Ms 2593-2015 Cidb Original

MALAYSIAN MS 2593:2015
STANDARD
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Temporary construction site workers'

amenities and accommodation -
Code of practice
ICS: 91.040
Descriptors: planning, specification, management, maintenance, temporary workers, amenities,
accommodation
© Copyright 2015
DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA
DEVELOPMENT OF MALAYSIAN STANDARDS
The Department of Standards Malaysia (STANDARDS MALAYSIA) is the national

standards and accreditation body of Malaysia.
The main function of STANDARDS MALAYSIA is to foster and promote standards,

standardisation and accreditation as a means of advancing the national economy, promoting
industrial efficiency and development, benefiting the health and safety of the public,
protecting the consumers, facilitating domestic and international trade and furthering
international cooperation in relation to standards and standardisation.
Malaysian Standards (MS) are developed through consensus by committees which comprise
balanced representation of producers, users, consumers and others with relevant interests,
as may be appropriate to the subject at hand. To the greatest extent possible, Malaysian
Standards are aligned to or are adoption of international standards. Approval of a standard

as a Malaysian Standard is governed by the Standards of Malaysia Act 1996 [Act 549].
Malaysian Standards are reviewed periodically. The use of Malaysian Standards is voluntary
except in so far as they are made mandatory by regulatory authorities by means of
regulations, local by-laws or any other similar ways.
For the purposes of Malaysian Standards, the following definitions apply:
Revision: A process where existing Malaysian Standard is reviewed and updated which
resulted in the publication of a new edition of the Malaysian Standard.
Confirmed MS: A Malaysian Standard that has been reviewed by the responsible
committee and confirmed that its contents are current.
Amendment: A process where a provision(s) of existing Malaysian Standard is altered. The

changes are indicated in an amendment page which is incorporated into the existing
Malaysian Standard. Amendments can be of technical and/or editorial nature.
Technical corrigendum: A corrected reprint of the current edition which is issued to correct
either a technical error or ambiguity in a Malaysian Standard inadvertently introduced either
in drafting or in printing and which could lead to incorrect or unsafe application of the
publication.
NOTE: Technical corrigenda are not to correct errors which can be assumed to have no consequences in the application
of the MS, for example minor printing errors.
STANDARDS MALAYSIA has appointed SIRIM Berhad as the agent to develop, distribute
and sell Malaysian Standards.
For further information on Malaysian Standards, please contact:
Department of Standards Malaysia OR SIRIM Berhad

Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Company No. 367474 - V)
Level 1 & 2, Block 2300, Century Square 1, Persiaran Dato’ Menteri
Jalan Usahawan Section 2, P. O. Box 7035
63000 Cyberjaya 40700 Shah Alam
Selangor Darul Ehsan Selangor Darul Ehsan
MALAYSIA MALAYSIA
Tel: 60 3 8318 0002 Tel: 60 3 5544 6000

Fax: 60 3 8319 3131 Fax: 60 3 5510 8095
http://www.jsm.gov.my http://www.sirim.my
E-mail: central@jsm.gov.my E-mail: msonline@sirim.my
MS 2593:2015
Contents
Page
Committee representation .................................................................................................... iii
Foreword .............................................................................................................................. iv
SECTION 1: SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Objective .................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Normative references................................................................................................ 2
1.4 Terms and definitions................................................................................................ 2
SECTION 2: PLANNING FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES AND

ACCOMMODATION
2.1 General .................................................................................................................... 3

2.2 Types of workplace ................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Amenities for various workplaces .............................................................................. 3
2.4 Proposed typical layout for temporary construction site workers’ amenities and
accommodation……………………………………………………………………………… 4
SECTION 3: SPECIFICATION FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES AND

ACCOMMODATION
3.1 General .................................................................................................................... 5

3.2 Building .................................................................................................................... 5
3.3 Room/dormitory ........................................................................................................ 5
3.4 Sanitary facilities....................................................................................................... 6
3.5 Cooking and dining area ........................................................................................... 8
3.6 Water........................................................................................................................ 8
3.7 Waste disposal ......................................................................................................... 9
3.8 Drainage ................................................................................................................... 9
3.9 Electricity .................................................................................................................. 9
3.10 First aid and medical facilities ................................................................................... 9
3.11 Leisure and social facilities ....................................................................................... 9
3.12 Signage .................................................................................................................. 10
SECTION 4: MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF TEMPORARY WORKERS’

AMENITIES AND ACCOMMODATION
4.1 General .................................................................................................................. 11

4.2 Maintenance of buildings and facilities .................................................................... 12
4.3 Safety and health .................................................................................................... 13
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved i

