BICOL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

ELEVATOR DESIGN ANALYSIS FOR

PROPOSED FIVE-STOREY MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING BUILDING
BICOL UNIVERSITY, EAST CAMPUS, LEGAZPI CITY

PREPARED BY:

1. Ben Josef T. Cerillo

2. May-Ann B. Bonto
3. Neil Patrick Harris O. Morano
4. Keith Howard B. Moyano
5. Gerryferd Clent M. Aringo
A. BUILDING POPULATION UTILIZING THE ELEVATOR
FIRST FLOOR
NO. OF
ROOM NO. ROOM CLASSIFICATION
OCCUPANTS
1 Classroom 30
2 Classroom 30
3 Classroom 30
4 Laboratory 50
5 Wellness 10
6 Classroom 30
7 Classroom 30
8 Research and Extension 50
TOTAL 260

SECOND FLOOR
NO. OF
ROOM NO. ROOM CLASSIFICATION
OCCUPANTS
1 Classroom 30
2 Classroom 30
3 Classroom 30
4 Laboratory 50
5 Wellness 10
6 Classroom 30
7 Classroom 30
8 Research and Extension 50
TOTAL 260

THIRD FLOOR
NO. OF
ROOM NO. ROOM CLASSIFICATION
OCCUPANTS
1 Classroom 30
2 Classroom 30
3 Classroom 30
4 Library 50
5 Wellness 10
6 Classroom 30
7 Classroom 30
8 Research and Extension 50
TOTAL 260
 FOURTH FLOOR
NO. OF
ROOM NO. ROOM CLASSIFICATION
OCCUPANTS
1 Classroom 30
2 Classroom 30
3 Classroom 30
4 Laboratory 50
5 Wellness 10
6 Classroom 30
7 Classroom 30
8 Research and Extension 50
TOTAL 260

FIFTH FLOOR
NO. OF
ROOM NO. ROOM CLASSIFICATION
OCCUPANTS
1 Classroom 30
2 Classroom 30
3 Classroom 30
4 Laboratory 50
5 Wellness 10
6 Classroom 30
7 Classroom 30
8 Research and Extension 50
TOTAL 260

 Populations Summary
a. First Floor - 260
b. Second Floor - 260
c. Third Floor - 260
d. Fourth Floor - 260
e. Fifth Floor - 260

 Total Building Population - 1300

40% of total population will only be considered as the usage of the elevators prioritize
faculty members. There are alternate stairs for the other 60% of the total population.

Total Building Population (to be used in design)

𝑼 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎(𝟏𝟑𝟎𝟎) = 𝟓𝟐𝟎
B. ELEVATOR DESIGN

1. Passenger arrival rate

𝑨𝑹% = 𝟏𝟓%
2. Number of floors above ground
𝑵=𝟒
3. Car carrying capacity
𝑪𝑪 = 𝟏𝟓
4. Floor to floor height
𝒅𝒇 = 𝟓 𝒎
5. Main terminal height
𝒅𝒈 = 𝟔. 𝟓 𝒎
6. Speed
𝒗 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝒎⁄𝒔
7. Acceleration
𝒂 = 𝟏. 𝟎 𝒎⁄ 𝟐
𝒔
8. Jerk
𝟏
𝒋= (𝟎. 𝟓 𝒎⁄ 𝟑 + 𝟏. 𝟓 𝒎⁄ 𝟑 ) = 𝟏. 𝟎 𝒎⁄ 𝟑
𝟐 𝒔 𝒔 𝒔
9. Passenger boarding time
𝒕𝒑𝒊 = 𝟏. 𝟐 𝒔
10. Passenger alighting time
𝒕𝒑𝒐 = 𝟏. 𝟐 𝒔
11. Door opening time
𝒕𝒅𝒐 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝒔
12. Door closing time
𝒕𝒅𝒄 = 𝟐 𝒔
13. Motor start delay
𝒕𝒔𝒅 = 𝟎. 𝟓 𝒔
14. Operation in safety grounds. Advance door opening is not implemented.
15. Floor populations are equal.
 Using the following conditions to check if the lift will attain top speed in a one-
floor journey,

