Namakkal Abutment - Open 15.4.2016 FINAL

2- laning of SH -95 from km 13 Design of Bridges
to 2/279 of Mohannur-Namakkal road Design of Abutment for Bridge No: 2/279
New Construction of additional 2- Lane bridge on Nala Odai -1 at

Km 2+279 of Mohanur - Namakkal of SH-95
Design of Abutment and foundation for A1 & A2
Bridge No : 2+279
1. Introduction :-
This design note contains design of Abutment foundation, Abutment wall, Abutment cap,
dirt wall, Flywing Wall and Return Wall.
2. Brief Description of Structure:-
Abutment foundation:-
Foundation for the Abutment is envisaged to be open foundation is proposed to rest at
soft rock strata at a depth of 4.00m below bed level wtih bed protection.
Abutment wall:
Abutment wall is envisaged to be solid R.C.C wall with cantilever action. The loads acting
on abutment wall are earth pressure and live load surcharge pressure. In addition to
dead load of superstructure & live load.
Return wall and counterfort for return wall:-

Return wall be designed as a simply supported RCC wall supported in between the
abutment wall and counterfort for return wall.
3. Design Parameters:-
The design parameters shall be as follows:-
* DL = Self weight of structure

* LL = Class A - 2 lane (or) Class 70 R Tracked (or) Class 70 R Wheeled
* Earth Pressure = Soil Properties:-
f = 30 0 d = 2/3 x 30 = 20 0
gsat = 18 KN/ M 3
* Live Load surcharge = Equivalent to 1.2m height of Earth fill = 1.2 x 18 = 21.6 kn/m2
*Wind Forces - Considered as per clause - 209 of IRC: 6-2014
NOTE:-
This design calculation is only applicable for both side safety kerb & both sides crash
barrier - type super structure.
Mohanur - Namakkal Mukesh Associates

2- laning of SH -95 from km 13 Design of Bridges
to 2/279 of Mohannur-Namakkal road Design of Abutment for Bridge No: 2/279
This design calculation is only applicable for both side safety kerb & both sides crash
barrier - type super structure.
Mohanur - Namakkal Mukesh Associates

4- laning of NH -45 from km 333/000 Design of Bridges
to 421/273 of Trichy-Dindigul road Design of Abutment for Bridge No: 388/3
Input data's:
Sl. No Description Normal case Seismic case
1 Formation Level 122.460
2 Top of deck slab excluding wearing coat 122.395
3 Bottom of deck 121.500 (outer side)
4 Top of Abutment cap 121.500
5 Top of Abutment stem 121.200
6 H.F.L 120.600
7 Founding Level 113.889
8 Bed Level 117.889
9 Safe Bearing Capacity 300 Kn / m2
10 Grade of Concrete fck 30 N/mm2
11 Grade of Steel fy 500.000 N/mm2
12 Unit weight of Concrete(Dry) 25 kn / m2

Unit weight of Concrete(Wet) 14 kn / m2
Unit weight of Concrete(PCC) 22 kn / m2
13 C/C of Expansion Joint 8.00 m
14 Thickness of wearing coat 65 mm
15 Width of the super structure & abutment 12.90 m

Width of the foundation 12.90 m
16 Unit weight of earth (Dry) 18 Kn /m3
TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

Unit weight of earth (Wet) - (cl-710.4.7 ) 10 Kn/m3
17 Live Load Surcharge Pressure 1.200 m height of earth fill.

18 Co efficient of Friction (cl-211.5.1.1 (ii) ) 0.500
19 Depth of slab 0.65 m on outer edge
20 Nature of crossing Skew
Skew Cos Sin

20 0.940 0.342
21 Width of carriageway 10.500 m

340 220 200

2000 500
Road Top Level 122.46
600 300 Thick
1333
150 300
TO
150 760
HFL -
4250
Bed Level
117.889
300
900 1200
4250 610 3000

7860
SECTION AA
4250 610 3000
600
1800
11700
12900 A
500

300
600

B.O.D 121.500
121.500
121.200
788.91
120.600
115.089
900 113.889


Self Weight of Super structure:
Weight of Deck Slab :
0.65
12.90
Weight of Deck Slab = 8.00 x 0.65 x 25 x 12.90
= 1677 KN/m
Weight per support = 838.5 KN
Crash barrier:-
Area = 0.31 m 2
= 0.31 x 25 = 7.75 KN / m
Total weight of crash barrier / support = 7.75 x 8.00 x 2 / 2 = 62 KN / su
Safety Kerb:-
0.275 + 0.225 x 1.25 x 8.00 x 25 = 62.5 KN

2
Total weight of safety kerb / support = 62.5 X 2 = 62.5 KN / support

2
Wearing coat:
= 0.065 x 22 x 10.5 x 8.00 = 60.06 KN / support

2
Total reaction on Abutment = 838.50 + 62 + 62.5 + 60.06
= 1023.06 KN / support

KN / support

Cos 20 = 0.94
Sin 20 = 0.342
II) Calculation of restoring moment at bottom of foundation :- LWL/DRY condition
S.N Vertical Eccentricity

Description of Load
o Load(KN) about toe (m)
1 (DL + SDL) from super structure 1023.06 3.008
2 Weight of dirt wall:-

0.340 x 0.471 x 12.90 x 25 51.65 3.375
3 Weight of abutment cap:-

0.760 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 96.68 3.177
2
0.610 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 77.60 3.107

2
0.5 x 0.15 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 9.54 3.440

2
4 Weight of abutment wall:(above bedlevel)

3.311 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 25 651.36 3.110
5 Weight of abutment wall:(below bedlevel)

2.800 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 25 550.83 3.110
6 Weight of return wall:-(above bedlevel)

4.250 x 4.571 x 0.600 x 2 x 25 582.80 5.391
7 Weight of return wall:-(below bedlevel)

4.250 x 2.800 x 0.600 x 2 x 25 357.00 5.391
0.5 x 0.300 x 4.250 x 0.600 x 2 x 25 0.77 6.057
8 Weight of counterfort for Return wall: -(above LWL)
0.300 + 1.194 x 4.571 + 4.571 x 2 x 0.500 23.90 7.153

2 2 x 25 - 18
9 Weight of counterfort for Return wall: -(below LWL)
1.194 + 1.800 x 3.100 + 4.000 x 2 x 0.500 21.26 7.153

2 2 x 14 - 10
10 Weight of flywing wall :-
0.600 + 1.933 x 2.000 x 0.300 x 2 x 25 38.00 8.163

2
11 Weight of base slab:-(below bedlevel)

7.860 x 12.900 x 0.900 x 14 1277.56 3.694
0.610 x 12.900 x 0.300 x 14 33.05 3.107
0.500 x 4.250 x 0.300 x 14 x 12.900 115.13 4.725
0.500 x 3.000 x 0.300 x 14 x 12.900 81.27 1.880

12 Weight of back side earth:-(above bedlevel)

4.250 x 11.700 x 18 x 4.571 4091.27 5.391
13 Weight of back side earth:-(below bedlevel)

4.250 x 11.700 x 10 x 2.800 1392.30 5.391
0.500 x 0.300 x 4.250 x 11.700 x 10 74.59 6.057
14 Weight of front side earth:-(below bedlevel)

3.000 x 12.900 x 2.800 x 10 1083.60 1.410
0.500 x 0.300 x 3.000 x 12.900 x 10 58.05 0.940
0.600 x 3.000 x 12.900 x 22.000 510.84 1.410
Without front side earth:- 10549.62
With front side earth:- 12202.11

Self weight of abutment and foundation :-
DL + SDL + Self weight (scour alround) 4991.46
Total abutment weight 3968.40
Total Soil Weight 7210.65
Total front side earth 1652.49
Total back side earth 5558.16

Restoring
Moment (Kn
- m)
3077.36
174.32
307.15
241.10
32.82
2025.73
1713.08
3141.87
1924.59
4.66
170.96
152.07

310.19
4719.31
102.68
543.99
152.79

22056.04
7505.89
451.79
1527.88
54.57
720.28
48808.39
51111.12
45731.03
48033.76
18794.67
15717.31
32316.45
2302.73
30013.72

Cos 20 = 0.94
Sin 20 = 0.342
III) Calculation of restoring moment at bottom of foundation :- HFL condition

Eccentri
S.N Vertical city
Description of Load
o Load(KN) about
toe (m)

0.340 x 0.471 x 12.9 x 25 51.650 3.375

0.760 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 96.68 3.177
2
0.610 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 77.60 3.107

2
0.5 x 0.15 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 9.54 3.440

2
4 Weight of abutment wall:- (above HFL)

0.600 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 25 118.04 3.107
5 Weight of abutment wall:- (below HFL)

5.511 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 14 607.12 3.107
6 Weight of return wall:-(above HFL)

4.250 x 1.860 x 0.600 x 2 x 25 237.150 5.391
7 Weight of return wall:-(below HFL)

4.250 x 5.511 x 0.600 x 2 x 14 393.490 5.391
0.5 x 0.300 x 4.250 x 0.600 x 2 x 14 0.770 6.057
8 Weight of counterfort for Return wall: -(above HFL)
0.300 + 0.664 x 1.860 + 1.86 x 2 x 0.500 6.28 7.153

2 2 x 25 - 18
9 Weight of counterfort for Return wall: -(below HFL)
0.664 + 1.800 x 5.811 + 6.711 x 2 x 0.500 30.85 7.153

2 2 x 14 - 10

10 Weight of flywing wall :-
0.600 + 1.933 x 2.000 x 0.300 x 2 x 25 38.000 8.163

2
11 Weight of base slab:-(below HFL)

7.860 x 12.900 x 0.900 x 14 1277.56 3.694
0.610 x 12.900 x 0.300 x 14 33.05 3.107
0.500 x 4.250 x 0.300 x 14 x 12.900 115.13 4.725
0.500 x 3.000 x 0.300 x 14 x 12.900 81.27 1.880

12 Weight of back side earth:-(above HFL)

4.250 x 11.700 x 18 x 1.860 1664.79 5.391
13 Weight of back side earth:-(below HFL)

4.250 x 11.700 x 10 x 5.511 2740.34 5.391
0.500 x 0.300 x 4.250 x 11.700 x 10 74.59 6.057
14 Weight of front side earth:-(below HFL)

3.000 x 12.900 x 5.511 x 10 2132.76 1.410
0.500 x 3.000 x 0.300 x 12.900 x 10 58.050 0.940
0.600 x 3.000 x 12.900 x 22.000 510.84 1.410

Self weight of abutment and foundation :-
DL + SDL + Self weight (scour alround) 4197.24
Total abutment weight 3174.18
Total Soil Weight 7181.37
Total Front side earth 2701.65
Total Back side earth 4479.72

Restoring
Moment
(Kn - m)
3077.36
174.32
307.15
241.10
32.82
366.75
1886.32
1278.48
2121.30
4.66
44.92
220.67

310.19
4719.56
102.68
543.99
152.79

8974.88
14773.17
451.79
3007.19
54.57
720.28
39784.90
43566.94
36707.54
40489.58
15585.06
12507.70
27981.88
3782.04
24199.84

LWL/DRY condition (Normal case)

IV) Calculation of transverse moment due to dead load and super imposed dead load:-
12.900
0.45 10.500 0.45

0.75 0.75
12.900
0.6 11.700 0.6
12.900
NOTE:- The following calculations are applicable for outer side projection of foundation and also
for the one side returnwall on outer side condition.
For foundation :-
MT due to dead load of super structure = 1023.06x 0.000 = 0.00 Kn.m
MT due to crash barrier = 62.00 x 6.255 - 6.255 = 0.00 Kn.m
MT due to wearing coat = 60.06 x 0 = 0 Kn.m
MT due to safety kerb = 62.50 x 0.000 = 0.00 Kn.m
MT due to sefl weight of dirt wall, = 1350.52 x 0.00 = 0.00 Kn.m

abutment cap&abutment wall
MT due to earth on back side = 5558.16 x 0.00 = 0.00 Kn.m

MT due to return wall = 470.29 x 6.150 - 6.150 = 0.00 Kn.m
MT due to flywing wall = 19.00 x 6.3 - 6.3 = 0.00 Kn.m

= =
Net moment due to permenant load = 0.00 - 0.00 = 0.00

For abutment :-
MT due to dead load of super structure = 1023.06 x 0.000 = 0.00 Kn.m
Net moment due to permenant load = 0.00 - 0.00 = 0.00 Kn.m

Kn.m

HFL condition (Normal case)

V) Calculation of transverse moment due to dead load and super imposed dead load:-
11.500
0.5
0.75 10.500 0.5
12.900
0.6 11.700 0.6
12.900
NOTE:- The following calculations are applicable for outer side projection of foundation and also
for the one side returnwall on outer side condition.
For foundation :-
MT due to sefl weight of dirt wall, = 873.49 x 0.00 = 0.00 Kn.m

pedestal,abutment cap&abutment wall
MT due to earth on back side = 4405.13 x 0.00 = 0.00 Kn.m
MT due to return wall = 315.71 x 6.150 - 6.150 = 0.00 Kn.m

MT due to flywing wall = 19.00 x 6.3 - 6.3 = 0.00 Kn.m

= x =
Net moment due to permenant load = 0.00 - 0.00 = 0.00

For abutment :-
Net moment due to permenant load = 0.00 - 0.00 = 0.00 Kn.m


Kn.m

VI) Calculation of maximum live load Reaction and tranverse moment at bottom of foundation:-
I) Class A - 2 lane:-
Cos 20 =
Sin 20 =
114 x 2 114 X 2 68 X 2
1.2 4.3 2.26 m

1
0.2 7.56
RA RB
Taking moment about A, RB = 119.47 Kn RA = 472.53 Kn
Restoring moment, MR = 472.53 x 3.008 = 1421.37 Kn.m
1.8 1.7 1.8

0.4
0.5 0.75 11.15 m 0.75

4.300 m
6.45 m
Transverse Eccentricity = 2.150 M (or) 2.150 m (Square)
2.287 M (or) 2.287 m (Skew)
Transverse moment, M t = 472.5 x 2.287 = 1080.79 - 0.00 = 1080.79
= 472.5 x 2.287 = 1080.79 + 0.00 = 1080.79
ii) 70 R wheeled: -
170 170 170 170 0

1.970
1.37 m 3.05 1.37 0 0
1.17 m
0.2 m 7.56 0.20 m
RA RB
Taking moment about A RB = 242.41 Kn RA = 437.59 Kn

Restoring Moment, MR = 437.59 x 3.008 = 1316.27 Kn.m

1.63 1.93
0.5
0.75 11.15 m 0.75
3.845 m
6.45 m
Transverse Eccenctricity = 2.605 m (or) 2.605 m (Square)
= 2.771 m (or) 2.771 m (Skew)
Transverse moment, MT = 437.59 x 2.771 = 1212.68 - 0.00 = 1212.7 Kn.m
= 437.59 x 2.771 = 1212.68 + 0.00 = 1212.7 Kn.m
iii) Class - 70 R Tracked
4.57 m
700 Kn
2.285 m 2.285 m
2.085 m 0.20
0.2 7.56 m
RA RB
Taking moment about A RB = 193.06 Kn RA = 506.94 Kn
Restoring moment, MR = 506.94 x 3.008 = 1524.88 Kn.m
0.5 1.620 2.060
3.900 m
6.45 m
Transverse Eccentrcity = 2.550 m (or) 2.550 m (Square)
= 2.713 m (or) 2.713 m (Skew)
Transverse moment = 506.940 x 2.713 = 1375.21 - 0.00 = 1375.21
= 506.940 x 2.713 1375.21 + 0.00 = 1375.21


Reaction and tranverse moment at bottom of foundation:-
0.940
0.342
0.20
0.5
Kn.m
Kn.m


0.5
Kn.m
Kn.m
Kn.m
Kn.m

IX) Computation of Earth Pressure:-

Ref code IRC 6-2014, cl 214.1.1
Properties of Soil :-
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 30 0
a = Angle of taper at backside of Stem = 0 0
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (f/3*2) = 20 0
i = Surcharge Angle. = 0 0
Safe Bearing Capacity of Founding Strata = 350 kN/m3
Vide Cl:5.7.1 of substructure code.
Factor of Safety Ref code IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.4

Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 2 For Normal Condition
Overturning Moment 1.5 Under Seismic Condition
Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5 For Normal Condition
Horizontal Force 1.25 Under Seismic Condition
m = Coefficient of Friction = 0.7 Assumed for Rock Stratas

Calculation of Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure for inclined back fills .

Based on Substructure Code Ref code IRC 78-2014
Ground Surface Line
i
a f Line
f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 30 = 0.524

a = Angle of taper at backside of Retaining wall = 0= 0
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (f2/3) = 20 = 0.349
i = Surcharge Angle. = 0= 0
Ka1 = Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure.
= Cos2 (f - a) 2
Cos2 ( a ) x Cos ( a + d ) 1 + Sin ( f + d ) x Sin ( f - I )
Cos ( a + d ) x Cos ( a - I )
= 0.75
1x 0.9396926 x 2.68448
Ka1 = 0.29731
KaH = 0.27938 KaV = 0.10169
Kp1 = 0.75
1x 0.9396926 x 0.13073
Kp1 = 6.10536
Calculation of Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure for Vertical back fills .

Degrees Radians
f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 30 = 0.524
a = Angle of taper at backside of Retaining wall = 0= 0
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (f2/3) = 20 = 0.349
i = Surcharge Angle. = 0= 0
Ka2 = Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure.
= Cos2 (f - a) 2
Cos2 ( a ) x Cos ( a + d ) 1 + Sin ( f + d ) x Sin ( f - I )
Cos ( a + d ) x Cos ( a - I )
= 0.75
1x 0.9396926 x 2.68448

Ka2 = 0.29731
KaH = 0.27938 KaV = 0.10169

IX) Computation of Earth Pressure:-
I) Normal case:-
Co - officient of earth pressure is computed using columb's formula as follows:
ka= Sin2 (b + f)
Sin2 b sin ( b - d) sin ( f + d) sin ( f - a) 2
1+
sin ( b -d) sin ( a + b)
In the Present case,
b= 90 [ The earth face of abutment being vertical]
a= 0 [ Horizontal over burden]
f= 30 [ Angle of internal friction of back fill material]
d= 2/3 f = 2 x 30 = 20.00 [Angle of wall friction]

3
Substituting these values,
ka=
sin2 90 + 30
sin2 sin
90 90 - 20 1+ sin 30 + 20 sin 30
sin 90 20 sin 0 +
KaH = 0.297 x cos d = 0.297 x 0.940 = 0.279

KaV = 0.297 x sin d = 0.297 x 0.342 = 0.102

For Normal Condition

Under Seismic Condition
For Normal Condition
Under Seismic Condition
Assumed for Rock Stratas

Radians

2
0
90

Calculation of forces & moments due to earth Pressure at bottom of foundation:-
A) Approach retained conditon:- (Normal case)
RTL - 122.46 Cos 20 =

Sin 20 =
4.571 1.86
HFL- 120.600 ka = 0.279

2.711 (Dry)g = 18 KN / M3
Bed level 117.889 5.511 (Wet) g = 10 KN / M3
2.800
Top of foundation 115.089
1.200
Bottom of foundation 113.889
1) Low Water Level Condition:-

2
Pressure due to soil = 0.279 x 18.00 x 4.571 x 13.723 = 719.98
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 719.98 x 0.42 x 4.571 + 4.00 = 4262.15
Pressure due to soil below LWL :-
Pressure due to surcharge = 0.279 x 18 x 4.571 x 4.000 x 13.723 = 1260.08

of soil above LWL
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 1260.08 x 4.000 2 = 2520.16 Kn.m
2
Pressure due to soil below LWL = 0.279 x 10 x 4.000 x 13.723 = 306.30
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 306.30 x 0.42 x 4.000 = 514.58 Kn.m
Total pressure for LWL condition = 719.98 + 1260.08 + 306.30 = 2286.36 Kn
Total moment for LWL condition = 4262.15 + 2520.16 + 514.58 = 7296.89 Kn.m

2) High Flood Level Condition:-
Pressure due to soil above HFL :-

2
above HFL 2
Pressure due to soil below HFL :-

of soil above HFL
2
Pressure due to soil below HFL = 0.279 x 10 x 6.711 x 13.723 = 862.18
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = x862.18 x 0.42 x 6.711 = 2430.16 Kn.m
Total Horizontal force for HFL 119.21 + 860.25 + 862.18 = 1841.64 Kn

condition =
Total moment for HFL condition = 893.15 + 2886.57 + 2430.16 = 6209.88 Kn.m
x
B) scour alround condition:- scour level = Protected bed level = 117.889

= x x x =
Since the bed is protected.
No earth pressure & no live load forces and moments acting on foundation
X) Force and Moment due to Fluid Pressure :- (cl-214.1 of IRC - 6 - 2014)
Intensity of fluid pressure = 4.80 Kn/m3
Height of wall = 122.46 - 113.89 = 8.57 m

2
Force due to fluid pressure = 4.800 x 8.571 x 13.723 = 2419.56 Kn
for entire length 2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 2419.560 x 8.571 = 6912.68 Kn.m

3

XI) Calculation of live load surcharge Pressure:
122.46
H2 8.571
113.889
6.030
Live load surcharge = 0.279 x 18.00 X 1.2 = 6.030 Kn / m2

Pressure
Horizontal force (H2) = 6.030 x 8.571 X 13.723 = 709.27 Kn
Moment at founding
level due to H2 = 709.27 X 8.571 = 3039.58 Kn.m
2
Total Horizontal force = 709.270 Kn
Total moment at bottom of foundation = 3039.58 Kn.m
XII) Force and moment due to=buoyancy:- x

Buoyancy effect through pore pressure has been considered in self weight
of the substructure, foundation and earth weight it self. So, no need to calculate seperately.

0.94
0.342
Kn
Kn.m
Kn
Kn

Kn
Kn.m
Kn
Kn

Calculation of forces & moments due to earth Pressure at bottom of foundation:-
RTL - 122.46 Cos 20 =

Sin 20 =
4.571 1.86
HFL- 120.600 ka = 0.102

2.711 (Dry)g = 18 KN / M3
2.800
1.200

2
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 263.22 x 3.61 = 950.2242

of soil above LWL
2
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 111.98 x 1 x 3.610 = 404.25 Kn.m


2
above HFL 2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 43.58 x x 3.61 + 0.000 = 157.3238

of soil above HFL
2
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = x315.21 x x 3.610 = 1137.91 Kn.m

condition =
x

= x x x =
X) Force and Moment due to Fluid Pressure :- (cl-217.1 of IRC - 6 - 2014)
Height of wall = 122.46 - 113.89 = 8.57 m

2
for entire length 2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 2419.560 x 8.571 = 6912.68 Kn.m

3

XI) Calculation of live load surcharge Pressure:
122.46
H2 8.571
113.889
2.200

Pressure
Moment at founding
level due to H2 = 258.77 X 8.571 = 1108.96 Kn.m
2
XII) Force and moment due to=buoyancy:- x

of the substructure, foundation and earth weight it self. So, no need to calculate seperately.