MS 2593:2015
Contents (continued)
Page
Annex A Normative references ......................................................................................... 17
Annex B Example typical layout for temporary construction site workers’ amenities
and accommodation ........................................................................................... 18
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ 19
ii © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

MS 2593:2015
Committee representation
The Industry Standards Committee on Building, Construction and Civil Engineering (ISC D) under whose authority this
Malaysian Standard was developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations:
Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia

Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia
Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia
Department of Standards Malaysia
Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur
Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers
Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia
Jabatan Kerajaan Tempatan
Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia
Malaysian Timber Council

Malaysian Timber Industry Board
Master Builders Association Malaysia
Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia
Pertubuhan Perancang Malaysia
Projek Lebuhraya Utara-Selatan Berhad
Real Estate and Housing Developers' Association Malaysia
SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat)
Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara
The Cement and Concrete Association of Malaysia
The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
The Technical Committee on Construction Practices which developed this Malaysian Standard is managed by the
Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia in its capacity as an authorised Standards-Writing Organisation
and consists of representatives from the following organisations:
Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia

Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (Secretariat)
Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia
Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia
Master Builders Association Malaysia
Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local Government
Persatuan Kontraktor Melayu Malaysia
Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia
Real Estate and Housing Developers' Association Malaysia
The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia
The Royal Institution of Surveyors, Malaysia
Universiti Malaya
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Co-opted members:
Construction Research Institute of Malaysia

Mass Rapid Transit Corporation Sdn Bhd
MMC Gamuda KVMRT (PDP) Sdn Bhd
Jabatan Tenaga Kerja Semenanjung Malaysia
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved iii

MS 2593:2015
Foreword
This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Construction Practices
under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Building, Construction and Civil
Engineering. Development of this standard was carried out by Construction Industry
Development Board Malaysia which is the Standards-Writing Organisation (SWO) appointed
by SIRIM Berhad to develop standards for construction practices.
Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
iv © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

MS 2593:2015
Temporary construction site workers’ amenities and accommodation -

Code of practice
SECTION 1: SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 Scope
This Malaysian Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the temporary construction
site workers’ accommodation and amenities, encompassing the provision of amenities for
workers engaged in construction works, or activities connected with construction work,
including:
a) sanitary facilities (toilet, washing and drying);
b) cooking and dining facilities;
c) first aid and medical facilities;
d) leisure and social facilities (indoor and outdoor recreation);
e) interfaith facilities;
f) commercial amenities;
g) drinking water;
h) electricity;
i) gas/LPG (liquefied petroleum gas); and
j) storage for tools/personal belonging.
1.2 Objective
The objectives of this standard are:
a) to provide formal description on the requirement for temporary construction workers

amenities;
b) to ensure the welfare, safety, security and health of workers are properly provided and
managed; and
c) to provide a reference and guideline for the provision of workplace amenities and facilities
that are reasonably practicable.
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved 1

MS 2593:2015
1.3 Normative references
The normative references of this standard are listed in Annex A.
1.4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
1.4.1 accommodation
Space provided or made available with decent, safe and hygienic condition to rest and sleep.
1.4.2 amenities
The facilities provided or made available for the welfare of workers while they are at work, which
include toilet, washing facilities (hand washing and shower), dining and changing facilities,
facilities for personal locker, provision of drinking water, rest area and seating.
1.4.3 construction works
The construction, extension, installation, repair, maintenance, renewal, removal, renovation,

alteration, dismantling or demolition works.
1.4.4 employer
Any person who has entered into a contract of service to employ any other person as a worker
and includes the agent, manager and factor of such first-mentioned person.
1.4.5 safety signage
Emergency or danger signs, warning signs or safety instructions that bear standard colours and
sizes in accordance with the specifications for standard colours of sign for safety instructions
and warnings in building premises.
1.4.6 worker
An employee as defined in the first schedule of Employment Act 1955 (Act 265).
1.4.7 workplace
Any construction site, where a worker or self-employed person works and includes any place
such a person goes to while at work.
2 © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

MS 2593:2015
SECTION 2: PLANNING FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES AND

ACCOMMODATION
2.1 General
The employer shall provide and maintain temporary workers’ amenities that are safe and
without risks to health for their workers.
Employer shall ensure that accommodation provided is not overcrowded and does not pose a
risk to the health and safety of those living there, and that any agreed notice periods are
observed.
To fulfil these obligations, the employer shall plan for the provision of workers’ amenities. The
level of amenities required shall depend on the type of workplace.
2.2 Types of workplace
For the purposes of this standard, the workplaces are categorised into three (3) types.
2.2.1 Type 1: Minor construction
This is usually of fixed location, where there are less than 10 workers at a time and with duration
of construction period of less than two years.
2.2.2 Type 2: Major construction
This is usually of fixed location, where there are more than 10 workers at a time and with
duration of construction period more than two years.
2.2.3 Type 3: Off-site workers’ amenities
Workers who live away from construction site, the amenities shall be located as close to the
site as practicably possible.
2.3 Amenities for various workplaces
Table 1 provides examples and summarises the common characteristic and key issues of
different types of workplaces.
Table 1. Types of workplaces
Type of Common
Examples Key issues
workplace characteristics
Type 1: - Small scale - Temporary - Security
Minor construction - Local/foreign workers - Maintenance/housekeeping
construction
- Gender separation - Management
- Safety, health and environment