𝒂𝟐 𝒗+𝒗𝟐 𝒋 𝒅 𝒗 𝒂
(1) 𝑰𝒇 𝒅 ≥ ( ) , 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒕 = 𝒗 + 𝒂 +
𝒂𝒋 𝒋

𝟐𝒂𝟑 𝒂𝟐 𝒗+𝒗𝟐 𝒋 𝒂 𝟒𝒅 𝒂 𝟐
(2) 𝑰𝒇 ≤𝒅<( ) , 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒕 = 𝒋 + √ 𝒂 + ( 𝒋 )
𝒋𝟐 𝒂𝒋

𝟏
𝟐𝒂𝟑 𝟑𝟐𝒅 𝟑
(3) 𝑰𝒇 𝒅 < , 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒕 = ( 𝒋 )
𝒋𝟐

From condition (1), d = 5 m

(𝟏. 𝟎 𝒎⁄ )𝟐 ∙ 𝟏. 𝟓 𝒎⁄ + (𝟏. 𝟓 𝒎⁄ )𝟐 ∙ 𝟏. 𝟎 𝒎⁄
𝒂𝟐 𝒗 + 𝒗𝟐 𝒋 𝒔𝟐 𝒔 𝒔 𝒔𝟑 = 𝟑. 𝟕𝟓 𝒎
( )= 𝒎 𝒎
𝒂𝒋 𝟏. 𝟎 ⁄ 𝟐 ∙ 𝟏. 𝟎 ⁄ 𝟑
𝒔 𝒔

𝒅 > 𝟑. 𝟕𝟓 𝒎

The top speed will be attained in a distance less than a floor jump. The time
taken to complete one floor journey will be,

𝒅 𝒗 𝒂
𝒕𝒇 = + +
𝒗 𝒂 𝒋

𝒎
𝟓. 𝟎 𝒎 𝟏. 𝟓 𝒎⁄𝒔 𝟏 ⁄𝒔𝟐
𝒕𝒇 = + 𝒎 + 𝒎 = 𝟓. 𝟖𝟑 𝒔
𝟏. 𝟓 𝒎⁄𝒔 𝟏 ⁄ 𝟐 𝟏 ⁄ 𝟑
𝒔 𝒔

C. NUMBER OF PASSENGERS
In practice, the car generally fills up 80% of its total carrying capacity.
𝑷 = 𝟎. 𝟖 ∙ 𝑪𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟖 ∙ 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟏𝟐

D. PROBABLE NUMBER OF STOPS

With equal floor populations,
𝟏 𝑷
𝑺 = 𝑵 [𝟏 − (𝟏 − ) ]
𝑵
𝟏 𝟏𝟐
𝑺 = 𝟒 [𝟏 − (𝟏 − ) ] = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟕
𝟒
E. HIGHEST REVERSAL FLOOR
With equal floor populations,
𝑵−𝟏
𝒊 𝑷
𝑯=𝑵− ∑( )
𝑵
𝒊=𝟏
𝟏𝟐
𝟑 𝟏𝟐 𝟐 𝟏 𝟏𝟐
𝑯 = 𝟒 − [( ) + ( ) + ( ) ] = 𝟑. 𝟗𝟕
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒

F. ROUND TRIP TIME

𝒅𝒇 𝒅𝒇 𝒅𝒈 − 𝒅𝒇
𝝉=𝟐∙𝑯∙( ) + (𝑺 + 𝟏) ∙ (𝒕𝒇 − + 𝒕𝒅𝒐 + 𝒕𝒅𝒄 + 𝒕𝒔𝒅 − 𝒕𝒂𝒐 ) + 𝑷(𝒕𝒑𝒊 + 𝒕𝒑𝒐 ) + 𝟐 ∙ ( )
𝒗 𝒗 𝒗