0.94
0.342
Kn
Kn.m
Kn
Kn

Kn
Kn.m
Kn
Kn

CALCULATION OF LOADS ON THE FOUNDATION
Overall Span of superstructure 8.00 m

Overall width of superstructure 12.90 m
1 Self Weight LWL HFL

Abutment weight 396.84 T 317.42 T
Restoring moment 1571.73 Tm 1250.77 Tm
2 Total back side earth

Soil Weight 555.82 T 447.97 T
3 Total front side earth

3 Earth Pressure - Horizontal

Force due to EP at bottom of footing 228.64 T 184.16 T
Moment due to EP at bottom of footing 729.69 Tm 620.99 Tm
4 Earth Pressure - Vertical

5 Live Load Surcharge - Horizontal Component

6 Live Load Surcharge - Vertical Component

Maximum of Earth / Fluid Pressure Taken for design
7 Fluid Pressure
LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION (SLS load factors)
Length of Abutment = 12.90 m
Length of foundation = 12.90 m
Width of foundation = 7.86 m
Thickness of foundation = 1.2 m
Load Combinations: -
When the live load will be on span, the next train of load on embankment will be atleast 20m away
from the backside of dirt wall, Hence there will be no surcharge pressure effect on abutment when
live load will be on span.
For checking base pressure under foundation, unfactored loads shall be used, As per IRC6-2014
1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE)

Load Moment
Check for Pressure for LWL case Vertical Horiz Overturn Resisting
DL of Abutment 396.84 T 1571.73 Tm
Soil Dead Load 555.82 T 3001.37 Tm
Earth Pressure / Fluid 228.64 T 729.69 Tm
Vet. Comp of EP / Fluid 83.59 T 301.75 Tm
Total 1036.24 T 228.64 T 729.69 Tm 4874.85 Tm
A) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 2

Overturning Moment
= 4874.85 = 6.68 safe

729.69
B) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal Force
= 1036.24 x 0.6 = 2.7193697 safe

228.64
c) Check for Pressure at bottom of Foundation
X = MR-MO X is the eccentricity of the abutment section w r to

P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 4874.85 Tm
Mo = Overturning Moment = 729.69 Tm
P = Vertical load = 1036.24 Tm
X = 4m
e = b/2-x
= Eccentricity of the abutment section w.r.t.mid of its base.
= 3.93 - 4
= -0.07 m < 1.31 (b/6)
Ptoe = P/bx(1+6e/b)
= 131.83753 x 0.9465649
= 9.98 T/m2 < 30 T/m2 safe
Ptoe = P/bx(1-6e/b)
= 131.83753 x 1.0534351
= 11.110583 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the abutment structure is
2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (HFL CASE)
Load Moment
Check for Pressure for HFL case Vertical Horiz Overturn Resisting
Earth Pressure 184.16 T 620.99 Tm
Vet. Comp of EP 67.33 T 243.06 Tm
Total 832.72 T 184.16 T 620.99 Tm 3913.81 Tm

Overturning Moment
= 3913.81 = 6.3 safe

620.99
Horizontal Force
= 832.72 x 0.6 = 2.71297 safe

184.16

P
X = 3.95 m
e = b/2-x
= 3.93 - 3.95
= -0.02 m < 1.31 (b/6)
Ptoe = P/bx(1+6e/b)
= 105.94389 x 0.9847328
= 8.35 T/m2 < 30 T/m2 safe
Ptoe = P/bx(1-6e/b)
= 105.94389 x 1.0152672
= 8.6049086 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
3 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)
Load Moment
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 25.88 T 70.927 T 303.96 110.90
DL of Superstructure 83.85 T 252.22 Tm
SIDL 12.45 T 37.45 Tm
WC 6.01 T 18.07 Tm
LL Maximun 54.69 T 164.52 Tm
bearing force 48.08 T 365.97 Tm
Total 1219.12 T 347.65 T 1399.61 Tm 5458.00 Tm
Transverse
LL +centrifugal 6.719 188.65931
bearing force (trans) 17.49 T 133.15 Tm
24.21 T 321.81 Tm

Overturning Moment
= 5458.00 = 3.9 safe

1399.61
Horizontal Force
= 1219.12 x 0.6 = 2.1040653 safe

347.65

P
X = 3.33 m
e = b/2-x
= 3.93 - 3.33
= 0.6 m < 1.31 (b/6)
Ptoe = P/bx(1+6e/b)
= 155.10433 x 1.4580153
= 18.09 T/m2 < 30 T/m2 safe
Ptoe = P/bx(1-6e/b)
= 155.10433 x 0.5419847
= 6.7251341 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
4 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)

Load Moment
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 25.88 T 70.93 T 303.96 Tm 110.90 Tm
SIDL 12.45 T 37.45 Tm
WC 6.01 T 18.07 Tm
LL MIN 47.65 T 143.32 Tm
Total 1008.55 T 303.18 T 1290.91 Tm 4475.76 Tm
Transverse
24.21 T 305.55 Tm

Overturning Moment
= 4475.76 = 3.47 safe
1290.91
Horizontal Force
= 1008.55 x 0.6 = 1.99597 safe

303.18

P
X = 3.16 m
e = b/2-x
= 3.93 - 3.16
= 0.77 m < 1.31 (b/6)
Ptoe = P/bx(1+6e/b)
= 128.31387 x 1.5877863
= 16.30 T/m2 < 30 T/m2 safe
Ptoe = P/bx(1-6e/b)
= 14.979385 x 0.9313817
= 1.116122 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
5 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND
Load Moment
SIDL 12.45 T 37.45 Tm
WC 6.01 T 18.07 Tm
LL Maximun 54.69 T 164.52 Tm
Wind (Long) 7.84 4.44 36.29
Total 1226.96 T 352.09 T 1435.90 Tm 5458.00 Tm
Transverse
Wind (trans) 17.77 145.16
41.99 T 466.96 Tm

Overturning Moment
= 5458.00 = 3.8 safe

1435.90
Horizontal Force
= 1226.96 x 0.6 = 2.0908639 safe

352.09

P
X = 3.28 m
e = b/2-x
= 3.93 - 3.28
= 0.65 m < 1.31 (b/6)
Ptoe = P/bx(1+6e/b)
= 156.10123 x 1.4961832
= 18.68 T/m2 < 30 T/m2 safe
Ptoe = P/bx(1-6e/b)
= 156.10123 x 0.5038168
= 6.2917138 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
6 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+Wind
Load Moment
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 25.88 T 70.927 T 303.958 Tm 110.90 Tm
SIDL 12.45 T 37.45 Tm
WC 6.01 T 18.07 Tm
LL MIN 47.65 T 143.32 Tm
Wind Long 7.84 4.44 36.29
Total 1016.38 T 307.62 T 1327.20 Tm 4475.76 Tm
Transverse
Wind (Trans) 17.77 145.16
41.99 T 450.71 Tm

Overturning Moment
= 4475.76 = 3.37 safe

1327.20
Horizontal Force
= 1016.38 x 0.6 = 1.9824215 safe

307.62

P
X = 3.1 m
e = b/2-x
= 3.93 - 3.1
= 0.83 m < 1.31 (b/6)
Ptoe = P/bx(1+6e/b)
= 129.31078 x 1.6335878
= 16.90 T/m2 < 30 T/m2 safe
Ptoe = P/bx(1-6e/b)
= 129.31078 x 0.3664122
= 3.7904838 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Span not laid condition
7 Abutment + Fluid Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)
Load Moment
DL of Abutment 396.84 T 0.00### 0.00 0.00 1571.73 Tm
Soil Dead Load 555.82 T 0.00 0.00 3001.37 Tm
Earth Pressure 0.00 228.64 T 729.69 Tm 0.00
Vet. Comp of EP 241.96 T 0.00 0.00 691.27 Tm
DL of Superstructure 83.85 T 0.00 0.00 252.22 Tm
SIDL 12.45 T 0.00 0.00 37.45 Tm
WC 6.01 T 0.00 0.00 18.07 Tm
LL Maximun 0.00 T 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tm
bearing force 0.00 48.08 T 365.97 Tm 0.00
Total 1322.80 T 347.65 T 1399.61 Tm 5683.00 Tm
Transverse
LL +centrifugal 6.719 0 188.65931
24.21 T 321.81 Tm

Overturning Moment
= 5683.00 = 4.06 safe

1399.61
Horizontal Force
= 1322.80 x 0.6 = 2.2829968 safe

347.65

P
X = 3.24 m
e = b/2-x
= 3.93 - 3.24
= 0.69 m < 1.31 (b/6)
Ptoe = P/bx(1+6e/b)
= 168.29453 x 1.5267176
= 20.56 T/m2 < 30 T/m2 safe
Ptoe = P/bx(1-6e/b)
= 168.29453 x 0.4732824
= 6.3720677 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
- ve is overturning
Total Horizontal Load 396.84 T

Total Vertical Load 1036.24 T
Total Resisting moment 4874.85 Tm
Total Overturning moment 729.69 Tm
Total Trans. Moment 0 Tm
abutment section w r to
he abutment structure is Safe under this condition.
Total Trans. Moment 0 Tm

Total Trans. Moment 321.81 Tm


LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR FOUNDATION - Combinations for Equilibrium as per IRC:6-2014 Table 3.1
Friction for foundation &
factors Load Moment
Check for Pressure for LWL Vertical Horizontal Overturn Resisting
DL of Abutment 0.95 377.00 T 0 T 0 Tm 1493.14 Tm
Soil Dead Load 0.95 528.03 T 0 T 0 Tm 2851.30 Tm
Earth Pressure 1.5 0.00 T 342.954 T 1094.5335 Tm 0.00 Tm
Vert. Comp of EP 1 83.59 T 0 T 0 Tm 301.75 Tm
Total 988.61 T 342.95 T 1094.53 Tm 4646.20 Tm
2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only ( HFL CASE)

factors Load Moment
Check for Pressure for HFL Vertical Horizontal Overturn Resisting
Vert. Comp of EP 1 67.33 T 0 T 0 Tm 243.06 Tm
Total 794.45 T 276.25 T 931.48 Tm 3730.27 Tm

factors Load Moment
Vet. Comp of EP 1 83.59 T 0 T 0 Tm 301.75 Tm
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 1.5 38.82 T 106.3905 T 455.937 Tm 166.34 Tm
DL of Superstructure 0.95 79.66 T 0 T 0 Tm 239.61 Tm
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0 T 0 Tm 50.56 Tm
LL Maximun 1.5 82.04 T 0 T 0 Tm 246.78 Tm
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.126 T 548.950986 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 1205.93 T 521.47 T 2099.42 Tm 5349.49 Tm
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 282.988964 Tm
bearing force (trans) 1.5 26.241 T 199.720251 Tm
36.3195 T 482.709215 Tm

factors Load Moment
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0 T 0 Tm 50.56 Tm
LL MIN 1.5 71.47 T 0 T 0 Tm 214.97 Tm
bearing force 1.5 0.00 72.126 548.950986 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 1001.20 T 454.76 T 1936.37 Tm 4401.76 Tm
36.3195 T 458.329715 Tm
factors Load Moment
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0 T 0 Tm 50.56 Tm
LL Maximun 1.5 82.04 T 0 T 0 Tm 246.78 Tm
bearing force 1.5 0.00 72.126 0 0.00
Total 1205.93 T 521.47 T 1550.47 Tm 5349.49 Tm
Wind (trans) 0.9 15.99675 130.640324
52.31625 T 613.349539 Tm
6 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+WIND

factors Load Moment
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0 T 0 Tm 50.56 Tm
LL MIN 1.5 71.47 T 0 T 0 Tm 214.97 Tm
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.126 T 548.950986 Tm 0.00 Tm
Total 1001.20 T 454.76 T 1936.37 Tm 4401.76 Tm
Wind (Trans) 0.9 15.99675 T 130.640324 Tm
36.3195 T 458.329715 Tm
0.6
Moment - ve is overturning

Total Overturning Moment 1094.53 Tm
Total Trans Moment 0 Tm
SLIDING = 1.7295792 SAFE
OVERTURNING = 4.2449106 SAFE

Total Trans Moment 0 Tm

Total Trans Moment 482.70921 Tm

Total Horizontal Load 454.76

Total Vertical Load 1001.20
Total Resisting moment 4401.76
Total Overturning Moment 1936.37
Total Trans Moment 458.32971
SLIDING = 1.3209499
OVERTURNING = 2.2732014
Total Trans Moment 613.34954 Tm

Total Horizontal Load 454.76

Total Vertical Load 1001.20
Total Resisting moment 4401.76
Total Overturning Moment 1936.37
Total Trans Moment 458.32971
SLIDING = 1.3209499
OVERTURNING = 2.2732014
LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR FOUNDATION (ULS load factors)
Length of Abutment = 13 m (Trans dim)
Length of foundation = 13 m (Trans dim)
Width of foundation = 7.86 m (Long dim)
Table 3.4 Combination of Base Pressure and Design of Foundation

Combination (1) column (2)

factors Load Moment
Check for Pressure for LWL Vertical Horizontal Overturn
DL of Abutment 1.35 535.73 T 0 T 0
Soil Dead Load 1.5 833.72 T 0 T 0
Earth Pressure 1.5 0.00 T 342.954 T 1094.534
Vert. Comp of EP 1 83.59 T 0 T 0
Total 1453.05 T 342.95 T 1094.53

factors Load Moment
Check for Pressure for HFL Vertical Horizontal Overturn
Vert. Comp of EP 1 67.33 T 0 T 0
Total 1167.80 T 414.37 T 931.48

factors Load Moment
Vet. Comp of EP 1 83.59 T 0 T 0
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 1.2 31.05 T 85.1124 T 364.7496
DL of Superstructure 1.35 113.20 T 0 T 0
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0 T 0
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0 T 0
LL Maximun 1.5 82.04 T 0 T 0
bearing force 1.5 0.00 72.126 548.951
Total 1706.65 T 500.19 T 2008.23
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 282.989
bearing force (trans) 1.5 26.241 T 199.7203
36.3195 T 482.7092
factors Load Moment
DL of Abutment 1.35 428.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
Soil Dead Load 1.5 671.96 T 0.00 T 0.00
Vet. Comp of EP 1 67.33 T 0.00 T 0.00
DL of Superstructure 1.35 113.20 T 0.00 T 0.00
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL MIN 1.5 71.47 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.13 T 548.95
Total 1410.84 T 361.36 T 1296.23
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 258.6095
36.3195 T 458.3297

factors Load Moment
DL of Abutment 1.35 535.73 T 0.00 T 0.00
Soil Dead Load 1.5 833.72 T 0.00 T 0.00
Vet. Comp of EP 1 83.59 T 0.00 T 0.00
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL Maximun 1.5 82.04 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.13 T 548.95
Wind (Long) 0.9 7.05 T 4.00 T 32.66
Total 1713.71 T 504.19 T 2040.89
Transverse
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 282.989
Wind (trans) 0.9 15.99675 T 130.6403
36.3195 T 482.7092

factors Load Moment
DL of Abutment 1.35 428.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
Soil Dead Load 1.5 671.96 T 0.00 T 0.00
Vet. Comp of EP 1 67.33 T 0.00 T 0.00
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL MIN 1.5 71.47 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.13 T 548.95
Wind Long 0.9 7.05 T 4.00 T 32.66
Total 1417.89 T 437.48 T 1877.84
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 258.6095
Wind (Trans) 0.9 15.99675 T 130.6403
36.3195 T 458.3297
0.6
Moment
Resisting Total Horizontal Load 342.95 T
Tm 2121.837 Tm Total Vertical Load 1453.05 T
Tm 4502.058 Tm Total Resisting moment 6925.64 Tm
Tm 0 Tm Total Overturning Moment 1094.53 Tm
Tm 301.749 Tm Total Trans Moment 0 Tm
Tm 6925.64 Tm SLIDING = 2.542111 SAFE
Moment
Tm 0.00 Tm Total Overturning Moment 931.48 Tm
Moment
Tm 301.75 Tm Total Trans Moment 482.7092 Tm
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 246.78 Tm
0.00
Tm OVERTURNING = 3.848241 SAFE
Tm
Tm
Moment
Resisting Total Horizontal Load 361.36
Tm 1688.54 Tm Total Vertical Load 1410.84
Tm 3629.98 Tm Total Resisting moment 6332.29
Tm 0.00 Tm Total Overturning Moment 1296.23
Tm 243.06 Tm Total Trans Moment 458.3297
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 214.97 Tm
0.00
Tm 6332.29 Tm SLIDING = 2.342555
Tm OVERTURNING = 4.885156
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 246.78 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm
Tm
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 214.97 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 6332.29 Tm SLIDING = 1.944606
Tm
Tm
Tm
LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR FOUNDATION (ULS load factors)
Table 3.4 Combination of Base Pressure and Design of Foundation

Combination (2) column (3)

factors Load Mome
DL of Abutment 1 396.84 T 0 T 0
Vert. Comp of EP 0.85 71.05 T 0 T 0
Total 1190.45 T 297.23 T 948.60

factors Load Mome
Vert. Comp of EP 0.85 57.23 T 0 T 0
Total 957.01 T 359.12 T 807.28

factors Load Mome
Vet. Comp of EP 1 83.59 T 0 T 0
Surcharge (LL+SIDL) 1 25.88 T 70.927 T 303.958
DL of Superstructure 1 83.85 T 0 T 0
SIDL 1 12.45 T 0 T 0
WC 1 6.01 T 0 T 0
LL Maximun 1.3 71.10 T 0 T 0
bearing force 1.3 0.00 62.5092 475.75752
Total 1402.27 T 430.66 T 1728.31
LL +centrifugal 1.3 8.7347 T 245.2571
31.4769 T 418.34799
factors Load Mome
DL of Abutment 1 317.42 T 0.00 T 0.00
Soil Dead Load 1.3 582.36 T 0.00 T 0.00
Vet. Comp of EP 1 67.33 T 0.00 T 0.00
DL of Superstructure 1 83.85 T 0.00 T 0.00
SIDL 1 12.45 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1 6.01 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL MIN 1.3 61.94 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.13 T 548.95
Total 1157.23 T 310.34 T 1111.24
LL +centrifugal 1.3 8.7347 T 224.1282
31.4769 T 397.21909

factors Load Mome
DL of Abutment 1 396.84 T 0.00 T 0.00
Soil Dead Load 1.3 722.56 T 0.00 T 0.00
Vet. Comp of EP 1 83.59 T 0.00 T 0.00
SIDL 1 12.45 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1 6.01 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL Maximun 1.3 71.10 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.3 0.00 T 62.51 T 475.76
Wind (Long) 0.8 6.27 T 3.55 T 29.03
Total 1408.54 T 434.22 T 1757.34
Transverse
LL +centrifugal 1.3 8.7347 T 245.2571
Wind (trans) 0.8 14.219333 T 116.12473
31.4769 T 418.34799

factors Load Mome
DL of Abutment 1 317.42 T 0.00 T 0.00
Soil Dead Load 1.3 582.36 T 0.00 T 0.00
Vet. Comp of EP 1 67.33 T 0.00 T 0.00
SIDL 1 12.45 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1 6.01 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL MIN 1.3 61.94 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.3 0.00 T 62.51 T 475.76
Wind Long 0.8 6.27 T 3.55 T 29.03
Total 1163.50 T 376.40 T 1616.03
LL +centrifugal 1.3 8.7347 T 224.1282
Wind (Trans) 0.8 14.219333 T 116.12473
31.4769 T 397.21909
0.6
Moment
Tm 0 Tm Total Overturning Moment 948.60 Tm
Moment
Moment
Tm 110.90 Tm
Tm 252.22 Tm
Tm 37.45 Tm
Tm 18.07 Tm
Tm 213.88 Tm
0.00
Tm OVERTURNING = 3.7075337 SAFE
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm 110.90 Tm
Tm 252.22 Tm
Tm 37.45 Tm
Tm 18.07 Tm
Tm 186.31 Tm
0.00
Tm 5244.75 Tm SLIDING = 2.2373488
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm 110.90 Tm
Tm 252.22 Tm
Tm 37.45 Tm
Tm 18.07 Tm
Tm 213.88 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm
Tm
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm 110.90 Tm
Tm 252.22 Tm
Tm 37.45 Tm
Tm 18.07 Tm
Tm 186.31 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 5244.75 Tm SLIDING = 1.8546561
Tm
Tm
Tm
ULS Case
DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
Toe 3000
Heel 4250
Stem 610
Depth mid 1200
Depth End 900
Length of foundation = 12.9 m (Trans dim)

case 1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE)

case 2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only ( HFL CASE)
case 3 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)
case 4 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)
case 5 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND
case 6 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+WIND
As per Table 3.4 Combination for Base Pressure and Design of Foundation, Combination (1) and (2), Design for max Case
case 1 case 2 case 3 case 4

H = Total Horizontal Load = 342.95 414.37 500.19 361.36
P = Total Vertical Load = 1453.05 1167.80 1706.65 1410.84
My = Total Resisting moment = 6925.64 5561.57 7728.17 6332.29
Total Overturning moment = 1094.53 931.48 2008.23 1296.23
Mx = Total Trans. Moment = 0.00 0.00 482.71 458.33
x 4.0130281 3.964794 3.35155 3.569557

e = -0.0830281 -0.03479 0.57845 0.360443
Ptoe P1 24.788374 = 13.422399 11.21155 24.26428 17.74291
Pheel P2 5.5680451 = 15.238962 11.82337 9.399523 10.08589
P3 = 14.115744 11.44507 18.59071 14.82038
P4 = 14.256724 11.49255 17.43708 14.22614
Toe avg pressure T/sqm = 13.769071 11.32831 21.4275 16.28165
Heel avg pressure T/sqm = 14.747843 11.65796 13.4183 12.15601
Lever arm for CG of toe pressure = 1512.5888 1505.153 1433.805 1455.125
Lever arm for CG of heel pressure = 2148.5883 2135.05 1912.854 2004.373
Upward force due to pressure onT = 41.307214 33.98493 64.28249 48.84494

Moment due to toe pressure Tm = 62.480829 51.15254 92.16855 71.07552
Self Weight of toe slab T = 6.875 6.875 6.875 6.875
Moment due to toe slab self wt = 10.3125 10.3125 10.3125 10.3125
Shear d distance from abut stem = 959 959 959 959

2041 2041 2041 2041
Pressure at d distance = 13.644038 11.2862 22.45063 16.80868
T 27.621299 22.95896 47.67257 35.2599
Self Weight of toe slab D distanc T 5.357625 5.357625 5.357625 5.357625
NET DESIGN MOMENT FOR TOE Tm = 52.168329 40.84004 81.85605 60.76302
NET DESIGN SHER FOR TOE T = 22.263674 17.60133 42.31494 29.90227

Downward load on back side = 16.16 16.16 16.16 16.16
= 145.97209 145.9721 145.9721 145.9721
NET DESIGN MOMENT FOR HEELTm = 11.302167 40.18821 36.88625 42.42004
NET DESIGN SHER FOR HEEL T = 6.014419 19.14643 11.66496 17.0297
CASE)+WIND
ASE)+WIND
2), Design for max Case
case 5 case 6
504.19 437.48
1713.71 1417.89
7728.17 6332.29
2040.89 1877.84
482.71 458.33
3.3187 3.141608
0.6113 0.788392
24.78837 22.39986
9.014534 5.568045
18.76782 15.9755
17.54365 14.66922
21.7781 19.18768
13.27909 10.11863
1430.888 1416.296
1897.52 1806.446
65.3343 57.56304
93.48603 81.5263
6.875 6.875
10.3125 10.3125
959 959
2041 2041
22.86381 20.34621
48.62905 43.62236
5.357625 5.357625
83.17353 71.2138
43.27142 38.26473
16.16 16.16
145.9721 145.9721
38.8834 68.28737
12.25662 25.68857
Design of Foundation
ULTIMATE LIMITE STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112:2011
Max of Combination 1 & Combination 2
As per Table 3.4 Combination for Base Pressure and Design of Foundation
Density Concrete 25
Abutment fck 35 Mpa

Ec 32000 Mpa
Section Properties
Load Case
Condition
LC
Width of Foundn, B (mm)
Depth of Foundn, D (mm)
Input Data
Density of concrete 25 KN/m3 fy/γs 434.7826
Grade of concrete fck 30 N/mm 2
Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec 32000 N/mm2 (Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)

Grade of Steel fy 500 N/mm2
Tensile Strength of concrete fctm 2.5 N/mm2 (Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)&(P 235)
Partial Modify Fac for concrete γm 1.5 Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Partial Modify Fac for Steel γs 1.15 Clause-6.2.2 P-30
Characteristic Yield Strength of Reinforce fyk 400 N/mm2 Clause-6.2.2 P-29,FIG 6.3
Design Yield Strength of Shear Reinforcem fywd 347.83 N/mm2 (Clause-10.3.3.2,IRC 112-2011, P-91)
Ultimate Compressive Strain in concrete єcu 0.0035 (Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel Es 200000 (Clause-6.2.2,Annexure A.4.4.2, P-29 IRC 1
Modular ratio αe 6.25 (Clause-12.4.2,Annexure A.4.4.2,IRC 112
Ultimate Tensile Strain in Steel (fy/γs.E 0.002)
s+ єs 0.0042
Coefficient of influence of the concrete st α 0.67 Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-49
Slenderness Factor λ 0.8 upto 60Mpa (Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
Factor η 1 upto 60Mpa (Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
fcd αfck/γm 13.40 Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-48
Factor Fav = ηfcd/λ 10.72 (Annexure Fig A 2-4,IRC 112-2011, P-243
Factor λ/2 β 0.4
HEEL DESIGN TOE DESIGN

Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 3 Case 4
Section property
NO of Web 1 1 1 1 1 1
Width of Beam,B (mm) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
Depth of Beam,D (mm) 1050 1050 1050 1050 1050 1050
Design
Design Shear = KN 116.6496 170.297 122.5662 256.8857 423.1494 299.0227
Design Moment = KNm 368.8625 424.2004 388.834 682.8737 818.561 607.630
No of layers = 1 1 1 1 1 1
Dia of Main Bar = mm 25 25 25 25 25 25
Cover to Reinforceme= mm 75 75 75 75 75 75
Dia of Transverse bar = mm 0 0 0 0 0 0
deff provided = 962.5 962.5 962.5 962.5 962.5 962.5
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) = 0.037 0.043 0.039 0.069 0.082 0.061
k (Web) = 0.650 0.650 0.650 0.650 0.650 0.650

fcteff Max of 2.9= 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90
Act web = 0.611 0.611 0.611 0.611 0.611 0.611
KC 0.4(1-σc/k1(h/h*)fcteff) 0.269 0.269 0.269 0.269 0.269 0.269
Ast min 889.54 889.54 889.54 889.54 889.54 889.54
Limiting Neu axis depXu max/d = 0.0035/(0.0035+(.8 fy/Es)+0.002) =0.0035/0.0035+єs
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) mm 439.0 439.0 439.0 439.0 439.0 439.0
Xu mm 36.3 41.8 38.3 68.1 82.1 60.4
Xu >Xu lim Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Ast Required mm 894.9372 1031.612 944.1882 1679.337 2025.17 1489.389
2
Minimum Reinforcement Requir 0.13% 1365 1365 1365 1365 1365 1365
Dia of bars mm 25 25 25 25 25 25
No Of Bars Required 3 3 3 3 3 3
No Of Bars Provided 6 6 6 6 6 6
Spacing of Bars 165 165 165 165 165 165
Reinf Provided 2943.75 2943.75 2943.75 2943.75 2943.75 2943.75
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Neutral Axis Depth(X) mm 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4
Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok
Ult.Moment of resistance Secti kNm 1161.6 1161.603 1161.603 1161.603 1161.603 1161.603
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Check For Ultimate Shear Strength at Various X (Clause 10.3. of IRC:112-2011)
MED
VRdc Design shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement
Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of
VRd,max compression struts
VRd,s Design shear force that can be sustained by yeilding of reinforcement
Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined
Vccd compression chord
Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of
Vtd inclined tensile chord
VRd Design shear resistance of member with shear reinforcement
Vpd Shear component of prestressing tendon
VRd VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd
VEd Design shear force at C/s due to external applied loads + prestressing
VNs Net shear force in web at design section
fctk Characteristic axial tensile strength of concrete (5% fractile)
αcw
VNs VEd -Vccd -Vtd -VPd (-ve for downward; Ved is + downwards)
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6