MS 2593:2015
Table 1. Types of workplaces (continued)
Type of Common
Examples Key issues
workplace characteristics
Type 2: - Commercial - Temporary - Security
Major building - Local/foreign - Maintenance/housekeeping
construction - Engineering workers - Management
construction - Gender separation - Safety, health and
- Multiple residential environment
construction
Type 3: - Rail track line - Temporary or - Security
Off-site workers’ - Bridge permanent - Maintenance/housekeeping
amenities - Tunnel - Local/foreign - Management

- Offshore workers - Safety, health and
construction - Gender separation environment
- Dam - Policy issues
- Urban/city - Transportation to the
development workplace
- Recreational facilities (indoor
and outdoor)
Table 2 summarises the amenities required for each type of workplace. See Sections 3 and 4
for more details as indicated below.
Table 2. Amenities for various workplaces
Type of workplace
Amenity Type 3:
Type 1: Type 2:
Off-site workers’
Minor construction Major construction
amenities
Room Refer to 3.3 Refer to 3.3 Refer to 3.3
Sanitary facilities (toilet,

Refer to 3.4 Refer to 3.4 Refer to 3.4
bathroom)
Cooking and dining
facilities
First aid and medical
facilities
Leisure and social
- - Refer to 3.11
facilities
NOTE. Usage of existing amenities and facilities within or adjacent to the vicinity of the construction
site, or workers’ amenities, may be taken into consideration, where applicable.
Any detailing, drawings or graphic presentations shall be prepared by the employer separately.
2.4 Proposed typical layout for temporary construction site workers’ amenities and
accommodation
Annex B shows the example of typical layout for temporary construction site workers’ amenities
and accommodation for reference and adoption for site construction.

MS 2593:2015
SECTION 3: SPECIFICATION FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES

AND ACCOMMODATION
3.1 General
Ensuring good standards in living facilities is important in order to avoid safety hazards, protect
workers from diseases and illness, and maintain in good repair.
3.2 Building
All buildings shall refer to the relevant provision in the Uniform Building By-Laws 1984 and
Street, Drainage and Building 1974 (Act 133) and other relevant authorities, particularly those,
related to accommodations that are either permanent or transportable.
A living facility shall be built using sufficient materials and always be in good conditions, clean
and free of trash and other wastes. It shall be built in the way that is able to prevent flooding
and other natural disasters, located within a reasonable distance from the worksite (where
possible), free and safe transportation to worksite, adequate materials are kept in good repair,
and clean from rubbish and other refuse.
The employer shall provide and maintain all temporary workers’ amenities and accommodation,
including temporary lighting, plumbing and water storage for workers and staff living on site.
Such accommodation shall be in the form of standard cabins or constructed of metal deck or
other materials. The location of the workers’ amenities shall comply with the regulation of
relevant authorities before the erection. The building shall be devoid of obstructions and
nuisance to the works and public, and also laid out in an approved and orderly manner.
3.3 Room/dormitory
Standard room facilities are essential to allow workers to rest, and the rooms shall be single
gender. Room facilities shall be:
a) kept in good condition;
b) aired and cleaned at regular intervals;
c) provided with lockable doors and windows;
d) provided with mosquito screens, where necessary; and
e) provided with adequate furniture.
3.3.1 Room size
The sleeping area or resting area shall not be less than 3 m2 per worker.
3.3.2 Room height
The height of room shall not be less than 2.4 m.

