INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AQIDAH, DAKWAH AND SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

2004 THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING QURAN IN COLLEGE GE DANGDIAN

CHINA

ABSTRACT
In early times, Islam entered China as a result of Muslims practicing the Prophet’s (Peace be upon him) saying,
“Convey from me even a verse.” The Chinese, who were deeply influenced by those Muslims, converted into Islam
and obeyed the Islamic Law. Muslims have played a significant role in the preaching of Islam and Islamic culture,
while stoically facing the challenges of different historical periods in China. However, they still build mosques and
turn them into education centers to preserve religion and identity. Thus arose the new nation (Hui), which represents
Muslims of Arab origin and new Muslim Chinese generations who contributed to the development of China's
civilization and society. The researcher chose the College of Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Dian) as a model in the
dissemination of Islamic education, curriculum and courses adopted, and the teaching methods and evaluated the
curricula of the institute and its education performance, especially after the Cultural Revolution which was intended
to dissolve the Islamic identity. As the subject was studied for the first time in Chinese and Arabic languages, this
research used scientific methods such as historical, descriptive, field and analytical methods. Through this study, the
results achieved the following: disclosure about the role of immigrants from Ethiopia in spreading Islam in China,
proving the role of nationalism (Hui) in the propagation of Islam, and the establishment of mosque’s schools and
Islamic Colleges, disclosure of the role of scholars (Hui) in education and their sacrifice for the continuation of
schools and colleges in carrying out scientific and educational purposes while devising ways and means available to
keep the identity of Islam and the Muslims and explaining the role of the College of Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Dian)
enhances Islamic identity and scientific development in the Muslim community in particular and the Chinese
community in general.

Research contents
Chapter One: Find and structure of the public plan
Introduction
Importance of the study
Reasons for choosing topic
Research problem
Research questions
Research objectives
Research limits
Literature review
Research Methodology
Chapter II: the introduction of Islam in China and the challenges faced

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SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

1: The introduction of Islam in China, its spread and situation at the stage of the Cultural
Revolution
2: The several phases of the Chinese Islamic teaching
3: The definition of the College of Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Dian)
Chapter III: The teaching methods and facilities used in the teaching of Quran at the College (Ge
Dang Dian) in China and its development currently.
1: The Quran teaching and learning methods and facilities used.
2: The science of interpretation of the Quran teaching and learning methods and facilities used
3: The Sciences of the Quran teaching and learning methods and facilities used
4: Methodology for the development of teaching the Quran at the College (Ge Dang Dian)
Conclusion
Appendix I: Islamic government institutes and private Colleges and schools
Appendix II: Curriculum and subjects of the College (Ge Dang Dian)
Appendix III: Map People's Republic of China
Annex IV: Map of Henan Province, China
List of sources and references

Chapter one: Structure of proposal

Introduction
Praise is to Allah, and peace and blessings on the master prophets and messengers, our beloved,
our intercessor, our ideal and our leader Muhammad sent as a mercy to the worlds, and his family
and his companions and who follow them in truth until the Day of Judgment.

Teaching the Quran is the noblest work in this life; because it is directly enlightening the minds
of creation with the light of God, and this was confirmed by the Prophet (peace upon him) when
he said: «the best amongst you are the ones who learn Qur'an and teach it to others».

Private Islamic schools were founded in China respectively and its number reached to dozens of
schools, since the Chinese government has issued a new policy of "reform the inside and open to
the world" after the Cultural Revolution, which was in the past (1966-1976AD), and which

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SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

renounced all traditional cultures and religions in Chinese territory, and during that period
religious institutions were closed, and religious books were burned, which caused huge losses to
China in all areas and fields. On the other hand, the College of Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Dian)
was founded in 1992.

This research shows us a brief history of the introduction of Islam in China and its spread and
clarify the historical development of the issue of Islamic mosques education since the Ming
dynasty to the first decade of the twentieth century –the stage of teaching the Quran in Chinas
mosques, here we cannot forget some renowned scholars who was led by Sheikh Imam (Hu
dengzhou) Mohammed Abdullah Elias (1522-1597AD) because he has a great contribution in the
field of teaching Arabic language and the Quran at that time.

The research reveals reform mosques teaching in the era of the National Republic of China,
namely: Islamic education school from 1907 -1949 and Muslim reformer Wang kuan (1848-1919)
founded the Muslim school in 1907.