Assumptions:
1. The traffic is pure incoming traffic (up peak only). All passengers arrive at the
entrance and board the elevator to go to his/her destination on one of the upper
floors.
2. In one trip time, the elevator makes S stops and reaches H highest reversal
floor. These two variables have been derived elsewhere. They depend on the
number of floors above the main entrance (the lobby), N, and on the number of
passengers in the car, P. They can be derived for the general case where the
floor populations are unequal or for the special case where the floor populations
are equal.
3. The elevator collects P passengers from the main terminal (lobby) and delivers
them to their selected destinations. It then expresses back to the main terminal
to pick another set of P passengers.
4. Every time the elevators stops at a floor, it takes time for the doors to open, the
passengers to transfer (in at the main terminal and out at the destination floors)
and then for the doors to close. Further delay at each stop is caused by the
start delay of the motor. The delay will be reduced in the case of advanced door
opening.
5. The assumption will be made that the elevator will attain its top speed in one
floor journey.
 6. The assumption will also be made that the floor heights are equal.
7. The assumption will also be made that there is only one entrance floor (arrival
floor). All passengers arrive through this single entrance.

Solving for Round Trip Time (RTT),

𝟓 𝟓 𝟔. 𝟓 − 𝟓
𝝉 = 𝟐 ∙ 𝟑. 𝟗𝟕 ∙ ( ) + (𝟑. 𝟖𝟕 + 𝟏) ∙ (𝟓. 𝟖𝟑 − + 𝟏. 𝟓 + 𝟐 + 𝟎. 𝟓 − 𝟎) + 𝟏𝟐(𝟏. 𝟐 + 𝟏. 𝟐) + 𝟐 ∙ ( )
𝟏. 𝟓 𝟏. 𝟓 𝟏. 𝟓

𝝉 = 𝟖𝟖. 𝟗 𝒔

G. HANDLING CAPACITY
In order to meet the expected passenger arrival rate of 15%, the number of
lifts required can be calculated as follows:
𝟑𝟎𝟎 ∙ 𝑳 ∙ 𝑷
𝑯𝑪% =
𝝉∙𝑼
Assume HC% = AR% = 0.15. Solving for L,
𝑯𝑪% ∙ 𝝉 ∙ 𝑼 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓 ∙ 𝟖𝟖. 𝟗 ∙ 𝟓𝟐𝟎
𝑳= = = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟔
𝟑𝟎𝟎 ∙ 𝑷 𝟑𝟎𝟎 ∙ 𝟏𝟐

𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝑳 = 𝟐

In practice, the handling capacity achieved with two lifts is:

𝟑𝟎𝟎 ∙ 𝑳 ∙ 𝑷 𝟑𝟎𝟎 ∙ 𝟐 ∙ 𝟏𝟐
𝑯𝑪% = = = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟕 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓𝟕%
𝝉∙𝑼 𝟖𝟖. 𝟗 ∙ 𝟓𝟐𝟎
which is a little more than the expected arrival rate of 15%.

H. INTERVAL
𝝉 𝟖𝟖. 𝟗
𝒊𝒏𝒕 = = = 𝟒𝟒. 𝟓 𝒔
𝑳 𝟐
which is less than the typical interval time for offices of 30 seconds.
 I. MOTOR SIZING
The formula for sizing the motor to be used for a lift is as follows:
𝑷𝒓 × 𝒎𝒑 × 𝒂𝒈 × 𝒗 × (𝟏 − 𝑪𝑭)
𝑴=
𝜼
Where:
M - power requirement for operation
Pr - rated number of passengers in car
mp - general mass of a passenger (use 60 kg)
ag - acceleration due to gravity
v - top speed of car
CF - counterweight factor (use 40% = 0.40)
η - total efficiency of the elevator installation (use 85% = 0.85)