MS 2593:2015
3.3.3 Bed arrangements
Adequate provision of suitably sized beds is important to provide workers with decent, safe and
hygienic conditions to rest and sleep.
Bed arrangement shall be as follows:
a) separated for each worker;
b) where double-deck bunks are used, there shall be enough clear space between the lower
and upper bunk of the bed. The minimum space range is from 0.70 m to 1.10 m; and
c) each worker is provided with a mattress and pillow.
3.3.4 Personal locker
Personal locker of adequate size shall be provided for storage of personal belongings.
3.3.5 Natural lighting and ventilation
Every room shall be provided with:
a) windows or openings having an aggregate area of not less than 5 % of the floor area of the
room; or
b) mechanical ventilation.
3.4 Sanitary facilities
While it is essential to allow workers to maintain a good standard of personal hygiene, it also
functions to prevent contamination and spread of diseases, which may result from unsanitary
facilities. Sanitary and toilet facilities shall include all of the following:
a) toilet;
b) washbasins; and
c) water baths (kolah).
Sanitary facilities shall be separated for male and female.
3.4.1 Toilet facilities
Toilet facilities shall be conveniently located and easily accessible. All toilet rooms shall be well-
lit, have good ventilation with sufficient hand wash basins with the following requirements.
a) Toilets shall be installed so as to provide adequate privacy and lockable door.
b) Toilets shall be connected to the sewer, where practicable.
c) If connection to a sewer is not practicable, one or more of the following options shall be
adopted:

MS 2593:2015
i) fixed type of portable toilets with on-site holding tank for scheduled desludging; or
ii) fixed type toilet with on-site sewage treatment facilities, adequately provided to
comply with regulated discharged quality.
d) All toilets (connected or not to a sewer) shall be serviced as required.
e) Toilet facilities shall be installed in such manner as to prevent any odours reaching dining
facilities.
The minimum numbers and size of toilet per workers shall be as follows:
a) ≤ 25 males - 1 water closet or latrine and 1.2 m length of urinal;
b) > 25 ≤ 50 males - 2 water closets or latrines and 2.4 m length of urinal;
c) > 50 ≤ 100 males - 3 water closets or latrines and 4.8 m length of urinal;
d) > 100 males - 2 water closets or latrines and 2.4 m length of urinal + 1 additional water
closets or latrines and additional 1.2 m length of urinal for every 50 males in excess;
e) minimum size of latrines or water closets with pedestal-type closet fitting > 1.5 m x 0.75 m;
and
f) minimum size of water-closets with fittings other than pedestal-type closet fitting > 1.25 m
x 0.75 m.
3.4.2 Bathrooms and other sanitary facilities
Adequate space for bathrooms, washing, drying area and other sanitary facilities shall be
provided where:
a) flooring is made of anti-slip hard washable materials;
b) conveniently located;
c) facilities are provided with an adequate water supply;
d) separate bathroom facilities shall be provided with adequate privacy for the exclusive use
of males or females, where both males and females are employed;
e) bathrooms > 1.5 m × 0.75 m (minimum width); and
f) bathroom with closet fitting > 2 m × 0.75 m (minimum width).
3.4.3 Lighting and ventilation of toilet and bathroom
Every water-closet, latrine, urinal or bathroom shall be provided with natural lighting and natural
ventilation by means of ≥ 1 openings, providing a total area of > 0.2 m2 per water-closet, latrine,
urinal or bathroom. Such openings shall be capable of allowing a free, uninterrupted passage
of air.

MS 2593:2015
3.5 Cooking and dining area
Good standards of hygiene in cooking and dining area facilities are crucial. Adequate cooking
facilities and equipment shall be provided. In addition, kitchen, and cooking floors, ceilings and
walls shall be made of easily cleanable materials. The area shall be:
a) built in adequate and easy to clean materials;
b) kept in a clean and sanitary condition; and
c) separated from sleeping areas.

3.5.1 Cooking facilities
Adequate kitchen area shall be provided to the workers. The minimum area of kitchen shall be
not less than 4.5 m2 and the minimum width shall be more than 1.5 m.
Adequate height of kitchen shall be not less than 2.25 m and average height of rooms with
sloping ceiling shall not be less than 2.25 m.
3.5.2 Dining area facilities
An adequate dining area shall be provided for workers. The criteria of a dining area shall fulfil
the following requirements:
a) adequate number of suitable tables and seating shall be provided for eating meals;
b) dining area shall be conducive to the conditions such as:
i) fans;
ii) flow-through ventilation; or
iii) other alternate methods.
c) a sink unit of adequate size, with clean water supply;
d) a suitable space or shelves for storage of workers’ provisions shall be provided such as
for utensils and food; and
e) garbage bins, with removable liners and secure lids shall be provided.
3.6 Water
Water used for consumption shall be obtained directly from the authority that provides main
water supply. It is advisable to have water storage to meet consumption.
Where such water supply is not available, potable water shall be provided from sources
approved by the local authorities. Potable water shall comply with the requirements of the
guidelines issued by the Ministry of Health Malaysia.