VEd 116.6496 170.297 122.5662 256.8857 423.1494 299.0227
Vpd 0 0 0 0 0 0
VNs 116.6496 170.297 122.5662 256.8857 423.1494 299.0227
Depth at critical section 1491 1491
K 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.37 1.37
S = (Ay)c 0.55125
fctk 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8
fctd = fctk/γm 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17
σcp 0 0 0 0 0 0
αcw 1 1 1 1 1 1
v 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54
ρ1 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0021 0.0021
q 45 45 45 45 45 45
For Elements not requiring shear reinforcement as per Cl. 10.3.2
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] b>w (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*
d scp) bw.d
VRd,c 324.62 324.62 324.62 324.62 413.64 413.64
VRd,c 287.07 287.07 287.07 287.07 404.29 404.29
VRd,c I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fEQ 10.4
Moment of Inertia m4 I 0.096469 0.096469 0.096469 0.096469 0.096469 0.096469
VRd,c 0 0 0 0 0 0
VRd,c 324.62 324.62 324.62 324.62 413.64 413.64
Ved < 3494.8 3494.8 3494.8 3494.8 3494.8 3494.8
VEd, actual 116.6496 170.297 122.5662 256.8857 423.1494 299.0227
Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd Reqd Not Reqd
N/mm2
5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)&(P 235)
2.2 P-29,FIG 6.3

10.3.3.2,IRC 112-2011, P-91)
5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
.2.2,Annexure A.4.4.2, P-29 IRC 112-2011)
12.4.2,Annexure A.4.4.2,IRC 112-2011, P-131)
4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-49

e A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
e A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-48
e Fig A 2-4,IRC 112-2011, P-243)
TOE DESIGN
Case 5 Case 6 Case 9
1 1 1
1000 1000 10000
1050 1050 1050
432.7142 382.6473 0
831.735 712.138 0
1 1 1
25 25 25
75 75 75
0 0 20
962.5 962.5 942.5
0.084 0.072 0.000
0.650 0.650 0.650

2.90 2.90 2.90
0.611 0.611 6.201
0.269 0.269 0.269
889.54 889.54 9028.20
439.0 439.0 429.9

83.5 71.1 0.0
Safe Safe Safe
2058.98 1753.562 0
1365 1365 13650
25 25 25
3 3 28
6 6 62
165 165 160
2943.75 2943.75 30418.75
Safe Safe Safe
119.4 119.4 11.9
Ok Ok Ok
1161.603 1161.603 4959.394
Safe Safe Safe
432.7142 382.6473 0
0 0 0
432.7142 382.6473 0
1491 1491
1.37 1.37 1.46
1.8 1.8 1.8

1.17 1.17 1.17
0 0 0
1 1 1
0.54 0.54 0.54
0.0021 0.0021 0.0032
45 45 45
0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d Cl.10.3.2 EQ 10.1

413.64 413.64 3235.72
404.29 404.29 2811.09
0.096469 0.096469 0.096469

0 0 0
413.64 413.64 3235.72
3494.8 3494.8 34221.9
432.7142 382.6473 0
Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd
Cos 20 = 0.94
Sin 20 = 0.342
VII) Forces and moment due to longitudinal force:-

I) class - A - 2 lane:- (One lane only being considered as per cl-214.2(a) of IRC - 6-2014)
Horizontal force due to braking, Fh = 0.20 x 296 = 59.20 Kn
Fh / support = 59 2 = 29.60 Kn
HL = 29.6 x 0.94 = 27.82 KN

HT = 29.6 x 0.342 = 10.12 KN
II) 70R Wheeled :-

Fh / support = 136 2 = 68.00 Kn
HL = 68.0 x 0.94 = 63.92 KN

HT = 68.0 x 0.342 = 23.26 KN
III) 70R Tracked:-

Fh / support = 140 2 = 70.00 Kn
HL = 70.0 x 0.94 = 65.80 KN

HT = 70.0 x 0.342 = 23.94 KN
Calculation of frictional force from superstructure :- [Ref. Clause 211.5.1.2 of IRC - 6 - 2014]
Frictional force = m Rg
Reaction on abutment due to dead load of superstructure = 1023.06 Kn
Frictional force = m Rg = 0.5 x

= 511.53
HL = 511.5 x 0.94 = 480.84 KN

HT = 511.5 x 0.342 = 174.94 KN
Frictional force per meter length = 511.53 12.90 = 39.65
This force will act at top of abutment cap level I.e. at RL - 121.500
Lever arm at founding level: 122.460 - 113.889 =
Overturning moment (Mo) = 511.53 x 8.57 =
Longidutinal force due to friction = 511.53 KN
x
Overturning moment at = 511.53 x 121.500 - 113.889 = 3893.25

bottom of foundation

Span loaded condition:- Total Longitudinal force = Fh/2 or m Rg

I) class - A - 2 lane:-
Total force = 511.53 + 0.00 = 511.53 Kn

II) 70R Wheeled :-

Total force = 511.53 + 0.00 = 511.53 Kn

III) 70R Tracked:-

Total force = 511.53 + 0.00 = 511.53 Kn

Span unloaded condition:-

Total force = 0.00 + 0.00 = 0.00 Kn

VIII) Forces and moment due to vertical component of braking force:-

This force will act at 1.2 m above the road level.
Vertical reaction = 118.40 x 1.20 + 122.46 - 121.500 = 33.83
+ 7.56 +
Restoring moment at = 33.83 x 3.008 = 101.76
II) 70R Wheeled :-

+ +
7.56
III) 70R Tracked:-

+ +
7.56
Centrifugal force =
R = 750 m

V = 80 kmph
camber = 3.8%
Centrifugal force = 0.067 x 1000 Kn = 67.19
Moment @ bottom of abutment = 67.19 x 6.411 = 430.755

perstructure :- [Ref. Clause 211.5.1.2 of IRC - 6 - 2014]
1023.06
Kn
Kn
8.57 m
4383.81 Kn.m

Kn.m

Kn.m
Kn.m
Kn.m
Kn.m
Kn.
Kn.m
Kn.
Kn.m
Kn.
Kn.m

Kn
Kn.m
Kn.m

WIND LOAD CALCULATION AS PER IRC: 6- 2014 CL.209
Wind Speed = 36 m/s (Clause 209.3.7-IRC 6:2014)

Ht of the deck above bed level = 0.65 + 1 (ht of superstr+1m Crash barrie
= 1.65 m
Pressure as per table = 0.464 kN/sqm
Design Pressure Pz= = 0.506182 kN/sqm
Force on Superstructure consider span/2

Force in Transverse direction FT = Pz X A1 X G X Cd (Clause 209.3.3-IRC 6:2014)
G = gust factor = 2
Cd = drag coeff = 1.1 for Slab bridges with b/d>10
1.5 for Box/single beam b/d 2
1.3 for Box/single beam b/d> 6
2.25 for 2 or more Box/ beam b/d 2
1.95 for 2 or more Box/ beam b/d > 6
2.2 for single plate girder
2(1+c/20/dfor multiple plate girders
A1 = 1.65 x 8.00
= 13.2 sqm
FT = 14.69952 kN
Ft acts at 7.371 m from top of foundation

Ft acts at 8.571 m from bottom of foundation
Force in longtidunal direction = 3.67488 kN (Clause 209.3.6-IRC 6:2014)

(25% of transverse)
Force in Vertical (+/-) Fv = Pz X A3 X G X CL (Clause 209.3.5-IRC 6:2014)

CL = lift coeff = 0.75 for Slab / box / girders and plate girders
A3 = 8x 12.90
= 103.2 sqm
Fv = 78.35695 kN
Force on Live Load

acting at 1.5 m above the road level. (superstr ht - crash barrier ht) c
Force in Transverse direction FT = Pz X A1 X G X Cd 2
A1 = 2x 8 (Clause 209.3.6-IRC 6:2014)
= 16 sqm
FT = 19.43738
Force in longtidunal direction = 4.859345 kN (Clause 209.3.46-IRC 6:2014)

(25% of transverse Box/Plate girder bridge
Ft acts at 10.071 m from bottom of foundation
Force on Abutment Cap
Width of Abutment Cap b = 0.76 m t/b = 16.97368
Height of Abutment Cap h = 0.544455 m h/b = 0.042206
Length of Abutment Cap t = 12.9 m
Cd = 0.8 Table 6 IRC 6:2014
Force in Transverse direction FT = Pz X A1 X G X Cd
A1 = 0.413786 sqm
FT = 0.307195 kN
Ft acts at 7.338773 m from bottom of foundation (Clause 209.3.6-IRC 6:2014)
Force in Longtidunal direction = 0.076799 kN (25% of transverse)
Force on Abutment
Width of Abutment b = 0.61 m t/b = 21.14754
Height of Abutment h = 6.111 m h/b = 0.473721
Length of Abutment t = 12.9 m
Cd = 0.8 Table 6 IRC 6:2014
Force in Transverse direction FT = Pz X A1 X G X Cd
A1 = 3.72771 sqm
FT = 2.767452 kN
Ft acts at 6.111 m from bottom of foundation (Clause 209.3.6-IRC 6:2014)
Force in Longtidunal direction = 0.691863 kN (25% of transverse)
Wind force on moving vehicle : - (Clause 209.3.46-IRC 6:2014,Notes 7)
As per the above clause, the wind intensity on the moving vehicle is taken as 200
acting at 1.5 m above road level
Wind force on moving vehicle = 2 KN /m
Total load on moving vehicle = 0x 2= 0

2
This force will act at 1.50m above road level.
Moment at bottom of pile cap = 0x 1.5 + 0
= 0 KN.m
Summary of Wind Load

Wind on superstr FT FL
Wind force Vertical 7.835695 T
Wind force Horizontal 14.69952 3.67488 T
Moment at top of foundation 7.371 108.3502 27.08754 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 8.571 125.9896 31.4974 Tm
Wind on Abutment Cap

Wind force Horizontal m 0.307195 0.076799 T
Moment at top of foundation 6.138773 1.885798 0.471449 T
Wind on Abutment m
Moment at top of foundation 6.111 16.9119 4.227975 TM
Moment at base of foundn 6.111 16.9119 4.227975 TM
Total wind load on DL only FT FL
Moment at top of foundation 127.1479 31.78696 Tm
Moment at base of foundn 145.1559 36.28898 Tm
Wind on LL FT FL
Wind force Horizontal 4.859345 1.214836
Moment at top of foundation 7.371 35.81824 8.954559 Tm
(With LL load)
(ht of superstr+1m Crash barrier)
09.3.3-IRC 6:2014)
G 2
Cd 1.1
09.3.6-IRC 6:2014)
09.3.5-IRC 6:2014)
CL 0.75
(superstr ht - crash barrier ht) cl209.3.6
(Clause 209.3.6-IRC 6:2014)

G 2
Cd 1.2
09.3.46-IRC 6:2014)
ransverse Box/Plate girder bridge)
G 2
(Clause 209.3.6-IRC 6:2014)

(25% of transverse)
G 2
(Clause 209.3.6-IRC 6:2014)

(25% of transverse)
kg/m
KN
- 0
Design of base raft:- (Normal case) A B

0.967
Z
2.033
161.63 26.25
A B
0.610
4.250 m 3.000 m
90.15 175.44 187.68

207.08
P2
P4 P3
Load combination - 18a is critical : (with front side earth - 70R Tracked - HFL/WET)
P max = 247.88 Kn / m <
2
300 Kn / m2
P min = 90.15 Kn / m2 > 0
Downward load in backside = 2.8 + 3.1 x 18 + 4.571 X 18 + 0.9 +

2 2
= 161.63 Kn / m2
Downward load in front side = 1.20 + 0.9 x 25

2
= 26.25 Kn / m2
Design of heel slab (Section - AA)
Moment at face of abutment wall =
161.63 x 4.250 2 - 90.15 + 175.44 x 4.250 X 2 X 90.15 + 175.44

2 2 90.15 + 175.44
= 388.820 Kn.m/m
Shear force at the face of the abutment wall =
161.63 x 4.250 - 90.15 + 175.44 x 4.250 = 122.560

2
Effective depth required =
388.820 x 10 6 d req = 513 mm
1.48 x 1000 Q = 1.48
J = 0.889

Grade of concrete = 30 Stress in steel = 200 N / mm2
d Provided = 1050 - 75 - 12.5 = 962.5 mm >

SAFE
Reinforcement required, Ast = 388.82 x 10 6 = 2272.04

0.889 x 200 x 962.5
Use 25 mm Rod
Provide 25 dia 158 c/c at top ( Ast Provided: 3105 mm 2 )

Check for shear:

V max = 122.56 Kn
Shear stress, tn = 122.56 x 10 3 = 0.127 N / mm2 < 0.301 n / mm2

1000 x 962.5 SAFE
% Ast = 100 x 3105.22 = 0.32 % tc = 0.301 n / mm2 (From table 2B of IRC

1000 x 962.5
Design of toe slab (Section - BB)
Moment at face abutment wall =
247.884 + 187.68 x 3.00 X 2 X 247.884 + 187.68 x 3.00 - 26.25

2 247.884 + 187.68 3
= 907.05 Kn. m/ m
Effective depth required= 907.05 x 10 6 = 783 mm<

1.48 x 1000 SAFE
Effective depth Provided = 1050 - 75 - 8.0 = 967.0 mm
Reinforcement required, Ast: 907.05 x 10 6 = 5276 mm2

0.889 x 200 x 967
Use 25 mm Rod
Provide 25 dia 150 C/C at bottom (Ast provided = 3271 mm2
Check for Shear:
Shear force is calculated at a distance d = 967.0 mm (As per Cl 707.2.4 of IRC 78: 2000)
Shear force = 207.08 + 247.884 x 2.033 - 26.25 x 2.033

2
= 409.10 Kn/m
Total depth at critical section = 1578 mm
Effective depth at critical section = 1578 - 75 - 12.50 = 1491 mm
Shear stress, t n = 409.10 x 10 3 = 0.274 n / mm2 < 0.220

1000 X 1491 UNSAFE

1000 x 1491
Distribution Steel:- Min. Ast = 0.15 x 1000 x 1050 = 1575 =

(cl - 707.2.7 of IRC - 78) 100 2
Provide 12 @ 130 c/c AST Provided = 873 mm 2

Critical
section
2.033 for shear.
26.25
247.88
P1
+ 1.2 x 25
175.44 x 4.250
175.44 3
Kn/m

513 mm
2272.04 mm2

n / mm2
(From table 2B of IRC - 21)
26.25 x 3.00 2
2
###
967 mm
mm2
(As per Cl 707.2.4 of IRC 78: 2000)
2.033
0.220 n / mm2
UNSAFE

787.5 mm 2

XIII) Force and moment due to wind force;-

(I) Low water level /DRY condition:-
case - a (Ref. cl - 212.2 of IRC - 6 - 2000)
Superstructure:-
Exposed area of crash barrier = 1 x 8.00 = 8 m2
Exposed area of beam & slab = 0.65 x 8.00 = 5.2 m2
Total exposed area of super structure = 13.2 m2
a k e = 13.2
2
= 6.6 m2
Average height of super structure
o n
= 1
tt
+
2
0.65 = 0.825 m
d
C.G. of the above area above BL = 0.825 + 121.500 - 117.889 = 4.436 m
Intensity of wind force at this level = 65.18 Kg/m2 = 0.6518 Kn/m2

(Ref table - 4 - of IRC : 6)
Wind force = 6.6 x 0.6518 = 4.3 Kn
Moment at bottom of foundation = 4.3 x 4.436 + 117.889- 113.889 = 36.27 Kn.m
case - b (Ref. cl - 212.4 of IRC - 6 - 2000)

As per the above clause, the wind intensity on the moving vehicle is taken as 3 kn/m
acting at 1.5 m above the road level.
Wind force = 3 x 8.00 = 12 Kn

2
Lever arm = 1.5+ 122.46 - 113.889 = 10.071 m
Moment at bottom of foundation = 12 x 10.071 = 120.85 Kn.m
Wind force under case-a + case-b = 4.3 + 12 = 16.3 Kn

Wind moment under case-a + case-b = 36.27 + 120.85 = 157.12 Kn.m
case - c (Ref. cl - 212.6 of IRC - 6 - 2000)

As per the above clause the wind intensity on loaded structure is taken as 4.5 kn/m acting at
road top level.
Wind force = 4.5x 8.00 = 18 Kn

2
Lever arm = 122.46 - 113.889 = 8.571 m

Moment at bottom of foundation = 18 x 8.571 = 154.28 kn.m
Maximum wind force of (a + b) and c = 18 kn

Maximum wind moment of (a + b) and c = 157.12 Kn.m
case - d (Ref. cl - 212.7 of IRC - 6 - 2000)

As per the above clause the wind intensity on unloaded structure is taken as 2.4 kn/m 2 of the
structure.
Exposed area of super structure = 6.6 m2
Wind force = 2.4 x 6.6 = 15.84 Kn
Lever arm = 0.825 + 121.500 - 113.889 = 8.436 m
Moment at bottom of foundation = 15.84 x 8.436 = 133.63 Kn.m
(I) High flood level condition:-

Superstructure:-
Exposed area of crash barrier = 1 x 7.96 = 7.96 m2
= 13.13 = 6.565 m2
2
Average height of super structure = 1 + 0.65 = 0.825 m

2
C.G. of the above area above HFL = 0.825 + 121.500 - 120.600 = 1.725 m

Wind force = 6.565 x 0.5035 = 3.31 Kn
Moment at bottom of foundation = 3.310 x 1.725 + 120.600- 113.889 == 27.92 Kn.m


Wind force = 3 x 7.96 = 11.94 Kn

2
Lever arm = 1.5 + 122.46 - 113.889 = 10.071 m
Wind force under case-a + case-b = 3.31 + 11.94 = 15.25 Kn


road top level.
Wind force = 4.5 x 7.96 = 17.91 Kn
2
Lever arm = 122.46 - 113.889 = 8.571 m
Moment at bottom of foundation = 17.91 x 8.571 = 153.51 kn.m
Maximum wind force of (a + b) and c = 17.91 kn


structure.
Wind force = 2.4 x 6.565 = 15.76 Kn
Lever arm = 0.825 + 121.500 - 113.889 = 8.436 m

-
The design force and moments due to wind are tabulated below:-
Transverse
S.No. Load case
Force Moment
1 LWL/DRY+service condition 18.00 157.12
2 HFL+service condition 17.91 153.51
3 Unloaded condition 15.76 132.95

SUMMARY OF FORCES AND MOMENTS AT BOTTOM OF FOUNDATION:-
S. MO (Kn.m) MR (Kn.m)
Load Description V (kn)
No
LWL/DRY condition
DL + SDL + self wt. (i)
1a 10549.62 - 48808.39
No Earth on front side
b (ii) Earth on front side 12202.11 - 51111.12
self weight
2a 9526.56 - 45731.03
(i) No Earth on front side
3 Scour alround 4991.46 18794.67
HFL condition
DL + SDL + self wt.
4a 8676.96 - 39784.90
self weight
5a 7653.90 - 36707.54
6 Scour alround 4197.24 15585.06
7 LIVE LOAD
i) Class - A -2 - Lane + Centrifugal Force 472.53 - 1421.37
ii) 7OR Wheeled + Centrifugal Force 437.59 - 1316.27
iii) 7OR Tracked + Centrifugal Force 506.94 - 1524.88
8 Longitudinal forces&moments - - -
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 -
ii) 70R wheeled - 3893.25 -
iii) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 -
iv) Span unloaded condition - 0.00 -
9 Vertical component of braking
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane 33.83 - 101.76
ii) 70R wheeled 38.86 - 116.89
iii) 70R Tracked 40.00 - 120.32
10 Earth Pressure (LWL) - 7296.89 -

11 Earth Pressure (HFL) - 6209.88 -

12 Fluid Pressure - 6912.68 -
13 Live Load surcharge Pressure - 3039.58 -
14 Wind Force
i) LWL + service condition - - -
ii) HFL + service condition - - -
iii) Unloaded condition - - -

When the live load will be on span, the next train of load on embankment will be atleast 20m away from the ba
Hence there will be no surcharge pressure effect on abutment when live load will be on span.
A) Low water level condition :-
I ) No Earth on Frontside condition

a) Span loaded condition:-
Load Combination:- 1
S.no Description V (kn) MO (Kn.m) MR (Kn.m)

1 DL+SDL+self wt. (LWL/DRY) 10549.62 - 48808.39
2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37
3 Longitudinal force&moment
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 -
4 Vertical component of braking 33.83 - 101.76
5 Earth(LWL/DRY) / Fluid Pressure - 7296.89 -
6 Wind Force
i) LWL/DRY + service condition - - -
a)Total without wind 11055.98 11190.14 50331.52
b)Total with wind 11055.98 11190.14 50331.52

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL/DRY) 10549.62 - 48808.39
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 11026.07 11190.14 50241.55


2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 11096.56 11190.14 50453.59

b) Span unloaded condition:-


i) Shear deformation - 4383.81 -
4 Live load surcharge - 3039.58 -
5 Wind Force
i) unloaded condition - - -
b)Total with wind 10549.62 14720.28 48808.39
c) Span not laid condition:-


1 self wt.(LWL/DRY) 9526.56 - 45731.03
a)Total without wind only 9526.56 7296.89 45731.03
II ) Earth on Frontside condition


2 LL - Class - A - 2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 12708.47 11190.14 52634.25


2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 12678.56 11190.14 52544.28


2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 12749.05 11190.14 52756.32


5 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 12202.11 14720.28 51111.12


1 self wt.(LWL/DRY) 11179.05 - 48033.76

B) High flood level condition :-


1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90
2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 -
5 Earth(HFL) / Fluid Pressure - 6912.68 -
6 Wind Force
i) HFL + service condition - - -
b)Total with wind 9183.32 10805.93 41308.03

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 9153.41 10805.93 41218.06

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 -


6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 9223.90 10805.93 41430.10



1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90
5 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 8676.96 14336.07 39784.90


1 self wt.(HFL) 7653.90 - 36707.54


1 DL+SDL+self wt(HFL) 11378.61 - 43566.94
2 LL - Class - A - 2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 11884.97 10805.93 45090.07


1 DL+SDL+self wt(HFL) 11378.61 - 43566.94
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 11855.06 10805.93 45000.10

1 DL+SDL+self wt (HFL) 11378.61 - 43566.94
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 11925.55 10805.93 45212.14



1 DL+SDL+self wt 11378.61 - 43566.94
5 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 11378.61 14336.07 43566.94


1 self wt.(HFL) 10355.55 - 40489.58

Stability Check:-
I) Stability against sliding:- m = 0.5 (Ref. CL - 706.3.4 of IRC - 78 - 2000)
Factor of safety = mv > 1.50
HL
ii) Stability against overturning:-
Factor of safety = MR 2
MO
S. HL (Kn) FS against MR (Kn.m) MO (Kn.m) FS against
LC V (kn)
NO sliding overturning
1 1a 11055.98 2967.59 1.86 50331.52 11190.14 4.50
2 1b 11055.98 2967.59 1.86 50331.52 11190.14 4.50
3 2a 11026.07 2967.59 1.86 50241.55 11190.14 4.49
4 2b 11026.07 2967.59 1.86 50241.55 11190.14 4.49
5 3a 11096.56 2967.59 1.87 50453.59 11190.14 4.51
6 3b 11096.56 2967.59 1.87 50453.59 11190.14 4.51
7 4a 10549.62 3640.36 1.45 48808.39 14720.28 3.32
8 4b 10549.62 3640.36 1.45 48808.39 14720.28 3.32
9 5a 9526.56 2419.56 1.97 45731.03 7296.89 6.27
10 6a 12708.47 2967.59 2.14 52634.25 11190.14 4.70
11 6b 12708.47 2967.59 2.14 52634.25 11190.14 4.70
12 7a 12678.56 2967.59 2.14 52544.28 11190.14 4.70
13 7b 12678.56 2967.59 2.14 52544.28 11190.14 4.70
14 8a 12749.05 2967.59 2.15 52756.32 11190.14 4.71
15 8b 12749.05 2967.59 2.15 52756.32 11190.14 4.71
16 9a 12202.11 3640.36 1.68 51111.12 14720.28 3.47
17 9b 12202.11 3640.36 1.68 51111.12 14720.28 3.47
18 10a 11179.05 2419.56 2.31 48033.76 7296.89 6.58
19 11a 9183.32 2967.59 1.55 41308.03 10805.93 3.82
20 11b 9183.32 2967.59 1.55 41308.03 10805.93 3.82
21 12a 9153.41 2967.59 1.54 41218.06 10805.93 3.81
22 12b 9153.41 2967.59 1.54 41218.06 10805.93 3.81
23 13a 9223.90 2967.59 1.55 41430.10 10805.93 3.83
24 13b 9223.90 2967.59 1.55 41430.10 10805.93 3.83
25 14a 8676.96 3640.36 1.19 39784.90 14336.07 2.78
26 14b 8676.96 3640.36 1.19 39784.90 14336.07 2.78
27 15a 7653.90 2419.56 1.58 36707.54 6912.68 5.31
28 16a 11884.97 2967.59 2.00 45090.07 10805.93 4.17
29 16b 11884.97 2967.59 2.00 45090.07 10805.93 4.17
30 17a 11855.06 2967.59 2.00 45000.10 10805.93 4.16
31 17b 11855.06 2967.59 2.00 45000.10 10805.93 4.16
32 18a 11925.55 2967.59 2.01 45212.14 10805.93 4.18
33 18b 11925.55 2967.59 2.01 45212.14 10805.93 4.18
34 19a 11378.61 3640.36 1.60 43566.94 14336.07 3.04
35 19b 11378.61 3640.36 1.60 43566.94 14336.07 3.04
36 20a 10355.55 2419.56 2.14 40489.58 6912.68 5.86

(Normal case)
MT (Kn.m) HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
0.00 -
-
0.00 - -
0.00 -
-
0.00 - -
0.00
0.00 -
-
0.00 - -
0.00 -
-
0.00 - -
0.00
1592.17 67.19 -
1724.06 67.19 -
1886.59 67.19 -
- - -
- 480.84 174.94
- 480.84 174.94
- 480.84 174.94
- 0.00 -
- - -
- - -
- - -
- 2286.36 -

- 1841.64 -
- 2419.56 -
- 709.27 -
-
157.12 - 18.00
153.51 - 17.91
132.95 - 15.76

oad on embankment will be atleast 20m away from the backside of dirt wall,
abutment when live load will be on span.

