. 4 N C. greater by a factor of 2
B. 6 N D. less by a factor of 0.5
C. 12 N E. impossible to determine
D. 16 N
E. 24 N True or False
T The amount of work performed on an object
True or False
that is either LIFTED or LOWERED is
T Work performed on an object that results in it dependent only on that object’s initial and final
being LIFTED or LOWERED changes the heights.
potential energy of that object.
90 initial 65
a = v = vf − vi a = v = f i
v −v D. II and III
t t t t E. I only
◼ If velocity and acceleration ARE IN Let us briefly examine the rules for the
OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS, the simple case of uniformly accelerated
magnitude of the object’s velocity will motion along a straight line.
decrease. The motion of a particle in uniformly
One more example (a familiar one, I’m sure): accelerated motion on a straight line
or rectilinear path can be described
For an object tossed upward with some fairly comprehensively by four basic
INITIAL UPWARD VELOCITY, the variables:
gravity of the earth, which acts to PULL
AIRBORNE OBJECTS BACK DOWN, will 1) Displacement (Δx)
be OPPOSITE IN DIRECTION to that 2) Velocity (v)
initial upward velocity so it would 3) Acceleration (a)
hinder that velocity until it is diminished 4) Time (t)
to a value of zero at its peak height.
The first three of these are vector
After peaking, the gravity of the earth quantities while time is a scalar.
would now help the object to increase its
DOWNWARD VELOCITY until it Here is a summary of the applicable linear
eventually reaches the ground (or some motion (or kinematics equations) when
other surface). ACCELERATION is UNIFORM:
a = v = f
NB: Any time an object is IN THE AIR v − vi
(rising or falling) without any help (i.e. → vf = vi + at
rocket boosters or an engine of some kind), t t
it is in a state of motion we describe as
FREE-FALL → this just means the object is x = vit + 12 at 2 vf 2 = vi2 + 2ax
UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE GRAVITY
OF THE EARTH, ONLY! vf + vi
vavg =
2
16 Acceleration
a An object tossed upward will eventually peak at Example: A cheetah running with a velocity of
which point the magnitude of its velocity will magnitude 10 meters per second accelerates
be 0. At that peak height, uniformly to a velocity of magnitude 24
meters per second. If the magnitude of its
A. the object has zero acceleration. acceleration was 7 m/s every s, how long did it
` B. the object is being accelerated downward. take for the cheetah to change its speed?
C. the object is being accelerated upward. vf − vi 24 m s−1 −10 m s−1
D. the object’s acceleration is changing from
vf = vi + at → t = =
a 7 m s−2
positive to negative = 2s
E. none of the above