The research highlights Islamic education during the reform and opening up of China since 1978,
namely: That happened after the Cultural Revolution (1966 -1976 AD) during the reign of the
People's Republic of China. The researcher chose the College of Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Dian)
in China as a model, and she was studying at the College, and she will show us in an objective
historical background to teach the Holy Quran and its Sciences at the College.

There was a new development at the College (Ge Dang Dian) China - and this is called the new
Islamic education -, because the methods and facilities of teaching Quran and Arabic language
has evolved, and the range of teaching Quran and its sciences is different from last time. The
researcher also talks about the problems faced by teachers and students at the College regarding
teaching and learning the Quran.

We ask God Almighty to help us to achieve this objective and to accept us; it is the Hearing, the
Knowing.

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 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AQIDAH, DAKWAH AND SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)
SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

Research importance

There are several aspects emphasize the importance of this research and the statement of benefits,
including: identification of ideas and teaching facilities and methods used in the College (Ge
Dang Dian) in China and this study adopted objective means and methods, for the detection of
the main obstacles and problems faced by teachers and students, the research provide appropriate
solutions also.

The openness of Chinese political, economic and scientific to the world and especially to the
Muslim world, under this condition, china required a lot of qualified Arabic language translators
and diplomatic staffs between China and Islamic world.

The research also concerned about the curriculum and syllabus, this curriculum and syllabus were
based on new education which is from mosques teaching to new Islamic teaching.

Reasons for choosing topic

The motives that the researcher chooses this subject can be summarized as follows:

1. Researcher wants to provide services for religious College by solving the educational
problems faced by students and teachers at the teaching and learning of the Quran.

2. Some of the old teaching facilities were replaced by the modern teaching facilities, and the
explanations of the teaching facilities at the Colleges.

3. Even though many Muslim students graduated from this College but quite few interest to do
research to disclose and report this College.

Research problem

This study attempts to show the introduction of Islam in China and the challenges they faced, and
offer solutions to the problems faced by students and teachers at the College (Ge Dang Dian), and
the study of teaching methods and curricula used in the Institute, Suggestions were provided for
the College in the future development. Contribute a little bit effort to the improvement of the
educational process of the Quran at the College.

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SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

Research questions

Research questions are summarized as follows:

1. When did Islam come to China? Andwhat the role of scholars (men and women) in mosques
education and challenges faced?

2. What is the historical background of the College (Ge Dang Dian)?

3. What materials used for interpretation of the Quran and Sciences of Quran by the College?

4. What are the problems faced by teachers and students at the study and teaching of the Quran?

5. What teaching methods and facilities used in the teaching of the Quran?

6. What are suggestions for the development of Quranic studies at the College (Ge dang dian)?
This institute has produced Muslim generations and they know the Quran and Arabic language
and they service for the Chinese Muslim community in particular and China in general.

Research objectives

Research objectives are summarized in the following:

1. Detect the introduction of Islam to China and the role of scientists (men and women) in the
mosques teaching and the challenges faced.

2. Disclosure of the historical development of teaching the Quran in the College (Ge Dang Dian)
in China.

3. Identify the curriculum of the Quran and its interpretation provided by the College (Ge Dang
Dian).

4. Disclosure of the problems faced by teachers and students when studying and teaching the
Quran.

5. To highlight the educational methods and facilities used by teachers in the teaching of the
Quran and Sciences of Quran and its interpretation.

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SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

6. Produce Muslim generations know the Quran and Arabic language and using them to service
the Chinese Muslim community in particular and China in general.

Research limits

This research will study the Koran teach science curriculum for Muslim students at the College of
Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Diane) in China, and the statement of teaching methods and teaching
aids used basic courses which was followed by the College. This research is limited on the
sciences of Quran, especially the Quranic interpretation, reciting and memorizing the Quran.

Literature review

The researcher looked at previous studies that addressed the topic of teaching the Quran to non-
Arabic speakers and by showing her limited knowledge of that there is no study is concerned
with the subject of this research directly. However, the researcher did not get any study written
on teaching the Quran for Chinese, especially books written by Chinese themselves. The
researcher has found some books and researches related to the topic, for example: teaching the
Quran in Pakistan, in Sudan, in Nigeria and in Chad, all these research are master thesis and their
contents are far from the research topic, because the religion of these countries is Islam, but
China is a socialist country and is ruled by the Chinese Communist Party that does not believe in
any religion. The history of teaching the Quran in these countries is about more than one
thousand years, and because of the Great Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) in China fought
religions and stopped teaching the Quran. The researcher did not find any books, or research, or
an articles talking about the College (Ge Dang Dian) and its curricula and methods of teaching
the Quran.