0.00 - -
1592.17 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
157.12 - 18
1592.17 2967.59 174.94
1749.29 2967.59 192.94

0.00 - -
1724.06 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
157.12 - 18
1724.06 2967.59 174.94
1881.18 2967.59 192.94

0.00 - -
1886.59 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
-
157.12 - 18
1886.59 2967.59 174.94
2043.71 2967.59 192.94


0.00 - -
- 511.53 -
- 2419.56 -
- 709.27 -
-
132.95 - 15.76
0.00 3640.36 -
132.95 3640.36 15.76

0.00 - -
- 2419.56 -
0.00 2419.56 -

0.00 - -
1592.17 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
157.12 - 18
1592.17 2967.59 174.94
1749.29 2967.59 192.94


0.00 - -
1724.06 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
157.12 - 18
1724.06 2967.59 174.94
1881.18 2967.59 192.94


0.00 - -
1886.59 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
-
157.12 - 18
1886.59 2967.59 174.94
2043.71 2967.59 192.94

0.00 - -
- 511.53 -
- 2419.56 -
- 709.27 -
-
132.95 - 15.76
0.00 3640.36 -
132.95 3640.36 15.76

0.00 - -
- 2419.56 -
0.00 2419.56 -


0.00 - -
1592.17 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
153.51 - 17.91
1592.17 2967.59 174.94
1745.68 2967.59 192.85

0.00 - -
1724.06 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
153.51 - 17.91
1724.06 2967.59 174.94
1877.57 2967.59 192.85

0.00 - -
1886.59 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94

- - -
- 2419.56 -
-
153.51 - 17.91
1886.59 2967.59 174.94
2040.10 2967.59 192.85


0.00 - -
- 511.53 -
- 2419.56 -
- 709.27 -
-
132.95 - 15.76
0.00 3640.36 -
132.95 3640.36 15.76

0.00 - -
- 2419.56 -
0.00 2419.56 -

0.00 - -
1592.17 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
153.51 - 17.91
1592.17 2967.59 174.94
1745.68 2967.59 192.85


0.00 - -
1724.06 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
153.51 - 17.91
1724.06 2967.59 174.94
1877.57 2967.59 192.85

0.00 - -
1886.59 67.19 -
- 480.84 174.94
- - -
- 2419.56 -
-
153.51 - 17.91
1886.59 2967.59 174.94
2040.10 2967.59 192.85


0.00 - -
- 511.53 -
- 2419.56 -
- 709.27 -
-
132.95 - 15.76
0.00 3640.36 -
132.95 3640.36 15.76

0.00 - -
- 2419.56 -
0.00 2419.56 -


Calculation of forces and moments at C.G. of abutment base:- (Normal case)

Plan dimension of abutment base 12.9 x 7.860 m
V V
MO ML
MR
3.930 m 3.930 m 3.930 m 3.930 m

7.860 m
Transferring the forces and moments to C.G of abutment base from toe, ML = 3.93 V + MO
Load
S.No Combin At toe of Abutment base At C.G.
ation
V (Kn) MO(Kn.m) MR (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m) V (Kn)
1 1a 11055.980 11190.140 50331.520 1592.17 11055.980
2 1b 11055.980 11190.140 50331.520 1749.290 11055.980
3 2a 11026.070 11190.140 50241.550 1724.060 11026.070
4 2b 11026.070 11190.140 50241.550 1881.180 11026.070
5 3a 11096.560 11190.140 50453.590 1886.590 11096.560
6 3b 11096.560 11190.140 50453.590 2043.710 11096.560
7 4a 10549.620 14720.280 48808.390 0.000 10549.620
8 4b 10549.620 14720.280 48808.390 132.950 10549.620
9 5a 9526.560 7296.890 45731.030 0.000 9526.560
10 6a 12708.470 11190.140 52634.250 1592.170 12708.470
11 6b 12708.470 11190.140 52634.250 1749.290 12708.470
12 7a 12678.560 11190.140 52544.280 1724.060 12678.560
13 7b 12678.560 11190.140 52544.280 1881.180 12678.560
14 8a 12749.050 11190.140 52756.320 1886.590 12749.050
15 8b 12749.050 11190.140 52756.320 2043.710 12749.050
16 9a 12202.110 14720.280 51111.120 0.000 12202.110
17 9b 12202.110 14720.280 51111.120 132.950 12202.110
18 10a 11179.050 7296.890 48033.760 0.000 11179.050
19 11a 9183.320 10805.930 41308.030 1592.170 9183.320
20 11b 9183.320 10805.930 41308.030 1745.680 9183.320
21 12a 9153.410 10805.930 41218.060 1724.060 9153.410
22 12b 9153.410 10805.930 41218.060 1877.570 9153.410
23 13a 9223.900 10805.930 41430.100 1886.590 9223.900
24 13b 9223.900 10805.930 41430.100 2040.100 9223.900
25 14a 8676.960 14336.070 39784.900 0.000 8676.960
26 14b 8676.960 14336.070 39784.900 132.950 8676.960

27 15a 7653.900 6912.680 36707.540 0.000 7653.900

28 16a 11884.970 10805.930 45090.070 1592.170 11884.970
29 16b 11884.970 10805.930 45090.070 1745.680 11884.970
30 17a 11855.060 10805.930 45000.100 1724.060 11855.060
31 17b 11855.060 10805.930 45000.100 1877.570 11855.060
32 18a 11925.550 10805.930 45212.140 1886.590 11925.550
33 18b 11925.550 10805.930 45212.140 2040.100 11925.550
34 19a 11378.610 14336.070 43566.940 0.000 11378.610
35 19b 11378.610 14336.070 43566.940 132.950 11378.610
36 20a 10355.550 6912.680 40489.580 0.000 10355.550

Calculation of base Pressure

A = 12.9 x 7.860 = 101.39 M2
ZL = 12.9 x 7.860 2 = 132.83 M3 6.450
6
ZT = 7.860 x 12.9 2 = 218.00 M3
6
V + ML + MT 6.45
Base Pressure, P = A ZL ZT
1. Load Combination : 1a (Normal)
P1 = 11055.980 + 4308.62 + 1592.17 109.04 + 32.44 + 7.3
101.39 132.83 218.00
2. Load Combination : 1b(wind)
P2 = 11055.980 + 4308.62 + 1749.290 = 109.04 + 32.44 + 8.02
101.39 132.83 218.00
3. Load Combination : 2a(Normal)
P3 = 11026.070 + 4281.05 + 1724.060 = 108.75 + 32.23 + 7.91
101.39 132.83 218.00
P4 = 11026.070 + 4281.050 + 1881.180 = 108.75 + 32.23 + 8.63
101.39 132.83 218.00
P5 = 11096.560 + 4346.030 + 1886.590 = 109.44 + 32.72 + 8.65
101.39 132.83 218.00
6. Load Combination : 3b(Wind)
P6 = 11096.560 + 4346.030 + 2043.710 = 109.44 + 32.72 + 9.37
101.39 132.83 218.00
P7 = 10549.620 + 7371.900 + 0.000 = 104.05 + 55.50 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P8 = 10549.620 + 7371.900 + 132.950 = 104.05 + 55.50 + 0.61
101.39 132.83 218.00
P9 = 9526.560 + -994.760 + 0.000 = 93.96 + -7.49 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P10 = 12708.470 + 8500.180 + 1592.170 = 125.34 + 63.99 + 7.30
101.39 132.83 218.00


P11 = 12708.470 + 8500.180 + 1749.290 = 125.34 + 63.99 + 8.02
101.39 132.83 218.00
P12 = 12678.560 + 8472.600 + 1724.060 = 125.05 + 63.79 + 7.91
101.39 132.83 218.00
P13 = 12678.560 + 8472.600 + 1881.180 = 125.05 + 63.79 + 8.63
101.39 132.83 218.00
P14 = 12749.050 + 8537.590 + 1886.590 = 125.74 + 64.28 + 8.65
101.39 132.83 218.00
P15 = 12749.050 + 8537.590 + 2043.710 = 125.74 + 64.28 + 9.37
101.39 132.83 218.00


P16 = 12202.110 + 11563.450 + 0.000 = 120.35 + 87.06 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P17 = 12202.110 + 11563.450 + 132.950 = 120.35 + 87.06 + 0.61
101.39 132.83 218.00
P18 = 11179.050 + 3196.800 + 0.000 = 110.26 + 24.07 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P21 = 9183.320 + 5588.350 + 1592.170 = 90.57 + 42.07 + 7.30
101.39 132.83 218.00
P22 = 9183.320 + 5588.350 + 1745.680 = 90.57 + 42.07 + 8.01
101.39 132.83 218.00
P23 = 9153.410 + 5560.770 + 1724.060 = 90.28 + 41.87 + 7.91
101.39 132.83 218.00
P24 = 9153.410 + 5560.770 + 1877.570 = 90.28 + 41.87 + 8.61
101.39 132.83 218.00
P25 = 9223.900 + 5625.760 + 1886.590 = 90.97 + 42.35 + 8.65
101.39 132.83 218.00
P26 = 9223.900 + 5625.760 + 2040.100 = 90.97 + 42.35 + 9.36
101.39 132.83 218.00
P27 = 8676.960 + 8651.620 + 0.000 = 85.58 + 65.13 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P28 = 8676.960 + 8651.620 + 132.950 = 85.58 + 65.13 + 0.61
101.39 132.83 218.00
P29 = 7653.900 + 284.970 + 0.000 = 75.49 + 2.15 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P30 = 11884.970 + 12423.790 + 1592.170 = 117.22 + 93.53 + 7.30
101.39 132.83 218.00

P31 = 11884.970 + 12423.790 + 1745.680 = 117.22 + 93.53 + 8.01

101.39 132.83 218.00
P32 = 11855.060 + 12396.220 + 1724.060 = 116.93 + 93.33 + 7.91
101.39 132.83 218.00
P33 = 11855.060 + 12396.220 + 1877.570 = 116.93 + 93.33 + 8.61
101.39 132.83 218.00


P34 = 11925.550 + 12461.200 + 1886.590 = 117.62 + 93.82 + 8.65
101.39 132.83 218.00
P35 = 11925.550 + 12461.200 + 2040.100 = 117.62 + 93.82 + 9.36
101.39 132.83 218.00
P36 = 11378.610 + 15487.070 + 0.000 = 112.23 + 116.60 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P37 = 11378.610 + 15487.070 + 132.950 = 112.23 + 116.60 + 0.61
101.39 132.83 218.00
P38 = 10355.550 + 7120.410 + 0.000 = 102.14 + 53.61 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
Normal case:-
SBC = 300 Kn / m2
Pmax = 228.83 Kn / m2 < SBC
Pmin = 15.15 Kn / m2 > 0 SAFE
Wind case:-
SBC = 375 Kn / m2 Safe Bearing capacity has been inreased 25% f
as per cl- 706.1.2 of IRC - 78
Pmax = 229.44 Kn / m2 < SBC
Pmin = 14.44 Kn / m2 > 0 SAFE

- MR
At C.G. of abutment base
V (Kn) ML (Kn.M) MT (Kn.M)

11055.980 4308.62 1592.17
11055.980 4308.62 1749.29
11026.070 4281.05 1724.06
11026.070 4281.050 1881.18
11096.560 4346.030 1886.590
11096.560 4346.030 2043.71
10549.620 7371.900 0.00
10549.620 7371.900 132.95
9526.560 -994.760 0.00
12708.470 8500.180 1592.17
12708.470 8500.180 1749.29
12678.560 8472.600 1724.06
12678.560 8472.600 1881.18
12749.050 8537.590 1886.59
12749.050 8537.590 2043.71
12202.110 11563.450 0.00
12202.110 11563.450 132.95
11179.050 3196.800 0.00
9183.320 5588.350 1592.17
9183.320 5588.350 1745.68
9153.410 5560.770 1724.06
9153.410 5560.770 1877.57
9223.900 5625.760 1886.59
9223.900 5625.760 2040.10
8676.960 8651.620 0.00
8676.960 8651.620 132.95

7653.900 284.970 0.00

11884.970 12423.790 1592.17
11884.970 12423.790 1745.68
11855.060 12396.220 1724.06
11855.060 12396.220 1877.57
11925.550 12461.200 1886.59
11925.550 12461.200 2040.10
11378.610 15487.070 0.00
11378.610 15487.070 132.95
10355.550 7120.410 0.00

3.930 3.930
ML
12.9
MT
7.860 m
Pmax = 148.78 Kn / m
2
Pmin = 69.30 Kn / m2
149.50 Kn / m
2
8.02 Pmax =
Pmin = 68.58 Kn / m2
148.89 Kn / m
2
7.91 Pmax =
Pmin = 68.61 Kn / m2
149.61 Kn / m
2
8.63 Pmax =
Pmin = 67.89 Kn / m2
150.81 Kn / m
2
Pmax =
Pmin = 68.07 Kn / m2
151.53 Kn / m
2
9.37 Pmax =
Pmin = 67.35 Kn / m2
159.55 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = 48.55 Kn / m2
160.16 Kn / m
2
0.61 Pmax =
Pmin = 47.94 Kn / m2
86.47 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = 101.45 Kn / m2
196.63 Kn / m
2
7.30 Pmax =
Pmin = 54.05 Kn / m2

197.35 Kn / m
2
8.02 Pmax =
Pmin = 53.33 Kn / m2
196.75 Kn / m
2
7.91 Pmax =
Pmin = 53.35 Kn / m2
197.47 Kn / m
2
8.63 Pmax =
Pmin = 52.63 Kn / m2
198.67 Kn / m
2
8.65 Pmax =
Pmin = 52.81 Kn / m2
199.39 Kn / m
2
9.37 Pmax =
Pmin = 52.09 Kn / m2

207.41 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = 33.29 Kn / m2
208.02 Kn / m
2
0.61 Pmax =
Pmin = 32.68 Kn / m2
134.3 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = 86.2 Kn / m2
139.94 Kn / m
2
7.30 Pmax =
Pmin = 41.20 Kn / m2
140.65 Kn / m
2
8.01 Pmax =
Pmin = 40.49 Kn / m2
140.06 Kn / m
2
7.91 Pmax =
Pmin = 40.50 Kn / m2
140.76 Kn / m
2
8.61 Pmax =
Pmin = 39.80 Kn / m2
141.97 Kn / m
2
8.65 Pmax =
Pmin = 39.97 Kn / m2
142.68 Kn / m
2
9.36 Pmax =
Pmin = 39.26 Kn / m2
150.71 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = 20.45 Kn / m2
151.32 Kn / m
2
0.61 Pmax =
Pmin = 19.84 Kn / m2
77.64 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = 73.34 Kn / m2
218.05 Kn / m
2
7.30 Pmax =
Pmin = 16.39 Kn / m2

218.76 Kn / m
2
8.01 Pmax =
Pmin = 15.68 Kn / m2
218.17 Kn / m
2
7.91 Pmax =
Pmin = 15.69 Kn / m2
218.87 Kn / m
2
8.61 Pmax =
Pmin = 14.99 Kn / m2

220.09 Kn / m
2
8.65 Pmax =
Pmin = 15.15 Kn / m2
220.80 Kn / m
2
9.36 Pmax =
Pmin = 14.44 Kn / m2
228.83 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = -4.37 Kn / m2
229.44 Kn / m
2
0.61 Pmax =
Pmin = -4.98 Kn / m2
155.75 Kn / m
2
0.00 Pmax =
Pmin = 48.53 Kn / m2
Safe Bearing capacity has been inreased 25% for wind case -

Design of base raft:- (Normal case) A B

0.967
Z
2.033
161.63 26.25
A B
0.610
4.250 m 3.000 m
15.15 130.69 147.27

173.56
Load combination - 18a is critical : (with front side earth - 70R Tracked - HFL/WET)
P max = 228.83 Kn / m <
2
300 Kn / m2
P min = 15.15 Kn / m2 > 0
Downward load in backside = 2.8 + 3.1 x 18 + 4.571 X 18 + 0.9 +

2 2
= 161.63 Kn / m2
Downward load in front side = 1.20 + 0.9 x 25

2
= 26.25 Kn / m2
161.63 x 4.250 2 - 15.15 + 130.69 x 4.250 X 2 X 15.15 + 130.69

2 2 15.15 + 130.69
= 975.070 Kn.m/m
161.63 x 4.250 - 15.15 + 130.69 x 4.250 = 377.020

2
975.070 x 10 6 d req = 812 mm
1.48 x 1000 Q = 1.48
J = 0.889

Grade of concrete = 30 Stress in steel = 200 N / mm2
d Provided = 1050 - 75 - 16 = 959 mm >

SAFE
Reinforcement required, Ast = 975.07 x 10 6 = 5718.54

0.889 x 200 x 959
Use 32 mm Rod
Provide 32 dia 130 c/c at top ( Ast Provided: 6183 mm 2 )

Check for shear:

V max = 377.02 Kn
Shear stress, tn = 377.02 x 10 3 = 0.393 N / mm2 < 0.352 n / mm2

1000 x 959 UNSAFE

1000 x 959
228.830 + 147.27 x 3.00 X 2 X 228.830 + 147.27 x 3.00 - 26.25

2 228.830 + 147.27 3
= 789.27 Kn. m/ m
Effective depth required= 789.27 x 10 6 = 730 mm<

1.48 x 1000 SAFE
Effective depth Provided = 1050 - 75 - 8.0 = 967.0 mm
Reinforcement required, Ast: 789.27 x 10 6 = 4591 mm2

0.889 x 200 x 967
Use 25 mm Rod
Provide 25 dia 99 C/C at bottom (Ast provided = 4956 mm2
Check for Shear:
Shear force is calculated at a distance d = 967.0 mm (As per Cl 707.2.4 of IRC 78: 2000)
Shear force = 173.56 + 228.830 x 2.033 - 26.25 x 2.033

2
= 355.66 Kn/m
Total depth at critical section = 1578 mm
Effective depth at critical section = 1578 - 75 - 12.50 = 1491 mm
Shear stress, t n = 355.66 x 10 3 = 0.239 n / mm2 < 0.256

1000 X 1491 SAFE

1000 x 1491

(cl - 707.2.7 of IRC - 78) 100 2
Provide 10 @ 97 c/c AST Provided = 812 mm 2

Critical
section
2.033 for shear.
26.25
228.83
+ 1.2 x 25
130.69 x 4.250
130.69 3
Kn/m

812 mm
5718.54 mm2

n / mm2
26.25 x 3.00 2
2
###
967 mm
mm2
(As per Cl 707.2.4 of IRC 78: 2000)
2.033
0.256 n / mm2

787.5 mm 2

Design of Abutment wall:-

200 220 340
122.46
B.O.D
0.960 121.50 121.500
121.2
760
7.371 0.76 H.F.L 120.6
6.411 C.G
B.L 117.889
610
0.61 115.089
I) Calculation of restoring moment at bottom of Abutment wall :- LWL/DRY condition
Eccentricity
S.N Vertical about CL of
Description of Load
o Load(KN) Abutment
wall (m)

0.340 x 0.471 x 12.9 x 25 51.650 -0.285

0.760 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 96.68 -0.075
2
0.61 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 77.60 0.000
2
0.5 x 0.15 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 9.54 -0.355
2
4 Weight of abutment wall:- (above bed level)
3.311 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 25 651.36 0.000
5 Weight of abutment wall:- (below bed level)

2.800 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 14 308.46 0.000

Total 2218.35
Self weight of abutment wall :- Total 1195.29

Restoring
Moment
(Kn - m)
107.42
-14.72
-7.25
0.00
-3.39
0.00
0.00

82.06
-25.36

II) Calculation of restoring moment at bottom of Abutment wall:- HFL condition
Eccentricity
S.N Vertical about Cl of
Description of Load
o Load(KN) Abutment
wall (m)

0.340 x 0.471 x 12.9 x 25 51.650 -0.285

0.760 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 96.68 -0.075
2
0.61 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 77.60 0.000
2
0.5 x 0.15 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 9.54 -0.355
2
4 Weight of abutment wall:- (above HFL)

0.600 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 25 118.04 0.000
5 Weight of abutment wall:- (below HFL)

5.511 x 0.610 x 12.9 x 14 607.12 0.000
Total 1983.69
Self weight of abutment wall :- Total 960.63

HFL condition
Restoring
Moment
(Kn - m)
107.42
-14.72
-7.25
0.00
-3.39
0.00
0.00
82.06
-25.36

III) Calculation of maximum live load Reaction and tranverse moment at bottom
of abutment wall :-
I) Class A - 2 lane:-
Vertical load = 472.53 Kn
Moment due to vertical load = 472.53 x 0.105 = 49.62 Kn.m
Transverse moment = 1592.17 Kn.m
ii) 70 R wheeled: -
iii) Class - 70 R Tracked

IV) Forces and moment due to longitudinal force:-

Span loaded condition:- Total Longitudinal force = Fh/2 (OR) µg
Total force = 511.53 + 0.00 = 511.53 Kn
Overturning moment at = 511.53 x 121.500 - 115.089 = 3279.42 Kn.m

bottom of abutment wall
II) 70R Wheeled :-

Total force = 511.53 + 0.00 = 511.53 Kn

III) 70R Tracked:-

Total force = 511.53 + 0.00 = 511.53 Kn

Horrizontal force in longitudinal direction

Longidutinal force due to friction = 0.5 X 1023.06 = 511.53 Kn
Overturning moment at = 511.53 x 121.500 - 115.09

= 3279.42 Kn.m
V) Forces and moment due to vertical component of braking force:-

This force will act at 1.2 m above the road level.
Vertical reaction = 118.40 x 1.20 + 122.46 - 121.500 = 33.83 Kn.
7.56
Restoring moment at = 33.83 x 0.105 = 3.55 Kn.m

II) 70R Wheeled :-

7.56

III) 70R Tracked:-

7.56



VI) Calculation of forces & moments due to earth Pressure at bottom of abutment wall:-
RTL - 122.46 Cos 20 = 0.940

Sin 20 = 0.342
4.571 1.86
HFL- 120.600 ka = 0.279
2.711 (Dry)g = 18 KN / M3
2.8
1.200
2
Pressure due to soil = 0.279 x 18 x 7.371 x 13.72 = 1871.78 Kn
2
Moment @ bottom of = 1871.78 x 0.42 x 7.371 = 5794.69 Kn.m
abutment wall
Total Horizontal = 1871.78 Kn
Total moment for = 5794.69 Kn.m

2
Pressure due to soil = 0.279 x 18.00 x 1.86 x 13.72 = 119.19 Kn
above HFL 2
Moment @ bottom of = 119.19 x 0.42 x 1.86 + 5.511 = 749.97 Kn.m
abutment wall

Pressure due to surcharge = 0.279 x 18.00 x 1.86 x 5.511 x 13.72 = 706.28 Kn
of soil above HFL
Moment @ bottom of = 706.28 x 5.511 2 = 1946.15 Kn.m
abutment wall
2
Pressure due to soil below HFL = 0.279 x 10 x 5.511 x 13.72 = 581.29 Kn
2
abutment wall
+


condition =
x

x

= x x x x
VII) Force and Moment due to Fluid Pressure :- (cl-217.1 of IRC - 6 - 2000)
Height of wall = 122.46 - 115.089 = 7.371 m

2
Force due to fluid pressure = 4.800 x 7.371 x13.7234 = 1789.48 Kn
for entier length 2
Moment @ bottom of abutment wall 1789.480 x 7.371 = 4396.75 Kn.m
3
VIII) Calculation of live load surcharge Pressure:-
122.46
7.371
H2
115.089
6.030

Pressure
Moment at bottom of
abutment wall = 609.97 X 7.371 = 2248.04 Kn.m
2
Total Over turning moment = 2248.040 Kn.m

at bottom of abutment wall
IX) Force and moment due to buoyancy:-

of the substructure and earth weight it self. So, no need to calculate seperately.

