Taller Potencial químico: constantes de equilibrio

1- True or false?
(a) The chemical potential of benzene in a solution of benzene and toluene must equal the chemical potential of
toluene in that solution.
(b) The chemical potential of sucrose in a solution of sucrose in water at 300 K and 1 bar must equal the molar
Gibbs energy of solid sucrose at 300 K and 1bar.
(c) The chemical potential of sucrose in a saturated solution of sucrose in water at 300 K and 1 bar must equal the
molar Gibbs energy of solid sucrose at 300 K and 1 bar.
(d) If phases a and bare in equilibrium with each other, the chemical potential of phase a must equal the chemical
potential of phase b.

2- For the ideal-gas reaction PCl5(g) PCl3(g) +Cl2(g),

use Appendix data to estimate K°P at 400 K; assume that H°is independent of T.

3-The ideal-gas reaction CH4(g) +H2O(g) CO(g) +3H2(g)

at 600 K has H° =217.9 kJ/mol, S° =242.5 J/(mol K), and G°=72.4 kJ/mol. Estimate the temperature at which
K°P = 26 for this reaction. State approximations made.

4- Consideremos el equilibrio C2H6(g)C2H4(g) + H2(g). A 1000 K y una presión total constante de 1 atm, se
introduce C2H6(g) en un vaso de reacción. La presión total se mantiene constante a 1 atm y la composición de
equilibrio de la mezcla en porcentaje molar es H2(g). :26%, C2H4(g): 26% y C2H6(g):48%.
(a) calcule Kp a 1000K
(b)Si Hreacción = 137 kJmol-1, calcule el valor de Kp a 298,15K.
(c)Calcule Greacción para esta reacción a 298,15K..

5- La transformación de malato a fumarato:

malato(ac)  fumarato(ac) + H2O(l) (1)

es endergónica a la temperatura del organismo humano, 37C; G vale 2.93 kJmol-1. En el metabolismo la
reacción se aparea con :
fumarato(ac)  aspartato(ac) (2)

para la cual G vale -15.5 kJmol-1 a 37C.

a- calcule Kc para la reacción 1.
b- Calcule Kc para la reacción 2.
Calcule Kc y G para la reacción apareada (1)+ (2).

6- The equilibrium constant for the reaction Fe3O4(s) + CO(g) 3FeO(s) +CO2(g) is 1.15 at 600°C. If a mixture
of 2.00 mol Fe3O4, 3.00 mol CO, 4.00 mol FeO, and 5.00 mol CO2 is brought to equilibrium at 600°C, find the
equilibrium composition. Assume the pressure is low enough for the gases to behave ideally.

7-Consideremos el equilibrio NO2(g) NO(g) +1/2O2(g). Se sitúa un mol de NO2(g) en un vaso y se permite que
alcance el equilibrio a una presión total de 1 atm.
Un análisis del contenido del vaso da los siguientes resultados:
T 700 K 800 K
PNO/PNO2 0.872 2.50

a. Calcule KPa 700 y 800 K.

b. Calcule G para esta reacción a 298.15 K, suponiendo que ∆H°reacción es independiente de la temperatura.
8-Una muestra conteniendo 2.25 moles de He (1 bar,298 K) está mezclada con 3.00 moles de Ne (1 bar, 298 K)
y1.75 moles de Ar (1 bar, 298 K). Calcular Gmezcla y Smezcla.

9- True or false? (a) If a reactant is added to an ideal-gas reaction that is in equilibrium, the equilibrium must
always shift to use up some of the added reactant. (b) If a reactant is added to an ideal-gas reaction that is in
equilibrium, the equilibrium must always shift so as to decrease the mole fraction of the added reactant. (c) The
chemical potential of a pure sub-stance is equal to its molar Gibbs energy.

10-For the ideal-gas reaction PCl5(g) PCl3(g) +Cl2(g),state whether the equilibrium shifts to the right, left, or
neither when each of the following changes is made in an equilibrium mixture at 25°C. You may use
Thermodynamic data. (a) T is de-creased at constant P. (b) Vis decreased at constant T. (c) Some PCl5
removed at constant T and V. (d) He(g) is added at constant T and V. (e) He(g) is added at constant Tand P.

11-For the gas-phase reaction

Measured K°P values in the range 450 to 700 K are fitted by log K°P=7.55 - (4.83 x103)(K/T). Calculate G°,
H°, S°,and C°P for this reaction at 500 K. Assume ideal gases.