Abdessattar Ettaieb

2018-2019
At the end of this chapter you will be able to:
 Define Web Application Architecture
 Identify the Web Application Architecture types
 Identify the Web Application Architecture components
Web Application Architecture is a framework that connects the different
web application elements, such as middleware systems, user interfaces,
and databases.

Web Application Architecture main goal is to make sure that all of the web
application elements can operate together correctly.

Web Application Architecture is the backbone of Internet.

The Client (web browser):
Deals with the application performance of interaction with the client. It is
functioning applying JavaScript, HTML or CSS.
It doesn’t require any adaptations for the operating system.
The Server:
The server manages the application. The are a variety of languages to use:
Ruby, Node.js, Python, .Net, PHP They will help to manage data persistence
and business logic.
The Database Server:
The database server stores consistent information related to the application.
In addition, the web application can also help the application server to
stream any other data.
Server-side HTML is the most common and oldest web application architecture
pattern.
It has the highest linkability because HTML-content of the server is sent to one
URL by default.
Usability and performance: large amount of information is transferred between
the server and the user which decreases the performance and makes this
architecture not recommended for mobile use.
Scalability issues due to large data transfer.
Real-time updates are not possible due to low performance.
AJAX is an evolution of the Server-Side architecture.
Pages consist of Widgets where data can be loaded separately.
Usability is increased as the amount of data transferred decreased.
Information are cached on the server and can be easily displayed to client.
high-performance of AJAX requires the use of web service on the server side
and JavaScript frameworks on the client side.
SPA is a dynamic framework that updates and existing page without loading
totally new pages from the server. Applications request only needed data.
AJAX, Asynchronous JavaScript, and XML are the foundation of the page
communication.
SPA allows the user to continue interaction with the page while new elements are
updated.
Microservice architecture is a style that structures an application as a collection
of services. Those services are:
Highly maintainable and testable
Loosely coupled
Independently deployable
Organized around business capabilities.
The microservice architecture enables a continuous delivery/deployment of
large, complex applications.
Depends on third-party services provided by a separate vendor.
Permits to focus on the application rather than infrastructure.
Has a reduced cost.
It’s event-driven – functions can be invoked directly.
It’s scalable as many functions can be instanciated and run in parallel.