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UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Pg. 2 Section 3.1 Liaison
Background
The Military Expert on Mission’s continuous work, parallel to other duties, is liaison
with all the “players” in the field.
Through liaison, meeting and discussing with people, MEoM pave the way to fulfilling
their other tasks. When you know the people and they know you. It is easier to start
actions needed to solve the problems.
The aim of liaison is to establish communication, build productive relationships and
create mutual understanding. Successful liaison will result in dispute resolution on
low level, increased credibility, easier access to important persons and information
and greater understanding of the situation and people in the mission area.
Conflict thrives on rumor, uncertainty and prejudice. Therefore liaison is a vital tool
and key factor to success, by presenting accurate information within parties built on
trust.
In order to be effective in liaison, MEoM have to record all people they meet, the
discussions they have and other information they gather.
Aim
The aim of this unit is to provide Military Experts on Missions with the necessary
information to understand and familiarize about the concept and responsibilities of
liaison within a peacekeeping mission.
Learning Outcomes
On completion of this section, participants will be able to:
Understand the definition, aim, tasks and apply the methods for conducting
liaison in UN peacekeeping operations
Training Sequence
The training material contained in this unit is best presented after Unit 2 Negotiation
and Mediation. The necessary time for the delivery of the unit depends on the
number of training activities upon which the trainer/instructor decides; it also depends
on the modification on the duration of this material to fit in the national training
requirements and reflect the subject matter understanding level of the participants.
Duration
The times shown below are the minimum recommended time periods and subject to
above recommendations. Additional activities and discussions can be added as time
permits.
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Section 3.1 Liaison Pg. 3
Methodology
This session involves a slide-supported lecture followed by learning activities
(suggested and optional). It is recommended that instructor should inform participants
of the content, format and timing, this can improve participant’s ability to focus on the
subject and benefit better from the session, since as adult learners they need to be
kept engaged.
Instructor Profile
This module is best presented by an instructor who has experience as Liaison Officer
of Force/UNMO HQ in a UN peacekeeping mission, who could share his/her
experience with the group. If there is more than one instructor, at least one should
have practical experience. The instructor should also encourage questions from the
participants and aim for an interactive discussion. All trainees should be encouraged
to contribute to the group discussions, case study discussions and in any other
activity.
Instructor Preparations
Required Readings
• UN Peacekeeping Operations, Principles and Guidelines
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Pg. 4 Section 3.1 Liaison
General Preparations
Equipment:
1. Computer and section Power Point slides
2. Projector and Screen
3. Flip chart
Materials:
Print handouts of Unit 3.1 slides. It is suggested that the handouts are
printed in the 3 slides per page format.
Mission Specific
If Section 3.1 is being presented to prepare students for a particular UN
peacekeeping mission, then gather mission specific information from the
mission website (available at the UN DPKO internet website, through ‘current
operations’: http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/dpko/index.asp). Additional mission
specific information is available at the UN DPKO Policy and Training internet
website:
http://peacekeepingresourcehub.unlb.org/PBPS/Pages/Public/Home.aspx
Symbols Legend
A point where the session will benefit from mission specific information
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Section 3.1 Liaison Pg. 5
Handout
Film
Learning activity
Note: Questions commonly asked by participants during this session are listed at the
end of the section.
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Pg. 6 Section 3.1 Liaison
Session Notes
Slide 1
SECTION 3.1 LIAISON
Aim Slide 2
The aim of this unit is to provide Military Experts on Missions with the
necessary information to understand and familiarize about the concept
and responsibilities of liaison within a peacekeeping mission.
Slide 3
Learning Outcome
On completion of this section, participants will be able to:
• Understand the definition, aim, tasks and apply the methods
for conducting liaison in UN peacekeeping operations
Slide 4
Structure of presentation
• The definition, aim and tasks of liaison
• Liaison types
• The methods for conducting liaison in UN peacekeeping operations
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Section 3.1 Liaison Pg. 7
Two groups:
• Definition of liaison and it aim
• Liaison tasks
) Activity Guidelines:
1. Divide participants into two small groups.
2. Ask each group to explain one of the terms in the slide.
3. Ask participants to present their results in the plenary.
4. Complement the results with the expected outcome
) Expected Outcome:
Definition of Liaison
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Pg. 8 Section 3.1 Liaison
Liaison tasks
Liaison tasks Slide 6
“P E A C E K E E P E R”
Propose liaison meetings.
Establish contact
All reports are handed according to the tasks.
Coordinate activities and cooperate with Force units
Ensure high level of cooperation
Keep force elements continuously informed
Ensure that liaison assistance requests are met promptly.
Ensure that volatile situations are defused as soon as possible .
Pay attention of the challenge of conducting liaison through an
interpreter.
Ensure that reports are complete and correct.
Records on all activities must be kept updated.
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Section 3.1 Liaison Pg. 9
Liaison types
Slide 7
Liaison types
• Cross-boundary liaison – friendly forces
• Liaison across the chain of command
• Liaison with civil authorities and international organizations
• Liaison with belligerent forces
Slide 8
Cross-Boundary Liaison – Friendly Forces
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Pg. 10 Section 3.1 Liaison
Slide 9
Liaison across the Chain of Command
The multinational and multilingual nature of a Force will often give chain of
command liaison a greater significance. This is particularly so if a military
contingent is not familiar with generic operating procedures used by the lead
military force such as NATO. Chain of command liaison will also assist with
two well-known liaison challenges: planning and simply relaying future
intentions.
Liaison with Civil Authorities and International Organizations
Slide 10
Liaison with Civil Authorities and International Organizations
Where appropriate, liaise with municipal civil authorities such as the local
administration, police, coastguard, air traffic controllers, fire services and
hospitals. Liaise also with international organizations such as the UN High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), International Committee of the Red
Cross (ICRC), the Word Health Organization (WHO), UN Civilian Police (UN
CIVPOL), etc., who will help with shared initiatives and increase overall
security knowledge.
Slide 11
Liaison with Belligerent Forces
• Operations within an established framework
• Operations where No established Framework Exist.
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Section 3.1 Liaison Pg. 11
Slide 12
Probable liaison tasks with belligerent include:
• Negotiations
• Ceasefire violations
• Protest/briefs
• Negotiations
The need to negotiate will depend on the mandate, the force structure,
and its level of dependency on host nation support or belligerent force
goodwill
• Ceasefire violations
The basing of LOs at belligerent force HQ will assist in the resolution of
any ceasefire violations. Not only will this allow a rapid assessment of
which party is de aggressor, but this will also assist the military
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Pg. 12 Section 3.1 Liaison
Slide 14
Military Observer Liaison Teams
• Deployment
• Team selection
• Liaison at different levels
• Deployment
UN MilObs are generally deployed across the whole mission AOR. The
mission AOR is usually divided into sectors with MilOb Teams assigned to
specific sectors. Periodically, teams from different sectors may operate in one
other’s area to learn the areas and standards tasks of neighboring teams and
enable them to provide assistance on short notice
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Section 3.1 Liaison Pg. 13
• Team selection
The teams and their members are usually appointed and coordinated by the
sector HQ or the observer mission HQ. Personality, experience in the field,
knowledge of language(s), etc., are taken into consideration when selecting
officers for liaison purposes. And since liaison is not an activity unto itself but
always coordinated, the flexibility of the individual is paramount.
Example
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Pg. 14 Section 3.1 Liaison
Questions
1. What is the definition of Liaison?
) Expected outcome
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010
Section 3.1 Liaison Pg. 15
UN Peacekeeping PDT Standards, Specialized Training Material for Military Experts on Mission 1st
Edition 2010