MS 2593:2015
3.7 Waste disposal
3.7.1 Sullage (grey water) discharge
Wastewaters generated from kitchen sinks, bathrooms and wet areas shall be adequately
treated prior to discharge in compliance with Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127).
3.7.2 Sewage disposal and sewerage work
The provision of sewerage facilities shall comply with Water Services Industry Act 2006 (Act
655).
The discharge of treated sewage shall comply with Environmental Quality (Sewage)
Regulations 2009.
3.7.3 Solid waste
Handling, transportation and disposal of solid waste by licensed/approved contractors shall

adhere to the requirement of the authority, as stipulated in Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act
127).
3.8 Drainage
The presence of stagnant water shall be avoided to address the proliferation of disease vectors
such as mosquitoes, flies and others, as stipulated in Drainage Works Act 1954 (Act 354). The
building site is adequately drained to avoid the accumulation of stagnant water.
3.9 Electricity
Where workers are provided with housing at their place of employment, it shall be the duty of
the employer to provide adequate electricity supply.
3.10 First aid and medical facilities
Adequate or necessary facilities, as stipulated in Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and
Welfare) Regulations 1970 shall be provided.
3.11 Leisure and social facilities
The employer in any place of employment, where there are not less than 100 workers residing
at the place of employment shall:
a) construct at the aforesaid place of employment within such reasonable time as may be
specified, a community hall capable of accommodating such number of persons as maybe
specified; and
b) provide facilities for sports and other recreational activities as may be specified.
The employer shall maintain the community hall, sports and other recreational facilities
aforesaid in a satisfactory condition.

MS 2593:2015
3.12 Signage
Signs shall be readable and legible, well-illuminated, clear and placed at a consistent height.
The signs shall be made of robust materials and easy to change, clean and repair.
The main types of signs are:
a) orientation signs - sketches, plans, models, etc;
b) directional signs - directional information from point A to B;
c) functional signs - explanatory information;

d) informative signs - purely informative, for example a name; and
e) signs for emergency exits.
Details of signage shall be provided by the employer.

MS 2593:2015
SECTION 4: MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF TEMPORARY

WORKERS’ AMENITIES AND ACCOMMODATION
4.1 General
Once the living facilities have been constructed and are operational, it is essential to ensure
the management is effective and ongoing. This encompasses issues such as the physical
maintenance of buildings, security and consultation with residents and neighbouring
communities in order to ensure the implementation of the housing standards in the long term.
Management and maintenance also include focus on safety, health, security and basic rights
of site workers, as stipulated in Clause 24, Part VI and Clauses 29, 30 and 31, Part VII of
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514).
4.1.1 Temporary construction site workers’ amenities management team
The management shall provide written management plan including management policies or
plans on health and safety, security, living conditions, workers’ rights and representation,
relationships with the communities and grievance processes in accordance to Occupational
Safety and Health 1994 (Act 514) and Workers’ Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities
1990 (Act 446).
The employer shall be responsible for overseeing staffs, ensuring the implementation of the
workers’ amenities requirements and the implementation of the management plans. It is also
important that the employer has the corresponding authority to do so.
Part of those policies and plans can take the form of codes of conduct, which shall specify on
the quality of worker managing and maintaining the workers’ amenities facilities. Good quality
workers shall have a decisive impact on the level of standards that are implemented, and the
wellbeing of workers (for instance, on food safety or overall hygiene standards). It is therefore
important to ensure that management team are competent.
4.1.1.1 Inspection of workers’ amenities
Inspections shall be carried out according to the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of the
management.
The employer shall provide a place of employment to workers and ensure decent environment
such as:
a) the area surrounding the workers’ amenities is kept clear of undergrowth and maintained
in a clean and sanitary condition;
b) the perimeter drains around each dwelling or block of dwelling, including all outlet drains,
are kept in a good state of repair and clear of refuse or undergrowth to permit free flow of
water;
c) all refuse in the workers’ amenities site is collected daily and disposed of satisfactorily; and
d) all communal latrines and bathrooms are kept in a clean, sanitary and working condition.

MS 2593:2015
4.1.2 Management of community relations
It is a good practice to design a thorough community relations management plan. The plan shall
contain the processes to implement the findings of the preliminary community impact
assessment and to identify, manage, mitigate or enhance on-going impacts of the workers’
amenities to the surrounding communities. Issues to be taken into consideration include the
following.
a) Community development: impact of temporary construction site workers’ amenities on

local employment, possibility of enhancing local employment and income generation
through local sourcing of goods and services.
b) Community needs: ways to identify and address community needs related to the arrival of
specific infrastructures such as telecommunication, water sanitation, roads, health care,

