Contents vii

3.1 1 b I N E CALCULATIONS
Eramgk 3-10 M i n e emiency
3.12 MULTISTAGE TURBINES
3.13 PUMPSANDCOMPRESSORS
3.14 STRATEGIES FOR APPLYING THE JWTROPY BALANCE
3.15 ADDITIONAL STEADY-STATE EXAMPLES
Exanrple 3.2l Heat pump analysis
Example 3.12 Entropy in a heat exchanger
3.16 UNSTEADY-STATE OPEN SYSTEMS (Optional)
EuzmpIe 3.13 Entropy c h g e in a leaky tank
EuMtple 3.14 An ideal gas leaking through o turbine (unsteady-state)
3.17 THE ENTROPY BALANCE IN BRlEF
3.18 SUMMARY
3.19 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
3.20 HOMEWORK PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 4 TELEBMODYNAMICS OF PROCESSES

4.1 THE CARNOT CYCLE
4.2 THE RANTUNE CYCLE
Euunple 4.1 R a n h e cyck
Example 4.2 Two-phase turbine output
RANiUNE MODIFlCATlONS
Enample 4.3 RanRine with reheat
Exansple 4.4 Regenerative Rankine cyck
4.4 REFRIGERATION
Example 4.5 Refigeration by vapor-compression cycle
LIQUEFACTION
Example 4.6 Liquefacction of m t k by the t i d e process
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Emqk 4.7 Air-standard Bmyton cycle t k d efiiency
Exiunple 4.8 Thermal eficimuy of he Ofto engine
Example 4.9 Thermal efkiency of a Diesel engine
4.7 FLUIDFLOW
4.8 PROBLEM-SOLVINGSTRATEGlES
4.9 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
4.10 HOMEWORK PROBLEMS

UNIT II GENERALIZED ANALYSIS OF

FLUID PROPERTIES
CHAPTER 5 CLASSICAL THERMODYNAMICS-
GENERALIZATION TO ANY FLUID
5. I THE FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTY RELATION
5.2 DERIVATIVE RELATIONS
Example 5.1 Pressure dependence of H
Example 5.2 Entropy change with respect to T a t constant P
Example 5.3 Entropy as a function of T and P
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