Contemporary Studies that are related to this topic is as follows:

Fouad Abu Hajaa (2001) wrote ‫ طرق تدريس القرآنيات واإلسالميات وإعدادها باألهداف السلوكية‬He dealt
with the general principles for the teaching of the Holy Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet and the
principles of learning and teaching, and he has stated methods of teaching the Quran and Sunnah,
and teaching methods of the branches of the Quran, then he mentioned religious article and its

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SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

relationship with other articles, and methods of teaching theology, jurisprudence, Hadith and the
Prophet's biography.

And Hamid Abdo Alhoal (1981) wrote ‫التعليم والتعلم في القرآن الكريم‬, he talked about the definition of
teaching from the era of Aristotle to the twentieth century, and the definition of teaching and
learning in Islamic thought, that at Al-Ghazali and at Ikhwan al-Safa. then he mentioned what’s
science and what’s teacher, and the recipes of teacher and the elements of education in the Quran.
These include physical education and training of the mind, and observance of both sides
physical and spiritual.

And also a Chinese Muslim author Dingjun (2006) wrote “studies on teaching Arabic language
in China – past and present”. He stated the status of teaching Arabic language in China before
the twentieth century, the conditions of the existing relations between China and Arabs in the
early years, the spread of Arabic language in China in ancient time, the use of Arabic on the
Mosques teaching among Chinese Muslims, the survey features to the activities of teaching
Arabic language in China in the first half of the twentieth century and the status of the
transmission of teaching Arabic language from mosques to schools. Then he mentioned teaching
Arabic language has moved from private schools to government institutes and universities
successfully and completely in the second half of the twentieth century.

These are some theses, including a PhD thesis, titled: Translations of the Quran to Chinese
language (analytical critical study) by Ma Yu Long Nuh (2013). He addressed eight translators
of Muslims and non-Muslims and their translations on the meanings of the Quran in Chinese,
then statement and critique the errors of translators in explaining Islamic Shariah, ideology,
language and so on .

There is also a master thesis related to the topic of research, titled: Teaching interpretation of
the Quran in secondary schools Tumpat area as a model: evaluation study by Mohammed
Roside bin Abdul Rahman (2008), who defined teaching interpretation of the Quran in four
secondary schools in Tumpat Kelantan. The search begins a statement on the history of Tumpat
and the emergence of four secondary schools in this area, then discusses the methods and means
used in teaching interpretation in order to clarify of the nation's need to and desired goals of

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SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA AKIDAH, DAKWAH DAN SYARIAH 2016 (IRSYAD 2016)

teaching. Finally he presents the results of questionnaires distributed to some students and
teachers about teaching of the Qur'an interpretation in these schools.

After these studies we conclude that the analysis of research “teaching the Quran at the College
of Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Dian) in China is an attempt by the researcher to fill the existing gap
in this field, in order to reveal the positive aspects of these approaches for Chinese Muslims, to
avoid negative aspects and to find appropriate solutions.

In fact, the researcher received a great deal of benefit from these studies, which made
empowered to do this work, on God `s will, and to offer a new thing especially for teachers and
learners of Chinese Muslims and generally in the field of teaching the Quran to non-native
speakers.

Research Methodology

Methodologies followed by the researcher in this research are as follows:

1. Historical method: through introduction of the history of Islam came to China, the emergence
of Mosque education, the history of establishment of the College (Ge Dang Dian) in China and
the study of developments and difficulties experienced by the College.

2. descriptive analytical method: This research describes how to teach the Quran, its sciences
and its interpretation for Muslim students at the College of Islamic Studies (Ge Dang Dian) in
China, shows the ways in teaching the Quran and the courses for students of the College and their
education level, and analyzes the methods and means used by the teachers at the College in order
to build a good teaching and design a good methodology to teach the Quran.

3. Field Approach: researcher will manage dialogue with the director of the College and some
teachers through internet, telephone and letters and ask them some questions about the institute to
see the future trends of the College. The researcher translates some texts from Chinese into
Arabic.

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