VI) Calculation of forces & moments due to earth Pressure at bottom of abutment wall:-
RTL - 122.46 Cos 20 = 0.940

Sin 20 = 0.342
4.571 1.86
HFL- 120.600 ka = 0.101687
2.711 (Dry)g = 18 KN / M3
2.8
1.200
2
Pressure due to soil =0.1016873 x 18 x 7.371 x 13.72 = 682.21 Kn
2
Moment @ bottom of = 682.21 x x 0.38 = 259.24 Kn.m
abutment wall
Total Horizontal = 682.21 Kn
Total moment for = 259.24 Kn.m

2
Pressure due to soil =0.1016873 x 18.00 x 1.86 x 13.72 = 43.44 Kn
above HFL 2
Moment @ bottom of = 43.44 x x 0.38 + = 16.51 Kn.m
abutment wall

of soil above HFL
abutment wall
2
2
Moment @ bottom of = 211.86 x x 0.380 = 80.51 Kn.m
abutment wall
+


condition =
x

x

= x x x x
Height of wall = 122.46 - 115.089 = 7.371 m

2
Force due to fluid pressure = 4.800 x 7.371 x13.7234 = 1789.48 Kn
for entier length 2
3
VIII) Calculation of live load surcharge Pressure:-
122.46
7.371
H2
115.089
2.200
Live load surcharge 0.1016873

= x 18.00 X 1.2 = 2.200 Kn / m2
Pressure
Moment at bottom of
2
Total Over turning moment = 820.170 Kn.m

at bottom of abutment wall


CALCULATION OF LOADS ON THE ABUTMENT
Overall Span of superstructure 8.00 m

Overall width of superstructure 12.90 m
1 Self Weight LWL HFL

Abutment weight 221.84 T 198.37 T
2 Soil Retained behind

3 Earth Pressure - Horizontal

Force due to EP at bottom of abutment 187.18 T 140.68 T
Moment due to EP at bottom of abutment 579.47 Tm 404.16 Tm
4 Earth Pressure - Vertical

5 Live Load Surcharge - Horizontal Component

6 Live Load Surcharge - Vertical Component

LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR ABUTMENT (ULS load factors)
As per Table 3.2 Basic combination
factors Load Moment
DL of Abutment 1.35 299.48 T T
Soil Dead Load 1.5 833.72 T T
Earth Pressure 1.5 T 280.77 T 869.20
Vert. Comp of EP 1 4.34 T T
Total 303.82 T 280.77 T 869.20

factors Load Moment
Vert. Comp of EP 1 51.27 T T
Total 319.07 T 211.01 T 606.24

factors Load Moment
Vet. Comp of EP 1 4.34 T T
DL of Superstructure 1.35 113.20 T 0 T 0
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0 T 0
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0 T 0
LL Maximun 1.5 82.04 T 0 T 0
bearing force 1.5 0.00 72.126 548.951
Total 526.38 T 352.89 T 1418.15
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 282.989
36.3195 T 482.7092

factors Load Moment
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL MIN 1.5 71.47 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.13 T 548.95
Total 531.05 T 211.01 T 606.24
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 258.6095
36.3195 T 458.3297
factors Load Moment
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL Maximun 1.5 82.04 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.13 T 548.95
Wind (Long) 0.9 7.05 T 4.00 T 32.66
Total 533.43 T 356.89 T 1450.81
Transverse
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 282.989
Wind (trans) 0.9 15.99675 T 130.6403
36.3195 T 482.7092

factors Load Moment
SIDL 1.35 16.81 T 0.00 T 0.00
WC 1.75 10.51 T 0.00 T 0.00
LL MIN 1.5 71.47 T 0.00 T 0.00
bearing force 1.5 0.00 T 72.13 T 548.95
Wind Long 0.9 7.05 T 4.00 T 32.66
Total 538.11 T 287.14 T 1187.85
LL +centrifugal 1.5 10.0785 T 258.6095
Wind (Trans) 0.9 15.99675 T 130.6403
36.3195 T 458.3297
0.6
Moment
Tm Tm Total Overturning Moment 869.20 Tm
Tm 12.73 Tm SLIDING = 0.649267 UN SAFE
OVERTURNING = 0.014645 UN SAFE
Moment
Moment
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 246.78 Tm
0.00
Tm OVERTURNING = 0.481033 UN SAFE
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm Tm Total Overturning Moment 606.24
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 214.97 Tm
0.00
Tm 668.21 Tm SLIDING = 1.510004
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 246.78 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm
Tm
Tm
Tm
Moment
Tm Tm Total Overturning Moment 1187.85
Tm 133.08 Tm
Tm 340.50 Tm
Tm 50.56 Tm
Tm 31.62 Tm
Tm 214.97 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 0.00 Tm
Tm 668.21 Tm SLIDING = 1.124413
Tm
Tm
Tm
Stress check:- (Normal case)

Effective depth for stress check = 610 - 40 - 25 =
Width of section is 12900 mm
Effective cover for tension face = 40 + 12.5 = 52.50 mm

Effective cover for compression face: = 40 + 6.0 = 46.00 mm
IRC:112-2011 Pg.no 173 Cl 16.3.1

Vertical reinforcement
1 The diameter of bar should not be less than 12mm.
2 The total area of the vertical reinforcement should be between 0.0024Ac and 0.04Ac outside the locations
3 This reinforcement should be provided at two faces taking into account the axial force and biaxial bending
4 The distance between two adjacent vertical bars shall not exceed 200mm
Diameter of bar = 12 mm SAFE

Minimum Ast for Vertical steel = 0.24 x 12900 x 610 =
100
Minimum Ast for Vertical steel = 0.4 x 12900 x 610 =
100
Minimum Ast for either side = 0.12 x 12900 x 610 =
100
Spacing of bar = 200 mm SAFE
Horizontal reinforcement Cl 16.3.2

1 25% of the vertical reinforcement or 0.001 Ac Whichever is greater
Minimum Ast for either side = 0.1 x 12900 x 610 =
100
= 25 x 37230 =
100
Minimum Ast for Comp. steel = 31476 = 10492 mm2
3
Assume tension steel (Earth face) Provide 25 mm dia 170 C/C
Compression steel (Other face) Provide 12 mm dia 150 C/C
Horizontally on both faces Provide 10 mm dia 108 c/c
Grade of concrete = M 30
Grade of Steel = Fe 415

Check for shear:-

Design shear force (v) = 2481.75 Kn
Shear stress, tn =

545 mm
be between 0.0024Ac and 0.04Ac outside the locations of laps of vertical steel
taking into account the axial force and biaxial bending, but shall not be less than 0.0012 Ac
18885.6 mm2
31476 mm2 Unsafe
9442.8 mm2 SAFE
7869 mm2
9307.445 mm2 SAFE
Provided Ast = 37230 mm2


ULS Case
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT
case 1 Abutment + Earth Pressure only (LWL CASE)

case 2 Abutment + Earth Pressure only ( HFL CASE)
case 3 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)
case 4 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)
case 5 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (LWL CASE)+WIND
case 6 Abutment + Earth Pressure + DL + LL + BRAKING + BEARING FRICTION (HFL CASE)+WIND
case 1 case 2 case 3

H = Total Horizontal Load = 280.77 211.01 352.89
P = Total Vertical Load = 303.82 319.07 526.38
My = Total Resisting moment = 12.73 30.56 682.18
Total Overturning moment = 869.20 606.24 1418.15
Mx = Total Trans. Moment = 0.00 0.00 482.71
For ultimate axial load less than 0.1fcdAc shall be designed as bending elements clause-7.6.4.1 IRC - 112-2011
H 6.111
T 0.61
10.01803 < 12 SHORT WALL
ULS CASE CHECK As per SP-16 to IS:456 Chart 36
Case case 1 case 2 case 3 case 4 case 5 case 6

B 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
D 610 610 610 610 610 610
fck 30 30 30 30 30 30
Horizontal Load 280.77 211.01 352.89 211.01 356.89 287.14
Vertical Load (Pu) 303.82 319.07 526.38 531.05 533.43 538.11
40.80 41.17 41.35
Mux 12.73 30.56 682.18 668.21 682.18 668.21
52.88
0.99 2.37 52.88 51.80 52.88 51.80
Muy 869.20 606.24 1418.15 606.24 1450.81 1187.85
109.93
p (% assumed) 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47
d' (mm) 50 50 50 50 50 50
p/fck 0.015587273 0.015587 0.0155872728 0.015587 0.015587 0.015587
d'/D 0.081967213 0.081967 0.0819672131 0.081967 0.081967 0.081967
Pu/fckbD 0.166022541 0.174355 0.0222975283 0.290193 0.291492 0.294047
Mu/fckbD^2 6.955792E-07 1.67E-06 2.88973493E-06 3.65E-05 3.73E-05 3.65E-05
Mux1
Mux/Mux1
Input Data
Density of concrete 25 KN/m3 fy/γs
Grade of concrete fck 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel fy 500 N/mm 2
Tensile Strength of concrete fctm 2.8 N/mm2 (Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
Characteristic Yield Strength of Reinforcement fyk 400 N/mm2 Clause-6.2.2 P-29,FIG 6.3
Design Yield Strength of Shear Reinforcement fywd 347.83 N/mm 2
(Clause-10.3.3.2,IRC 112-2011
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel Es 200000 (Clause-6.2.2,Annexure A.4.4.2
Modular ratio αe 6.25 (Clause-12.4.2,Annexure A.4.4
Ultimate Tensile Strain in Steel (fy/γs.Es+0.002)
єs 0.0042
Coefficient of influence of the concrete streng α 0.67 Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P
Slenderness Factor λ 0.8 upto 60Mpa (Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011,
Factor η 1 upto 60Mpa (Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011,
fcd αfck/γm 15.63 Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P
Factor Fav = ηfcd/λ 12.51 (Annexure Fig A 2-4,IRC 112-2
Factor λ/2 β 0.4
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT
ABUT STEM DESIGN

case 1 case 2 case 3 case 4 case 5
Section property
NO of Web 1 1 1 1 1
Width of Beam,B (mm) 12900 12900 12900 12900 12900
Depth of Beam,D (mm) 610 610 610 610 610
Design
Design Shear = KN 2807.67 2110.14 3528.93 2110.14 3568.92
Design Moment = KNm 127.29 305.62 6821.80 6682.07 6821.80
No of layers = 1 1 1 1 1
Dia of Main Bar = mm 25 25 25 25 25
Cover to Reinforceme= mm 50 50 50 50 50
Dia of Transverse bar = mm 0 0 0 0 0
deff provided = 547.5 547.5 547.5 547.5 547.5
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) = 0.003 0.006 0.141 0.138 0.141
k (Web) = 0.650 0.650 0.650 0.650 0.650
fcteff Max of 2.9= 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90
Act web = 4.648 4.648 4.648 4.648 4.648
KC 0.4(1-σc/k1(h/h*)fcteff) 0.382 0.382 0.382 0.382 0.382
Ast min 9633.65 9633.65 9633.65 9633.65 9633.65
Limiting Neu axis depXu max/d = 0.0035/(0.0035+(.8 fy/Es)+0.002) =0.0035/0.0035+єs
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) mm 249.7 249.7 249.7 249.7 249.7
Xu mm 1.4 3.5 82.2 80.4 82.2
Xu >Xu lim Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Ast Required mm 535.302624638 1287.149 30487.86 29821.77 30487.86
2
Minimum Reinforcement Required 0.13% 10229.7 10229.7 10229.7 10229.7 10229.7

Dia of bars mm 25 25 25 25 25
No Of Bars Required 21 21 21 21 21
No Of Bars Provided 75 75 75 75 75
Spacing of Bars 170 170 170 170 170
Reinf Provided 36796.875 36796.88 36796.88 36796.88 36796.88
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Neutral Axis Depth(X) mm 99.2 99.2 99.2 99.2 99.2
Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok
Ult.Moment of resistance Section kNm 8029.5 8029.475 8029.475 8029.475 8029.475
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
MED
Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined compression
Vccd chord
Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined
Vtd tensile chord
αcw
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5

VEd 2807.67 2110.14 3528.93 2110.14 3568.922
Vpd 0 0 0 0 0
VNs 2807.67 2110.14 3528.93 2110.14 3568.922
K 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60
S = (Ay)c 2.400045
fctk 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9
fctd = fctk/γm 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29
σcp 0 0 0 0 0
αcw 1 1 1 1 1
v 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53
ρ1 0.0052 0.0052 0.0052 0.0052 0.0052
q 45 45 45 45 45
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d > (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d
VRd,c 3292.95 3292.95 3292.95 3292.95 3292.95
VRd,c 2632.31 2632.31 2632.31 2632.31 2632.31
VRd,c I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd] EQ 10.4
Moment of Inertia m4 I 0.244004575 0.244005 0.244005 0.244005 0.244005
VRd,c 0 0 0 0 0
VRd,c 3292.95 3292.95 3292.95 3292.95 3292.95
Ved < 29384.5 29384.5 29384.5 29384.5 29384.5
VEd, actual 2807.67 2110.14 3528.93 2110.14 3568.922
Not Reqd Not Reqd Reqd Not Reqd Reqd
WL CASE)+WIND
L CASE)+WIND
case 4 case 5 case 6

211.01 356.89 287.14
531.05 533.43 538.11
668.21 682.18 668.21
606.24 1450.81 1187.85
458.33 482.71 458.33
.1 IRC - 112-2011 1830

434.7826 N/mm2
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)&(P 235)

Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Clause-6.2.2 P-30
Clause-6.2.2 P-29,FIG 6.3
(Clause-10.3.3.2,IRC 112-2011, P-91)
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
(Clause-6.2.2,Annexure A.4.4.2, P-29 IRC 112-2011)
(Clause-12.4.2,Annexure A.4.4.2,IRC 112-2011, P-131)
Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-49

(Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
(Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-48
(Annexure Fig A 2-4,IRC 112-2011, P-243)
case 6 Case 5 Case 6
1 1 1
12900 10000 10000
610 610 610
2871.39 0 0
6682.07 0 0
1 1 1
25 25 25
50 75 75
0 0 0
547.5 522.5 522.5
0.138 0.000 0.000
0.650 0.650 0.650
2.90 2.90 2.90
4.648 3.717 3.717
0.382 0.382 0.382
9633.65 7704.29 7704.29
249.7 238.3 238.3

80.4 0.0 0.0
Safe Safe Safe
29821.77 0 0
10229.7 7930 7930
25 25 25
21 16 16
75 62 62
170 160 160
36796.88 30418.75 30418.75
Safe Safe Safe
99.2 127.9 127.9
Ok Ok Ok
8029.475 6411.63 6411.63
Safe Safe Safe
downwards)

2871.392 0 0
0 0 0
2871.392 0 0
1.60 1.60 1.60
1.9 1.9 1.9

1.29 1.29 1.29
0 0 0
1 1 1
0.53 0.53 0.53
0.0052 0.0058 0.0058
45 45 45
K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d Cl.10.3.2

3292.95 2527.03 2527.03
2632.31 1947.38 1947.38
0.244005 0.244005 0.244005

0 0 0
3292.95 2527.03 2527.03
29384.5 21738.5 21738.5
2871.392 0 0
Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WALL Load combination : 6 b

UNIAXIAL BENDING ON RECTANGULAR SECTION
AS PER TABLE 161 OF REYNOLD'S HANDBOOK
ECCENTRICITY -e IS GREATER THAN 0.5*D
Input Details:
VERTICAL LOAD= 3038.21 KN Depth
MOMENT,ML= 127.29 KNM
MOMENT.MT= 8692.04 KNM
Breath of the section,b(mm)= 12900
Depth of the section,D(mm)= 610
Tension Rein.Ast(sq.mm)= 37229.78
comp. Rein.Asc(sq.mm)= 9721.44
Cover to tension rein.Dt(mm)= 53
Cover to comp. Rein.D'(mm)= 46.00
Modular ratio,m= 10
Grade of concrete-Mix=M 30
Steel =S 415 Dt
(Mod with ass. Of N.A)

Eccentricity,e = 41.89667444 mm>0.5 * D Assume N.A X =
Effective depth,d = 558
0.5 * D = 305 fcr= 2.154
Asume depth of N.A,X= 250 mm fst= -2.268
x/d= 0.448430493
K1= 3225000
Determine depth to centroid of stressed area= (0.5K1X+mAstd+(m-1)AscD')/(K1+mAst+(m-1)Asc)
X1= 166.82241671
% Error = -306.51795
b1= (e-X1)/d+1 b1= 0.775918
b2= (X/(2*d))(1-(X/(3*d))) b2= 0.1907003 Final Fcr= 2.1542992
b3= (m-1)(1-(D'/X)) b3= 7.344 Final Fst= -2.2683752
To determine the stresses substitute evaluateed factors in
fcr= (Nd*b1)/(b2bd+b3Asc(1-(D'/d)) fcr= 1.6405354832 N/Sq.mm

fst= (fcr(0.5K1+b3Asc)-Nd)/Ast fst= -7.406012717 N/Sq.mm
Check the above value, X2= 1016.2949

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
% Error = -306.517952184 < 5%
ZT= 16918350000
Fcr due to MT= 0.5137637536 N/Sq.mm
Fst due to MT= 5.1376375356 N/Sq.mm
Final Fcr= 2.1542992368 N/Sq.mm

Final Fst= -2.2683751815 N/Sq.mm

Breadth
D'
250 mm
N/Sq.mm< 10 N/Sq.mm
N/Sq.mm< 200 N/Sq.mm
(0.5K1X+mAstd+(m-1)AscD')/(K1+mAst+(m-1)Asc)
< 5%
N/Sq.mm< 10 N/Sq.mm

X) Force and moment due to wind force;-

(I) Low water level /DRY condition:-
Superstructure:-
= 13.13 = 6.565 m2
2

2
C.G. of the above area above BL = 0.825+ 121.500 - 117.889 = 4.436 m

Wind force = 6.565 x 0.65 = 4.28 Kn
Moment at bottom of abutment wall = 4.28 x 4.436 + 117.889 - 115.089 = 30.97 Kn.m

Wind force = 3 x 7.96 = 11.94 Kn
2
Lever arm = 1.5 + 122.46 - 115.089 = 8.871 m
Moment at bottom of abutment wall = 11.94 x 8.871 = 105.92 Kn.m


road top level.
Wind force = 4.5 x 7.96 = 17.91 Kn
2
Lever arm = 122.46 - 115.089 = 7.371 m
Moment at bottom of abutment wall = 17.91 x 7.371 = 132.01 kn.m




structure.
Wind force = 2.4 x 6.565 = 15.76 Kn
Lever arm = 0.825 + 121.500 - 115.089 = 7.236 m
(I) High flood level condition:-

Superstructure:-
= 13.13 = 6.565 m2
2

2
C.G. of the above area above HFL = 0.825+ 121.500 - 120.600 = 1.725 m

Wind force = 6.565 x 0.5035 = 3.31 Kn
Moment at bottom of abutment wall = 3.310 x 1.725+ 120.600 - 115.089 = 23.95 Kn.m

Wind force = 3 x 7.96 = 11.94 Kn
2
Lever arm = 1.5 + 122.46 - 115.089 = 8.871 m



road top level.
Wind force = 4.5 x 7.96 = 17.91 Kn
2
Lever arm = 122.46 - 115.089 = 7.371 m
Moment at bottom of abutment = 17.91 x 7.371 = 132.01 kn.m

wall

structure.
Wind force = 2.4 x 6.565 = 15.76 Kn
Lever arm = 0.825 + 121.500 - 115.089 = 7.236 m

The design force and moments due to wind are tabulated below:-
Transverse
S.No. Load case
Force Moment
1 LWL/DRY+service condition 17.91 136.89
2 HFL+service condition 17.91 132.01
3 Unloaded condition 15.76 114.04

SUMMARY OF FORCES AND MOMENTS AT BOTTOM OF ABUTMENT WALL :- (Normal case

S. ML (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m)
NO
LWL/DRY condition
1 DL + SDL + sefl wt. 2218.35 82.06 0.00
2 sefl weight 1195.29 -25.36 0.00
HFL condition
3 DL + SDL + sefl wt. 1983.69 82.06 0.00
4 sefl weight 960.63 -25.36 0.00
5 LIVE LOAD
i) Class - A -2 - Lane + Centrifugal Force 472.53 49.62 1511.55
ii) 7OR Wheeled + Centrifugal Force 437.59 45.95 1643.44
iii) 7OR Tracked + Centrifugal Force 506.94 53.23 1805.97
6 Longitudinal force&moment - - -
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3279.42 -
ii) 70R wheeled - 3279.42 -
iii) 70R Tracked - 3279.42 -
iv) span unloaded condition - - -
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane 33.83 3.55 -
ii) 70R wheeled 38.86 4.08 -
iii) 70R Tracked 40.00 4.20 -
8 Earth Pressure (LWL) - 5794.69 -
9 Earth Pressure (HFL) - 4041.59 -
10 Fluid Pressure - 4396.75 -
11 Live Load surcharge Pressure - 2248.04 -
12 Wind Force
i) LWL + service condition - - 136.89
ii) HFL + service condition - - 132.01
iii) Unloaded condition - - 114.04
WhenLoad
theCombinations:
live load will be -on span, the next train of load on embankment will be atleast 20m away from the b
dirt wall, Hence there will be no surcharge pressure effect on abutment when live load will be on span.
A) Low water level /DRY condition :- 0.5 D = 0.5 x 0.610 =
a) Span loaded condition:- 1.5 D = 1.5 x 0.610 =
Load Combination:- 1 e = ML / V
S.no Description V (kn) ML (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m)
1 DL+SDL+self wt. (LWL/DRY) 2218.35 82.06 0.000
2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 49.62 1511.55

i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3279.42 -
4 Vertical component of braking 33.83 3.55 -
6 Wind Force
i) LWL/DRY + service condition - - 136.89
b)Total with wind 2724.71 9209.34 1648.44
e = 3.380 m >1.5D

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL/DRY) 2218.35 82.06 0.000
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 45.95 1643.44
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3279.42 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 2694.80 9206.20 1780.330
e = 3.416 m >1.5D
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 53.23 1805.97
i) 70R Tracked - 3279.42 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 2765.29 9213.60 1942.860
e = 3.332 m >1.5D
i) Shear deformation - - -
5 Wind Force
i) unloaded condition - - 114.04
b)Total with wind 2218.35 8124.79 114.040
e = 3.663 m >1.5D


1 self wt.(LWL/DRY) 1195.29 -25.36 0.000
a)Total without wind only 1195.29 5769.33 0.000
e = 4.827 m >1.5D


1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000
2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 49.62 1511.55
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3279.42 -
6 Wind Force
i) HFL + service condition - - 132.01
b)Total with wind 2490.05 7811.40 1643.56
e = 3.137 m >1.5D
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 45.95 1643.44
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3279.42 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 2460.14 7808.26 1775.450
e = 3.174 m >1.5D

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 53.23 1805.97
i) 70R Tracked - 3279.42 -
6 Wind Force
b)Total with wind 2530.63 7815.66 1937.980
e = 3.088 m >1.5D
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000
i) Shear deformation - - -
5 Wind Force
i) unloaded condition - - 114.04
b)Total with wind 1983.69 6726.85 114.040
e = 3.391 m >1.5D
1 self wt.(HFL) 960.63 -25.36 0.000
e = 4.551 m >1.5D

(Normal case)
HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
- -
- -
- -
67.19 -
67.19 -
67.19 -
- -
480.84 174.94
480.84 174.94
480.84 174.94
0.00 -
- -
- -
- -
1871.78 -
1406.76 -
1789.48 -
609.97 -
-
- 17.91
- 17.91
- 15.76
rain of load on embankment will be atleast 20m away from the backside of
essure effect on abutment when live load will be on span.
0.305 m
0.915 m
HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
67.19 -

480.84 174.94
- -
1871.78 -
- 17.91
2419.810 -
2419.810 17.91

HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
67.19 -
480.84 174.94
- -
1871.78 -
- 17.91
2419.810 -
2419.810 17.91
HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
67.19 -
480.84 174.94
- -
1871.78 -
-
- 17.91
2419.810 -
2419.810 17.91
HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
0.00 -
1871.78 -
609.97 -
-
- 15.76
2481.750 -
2481.750 15.76

HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
1871.78 -
1871.780 -

HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
67.19 -
480.84 -
- -
1789.48 -
- 17.91
2337.510 -
2337.510 17.91
HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
67.19 -
480.84 -
- -
1789.48 -
- 17.91
2337.510 -
2337.510 17.91

HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
67.19 -
480.84 -
- -
1789.48 -
-
- 17.91
2337.510 -
2337.510 17.91
HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
0.00 -
1789.48 -
609.97 -
-
- 15.76
2399.450 -
2399.450 15.76
HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
- -
1789.48 -
1789.480 -

STRESS CHECK (Normal case)
Load ML(Kn.m) MT(Kn.m)

S.No V (Kn) N.A % Error < 5% Actual fcr Actual fst
Combination
1 1a(normal) 2724.710 9209.34 1511.550 153 0.00000 8.578 226.227
2 1b(wind) 2724.710 9209.34 1648.440 153 0.00000 8.578 226.227
3 2a(normal) 2694.800 9206.20 1643.440 153 0.00057 8.573 226.450

4 2b(wind) 2694.800 9206.20 1780.330 153 0.00057 8.573 226.450
5 3a(normal) 2765.290 9213.60 1805.970 153 0.00000 8.585 225.955

6 3b(wind)
ravi:
2765.290 9213.60 1942.860 153 0.00000 8.585 225.955
for stress check purpose
7 4a(normal)
change value 2218.350 8124.79 0.000 152 0.00000 6.948 184.920
8 4b(wind) 2218.350 8124.79 114.040 152 0.00000 6.948 184.920

9 5a(normal)
ravi: 1195.290 5769.33 0.000 150 0.00002 4.400 119.965
for stress check purpose
10 6a(normal)
change value 2218.350 2000.00 0.000 0 6681.66052 0.009 111.735
11 6b(wind) 2218.350 2000.00 114.040 0 6681.66052 0.016 111.803
12 7a(normal) 2490.050 7811.40 1511.550 154 -0.00021 7.511 196.447
13 7b(wind) 2490.050 7811.40 1643.560 154 -0.00021 7.511 196.447

14 8a(normal) 2460.140 7808.26 1643.440 154 0.00064 7.505 196.668
15 8b(wind) 2460.140 7808.26 1775.450 154 0.00064 7.505 196.668

16 9a(normal) 2530.630 7815.66 1805.970 154 0.00000 7.517 196.177
17 9b(wind) 2530.630 7815.66 1937.980 154 0.00000 7.517 196.177
18 10a(normal) 1983.690 6726.85 0.000 153 0.00000 5.881 155.133

19 10b(wind) 1983.690 6726.85 114.040 153 0.00000 5.881 155.133
20 11a(normal) 960.630 4371.390 0.000 150 0.00002 3.333 90.163

21 12a(normal) 1983.690 82.06 0.000 0 -543.01147 0.009 -45.324
22 12b(wind) 1983.690 82.06 114.040 0 -543.01147 0.016 -45.256
For scour alround condition moment is very less & the vertical load is more, the structure is acting as a compre
member. So, provided steel and section is safe.
(Case - 6a, 6b, 12a & 12b)
The stresses are checked and found to be safe (The stress check sheet is enclosed).