education and housing.
c) Community safety and health: addressing and reducing the risk of communicable diseases,
corruption, trade in illegal substances such as drugs, alcohol (in the Muslim context), petty
crimes and other types of violence as well as road accidents.
d) Community social and cultural cohesion: ways to mitigate the impact of the presence of
large numbers of foreign workers, often males, with different cultural and religious
backgrounds. Also, the ways to mitigate possible shift in social, economic and political
structures due to changes in access to income generation opportunities.
4.1.3 Workers’ rights, rules and regulations on workers’ amenities
Every worker has the right to decent temporary construction site workers’ amenities. Rules and
regulations shall be reasonable and non-discriminatory. The relationship between continuing
employment and compliance with the rules of the workers’ amenities shall be clear. Best
practice might include a code of conduct relating to the amenities to be signed together with
the contract of employment.
Workers’ gender, religions, cultural and social backgrounds respected. Workers shall be made
aware of their rights and obligations, and shall be provided with a copy of the internal workers’
amenities, rules, procedures and sanction mechanisms in a language or through a media,
which they understand.
A fair and non-discriminatory procedure shall be established to implement disciplinary

procedures including the right of workers to defend them. The rules and regulations set by the
employer shall be obeyed.
4.2 Maintenance of buildings and facilities
Where workers are provided with accommodation and facilities at their place of employment, it
shall be the duty of the employer to ensure the buildings and facilities be:
a) kept in a good state of repair;
b) well-maintained security and access control system;
c) painted to present a satisfactory appearance;

MS 2593:2015
d) provided with service schedules and alternative arrangements in case facilities are out of
order;
e) ensured that no unauthorised extensions or structural alterations are made to the buildings;
and
f) provided with policy and maintenance plan.
Maintenance in temporary construction site workers’ amenities provision is as stipulated in

Workers’ Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities Act 1990 (Act 446).
4.3 Safety and health

The employer shall manage the temporary construction site workers’ amenities in order to
ensure workers’ physical wellbeing and integrity. The facilities shall be kept in good condition
and adequate safety, health policy and plan are designed and implemented, as stipulated in
Part II of Workers’ Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities Act 1990 (Act 446) and Part
IV of Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514).
The requirements aspect for safety and health on site shall be as follows:
a) safety and health management plans include electrical, mechanical, and structural and food
safety are carefully designed and implemented;
b) the person in charge of managing the temporary construction site workers’ amenities has
the specific duty to report to the health authorities the outbreak of any contagious diseases,
food poisoning and other important casualties;
c) an adequate number of workers are trained to provide first aid;
d) a specific fire safety plan is prepared, including training of fire wardens, periodic testing and
monitoring of fire safety equipment and periodic drills;
e) guidance on the detrimental effects from the abuse of alcohol and drugs and other
potentially harmful substances, and the risk and concerns relating to HIV/AIDS and of other
health risk-related activities is provided to workers. It is of best practice to develop a clear
policy on this issue;
f) workers have access to adequate preventive measures such as contraception (condoms,

in particular) and mosquito nets;
g) workers have easy access to medical facilities and medical staff. Where possible, female
doctors/nurses shall be available for female workers; and
h) emergency plans on health and fire safety are prepared. Depending on the local context,
additional emergency plans are prepared as needed to handle specific occurrences
(earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, if applicable).
4.3.1 Safety committee
The temporary construction site workers’ amenities, which has 40 or more workers, shall
establish a safety committee for the purpose of keeping under review conditions in the area,
which may affect the safety and health of the workers therein.

MS 2593:2015
The safety committee shall consist of a senior member of the employer staff at site, the site
safety supervisor, the contractor’s safety supervisors and such other worker who are appointed
as members, as stipulated in Occupational Safety and Health 1994 (Act 514).
The employer may appoint first aiders who are equipped with skills that range from basic
expired air resuscitation (EAR) or cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to being able to provide
more complex treatment.
Safety committee shall be familiar with the specific conditions and hazards at the workplace
and the types of injuries that are likely to require treatment. The number of safety committee at
a workplace and the level of training that is needed shall be determined according to the
hazards identified at the workplace and the assessed risks.
The safety committee shall meet at least once in every three months in accordance with
Occupational Safety and Health 1994 (Act 514).
4.3.2 Fire safety, protection and evacuation
The employer shall provide portable firefighting equipment and small hose lines as specified by
the Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia for each 280 m2 of the protected building area or
major fraction.
The travel distance from any point of the protected area to the nearest fire extinguisher shall
not exceed 30 m. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the portable fire extinguishers, the
equipment shall be inspected periodically and maintained in accordance with the requirements
of Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia.
Portable extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with the relevant codes of practice and
shall be sited in prominent positions on exit routes that are visible from all directions, and similar
extinguishers in a building shall be of the same method operation as stipulated in Uniform
Building By-Laws 1984.
Detecting and extinguishing fire equipment shall be provided according to the requirement as
follows:
Every building shall be provided with firefighting equipment together with illuminated exit signs.
Depending on the size and location of the building and the provision of access for fire
appliances, additional firefighting equipment shall be provided as required by Fire and Rescue
Department of Malaysia.
Any details shall be prepared by the employer separately.
4.3.3 Security of workers’ amenities and accommodation
The security of workers and their properties on the temporary construction site workers’
amenities is of key importance to the employer. A security plan shall be carefully designed,
including appropriate measures to protect workers against theft and attacks. Policies regarding
the use of force (force can only be used for preventive and defensive purposes in proportion to
the nature and the extent of the threat) shall be carefully designed. It may be necessary to
contract security services or to recruit one or several staff, whose main responsibility is to
provide security to safeguard workers and property to implement those plans. It is necessary
to assess the risks of such arrangements to those within and outside the temporary site workers’
amenities.

