BOUYANCY

Buoyancy is the tendency of fluid to exert a supporting

force on a body placed in the fluid.

A body in a fluid, whether floating or submerged, is

buoys up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid
displaced.

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 BOUYANCY

Buoyancy Force, FB = Weight of fluid displaced

FB  gV
V= volume of fluid displaced
The force acting through the centroid of the volume of
fluid displaced which is known as center of buoyancy.
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 BOUYANCY
Buoyancy force for a body immersed in two fluids

Fluid 1
R R1
1
. G1
Fluid 2
2
.G2

R2 Badronnisa Y.
 BOUYANCY
Buoyancy force on upper part acting through G1

 gV1
Buoyancy force on lower part acting through G2

 gV2
Total Buoyancy Force, R

R  gV1  gV2
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 STABILITY OF SUBMERGED BODY

The stability of an immersed body depends

 on the relative positions of center of gravity (G) of

the body and the centroid of the displaced volume of
fluid, (C)

 C above G – produce righting moment

– stable

 G above C – increase overturning moment

– unstable Badronnisa Y.
STABILITY OF FLOATING BODY

G .
.B
R
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 STABILITY OF FLOATING BODY

The force acting are

 The Buoyancy Force, R acting through the

center of buoyancy, B. (centroid of the
displaced fluid)

 The weight, W of the body acting through

the center of gravity, G.

For Equilibrium, R = W and act at the same line. Badronnisa Y.

 STABILITY OF FLOATING BODY
When the body is displaced through an angle , the
center of buoyancy moves from B to B’.

M

.G
.B . B'

R Badronnisa Y.
W
 STABILITY OF FLOATING BODY

The point of intersection of the lines of action of the

buoyant force before and after displace is called the
metacenter, M and the distance GM is called the
Metacentric Height.

The stability of floating bodies depends on

 The relative position of M with the center of gravity, G.

 The metacentric height (GM) (+/-)

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 STABILITY OF FLOATING BODY

 M above G – GM positive (produce righting moment)

– Stable

 M below G – GM negative (produce overturning moment)

– Unstable

 M coincides with G, the body is neutral equilibrium

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 STABILITY OF FLOATING BODY

Determination of GM

I
GM   CG
V

GM = Metacentric height
I = Second moment of area (or moment of inertia)
V = Volume of liquid displaced
CG = Distance between center of buoyancy and center of gravity
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