Permissibl Permissi
e fcr ble fst
10.00 200
13.30 266
10.00 200
13.300 266
10 200
13.300 266
10 200
13.300 266
10 200
10 200
13.300 266
10 200
13.300 266
10 200
13.300 266
10 200
13.300 266
10 200
13.300 266
10 200
10 200
13.300 266.00
& the vertical load is more, the structure is acting as a compression

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WALL (Normal case) Load combination : 12 b

Input Details:
Tension Rein.Ast(sq.mm)= 37230
comp. Rein.Asc(sq.mm)= 9721 Breadth
Cover to tension rein.Dt(mm)= 52.50
Cover to comp. Rein.D,(mm)= 46.00
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'
Eccentricity = 3.37993401 M>1.5 * D Assume N.A X = 25 mm

Effective depth,d = 557.50
1.5 * D = 915 fcr= 107.48 N/Sq.mm< 13.3
fst= 415.61 N/Sq.mm< 266
Equating the force due to Tension and compression
b*x*x/2 = mAST (d-x)
% Error = -1508.16 < 5%
x= 57.7205891
y= 363.384893 Final Fcr= 107.481 N/Sq.mm< 10
N.A. Depth X= 152.832152 Final Fst= 415.607 N/Sq.mm< 200
Leverarm Z= 549.166667
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 103.997911
fst = M/AstZ fst= 450.436804
fc = Nd/(bx+mAst+(m-1)Asc) fc= 3.48298886
Maximum flexural comp.stress in concrete= fcr+fc

Maximum tensile stress in steel = fst-mfc
Maximum flexural comp.stress in concrete= 107.48 N/Sq.mm
Maximum tensile stress in steel = 415.61 N/Sq.mm
X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)

N.A- X= 25
% Error = -1508.15786 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10
Fcr due to MT= 8.9344E-08 N/Sq.mm
Fst due to MT= 8.9344E-07 N/Sq.mm
Final Fst= 415.607 N/Sq.mm

N/Sq.mm
N/Sq.mm
N/Sq.mm
N/Sq.mm

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WALL Load combination : 6 b

Input Details:
MOMENT,ML= -59.39 KNM
comp. Rein.Asc(sq.mm)= 9721.44
Cover to comp. Rein.D'(mm)= 46.00
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt

Eccentricity,e = -45.3559591 mm>0.5 * D Assume N.A X =
0.5 * D = 305 fcr= 0.01
Asume depth of N.A,X= 7.62939453E-06 mm fst= -31.498
x/d= 1.3685E-08
K1= 0.098419189
X1= 460.16726037
% Error = -483.31931
b1= (e-X1)/d+1 b1= 0.0932319
b2= (X/(2*d))(1-(X/(3*d))) b2= 6.843E-09 Final Fcr= 0.009967
b3= (m-1)(1-(D'/X)) b3= -54263799 Final Fst= -31.497653
fcr= (Nd*b1)/(b2bd+b3Asc(1-(D'/d)) fcr= -2.52233E-07 N/Sq.mm

fst= (fcr(0.5K1+b3Asc)-Nd)/Ast fst= -31.59732543 N/Sq.mm
Check the above value, X2= 4.45E-05

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
% Error = -483.319308317 < 5%
ZT= 16918350000

Final Fst= -31.4976525864 N/Sq.mm

Breadth
D'
0 mm
N/Sq.mm< 10 N/Sq.mm
< 5%
N/Sq.mm< 10 N/Sq.mm

DESIGN ABUTMENT CAP
Input Data
Density of concrete 25 KN/m3 fy/γs 434.78261
Grade of concrete fck 35 N/mm 2

Grade of Steel fy 500 N/mm2
Tensile Strength of concrete fctm 2.8 N/mm2 (Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)&(P
Characteristic Yield Strength of Reinforcement fyk 400 N/mm 2
Design Yield Strength of Shear Reinforcement fywd 347.83 N/mm2 (Clause-10.3.3.2,IRC 112-2011, P
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel Es 200000 (Clause-6.2.2,Annexure A.4.4.2, P-
Modular ratio αe 6.25 (Clause-12.4.2,Annexure A.4.4.2,I
Ultimate Tensile Strain in Steel (fy/γs.Es+0.002)
єs 0.0042
Coefficient of influence of the concrete strengthα 0.67 Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-49
Slenderness Factor λ 0.8 upto 60Mpa (Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-
Factor η 1 upto 60Mpa (Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-
fcd αfck/γm 15.63 Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-48
Factor Fav = ηfcd/λ 12.51 (Annexure Fig A 2-4,IRC 112-2011
Factor λ/2 β 0.4

DESIGN ABUTMENT CAP

Section property
NO of Web 1
Width of Cap,B (mm) 1500
Depth of Cap,D (mm) 900
Design
Design Shear = KN 981.5 From Stadd
Design Moment = KNm 567.208 From Stadd
No of layers = 1
Dia of Main Bar = mm 25
Cover to Reinforcem= mm 50
Dia of Transverse bar= mm 12
deff provided = 825.5
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav)= 0.044
k (Web) = 0.650 Clause-12.3.3 IRC 112-2011 P-124
fcteff Max of 2.= 2.90 Clause-12.3.3 IRC 112-2011 P-124
Act web = 0.785
KC 0.4(1-σc/k1(h/h*)fcteff) 0.392 Clause-12.3.3 IRC 112-2011 P-124 E 12.2
Ast min 1669.61
Limiting Neu axis de Xu max/d = 0.0035/(0.0035+(.8 fy/Es)+0.002) =0.0035/0.0035+єs
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) mm 376.5
Xu mm 37.3
Xu >Xu lim Safe
Ast Required mm 1609.439
2
Minimum Reinforcement Required 0.13% 1755

Dia of bars mm 25
No Of Bars Required 4
No Of Bars Provided 12
Spacing of Bars 125
Reinf Provided 5887.5
Safe
Neutral Axis Depth(X) mm 136.4
Ok
Ult.Moment of resistance Section kNm 1952.4
MR Safe


MED
Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined
Vccd compression chord
Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of
Vtd inclined tensile chord
αcw
VRd,c 521.00
Ved < 5151.7
VEd, actual 981.5
Reqd
if need not required to shear reinforcement ,but we provide minimum shea

Pwmin 0.00085
Asw required mm^2 2555.75
Dia of bar mm 10
Spacing Required 30.72
Spacing provided 300.00
No.of bars 33.00
Asw provided mm^2 2616.667
provide 300.00 mm dia at 10 legged 33.00 mmc/c provided

skew
VRd,s Asw*z*fywd*cotq / s
VRd,max acw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotq+tanq)
VRd,max 4636.55
Pwmin 0.00085
Asw min 191.68 mm2
Aswmax 0.5*acw*n1*fcd*bw*s/(fywd)
2153.05
Aswrequired 455.77 mm2
S=Spacing of stirrups 150 mm
Diameter of stirrup 16 mm
No of legs for stirrups 4 mm
Asw provided 803.84 mm2
Shear reinforcement provided Safe
VRd,s kN 1731.05
OK
Check for additional Longitudinal Steel for shear
DFtd 0.5 xVEd (cot (q) -cot (aa))is angle of stirrups
DFtd 490.75
(Med - MR)/ z = 1864.49
Additional Steel reqd = 0

Design of Abutment cap :- (Normal case)
As per clause 710.8 of IRC:78-2014, pier / abutment caps should be suitably designed and
reinforced to take care of concentrated point loads dispersing in pier/abutments
Since abutment cap is resting over the abutment wall for the entire width, no moment is induced.
Hence reinforcements are provided as per clause 710.8.7 of IRC:78-2014.
As per clause 710.8.7 of IRC:78-2014, the reinforcement for the pier and abutment cap shall be of
total minimum of 1% steel, assuming a cap thickness of 225mm. The total steel shall be distributed
equally and provided both at top & bottom in two directions. The reinforcement in the direction of the
length of the abutment shall extend from the end to end of the abutment cap while the reinforcement
at right angles shall extend for the full width of abutment cap and be in the form of stirrups.
340
122.46
Dirt wall
Abutment cap
300 121.5
to 121.200
788.91 760
Abutment Wall
For 1 m length
Total area of steel = 1 x 760 x 300 + 788.91

100 2
= 4137.86 mm2
(for safer side actual abutment cap thickness is considered instead of 225mm)
Area of steel per face = 4137.86 = 1034.47 mm2/m

4
201.06193
Provide 6 Nos of 16 mm dia bars at top & bottom in the direction of
the length of abutment 1206

113.09734 Provide 12 mm dia stirrups at 100 mm spacing in perpendicular direction

1131

N/mm2
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)&(P 235)

(Clause-10.3.3.2,IRC 112-2011, P-91)
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-49

(Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
(Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)
Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-48

σc
σc
Clause-12.3.3 IRC 112-2011 P-124 E 12.2

eed not required to shear reinforcement ,but we provide minimum shear reinforcement.

he abutment wall for the entire width, no moment is induced.
4, the reinforcement for the pier and abutment cap shall be of

a cap thickness of 225mm. The total steel shall be distributed
ottom in two directions. The reinforcement in the direction of the
rom the end to end of the abutment cap while the reinforcement
Abutment Wall
mm2

mm2

Design of dirt wall: (Normal case)

122.46
340
0.471
6.03 2.37
Live load Surcharge Pressure Active Earth Pressure
Earth Pressure
Pressure at top of Pressure at top
Ka γ
ht layer of layer Force/width
EP 0.279 18 0.471 0 2.369 0.56
LLSC 0.279 18 0.471 6.030 6.03 2.84
Calculation of Bending Moment due to live load:
(70R Bogie load governs)
1.93
2.13
(0.5+1.63)
0.471 12.90
Tyre width = 0.81 m

Wearing Coat = 0.065 m
Dispersed width at top of DW = 0.94 m
Load disperseal for cantilever 1.2a+bw 1.88
C/C of the wheels of the axle 1.93 m
Hence effective width of dispersion = 3.81 m
Breaking force due to liveload = 0.2 x 200 = 40.00

20% of 20ton
Bending moment = 18.84 KNm
Effective Bending moment/m = 4.94 KNm/m

Design moment &Shear
BM Shear ULS Factor Factored moment Factored Shear

EP 0.11 0.56 1.00 0.11 0.56
LLSC 0.67 2.84 1.20 0.80 3.41
Braking 4.94 10.49 1.50 7.41 15.74
Total 8.33 19.71
Thickness of Dirt wall = 300.00 mm

Effective Depth = 245 mm
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of bar = 10 mm
Moment of resistance of Dirt Wall = 0.1648 fckbd2
= 296.764 KNm
Moment of resistance of Dirt Wall MR 296.764

Mu = 8.33 Safe
R = Mu/Fav*b
= 776.85
x/ d = 1- Sqrt (1-(4xRx0.416/d^2))/ (2*416)

= 0.013
Ast = Mu X 1.15 / (fyk x (1-0.416 .X/d)x d)

= 78.6 mm^2
Minimumn Reinforcement (0.13%)
Astmin = 318.5 mm^2
Ast req = 318.5 mm^2

Earth face Vertical Provide 10 dia@ 150
mm c/c = 523.33
Distribution Steel:-
Distribution steel shall be provided for 0.3 times of the Design Bending moment
30% of the bending moment Mu = 2.50 KN.m

R = 233.055
x/ d = 1- Sqrt (1-(4xRx0.416/d^2))/ (2*416)
= 0.00389
Ast = Mu X 1.15 / (fyk x (1-0.416 .X/d)x d)
= 23.4919 mm^2
Other face Vertical & Provide 10 dia@ 150

mm c/c = 523.33
Horizontal
TD. Toll Road

Check Project Ltd.
for Shear:- Asoka Consultants
Shear force = 19.71 KN

121.500
CG of F from
bottom Moment/width
0.198 0.110
0.236 0.669
KN (Clause 211.2,IRC 112-2011)

Factored Shear
0.56
3.41
15.74
19.71
fcd = 13.40
Fav = 10.72
……………………………………………………………………………………
mm^2
ok
mm^2
ok

Design of End counterfort for Return wall:

ka = 0.279 g =
6.03 37.02
Live Load surcharge Pressure Active earth Pressure
Effective width of End counterfort = 0.50 +
Total force transferred from return wall to end counterfort
= 0.5 x 37.02 x 7.371 x
= 324.721 + 105.784 = 430.500 KN
Bending moment at bottom of counterfort:,
= 324.721 x 0.42 x 7.371 +
= 1005.28 + 389.87 = 1395.140 KN. m/ m

300
7.371
Cos f
2300
)
500 1800
2300
Spacing of counterfort (effective width resisted by the CF) 3000 mm

Thickness of the counterfort 750 mm
Length of CounterfortS 2300 mm
Normal
Total moment at top of foundation in return wall Force Moment-kNm
From Earth Pressure 324.7205598 1005.2764
From LL Surcharge 105.784 389.87
Total /m width 430.505 1395.14396
Force /Moments resisted by each CF 1291.514 4185.432
Depth of resisting Section 2300.0 mm
DESIGN
Density of concrete 25 KN/m3
Grade of concrete fck 30 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec 32000 N/mm2
Grade of Steel fyk 500 N/mm2
Tensile Strength of concrete fctm 2.8 N/mm2
Partial Modify Fac for concrete γm 1.5
Partial Modify Fac for Steel γs 1.15
Characteristic Yield Strength of Reinforcement fyk 400 N/mm2
Design Yield Strength of Shear Reinforcement fywd 347.82608696 N/mm2
Ultimate Compressive Strain in concrete єcu 0.0035
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel Es 200000
Modular ratio αe 6.25
Ultimate Tensile Strain in Steel (fy/γs.Es+0.002) єs 0.004173913
Coefficient of influence of the concrete strength α 0.67
Slenderness Factor λ 0.8 upto 60Mpa

Factor η 1 upto 60Mpa

fcd αfck/γm 13.4
Factor Fav = ηfcd/λ 8.9333333333
Factor λ/2 β 0.4
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)
Design of Counterfort Return Wall

NO of Web 1
Design Shear KN 324.7205598
Design Moment KNm 1005.276403
Width of Beam mm 750
Depth of Beam mm 2300.0
No.Of Layers 1
Dia of Main. Bar mm 25
Cover to Rein mm 50
Dia of Transverse Bar mm 12
Deff Provided 2225.485422
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) 0.028363546
k (Web) 0.650
fcteff Max of 2.9, fctm = 2.90
Act web = 0.964
KC 0.4(1-σc/k1(h/h*)fcteff) 0.392
Ast min 2049.087
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) mm 1015.023096
Xu mm 63.85553641
Xu >Xu lim Safe
Ast Required mm2 984.01381601
Minimum Reinforcement Required 0.13% 2049.0865885
Dia of bars mm 25
No Of Bars Required 4
No Of Bars Provided 5
Spacing of Bars 155
Reinf Provided 2453.125
Safe
Neutral Axis Depth(X) mm 132.7
Ok
Ult.Moment of resistance Section kNm 2308.6
MR Safe
MED


VRd,max Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of compression struts
Vccd Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined compression chord
Vtd Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined tensile chord
αcw
Case 1
VEd 324.72
Vpd 0
VNs 324.721
K 1.30
S = (Ay)c 1.9837
fctk 2.0 (Clause A.2.2 of IRC:112-201
fctd = fctk/γm 1.31 (Clause 10.3.1. of IRC:112-20
σcp 0 (Clause 10.3.1. of IRC:112-20
αcw 1 (Clause 10.3.1. of IRC:112-20
v 0.54 (Clause 10.3.2. of IRC:112-20
ρ1 0.0015 (Clause 10.3.2. of IRC:112-20
q 45 (Clause 10.2.2.2. of IRC:112-

VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d
VRd,c 394.63
VRd,c 419.97
VRd,c I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd]
Moment of Inertia m4 I 0.689
VRd,c 0
VRd,c 419.97
Ved < 6060.5
VEd, actual 324.72
Not Reqd

if need not required to shear reinforcement ,but we provide

Pwmin 0.00079
Asw required mm^2 177.46
Dia of bar mm 10
Spacing provided 300.00
No.of bars 2.00
Asw provided mm^2 2616.666667
provide 10 mm dia at 10 legged ###

skew
VRd,s Asw*z*fywd*cotq / s
VRd,max acw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotq+tanq)
VRd,max 10909.8988
Pwmin 0.00079
Asw min 118.31 mm2
Aswmax 0.5*acw*n1*fcd*bw*s/(fywd)
1252.68
Aswrequired 74.58 mm2
S=Spacing of stirrups 200 mm
Diameter of stirrup 12 mm
No of legs for stirrups 2 mm
Asw provided 226.08 mm2
Shear reinforcement provided Safe
VRd,s kN 984.40
OK
Check for additional Longitudinal Steel for shear
DFtd 0.5 xVEd (cot (q) -cot (a)) a is angle of stirrups
DFtd 162.36
(Med - MR)/ z = 650.688227
Additional Steel reqd = 0


d required = 1395.14 x 10 6 =
1.48 x 5765
D = 2300 Cos f = 2300 x 0.956 =
d provided = 2199 - 40 - 10 -
Ast required= 1395.14 x 10 6 =

200 x 0.889 x 2111
Provide 25 mm rod 8 Nos in 1 layer
Check for shear:
Total shear force: = 0.00 + 0 +
Shear stress = 430.500 x 10 3

5765 x 2111
Shear reinforcement = 430.500 x

200 x
Direction tension = 37.02 + 6.03 x
Shear reinforcement required for direct tension =
Total shear reinforcement = 1.02 +
Provide 2L - 10 mm dia at 101

18 KN/m3
500 340
3750 122.460
760
7.371 m
115.089
3.750 = 2.380 m
2
2.380 + 6.03 x 7.371 x 2.380
105.784 x 7.371
2
KN. m/ m

tan f = 1.500
7.371
tan f = 0.204
cos 22 = 11.530
fy/γs 434.783 N/mm2
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)

Clause-6.4.2.8 P-49
Clause-6.2.2 P-30
(Clause-10.3.3.2,IRC 112-2011, P-91)
(Table 6.5,IRC 112-2011,Pg 38)
Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-49

(Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)

(Annexure A.2.9,IRC 112-2011, P-242)

Clause-6.4.2.8 IRC 112-2011 P-48
(0.0035/(0.0035+(.8 fy/Es)+0.002) =0.0035/0.0035+єs)

f compression struts
compression chord
of inclined tensile chord
ward; Ved is + downwards)
(Clause A.2.2 of IRC:112-2011,P 235)

(Clause 10.3.1. of IRC:112-2011 P-87)
(Clause 10.3.1. of IRC:112-2011 P-87)
(Clause 10.3.1. of IRC:112-2011 P-87)
(Clause 10.3.2. of IRC:112-2011 P-90,EQ 10.6)
(Clause 10.3.2. of IRC:112-2011 P-88)
(Clause 10.2.2.2. of IRC:112-2011 P-82)
EQ 10.4 0.34033
Prestressed Member
Non-Prestressed Member

reinforcement ,but we provide minimum shear reinforcement.
mmc/c provided

404 mm
2199 mm
25 - 25 = 2111 mm
2
3717 mm2
3925 mm2
430.500 = 430.50 KN
= 0.04 N / mm2
10 3 = 1.02 mm2 / mm
2111
2.380 = 102.46 KN / m
102.46 = 0.510 mm2 / mm

200
0.510 = 1.53 mm2 / mm
mm c/c spacing Ast provided = 1.56 mm 2/ mm

Design of return wall: (Normal case)
The return wall near base will span between the counterfort and the abutment wall.
122.46
7.371
6.03 37.02 115.089

Live Load surcharge Pressure Earth Pressure
Active earth Pressure = 0.279 x 18 x 7.371 = 37.02
Live load surcharge Pressure = 0.279 x 18 x 1.2 = 6.03
43.05
1 Kn / m
4305
250
From Stadd Output Refer Annexure-A
Bending moment coefficient: = 2.96
Shear force Coefficient: = 2.45
Design moment &Shear
BM Shear ULS Factor Factored moment Factored Shear

EP 109.43 90.74 1.00 109.43 90.74
LLSC 17.82 14.78 1.20 21.39 17.74
Total 130.82 108.47
Thickness of Return wall = 600.00 mm

Effective Depth = 542 mm
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of bar = 16 mm
Moment of resistance of Dirt Wall = 0.1648 fckbd2
= 1452.369 KNm
Moment of resistance of Dirt Wall MR 1452.369

Mu = 130.82 Safe
R = Mu/Fav*b
= 12203.43
x/ d = 1- Sqrt (1-(4xRx0.416/d^2))/ (2*416)

= 0.042
Ast = Mu X 1.15 / (fyk x (1-0.416 .X/d)x d)

= 565.1 mm^2
Minimumn Reinforcement (0.13%)
Astmin = 704.6 mm^2

Earth face Horizontal Provide 16 dia@ 200mm c/c = 1004.80
30% of the bending momeMu = 39.25 KN.m

R = 3661.028
x/ d = 1- Sqrt (1-(4xRx0.416/d^2))/ (2*416)
= 0.012528
Ast = Mu X 1.15 / (fyk x (1-0.416 .X/d)x d)
= 167.4155 mm^2
Other face Vertical & Provide 12 dia@ 150mm c/c = 753.60

Horizontal
Check for Shear:-
Shear force = 108.47 KN
Shear stress Ԏv =Vu/bd = 0.200132 N/mm 2

100Ast/bd = 0.185387 Refer IRC112:2011,Table A.4.6)
Ԏc = 0.21
If Solid Slab k = 1 (upto Refer IRC112:2011,Table A.4.7)

kԎc = 0.213384
Shear Reinforcement not Required


and the abutment wall.

122.46
115.089
Kn / m2
Kn / m2
Kn / m2
305 250
4555
4860
Factored Shear
90.74
17.74
108.47
fcd = 13.40
Fav = 10.72

mm^2
ok
mm^2
ok
Give input
Refer IRC112:2011,Table A.4.6) 0.15 0.2
0.25 0.23
0.2134
Refer IRC112:2011,Table A.4.7)


Reinforcement Details of Abutment and Foundation (Normal case)
1. Rein of base raft
a) Heel Slab Longitudinal direction (main rod)
Top rod: 32 mm at 130 mm c/c (main rod)

Bottom rod: 10 mm at 99 mm c/c
b) Toe slab Longitudinal direction (main rod)
Bottom rod: 25 mm at 99 mm c/c (main rod)

Top rod: 10 mm at 130 mm c/c
Distribution steel :-
Top & bottom 10 mm at 97 mm c/c
2. Rein of Abutment wall
Main rod (earth face) 25 mm dia 170 mm c/c
Comp rod (Other face) 12 mm dia 150 mm c/c
Horizontal rod (Both face) 10 mm dia 136 mm c/c
3. Rein of Abutment cap

All faces: Provide 6 Nos 16 mm dia at top & bottom along carriageway
Stirrups 2 legged 12 mm dia stps at 100 mm c/c
4. Rein of Dirt wall

Provide 12 mm at 219 mm c/c vertically on earth face.
Provide 0 mm at 0 mm c/c vertically on other face
Provide Err:509 mm at Err:509 mm c/c horizontally on both faces.
5. Rein of Return wall:

a) Horizontal rod:
Earth face 16 mm at 268 mm c/c
Other face 12 mm at 150 mm c/c
b) Vertical rod
Both faces 10 mm at 200 mm c/c

6. Rein of counterfort for return wall
Main rod (tension face) 8 Nos 25 mm dia in 1 layers
Stirrups Provide 2-legged 10 mm dia at 101 mm c/c spacing

mm dia at top & bottom along carriageway

Schedule of Reinforcement:-
Rod No. Reinforcement Details Remarks

FOUNDATION
1 25 mm dia @ 99 mm c/c Main rod (Toe slab)
2 10 mm dia @ 97 mm c/c Distribution rod
4 32 mm dia @ 130 mm c/c Main rod (Heel slab)
ABUTMENT WALL
7 25 mm dia @ 170 mm c/c Main rod (Vertical) Earth face
8 12 mm dia @ 145 mm c/c Main rod (Vertical) Other face
9 10 mm dia @ 136 mm c/c Distribution rod (Horizontal)
10 10 mm dia @ 136 mm c/c Distribution rod (Horizontal)
DIRT WALL
11 12 mm dia @ 219 mm c/c Main rod (Vertical) Earth face
12 12 mm dia @ 0 mm c/c Main rod (Vertical) Other face
13 12 mm dia @ Err:509 mm c/c Distribution rod (Horizontal)
14 12 mm dia @ Err:509 mm c/c Distribution rod (Horizontal)
RETURN WALL
15 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c Main rod (Horizontal) Earth face
16 16 mm dia @ 268 mm c/c Main rod (Horizontal) Other face
17 10 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c Distribution rod (Vertical)
18 10 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c Distribution rod (Vertical)
ABUTMENT CAP
19 6 Nos 16 mm dia Top face
20 6 Nos 16 mm dia Bottom face
21 2 Nos 16 mm dia Side face
22 2 Nos 16 mm dia Side face
23 2 legged 12 mm dia @ 100 mm c/c Stirrups
FLYWING WALL
24 10 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c Main rod (Horizontal) Earth face
25 10 mm dia @ 160 mm c/c Main rod (Horizontal) Other face
26 Provide 2L 16 mm dia @ 170 mm c/c Stirrups
OTHER RODS
S1 16 mm dia - 3 Nos. on each side face Side face Rod (Abutment wall)
H1 25 mm dia - 3 Nos Hanger Rod (Flywing )
H2 12 mm dia - 2 Nos Hanger Rod (Flywing )
B1 12 mm dia - 4 Nos Bracket Rod
B2 12 mm dia @ 150 c/c Bracket Rod
B3 2 Legged 10 mm dia Rings 3 Layers @ 300 c/c Bracket Rod