MS 2593:2015
The requirements of security of workers’ accommodation are as follows:
a) implementation of a security plan including clear measures to protect workers against theft
and attack, and clear policies on the use of force which has been carefully designed;
b) security staff have been checked to ensure that they have not been implicated in any
previous crimes or abuses. Where appropriate, security staff from both genders are
recruited;
c) security staff have a clear mandate and receive clear instruction about their duties and
responsibilities; in particular their duties are not to harass, intimidate, discipline or
discriminate against workers;
d) security staff have received adequate training in dealing with domestic violence and the
use of force;
e) security staff have a good understanding about the importance of respecting workers’
rights and the rights of the communities;
f) body searches are only allowed in specific circumstances and are performed by specially
trained security staff using the least-intrusive means possible. Pat down searches on
female workers can only be performed by female security staff;
g) security staff adopt an appropriate conduct towards workers and communities; and
h) workers and members of the surrounding communities have specific means to raise
concerns about security arrangement and staff.
4.3.4 Consultation and grievance mechanisms
All workers shall be made aware of any rules governing the temporary site workers’ amenities
and the consequences of breaking such rules. Consultation processes that allow for
consultation between employer and the workers shall assist in the smooth running of the
temporary site workers’ amenities area. These may include the temporary site workers’
amenities group leader as well as formal processes that allow workers to lodge any grievances
about their accommodation.
The employer shall be responsible to set up the consultation and grievance mechanisms.
The characteristics of consultation and grievance mechanisms are as follows:
a) mechanisms for workers’ consultation have been designed and implemented. It is of best
practice to set up a review committee, which includes representatives elected by workers;
b) processes and mechanisms for workers to articulate their grievances are provided to
workers;
c) workers who are subjected to disciplinary proceedings arising from behaviour in the
temporary site workers’ amenities shall have access to a fair and transparent hearing with
the possibility to contest decisions and refer the dispute to independent arbitration or
relevant public authorities;

MS 2593:2015
d) in case where conflicts between workers themselves or between workers and staff break
out, workers have the possibility of easily accessing a fair conflict resolution mechanism;
and
e) in case where more serious offences occur, including serious physical or mental abuse,
there are mechanisms to ensure full cooperation with the police authority (where necessary
and adequate).

MS 2593:2015
Annex A
(normative)
Normative references
The following normative references are indispensable for the application of this standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the normative reference (including any amendments) applies.
Drainage Works Act 1954 (Act 354)

Employment Act 1955 (Act 265)
Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127)
Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009
Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations 1970
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514)
Street, Drainage and Building 1974 (Act 133)
Uniform Building By-Laws 1984
Water Services Industry Act 2006 (Act 655)
Workers’ Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities Act 1990 (Act 446)

18
MS 2593:2015
Annex B
(informative)
Example of typical layout for temporary construction site workers’ amenities and accommodation
Dimension in millimetres
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved
Figure B.1. Example of typical layout for temporary construction site workers’ amenities and accommodation
MS 2593:2015
Bibliography
[1] Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia (Amendment) Act 2011 (Act
A1407)
[2] Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139)
[3] Sewerage Services Act 1993 (Act 508)
[4] Guideline for Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) specification and OSH schedule of
prices, Construction Industry Development Board, 2012
[5] Standards specifications for building works 2014, Section A, Jabatan Kerja Raya
Malaysia
[6] Amenities for construction work - Code of practice 1997, Work cover NSW health and
safety code of practice 1997, Australia
[7] Building Control Act (Chapter 29), Use of buildings under construction as workers’
quarters, Regulation 2008, No. S 636, Singapore
[8] Code of practice on environmental health, National Environment Agency,

November 2005, Singapore
[9] Codes of practice: First aid facilities and services, Workplace amenities and facilities,
Personal protective clothing and equipment 2002, Commission for occupational safety
and health, Australia
[10] Guidelines for workplace amenities and accommodation, Work Cover Corporation,
Australia
[11] Workers’ accommodation: processes and standards. A guidance note by International