Solving for power requirement of motor,

𝟏𝟓 × 𝟔𝟎 𝒌𝒈 × 𝟗. 𝟖𝟏 𝒎⁄ 𝟐 × 𝟏. 𝟓 𝒎⁄𝒔 × (𝟏 − 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎)
𝑴= 𝒔 = 𝟗𝟑𝟒𝟖 𝑵 ∙ 𝒎⁄𝒔 ≈ 𝟗𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒔
𝟎. 𝟖𝟓

Use a 9.35 kW or 12.54 hp motor

DESIGN SUMMARY

CATEGORY REMARKS
Total building population 520 (40% OF TOTAL 1300)
Percent handling capacity 15%
Handling capacity 0.15 x 520 = 78
Car capacity 15 persons
Round trip time 88.9 seconds
Five-minute handling capacity (300 x 15 x 0.85)/88.9 = 43.0
Number of cars 2 cars
Recommended elevator speed 1.5 m/s for five floors (including ground)
Recommended motor 9.35kW or 12.54hp

CAR SELECTION (MANUFACTURER STANDARDS)

ELEVATOR MANUFACTURER:

TOSHIBA – Toshiba Elevators and Building Systems Corporation™

CATALOG:

ELCOSMO-III: Toshiba Compact Machine Room Elevators - Standard Passenger

Elevator, 2nd Edition (pdf)

Source:

https://www.toshiba-elevator.co.jp/elv/infoeng/catalog/pdf/elcosmo3_201803.pdf
  Use Type P15-CO96

SPECIFICATIONS
No. of Persons 15
Load Capacity 1150 kg
Speed 1.6 m/s
Internal Cage size (A×B) 1800×1500 mm
Door width 1100 mm
Hoistway size (X×Y; OH; P) 2450×2190 mm; 4050 mm; 1400 mm
Machine Room Dimensions 2450×2190 mm
Motor Capacity 12.0 kW
Maximum Service Stops 48
Maximum Travel 100 m

EFFECT ON TIME TAKEN TO COMPLETE ONE FLOOR JOURNEY

𝒎
𝟓. 𝟎 𝒎 𝟏. 𝟔 𝒎⁄𝒔 𝟏 ⁄𝒔𝟐
𝒕𝒇 = + 𝒎 + 𝒎 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟑 𝒔
𝟏. 𝟔 𝒎⁄𝒔 𝟏 ⁄ 𝟐 𝟏 ⁄ 𝟑
𝒔 𝒔

EFFECT ON RTT

𝟓 𝟓 𝟔. 𝟓 − 𝟓
𝝉 = 𝟐 ∙ 𝟑. 𝟗𝟕 ∙ ( ) + (𝟑. 𝟖𝟕 + 𝟏) ∙ (𝟓. 𝟖𝟑 − + 𝟏. 𝟓 + 𝟐 + 𝟎. 𝟓 − 𝟎) + 𝟏𝟐(𝟏. 𝟐 + 𝟏. 𝟐) + 𝟐 ∙ ( )
𝟏. 𝟔 𝟏. 𝟔 𝟏. 𝟔

𝝉 = 𝟖𝟕. 𝟐 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒔

EFFECT ON INTERVAL

𝝉 𝟖𝟕. 𝟐
𝒊𝒏𝒕 = = = 𝟒𝟑. 𝟔 𝒔
𝑳 𝟐

The effects of using the manufacturer specifications for the elevator systems will
make the time required for one floor travel and return trip time shorter.
ELEVATOR APPEARANCE DESIGN

CATALOG:

Design Selection: Toshiba Passenger Elevators (pdf)

Source:

https://www.toshiba-elevator.co.jp/elv/infoeng/catalog/pdf/designselection_201803.pdf

CAR DESIGN
HALL DESIGN

CAR OPERATING PANEL

OTHER OPTIONAL ITEMS

PREPARED BY:
1. Ben Josef T. Cerillo
2. May-Ann B. Bonto
3. Neil Patrick Harris O. Morano
4. Keith Howard B. Moyano
5. Gerryferd Clent M. Aringo