Road Top Level 122.460

Bottom Of Deck 121.500
Top of Abutment cap 121.500
Bottom of Abutment cap 121.200
High Flood Level 120.600
Bed Level 117.889
Founding Level 113.889

Foundation F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7
7860 12900 4250 610 3000 1200 900
Abutment wall A1 A2
760 12900
Return wall R1 R2
4250 600
Flywing W1 W2 W3
2000 300 1333.33
Bearing B1 B2
220 200
Dirt wall D1
340

Design of counterfort for Return wall: (Normal case)

2000 500 3750
3.010 600
9.710 1333.333
6.03 37.02 115.089

Live Load surcharge Active earth
Pressure Pressure
Total force on top 0.3m rectangular portion of flywing including earth pressure and live load
surcharge pressure,H = 0.5 x 3.010 x 0.600 x 2.000 + 6.03 x 0.600 x
= 1.810 + 7.24 = 9.05 Kn
Total force on triangular portion = 3.010 + 9.71 x 1.333 x 2.000 + 6.03 x

2 2
= 8.48 + 8.04 = 16.52 Kn
Effective width of End counterfort = 0.5 + 3.75 = 2.375 m

2
Total force transferred from return wall to end counterfort is ,
= 0.5 x 37.02 x 7.371 x 2.375 + 6.03 x 7.371 x 2.375
= 324.04 + 105.56 = 429.60 Kn

Bending moment at bottom of counterfort,
1.810 0.42 x 0.6 + 6.771 + 8.48 x 2 x 3.010 + 9.710 x

3.010 + 9.710
+ 7.240 0.6 + 6.771 + 8.04 x 1.333333 + 5.43767 + 324.04 X 0.42 x

2 2
x 7.371 = 1555.97 Kn. m/ m

2

600 0
f
tan f = 0.000
7.371 7.371
= 0
f = 0.000 0
600 Cos f
)
600 0
600
d required = 1555.97 X 10 6
1.48 x 500 = 1450 mm < 470 mm
D = 600 Cos f = 600 x 1= 600 mm
d provided = 600 - 40 - 10 - 32 - 32 - 16 = 470 mm
Ast required = 1555.97 X 10 6 = 18619.65 mm2

200 x 0.889 x 470
Use 32 mm dia bars

Provide 24 Nos @ 32 # Ast provided = 19292.16 mm2
Check for shear:

Total shear force = 9.05 + 16.52 + 429.60 = 455.17 Kn.
Nominal shear stress, tn = 455.17 X 10 3

500 x 470 = 1.937 n / mm2 <tc max
SAFE
Shear reinforcement = 455.17 X 10 3

200 x 470 = 4.84 mm2 / mm
Direction tension = 37.02 + 6.03 x 2.375 = 102.24 Kn / m
Shear reinforcement required for direct tension = 102.24 = 0.51 mm2 / mm

200
Total shear reinforcement = 4.84 + 0.51 = 5.35 mm2 / mm

Use 10 mm dia bar

Provide 2L - 10 mm dia at 29 mm c/c spacing Ast provided =

340
122.460
7.371
m
115.089
2.000
1.333 x 2.000
2
1.33333 + 5.4377
3
7.371 + 105.56

UNSAFE
mm
2.2 n /mm2

5.41 mm2/mm

DESIGN OF COUNTERFORT FOR RETURNWALL (Normal case)
dont take print

Input Details:
VERTICAL LOAD= 22.58 KN self weight Depth
MOMENT.MT= 0 KNM
comp. Rein.Asc(sq.mm)= 226.08 2-12 DIA Breadth
Cover to comp. Rein.D,(mm)= 56
Modular ratio,m= 10
Grade of concrete-Mix=M Err:509
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

1.5 * D = 900 fcr= 50.389 N/Sq.mm< Err:509 N/Sq.mm
fst= 227.653 N/Sq.mm< 200 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 7.50344 < 5%
x= 771.6864
y= 1430.47906 Final Fcr= 50.389 N/Sq.mm< Err:509 N/Sq.mm
N.A. Depth X= 329.396328 Final Fst= 227.653 N/Sq.mm< 200 N/Sq.mm
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 50.3278706
fst = M/AstZ fst= 228.263122

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 350
% Error = 7.50344 < 5%
ZT= 25000000

Fcr due to MT= 0 N/Sq.mm

Fst due to MT= 0 N/Sq.mm

(I) Seismic Case:- (Zone - II as per Annex - E of IS :1893(part I):2002 and cl - 222.5 of IRC : 6.2000)
Calculation of horizontal & vertical seismic coefficient :-
(A) Seismic Co - efficient method:-

(i) Calculation of ah :-
ah = bIao
b = Co efficient depending upon soil - foundation type as per Table : 3
I = Factor depending upon the importance of the structure as per Table : 4
ao = Basic horizontal seismic co efficient as per table : 2 = 0.02
ah = 1 x 1 x 0.02 = 0.02
(ii) Calculation of a v :- av = ah= 0.02 = 0.01
(iii) Calculation of l :-
dont take print 2 2
l = tan - 1 ah = tan - 1 0.02 = tan - 1

1 + an 1+ 0.01
B) Response spectrum method:

Z Sa
2 g
Horizontal seismic coefficient Ah =
R
I
Z = Zone factor as given in Table-5 = 0.16
I = Importance factor = 1
T = Fundamental period of the bridge member (in sec) for horizontal vibrations
(Refer Appendix - 2)
R = Response reduction factor = 2.5 ( From IRC : 6 - 2000(2004
Sa/g = Depending upon fundamental period of vibration T as given in fig:12

= 2.5
#REF!
T = 2 D
(sec.) 1000 F

D = Appropriate dead load of superstructure, and live load in KN (Reaction on Abutment)
Horizontal force in KN required to be applied at the centre of mass of the superstructure for 1 mm
F =
horizontal deflection at the top of pier / abutment along the considered direction of horizontal force

C.G
F= 2 x EIg
L2 x W
L= 8.00 m
E= 5700 x fck 0.5 = 5700 x 30 0.5 = 31220 N / mm2

= 3E+07 KN / m2
I= 7.860 X 12.900 3 = 1406.081 m4

12
g= 9.81 m /sec 2
W= Dead load of superstructure = 1023.06 KN
F= 2x 31220000 x 1406.081 x 9.81 = ###

8 2
x 1023.06
D= Dead load + live load = 1023.06 + 506.94 = 1530.00 KN
T= 2x 1530.00 = 0.001
1000 x 13154101
As per cl - 222.5 for medium soil, sa = 2.5

g
Ah = 0.16
2 x 2.5 = 0.2
2.5 2.50 = 0.080
1
Av = 0.08 = 0.040
2
l = tan -1 Ah = tan -1 0.08 = tan - 1 0.080 =

1+ Av 1+ 0.040 0.960

f IS :1893(part I):2002 and cl - 222.5 of IRC : 6.2000)
= 1
pon the importance of the structure as per Table : 4 = 1
0.02 = 1.157
0.99
of the bridge member (in sec) for horizontal vibrations
( From IRC : 6 - 2000(2004) )

e applied at the centre of mass of the superstructure for 1 mm

er / abutment along the considered direction of horizontal force

N / mm2
KN / m2
4.7636

Seismic Case - Design of foundation

II) Permanent Load Calculation : Ah = 0.080 Av = 0.04
LWL condition
Longitudi
S. Actual Vertical Lever Horizont Lever nal
Description of Load Load
No Load arm al Load arm moment
@ toe
1 (DL + SDL) from super structure dont take print

1023.06 40.92 3.008 123.09
81.84 7.611 622.88
2 Weight of dirt wall:- 51.65 2.07 3.375 6.97
4.13 8.091 33.42
3 Weight of Pedestal:- 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 7.611 0.00
4 Weight of abutment cap:- 96.68 3.87 3.177 12.29
7.73 7.705 59.56
5 Weight of abutment wall:(above bedlevel) 651.36 26.05 3.110 81.02
52.11 5.656 294.73
Weight of abutment wall:(below bedlevel) 550.83 22.03 3.11 68.51
44.07 2.600 114.58
6 Weight of return wall:-(above bedlevel) 582.80 23.31 5.391 125.66
46.62 6.286 293.05
Weight of return wall:-(below bedlevel) 357 14.28 5.391 76.980
28.56 2.6 74.26
0.77 0.03 6.0567 0.180
0.06 1.1 0.07
7 weight of counter fort for return wall:-
Above LWL 23.90 0.96 0.000 0.00
1.91 0.000 0.00
Below LWL 21.26 0.85 0 0.00
1.70 0.000 0.00
8 Weight of flywing wall :- 38 1.52 8.163 12.41
3.04 7.879 23.95
Total 135.89 271.77 2023.61
Self weight of substructure only 94.97 189.93 1277.64

Case - Design of foundation
Transverse
moment
0.00
0.00

Seismic Case
III) Permanent Load Calculation : Ah = 0.080 Av = 0.04
HFL condition
Longitudi
S. Actual Vertical Lever Horizont Lever nal
Description of Load Load
No Load arm al Load arm moment
@ toe
1 (DL + SDL) from super structure 1023.06 40.92 3.008 123.09
81.84 7.611 622.88
2 Weight of dirt wall:- 51.65 2.07 3.375 6.97
4.13 8.091 33.43
0.00 7.611 0.00
4 Weight of abutment cap:- 96.68 3.87 3.177 12.29
7.73 7.705 59.56
5 Weight of abutment wall:- (above HFL) 118.04 4.72 3.107 14.67
9.44 7.011 66.18
Weight of abutment wall:- (below HFL) 607.12 24.28 3.107 75.44
48.57 3.956 192.14
6 Weight of return wall:-(above HFL) 237.15 9.49 5.391 51.16
18.97 7.641 144.95
Weight of return wall:-(below HFL) 393.49 15.74 5.391 84.850
31.48 3.956 124.53
0.77 0.03 6.0567 0.180
0.06 1.1 0.07
7 Weight of counter fort for return wall:-
Above HFL 6.28 0.25 0.000 0.00
0.50 0.000 0.00
Below HFL 30.85 1.23 7.153 8.80
2.47 0.000 0.00
8 Weight of flywing wall :- 38 1.52 8.163 12.41
3.04 7.879 23.95
Total 104.12 208.23 1657.55

dont take print IV) Live Load Calculation

Class -A 70Rw
(50% of the LL) Trans.Eccen 2.287 2.771

Longitudi
S. Actual Lever Horizont Lever
Description of Load Vertical nal
No Load arm al Load arm
Load moment
1 Class - A - 2 lane
Reaction 472.53 9.45 2.287 -
18.90 7.611
Total 9.45 18.90
2 70 R wheeled
Reaction 437.59 8.75 2.771
17.50 7.611
Total 8.75 17.50
3 70 R Tracked
Reaction 506.94 10.14 2.7128
20.28 7.611
Total 10.14 20.28

Seismic Case
Transvers
e moment
0.00
0.00

Live Load Calculation

70Rt
2.712766
Transvers
e moment
21.61
143.85
165.46
24.25
133.19
157.44
27.51
154.35
181.86

Seismic Case:-
V) Calculation of earth pressure coefficient :-
Co efficient of earth Pressure

Considering earthquake forces.
ca = 1+ av x cos 2 (f - l - a) 1
cos l cos a cos ( d + a + l)
2 1 + sin (f + d) sin (f - t - l)
cos(a- t) cos ( d
where, an = Vertical Seismic co - efficient equal to ah

2
ah = Horizontal seismic co - efficient
l = tan - l ah
1 + an
f = angle of internal friction of soil = 30
a = angle which earth face of the wall makes the vertical = 0
t = slope of earth fill = 0
d = angle of friction between the wall and earth fill = 20
(A) Seismic Co - efficient method:- ah = 0.02 av = 0.01
Calculation of l :-
l = tan - 1 ah = tan - 1 0.02 = tan - 1
1 + an 1+ 0.01
1 + 0.01 x cos 2 30 - 1.157 - 0

Ca=
cos 1.157 Cos 2 0 x cos 20 + 0 + 1.157
1
1+ sin ( 30 + 20.0 ) x sin( 30 - 0 -
cos ( 0- 0 ) x cos( 20.0 + 0 +
= 0.775 x 1 2
0.932405 1 + 0.62949
Ca = 0.313 x cos 20 = 0.294
B) Response spectrum method: Ah = 0.080 Av = 0.04
l = tan -1 Ah = tan -1 0.08 = tan - 1 0.080 =

1+ Av 1+ 0.040 0.960
1 + 0.040 x cos 2 30 - 4.764 - 0

Ca=
cos 4.764 Cos 2 0 x cos 20 + 0 + 4.764
1
1+ sin ( 30 + 20.0 ) x sin( 30 - 0 -
cos ( 0 - 0 ) x cos( 20.0 + 0 +
= 0.851 x 1 2
0.904907 1 + 0.599734
Co efficient of earth pressure considering earthquake forces = 0.367 x cos

2
1
sin (f + d) sin (f - t - l) 1/ 2
cos(a- t) cos ( d + a + l)
0.02 = 1.157
0.99
1.157 )
1.157 )
4.7636

4.764 )
4.764 )
20 = 0.345

VI) Calculation of forces & moments due to earth Pressure at bottom of foundation:-
A) Approach retained conditon:- (Seismic case)
RTL - 122.46
4.571 1.86
HFL- 120.600 ka = 0.345
2.711 (Dry)g = 18 KN / M3
Bed level (LWL) 117.889 5.511 (Wet) g = 10 KN / M3
2.8
1.200

Pressure due to soil above LWL :-
2
above LWL 2

of soil above LWL
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 1464.71 x 4 2 = 2929.42 Kn.m
2
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = 356.04 x 0.42 x 4 = 598.15 Kn.m
Total moment for LWL condition = 4954.30 + 2929.42 + 598.15 = 8481.87

2
above HFL 2

of soil above HFL


2
2
Moment @ bottom of foundation = x1002.2 x x 0.42 x 6.711 = 2824.82 Kn.m
Total pressure for HFL condition = 138.57 + 999.96 + 1002.2 = 2140.73 Kn

=
Total moment for HFL condition = 1038.19 + 3355.37 + 2824.82 = 7218.38
x
B) scour alround condition:- (scour level = Top of hrd rock = 241.932
No earth pressure =& no live load
x forces
x and
x moments
x acting
x = on foundation
Height of wall = 122.46 - 113.889 = 8.571 m

2
Force due to fluid pressure = 4.800 x 8.571 x 12.9 = 2274.38
for entier length 2
3
VIII) Calculation of live load surcharge Pressure:
122.46
8.571
H2
113.889
7.450

Pressure
Moment at founding
3530.05 Kn.m
level due to H2 = 823.72 X 8.571 =
2
Vertical load due to live

load surcharge behind = 4.250 x 12.90 X 1.2 X 18.00 = 1184.22 Kn
dirtwall

Restoring moment due to

live load surcharge = 1184.220 x Err:509 = Err:509 Kn.m


dont take print
Kn
Kn.m
Kn
Kn
Kn.m
Kn
Kn.m
Kn

Kn
Kn.m
Kn
Kn.m

SUMMARY OF FORCES AND MOMENTS AT BOTTOM OF FOUNDATION:- (Seismic case)
S. MO (Kn.m) MR (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m)

NO
LWL condition
DL + SDL + sefl wt. Normal 10549.62 - 48808.39 0.00
1a (i) No Earth
on front side Seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
Normal 12202.11 - 51111.12 0.00
b (ii) Earth on front side
Seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
sefl weight Normal 9526.56 - 45731.03 0.00
2a (i) No Earth
Normal 11179.05 - 48033.76 0.00
Seismic 94.97 1277.64 -
Normal 4991.46 18794.67 0.00
3 Scour alround
Seismic 94.97 1277.64 -
HFL condition
DL + SDL + sefl wt. Normal 8676.96 - 39784.90 0.00
4a (i) No Earth
Normal 11378.61 - 43566.94 0.00
Seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
sefl weight Normal 7653.90 - 36707.54 0.00
5a (i) No Earth
Normal 10355.55 - 40489.58 0.00
Seismic 63.20 911.58 -
Normal 4197.24 15585.06 0.00
6 Scour alround
Seismic 63.20 911.58 -
7 LIVE LOAD
Normal 472.53 - 1421.37 1080.79
i) Class - A -2 - Lane
Seismic 9.45 165.46
Normal 437.59 - 1316.27 1212.68
ii) 7OR Wheeled
Seismic 8.75 157.44
Normal 506.94 - 1524.88 1375.21
iii) 7OR Tracked
Seismic 10.14 181.86
8 Longitudinal forces&moments - - - -
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 - -
ii) 70R wheeled - 3893.25 - -
iii) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 - -
iv) span unloaded condition - 0.00 - -


i) Class - A - 2 - Lane 33.83 - 101.76 -
ii) 70R wheeled 38.86 - 116.89 -
iii) 70R Tracked 40.00 - 120.32 -
10 Earth Pressure (LWL) - 8481.87 - -
11 Earth Pressure (HFL) - 7218.38 - -
12 Scour alround condition - 0 - -
13 Fluid Pressure - 6497.90 - -
14 Live Load surcharge Pressure 1184.22 3530.05 Err:509 -

When the live load will be on span, the next train of load on embankment will be atleast 20m away from the back
wall, Hence there will be no surcharge pressure effect on abutment when live load will be on span.
A) Low water level condition :-
S.no Description V (kn) MO (Kn.m) MR (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m)
1 DL+SDL+self wt. (LWL) 10549.62 - 48808.39 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37 1080.79
seismic 9.45 165.46
3 Longitudinal force & moment
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 - -
4 Vertical component of braking 33.83 - 101.76 -
5 Earth(LWL) / Fluid Pressure - 8481.87 - -
Total 11201.32 12375.12 52355.13 1246.25
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 10549.62 - 48808.39 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27 1212.68
seismic 8.75 157.44
3 Longitudinal force & moment
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 - -
Total 11170.71 12375.12 52265.16 1370.12
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 10549.62 - 48808.39 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88 1375.21
seismic 10.14 181.86
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 - -
Total 11242.59 12375.12 52477.20 1557.07
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 10549.62 - 48808.39 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -

i) Shear deformation - 511.53 - -
4 Live load surcharge 1184.22 3530.05 Err:509 -
Total 11869.73 12523.45 Err:509 0.00
1 self wt.(LWL) 9526.56 - 45731.03 0.000
seismic 94.97 1277.64 -
Total 9621.53 8481.87 47008.67 0.00


1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 12202.11 - 51111.12 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
2 LL - Class - A - 2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37 1080.79
seismic 9.45 165.46
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 - -
Total 12853.81 12375.12 54657.86 1246.25
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 12202.11 - 51111.12 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27 1212.68
seismic 8.75 157.44
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 - -
Total 12823.20 12375.12 54567.89 1370.12
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 12202.11 - 51111.12 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88 1375.21
seismic 10.14 181.86
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 - -
Total 12895.08 12375.12 54779.93 1557.07
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 12202.11 - 51111.12 0.000
seismic 135.89 2023.61 -
Total 13522.22 12523.45 Err:509 0.00


1 self wt.(LWL) 11179.05 - 48033.76 0.000
seismic 94.97 1277.64 -
Total 11274.02 8481.87 49311.40 0.000

III) scour alround condition:-

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 4991.46 - 18794.67 0.000
seismic 94.97 1277.64 -
Total 5086.43 511.53 20072.31 0.000
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90 0.000
seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37 1080.79
seismic 9.45 165.46
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 - -
5 Earth(HFL) / Fluid Pressure - 7218.38 - -
Total 9296.89 11111.63 42965.58 1246.25
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90 0.000
seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27 1212.68
seismic 8.75 157.44
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 - -
Total 9266.28 11111.63 42875.61 1370.12
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90 0.000
seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88 1375.21
seismic 10.14 181.86
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 - -
Total 9338.16 11111.63 43087.65 1557.07


1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 8676.96 - 39784.90 0.000
seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
Total 9965.30 11259.96 Err:509 0.00


1 self wt.(HFL) 7653.90 - 36707.54 0.000
seismic 63.20 911.58 -
Total 7717.10 7218.38 37619.12 0.000

1 DL+SDL+self wt(HFL) 11378.61 - 43566.94 0.000
seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
2 LL - Class - A - 2 - Lane 472.53 - 1421.37 1080.79
seismic 9.45 165.46
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3893.25 - -
Total 11998.54 11111.63 46747.62 1246.25
1 DL+SDL+self wt(HFL) 11378.61 - 43566.94 0.000
seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 - 1316.27 1212.68
seismic 8.75 157.44
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3893.25 - -
Total 11967.93 11111.63 46657.65 1370.12
1 DL+SDL+self wt(HFL) 11378.61 - 43566.94 0.000
seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 - 1524.88 1375.21
seismic 10.14 181.86
i) 70R Tracked - 3893.25 - -
Total 12039.81 11111.63 46869.69 1557.07

1 DL+SDL+self wt 11378.61 - 43566.94 0.000

seismic 104.12 1657.55 -
Total 12666.95 11259.96 Err:509 0.00


1 self wt.(HFL) 10355.55 - 40489.58 0.000
seismic 63.20 911.58 -
Total 10418.75 7218.38 41401.16 0.000
III) scour alround condition:-
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 4197.24 - 15585.06 0.000
seismic 63.20 911.58 -
Total 4260.44 511.53 16496.64 0.000
Stability Check:-
I) Stability against sliding:- m = 0.7 (Ref. CL - 706.3.4 of IRC - 78 - 2000)
Factor of safety = mv > 1.25
HL
II) Stability against overturning:-
Factor of safety = MR 1.5
MO
S. HL (Kn) FS against MR (Kn.m) MO (Kn.m) FS against
LC V (kn)
NO sliding overturning
1 1 11201.32 3169.18 2.47 52355.13 12375.12 4.23
2 2 11170.71 3169.18 2.47 52265.16 12375.12 4.22
3 3 11242.59 3169.18 2.48 52477.20 12375.12 4.24
4 4 11869.73 3992.90 2.08 Err:509 12523.45 Err:509
5 5 9621.53 2657.65 2.53 47008.67 8481.87 5.54
6 6 12853.81 3169.18 2.84 54657.86 12375.12 4.42
7 7 12823.20 3169.18 2.83 54567.89 12375.12 4.41
8 8 12895.08 3169.18 2.85 54779.93 12375.12 4.43
9 9 13522.22 3992.90 2.37 Err:509 12523.45 Err:509
10 10 11274.02 2657.65 2.97 49311.40 8481.87 5.81
11 11 5086.43 511.53 6.96 20072.31 511.53 39.24
12 12 9296.89 2785.91 2.34 42965.58 11111.63 3.87
13 13 9266.28 2785.91 2.33 42875.61 11111.63 3.86
14 14 9338.16 2785.91 2.35 43087.65 11111.63 3.88
15 15 9965.30 3609.63 1.93 Err:509 11259.96 Err:509
16 16 7717.10 2274.38 2.38 37619.12 7218.38 5.21
17 17 11998.54 2785.91 3.01 46747.62 11111.63 4.21
18 18 11967.93 2785.91 3.01 46657.65 11111.63 4.2
19 19 12039.81 2785.91 3.03 46869.69 11111.63 4.22
20 20 12666.95 3609.63 2.46 Err:509 11259.96 Err:509

21 21 10418.75 2274.38 3.21 41401.16 7218.38 5.74

22 22 4260.44 511.53 5.83 16496.64 511.53 32.25

(Seismic case)
0.00 - -
-
0.00 - -
-
0.00 - -
-
0.00 - -
-
0.00
-
0.00 - -
-
0.00 - -
-
0.00 - -
-
0.00 - -
-
0.00
-
1080.79 - -
165.46
1212.68 - -
157.44
1375.21 - -
181.86
- - -
- 511.53 -
- 511.53 -
- 511.53 -
- 0.00 -

- - -
- - -
- - -
- 2657.65 -
- 2140.73 -
- 0.00 -
- 2274.38 -
- 823.72 -

ad on embankment will be atleast 20m away from the backside of dirt

t on abutment when live load will be on span.