Finance Corporation (IFC) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(EBRD)

Acknowledgements
Members of Technical Committee on Construction Practices
Ir Noraini Bahri (Chairman) Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia

Mr Chuang Kuang Hong/ Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia
Ms Nur Mastura Sahran (Secretary)
Ir Patrick C. Augustin Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia
Ir Mukhtar Che Ali/ Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia
Mr Sazali Che Amat/
Mr Ibrahim Yusoff
Ar Thulasaidas Sivasubramaniam Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia

Mr Ong Ka Thiam Master Builders Association Malaysia
Mr Syamsul Amri Mohd Ishak Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local
Government
Ir Kamaruddin Mohd Salleh/ Persatuan Kontraktor Melayu Malaysia
Ir Jamaludin Non
Ar Jasmin Kamarudin Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia
Ir Tiah Oon Ling Real Estate and Housing Developers’ Association
Malaysia
Ir Tu Yong Eng/ The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia
Ir Gunasagaran Kristnan
Sr Amnah Mohd Salleh The Royal Institution of Surveyors, Malaysia
Prof Ir Dr Mohd Zamin Jumaat Universiti Malaya
Ir Dr Raizal Saifulnaz Muhammad Universiti Putra Malaysia
Rashid
Co-opted members
Ir Dr Zuhairi Abd Hamid/ Construction Research Institute of Malaysia

Ms Maria Zura Mohd Zain/
Ms Nurulhuda Mat Kilau/
Ms Ihfasuziella Ibrahim
Mr Syed Mahdhar Syed Hussain/ Mass Rapid Transit Corporation Sdn Bhd
Mr Haliman Othman/
Mr Zarif Zainul/
Mr Mohd Yusof Kasiron
Mr Adil Putra Ahmad/ MMC Gamuda KVMRT (PDP) Sdn Bhd
Mr Mohd Fuad Omar
Mr Madanjit Singh Jabatan Tenaga Kerja Semenanjung Malaysia
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

© Copyright 2015
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm,
without permission in writing from the Department of Standards Malaysia.

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MALAYSIAN MS 2593:2015

Temporary construction site workers'

The Department of Standards Malaysia (STANDARDS MALAYSIA) is the national

The main function of STANDARDS MALAYSIA is to foster and promote standards,

Standards are aligned to or are adoption of international standards. Approval of a standard

For the purposes of Malaysian Standards, the following definitions apply:

Amendment: A process where a provision(s) of existing Malaysian Standard is altered. The

For further information on Malaysian Standards, please contact:

Department of Standards Malaysia OR SIRIM Berhad

Tel: 60 3 8318 0002 Tel: 60 3 5544 6000

Committee representation .................................................................................................... iii

SECTION 1: SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 1

SECTION 2: PLANNING FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES AND

2.1 General .................................................................................................................... 3

SECTION 3: SPECIFICATION FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES AND

3.1 General .................................................................................................................... 5

SECTION 4: MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF TEMPORARY WORKERS’

4.1 General .................................................................................................................. 11

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved i

Annex A Normative references ......................................................................................... 17

ii © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia

Malaysian Timber Council

Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia

Construction Research Institute of Malaysia

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved iii

iv © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

Temporary construction site workers’ amenities and accommodation -

SECTION 1: SCOPE AND GENERAL

a) sanitary facilities (toilet, washing and drying);

b) cooking and dining facilities;

c) first aid and medical facilities;

d) leisure and social facilities (indoor and outdoor recreation);

i) gas/LPG (liquefied petroleum gas); and

j) storage for tools/personal belonging.

The objectives of this standard are:

a) to provide formal description on the requirement for temporary construction workers

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved 1

1.3 Normative references

The normative references of this standard are listed in Annex A.

1.4 Terms and definitions

1.4.3 construction works

The construction, extension, installation, repair, maintenance, renewal, removal, renovation,

1.4.5 safety signage

2 © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

SECTION 2: PLANNING FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES AND

2.2 Types of workplace

2.2.1 Type 1: Minor construction

2.2.2 Type 2: Major construction

2.2.3 Type 3: Off-site workers’ amenities

2.3 Amenities for various workplaces

Table 1. Types of workplaces

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved 3

Table 1. Types of workplaces (continued)

amenities - Tunnel - Local/foreign - Management

Table 2. Amenities for various workplaces

Sanitary facilities (toilet,

4 © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2015 - All rights reserved

SECTION 3: SPECIFICATION FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS’ AMENITIES

related to accommodations that are either permanent or transportable.

a) kept in good condition;

b) aired and cleaned at regular intervals;

c) provided with lockable doors and windows;