0.000 - -
-
1080.79 - -
165.46
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2657.65 -
1246.25 3169.180 0

0.000 - -
-
1212.68 - -
157.44
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2657.65 -
1370.12 3169.180 0

0.000 - -
-
1375.21 - -
181.86
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2657.65 -
1557.07 3169.180 0

0.000 - -
-

- 511.53 -
- 2657.65 -
- 823.72 -
0.00 3992.900 0

0.000 - -
-
- 2657.65 -
0.00 2657.650 0


0.000 - -
-
1080.79 - -
165.46
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2657.65 -
1246.25 3169.180 0

0.000 - -
-
1212.68 - -
157.44
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2657.65 -
1370.12 3169.180 0

0.000 - -
-
1375.21 - -
181.86
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2657.65 -
1557.07 3169.180 0

0.000 - -
-
- 511.53 -
- 2657.65 -
- 823.72 -
0.00 3992.900 0


0.000 - -
-
- 2657.65 -
0.000 2657.650 0


0.000 - -
-
- 511.53 -
- 0.00 -
0.000 511.530 0

0.000 - -
-
1080.79 - -
165.46
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2274.38 -
1246.25 2785.910 0

0.000 - -
-
1212.68 - -
157.44
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2274.38 -
1370.12 2785.910 0

0.000 - -
-
1375.21 - -
181.86
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2274.38 -
1557.07 2785.910 0


0.000 - -
-
- 511.53 -
- 2274.38 -
- 823.72 -
0.00 3609.630 0


0.000 - -
-
- 2274.38 -
0.000 2274.380 -

0.000 - -
-
1080.79 - -
165.46
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2274.38 -
1246.25 2785.910 0

0.000 - -
-
1212.68 - -
157.44
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2274.38 -
1370.12 2785.910 0

0.000 - -
-
1375.21 - -
181.86
- 511.53 -
- - -
- 2274.38 -
1557.07 2785.910 0

0.000 - -
-
- 511.53 -
- 2274.38 -
- 823.72 -
0.00 3609.630 0


0.000 - -
-
- 2274.38 -
0.000 2274.380 0

0.000 - -
-
- 511.53 -
- 0.00 -
0.000 511.530 0

Calculation of forces and moments at C.G. of abutment base:- (Seismic case)

Plan dimension of abutment base 12.9 x 7.860 m
V V
MO ML
MR
3.930 m 3.930 m 3.930 m 3.930 m

7.860 m
Transferring the forces and moments to C.G of abutment base from toe, ML = 3.93 V + MO
Load
S.No Combin At toe of Abutment base At C.G. o
ation
V (Kn) MO(Kn.m) MR (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m) V (Kn)
1 1 11201.320 12375.120 52355.130 1246.25 11201.320
2 2 11170.710 12375.120 52265.160 1370.120 11170.710
3 3 11242.590 12375.120 52477.200 1557.070 11242.590
4 4 11869.730 12523.450 Err:509 0.000 11869.730
5 5 9621.530 8481.870 47008.670 0.000 9621.530
6 6 12853.810 12375.120 54657.860 1246.250 12853.810
7 7 12823.200 12375.120 54567.890 1370.120 12823.200
8 8 12895.080 12375.120 54779.930 1557.070 12895.080
9 9 13522.220 12523.450 Err:509 0.000 13522.220
10 10 11274.020 8481.870 49311.400 0.000 11274.020
11 11 5086.430 511.530 20072.310 0.000 5086.430
12 12 9296.890 11111.630 42965.580 1246.250 9296.890
13 13 9266.280 11111.630 42875.610 1370.120 9266.280
14 14 9338.160 11111.630 43087.650 1557.070 9338.160
15 15 9965.300 11259.960 Err:509 0.000 9965.300
16 16 7717.100 7218.380 37619.120 0.000 7717.100
17 17 11998.540 11111.630 46747.620 1246.250 11998.540
18 18 11967.930 11111.630 46657.650 1370.120 11967.930
19 19 12039.810 11111.630 46869.690 1557.070 12039.810
20 20 12666.950 11259.960 Err:509 0.000 12666.950
21 21 10418.750 7218.380 41401.160 0.000 10418.750
22 22 4260.440 511.530 16496.640 0.000 4260.440
Calculation of base Pressure

A = 12.9 x 7.860 = 101.39 M2

ZL = 12.9 x 7.860 2 = 132.83 M3 6.450

6
ZT = 7.860 x 12.9 2 = 218.00 M3
6
V + ML + MT 6.45
Base Pressure, P = A ZL ZT
1. Load Combination : 1
P1 = 11201.320 + 4041.18 + 1246.25 110.48 + 30.42 + 5.72
101.39 132.83 218.00
P2 = 11170.710 + 4010.85 + 1370.120 = 110.18 + 30.20 + 6.28
101.39
dont take print
132.83 218.00
P3 = 11242.590 + 4081.3 + 1557.070 = 110.88 + 30.73 + 7.14

101.39 132.83 218.00
P4 = 11869.730 + Err:509 + 0.000 = 117.07 + Err:509 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00

P5 = 9621.530 + -714.190 + 0.000 = 94.90 + -5.38 + 0
101.39 132.83 218.00
P6 = 12853.810 + 8232.730 + 1246.250 = 126.78 + 61.98 + 5.72
101.39 132.83 218.00
P7 = 12823.200 + 8202.410 + 1370.120 = 126.47 + 61.75 + 6.28
101.39 132.83 218.00
P8 = 12895.080 + 8272.850 + 1557.070 = 127.18 + 62.28 + 7.14
101.39 132.83 218.00
P9 = 13522.220 + Err:509 + 0.000 = 133.37 + Err:509 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P10 = 11274.020 + 3477.370 + 0.000 = 111.19 + 26.18 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P11 = 5086.430 + 428.890 + 0.000 = 50.17 + 3.23 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P12 = 9296.890 + 4682.830 + 1246.250 = 91.69 + 35.25 + 5.72
101.39 132.83 218.00
P13 = 9266.280 + 4652.500 + 1370.120 = 91.39 + 35.03 + 6.28
101.39 132.83 218.00
P14 = 9338.160 + 4722.950 + 1557.070 = 92.10 + 35.56 + 7.14
101.39 132.83 218.00
P15 = 9965.300 + Err:509 + 0.000 = 98.29 + Err:509 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P16 = 7717.100 + -72.540 + 0.000 = 76.11 + -0.55 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P17 = 11998.540 + 11518.270 + 1246.250 = 118.34 + 86.71 + 5.72
101.39 132.83 218.00

P18 = 11967.930 + 11487.940 + 1370.120 = 118.04 + 86.49 + 6.28

101.39 132.83 218.00
P19 = 12039.810 + 11558.390 + 1557.070 = 118.75 + 87.02 + 7.14
101.39 132.83 218.00
P20 = 12666.950 + Err:509 + 0.000 = 124.93 + Err:509 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P21 = 10418.750 + 6762.910 + 0.000 = 102.76 + 50.91 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
P22 = 4260.440 + 758.420 + 0.000 = 42.02 + 5.71 + 0.00
101.39 132.83 218.00
SBC = 375 Kn / m2 Safe Bearing capacity has been inreased 25%

as per cl- 6.3.5.2 of IS : 1893(part I) : 2002.
Pmax = Err:509 Kn / m2 < SBC
Pmin = Err:509 Kn / m2 > 0 Err:509

- MR
At C.G. of abutment base
V (Kn) ML (Kn.M) MT (Kn.M)

11201.320 4041.18 1246.25
11170.710 4010.85 1370.12
11242.590 4081.3 1557.07
11869.730 Err:509 0.00
9621.530 -714.190 0.000
12853.810 8232.730 1246.25
12823.200 8202.410 1370.12
12895.080 8272.850 1557.07
13522.220 Err:509 0.00
11274.020 3477.370 0.00
5086.430 428.890 0.00
9296.890 4682.830 1246.25
9266.280 4652.500 1370.12
9338.160 4722.950 1557.07
9965.300 Err:509 0.00
7717.100 -72.540 0.00
11998.540 11518.270 1246.25
11967.930 11487.940 1370.12
12039.810 11558.390 1557.07
12666.950 Err:509 0.00
10418.750 6762.910 0.00
4260.440 758.420 0.00
3.930 3.930

ML
12.9
MT
7.860 m
Pmax = 146.62 Kn / m2
Pmin = 74.34 Kn / m2
6.28 Pmax = 146.66 Kn / m2

Pmin = 73.70 Kn / m2
7.14 Pmax = 148.75 Kn / m2

Pmin = 73.01 Kn / m2
0.00 Pmax = Err:509 Kn / m2

Pmin = Err:509 Kn / m2

Pmax = 89.52 Kn / m2
Pmin = 100.28 Kn / m2
5.72 Pmax = 194.48 Kn / m2

Pmin = 59.08 Kn / m2
6.28 Pmax = 194.50 Kn / m2

Pmin = 58.44 Kn / m2
7.14 Pmax = 196.60 Kn / m2

Pmin = 57.76 Kn / m2
0.00 Pmax = Err:509 Kn / m2

0.00 Pmax = 137.37 Kn / m2

Pmin = 85.01 Kn / m2
0.00 Pmax = 53.40 Kn / m2

Pmin = 46.94 Kn / m2
5.72 Pmax = 132.66 Kn / m2

Pmin = 50.72 Kn / m2
6.28 Pmax = 132.70 Kn / m2

Pmin = 50.08 Kn / m2
7.14 Pmax = 134.80 Kn / m2

Pmin = 49.40 Kn / m2
0.00 Pmax = Err:509 Kn / m2

0.00 Pmax = 75.56 Kn / m2

Pmin = 76.66 Kn / m2
5.72 Pmax = 210.77 Kn / m2

Pmin = 25.91 Kn / m2

6.28 Pmax = 210.81 Kn / m2

Pmin = 25.27 Kn / m2
7.14 Pmax = 212.91 Kn / m2

Pmin = 24.59 Kn / m2
0.00 Pmax = Err:509 Kn / m2

0.00 Pmax = 153.67 Kn / m2

Pmin = 51.85 Kn / m2
0.00 Pmax = 47.73 Kn / m2

Pmin = 36.31 Kn / m2
Safe Bearing capacity has been inreased 25% for seismic case -
as per cl- 6.3.5.2 of IS : 1893(part I) : 2002.

Design of base raft:- (Seismic case)

A B
1.115
Z
1.885
126.48 14.70
A B
0.610
4.250 m 3.000 m
Err:509 Err:509 Err:509

Err:509
Load combination - 7 is critical:- (with front side earth - 70R wheeled - LWL)
P max = Err:509 Kn / m2
P min = Err:509 Kn / m2
Downward load in backside = 2.8 + 3.1 x 10 + 4.571 x 18 + 0.9 +

2 2
= 126.48 Kn / m2
Downward load in front side = 1.2 + 0.9 x 14 = 14.70 Kn / m2

2
126.48 x 4.250 2 - Err:509 + Err:509 x 4.250 X 2 X Err:509 + Err:509

2 2 Err:509 + Err:509
= Err:509 Kn.m/m
126.48 x 4.250 - Err:509 + Err:509 x 4.250 = Err:509

2
Err:509 x 10 6 d req = Err:509 mm
2.220 x 1000
Q = 2.22
Grade of concrete = 30 J = 0.889
Stress in steel = 300 n / mm2
d Provided = 1200 - 75 - 16 = 1109 mm >

Err:509

Reinforcement required, Ast = Err:509 x 10 6 = Err:509

0.889 x 300 x 1109
Use 32 mm Rod
Provide 32 dia Err:509 c/c # at top ( Ast Provided: Err:509 mm 2 )

Check for shear:

V max = Err:509 Kn
Shear stress, tn = Err:509 x 10 3 = Err:509 N / mm2 < ### n / mm2

1000 x 1109 Err:509
% Ast = 100 x Err:509 = Err:509 % tc = Err:509 n / mm2 (From table 2B of IRC

1000 x 1109
Err:509 + Err:509 x 3.00 X 2 X Err:509 + Err:509 x 3.00 - 14.7
dont take print

2 Err:509 + Err:509 3
= Err:509 Kn. m/ m
Effective depth required= Err:509 x 10 6 = Err:509 mm<

2.22 x 1000 ###
Effective depth Provided = 1200 - 75 - 10.0 = 1115 mm
Reinforcement required, Ast: Err:509 x 10 6 = Err:509 mm2

0.889 x 300 x 1115
Use 20 mm Rod
Provide 20 dia Err:509 C/C # at bottom Ast provided = Err:509 mm2
Check for Shear:

Shear force is calculated at 'd' distance from face of abutment wall = 1115 mm
Shear force = Err:509 + Err:509 x 1.885 - 14.7 x 1.885

2
= Err:509 Kn/m
Total depth at critical section = #DIV/0! mm
Effective depth at critical section = #DIV/0! - 75 - 10.00 = #DIV/0! mm
Shear stress, t n = Err:509 x 10 3 = Err:509 n / mm2 < Err:509

1000 X #DIV/0! ###

% Ast = 100 x Err:509 = Err:509 % tc = Err:509 n / mm2 (From table 2B of IRC

1000 x #DIV/0!

(cl - 707.2.7 of IRC - 78) 100 2
Provide 10 @ 87 c/c AST Provide = 902.30 mm 2

Critical
section
1.885 for shear.
14.70
Err:509
+ 1.2 x 14
Err:509 x 4.250
Err:509 3
Kn/m
Err:509 mm

Err:509 mm2

n / mm2
2
14.7 x 3.00
2
1115 mm
mm2
Err:509 n / mm2

900.0 mm 2

Seismic Case - Design of abutment wall

I) Permanent Load Calculation : Ah = 0.080 Av = 0.04
LWL condition
Longitudi
S. Actual Vertical Lever Horizont Lever
Description of Load Load nal
moment
81.84 6.411 524.68
2 Weight of dirt wall:- 51.65 2.07 -0.285 -0.59
4.13 6.891 28.47
0.00 6.411 0.00
4 Weight of abutment cap:- 96.68 3.87 -0.075 -0.29
7.73 6.505 50.28
5 Weight of abutment wall:(above bedlevel) 651.36 26.05 0.000 0.00
52.11 4.456 232.20
Weight of abutment wall:(below bedlevel) 550.83 22.03 0.00 0.00
44.07 1.400 61.70
Total 94.94 189.88 900.75

se - Design of abutment wall
Transver
se
moment
0.00
0.00

Seismic Case
II) Permanent Load Calculation : Ah = 0.080 Av = 0.04
HFL condition
Vertica Lever Horizont Longitudi

S. Actual Lever
Description of Load l Load arm al Load nal
No Load arm
moment

81.84 6.411 524.68
2 Weight of dirt wall:- 51.65 2.07 -0.285 -0.59
4.13 6.891 28.46
0.00 6.411 0.00
4 Weight of abutment cap:- 96.68 3.87 -0.075 -0.29
7.73 6.505 50.28
5 Weight of abutment wall:- (above HFL) 118.04 4.72 -0.075 -0.35
9.44 5.811 54.86
Weight of abutment wall:- (below HFL) 607.12 24.28 0.00 0.00
48.57 2.756 133.86
Total 75.86 151.71 795.21
III) Live Load Calculation

Class -A 70Rw
dont take print

(50% of the LL) Trans.Eccen 2.287 2.771
Longitudi
S. Actual Lever Horizont Lever
Description of Load Vertica nal
l Load moment
1 Class - A - 2 lane
Reaction 472.53 9.45 2.287 -
18.90 6.411
Total 9.45 18.90
2 70 R wheeled
Reaction 437.59 8.75 2.771
17.50 6.411
Total 8.75 17.50
3 70 R Tracked
Reaction 506.94 10.14 2.7128
20.28 6.411
Total 10.14 20.28

Seismic Case
Transvers
e moment
0.00
0.00
Live Load Calculation

70Rt
2.712766
Transvers
e moment
21.61
121.17
142.78
24.25
112.19
136.44
27.51
130.02
157.53

IV) Calculation of forces & moments due to earth Pressure at bottom of abutment wall:-
A) Approach retained conditon:- (Seismic case)
RTL - 122.46
4.571 1.86
HFL- 120.600 ka = 0.345
2.711 (Dry)g = 18 KN / M3
Bed level (LWL) 117.889 5.511 (Wet) g = 10 KN / M3
2.8
1.200

Pressure due to soil above LWL :-
2
Pressure due to soil = 0.345 x 18 x 4.571 x 12.9 = 836.90 Kn
above LWL 2
abutment wall
Pressure due to surcharge = 0.345 x 18 x 4.571 x 2.8 x 12.9 = 1025.30 Kn

of soil above LWL
abutment wall
2
2
abutment wall

2
Pressure due to soil = 0.345 x 18.00 x 1.86 x 12.9 = 138.57 Kn
above HFL 2
abutment wall


of soil above HFL
abutment wall
2
2
abutment wall
Total pressure for HFL condition = 138.57 + 821.15 + 675.83 = 1635.55 Kn
=
Total moment for HFL condition = 871.91 + 2262.68 + 1564.29 = 4698.88
x Kn.m
B) scour alround condition:- scour level = 117.889
No earth pressure & no live load forces and moments acting on abutment wall.
=
V) Force and Moment due to FluidxPressure
x :-x (cl-217.1
x of IRC - 6 - 2000)
Height of wall = 122.46 - 115.089 = 7.371 m

2
for entier length 2
3
VI) Calculation of live load surcharge Pressure:-
122.46
7.371
H2
dont take print

7.450
115.089

Pressure
Moment at bottom of
2
Total moment at bottom = 2610.770 Kn.m

of abutment wall

VII) Force and moment due to buoyancy:-


Kn

SUMMARY OF FORCES AND MOMENTS AT BOTTOM OF ABUTMENT WALL (seismic case)

S. ML (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m) HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
NO
LWL condition
DL + SDL + sefl Normal 2218.35 82.06 0.00 - -
1
wt. seismic 94.94 900.75
sefl weight Normal 1195.29 -25.36 0.00 - -
2
seismic 54.02 371.77
HFL condition
DL + SDL + sefl Normal 1983.69 82.06 0.00 - -
3
wt. seismic 75.86 795.21
sefl weight Normal 960.63 -25.36 0.00 - -
4
seismic 34.94 266.23
5 LIVE LOAD
Class - A -2 - Normal 472.53 49.62 1080.79 - -
i)
Lane seismic 9.45 142.78
Normal 437.59 45.95 1212.68 - -
ii) 7OR Wheeled
seismic 8.75 136.44
Normal 506.94 53.23 1375.21 - -
iii) 7OR Tracked
seismic 10.14 157.53
6 Longitudinal force&moment - - - - -
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
ii) 70R wheeled - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
iii) 70R Tracked - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
iv) span unloaded condition - 115.09 - 1023.06 -
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane 33.83 3.55 - - -
ii) 70R wheeled 38.86 4.08 - - -
iii) 70R Tracked 40.00 4.20 - - -
8 Earth Pressure (LWL) - 5590.60 - 2036.66 -
9 Earth Pressure (HFL) - 4698.88 - 1635.55 -
10 Scour alround condition - 0 - 0.00 -
11 Fluid Pressure - 4132.94 - 1682.11 -
12 Live Load surcharge Pressure - 2610.77 - 708.39 -
When the live load will be on span, the next train of load on embankment will be atleast 20m away
from the backside of dirt wall, Hence there will be no surcharge pressure effect on abutment when
live load will be on span.
A) Low water level condition :- 0.5 D = 0.5 x 0.760 = 0.380 m

a) Span loaded condition:- 1.5 D = 1.5 x 0.760 = 1.140 m
Load Combination:- 1 e = ML / V
S.no Description V (kn) ML (Kn.m) MT (Kn.m) HL (Kn) HT (Kn)
1 DL+SDL+self wt. (LWL) 2218.35 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 94.94 900.75

2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 49.62 1080.79 - -

seismic 9.45 142.78
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
4 Vertical component of braking 33.83 3.55 - - -
5 Earth(LWL) / Fluid Pressure - 5590.60 - 2036.66 -
Total 2829.10 9906.00 1223.57 2548.19 0.00
e = 3.501 m > 1.5 D

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 2218.35 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 94.94 900.75
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 45.95 1212.68 - -
seismic 8.75 136.44
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
Total 2798.49 9902.86 1349.12 2548.19 0.00
e = 3.539 m > 1.5 D
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 2218.35 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 94.94 900.75
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 53.23 1375.21 - -
seismic 10.14 157.53
i) 70R Tracked - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
Total 2870.37 9910.26 1532.74 2548.19 0.00
e = 3.453 m > 1.5 D
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 2218.35 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 94.94 900.75
i) Shear deformation - 115.09 - 0.00 -
4 Live load surcharge - 2610.77 - 708.39 -
Total 2313.29 9299.27 0.00 2745.05 0.00
e = 4.020 m > 1.5 D
1 self wt.(LWL) 1195.29 -25.36 0.000 - -
seismic 54.02 371.77
Total 1249.31 5937.01 0.00 2036.66 0.00
e = 4.752 m > 1.5 D
d) scour alround condition:-

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(LWL) 2218.35 82.06 0.000 - -

seismic 94.94 900.75
Total 2313.29 1097.90 0.00 0.00 0.00
e = 0.475 m > 0.5 D


1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 75.86 795.21
2 LL - Class - A -2 - Lane 472.53 49.62 1080.79 - -
seismic 9.45 142.78
i) Class - A - 2 - Lane - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
5 Earth(HFL) / Fluid Pressure - 4698.88 - 1682.11 -
Total 2575.36 8908.74 1223.57 2193.64 0.00
e = 3.459 m > 1.5 D
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 75.86 795.21
2 LL - 7OR Wheeled 437.59 45.95 1212.68 - -
seismic 8.75 136.44
i) 7OR Wheeled - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
Total 2544.75 8905.60 1349.12 2193.64 0.00
e = 3.500 m > 1.5 D
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 75.86 795.21
2 LL - 70R Tracked 506.94 53.23 1375.21 - -
seismic 10.14 157.53
i) 70R Tracked - 3279.42 - 511.53 -
Total 2616.63 8913.00 1532.74 2193.64 0.00
e = 3.406 m > 1.5 D
dont take print

1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 75.86 795.21

dont take print
4- laning of NH -45 from km 333/000
to 421/273 of Trichy-Dindigul road
Design of Bridges
Design of Abutment for Bridge No: 388/3

4 Live load surcharge - 2610.77 - 708.39 -
Total 2059.55 8302.01 0.00 2390.50 0.00
e = 4.031 m > 1.5 D

dont take print

1 self wt.(HFL) 960.63 -25.36 0.000 - -
seismic 34.94 266.23
Total 995.57 4939.75 0.00 1682.11 0.00
e = 4.962 m > 1.5 D
d) scour alround condition:-
1 DL+SDL+self wt.(HFL) 1983.69 82.06 0.000 - -
seismic 75.86 795.21
Total 2059.55 992.36 0.00 0.00 0.00
e = 0.482 m > 0.5 D

WASTE
Stress check :- (Seismic case) XX
Effective depth for stress check = 610 - 40 - 16 =
Width of section is = 12900 mm
Effective cover for tension face = 40 + 10.0 = 50.00 mm
Effective cover for compression = 40 + 6.0 = 46.00 mm

face
Minimum Ast = 0.2 x 12900 x 610 = 15738 =
100 2
Assume tension steel:- Provide 20 mm dia 150 C/C
Compression steel:- Provide 12 mm dia 200 C/C
Grade of concrete = M 30 Grade of Steel = 500
Check for shear:- Design shear force (v) = 2745.05 Kn
Shear stress, tn =
n = 2745.05 x 10 3
bd 12900 x 554.00 = 0.384 N / mm2 <
% AST = 100 x 27004.00 = 0.380 % tc = 0.422 N / mm2

12900 x 554.00
Provide horizontally on 12 mm dia 185 C/C Provided

both faces

X
X X
554 mm
7869 mm 2
Provided 27004.0 mm2
Provided 7291.08 mm2
0.422 N / mm 2 SAFE
7882.25 mm2

STRESS CHECK (seismic case)

Load ML(Kn.m) MT(Kn.m)
S.No V (Kn) N.A % Error < 5% Actual fcr Actual fst
Combination
1 1 2829.100 9906.00 1223.570 159 22.39390 20.331 715.272
2 2 2798.490 9902.86 1349.120 159 22.44143 20.313 715.169
3 3 2870.370 9910.26 1532.740 159 22.32987 20.357 715.411
4 4 2313.290 9299.27 0.000 158 22.10305 19.050 672.394
5 5 1249.310 5937.01 0.000 158 22.71709 12.066 430.241
6 6 2313.290 1097.90 0.000 214 23.17424 2.943 70.355
7 7 2575.360 8908.74 1223.570 158 21.45715 18.401 642.643
8 8 2544.750 8905.60 1349.120 158 21.51058 18.382 642.542
9 9 2616.630 8913.00 1532.740 158 21.38519 18.427 642.782
10 10 2059.550 8302.01 0.000 157 21.22471 17.101 599.861
11 11 995.570 4939.75 0.000 156 21.08234 10.136 357.633
12 12 2059.550 992.36 0.000 204 20.65598 2.915 71.248
The stresses are checked and found to be safe (The stress check sheet is enclosed).

Permissi Permissi
ble fcr ble fst
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300
Err:509 300

DESIGN OF VERTICAL COUNTERFORT FOR ABUTMENT

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT FOR ECCENTRICITY -e IS GREATER THAN 0.5*D
Input Details:
comp. Rein.Asc(sq.mm)= 339 Breadth
Cover to comp. Rein.D'(mm)= 58
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

Eccentricity,e = 1201.226538 mm>0.5 * D Assume N.A X = 1000
0.5 * D = 2777.5 fcr= 13.22 N/Sq.mm<
Asume depth of N.A,X= 1000 mm fst= 65.48 N/Sq.mm<
x/d= 0.182965877
K1= 500000
X1= 991.68026017
% Error = -273.221
b1= (e-X1)/d+1 b1= 1.0383398
b2= (X/(2*d))(1-(X/(3*d))) b2= 0.0859035 Final Fcr= 13.221625 N/Sq.mm<
b3= (m-1)(1-(D'/X)) b3= 8.478 Final Fst= 65.483596 N/Sq.mm<
fcr= (Nd*b1)/(b2bd+b3Asc(1-(D'/Dt)) fcr= 12.459739444 N/Sq.mm

fst= (fcr(0.5K1+b3Asc)-Nd)/Ast fst= 57.864738595 N/Sq.mm

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
% Error = -273.221034 < 5%
ZT= 231458333


mm
15.00 N/Sq.mm
300 N/Sq.mm
< 5%
15 N/Sq.mm
300 N/Sq.mm

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WALL (Seismic case) SAMPLE STRESS CHECK

UNIAXIAL BENDING ON RECTANGULAR SECTION Load combination 1
Input Details:
dont ta
comp. Rein.Asc(sq.mm)= 7291.08 Breadth
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 715.272 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 22.3939 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
Leverarm Z= 504.5
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 19.1460996
fst = M/AstZ fst= 727.124961

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 159
% Error = 22.3939 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10



DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WALL (Seismic case) Load combination 2

Input Details:
DONT TAKE PRIN

Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 715.169 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 22.44143 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
Leverarm Z= 504.5
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 19.1400307
fst = M/AstZ fst= 726.894478

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 159
% Error = 22.44143 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10




Input Details:
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 715.411 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 22.32987 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
Leverarm Z= 504.5
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 19.1543332
fst = M/AstZ fst= 727.437656

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 159
% Error = 22.32987 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10




ECCENTRICITY -e IS GREATER THAN 1.5*D DONT TAKE PRINT
Input Details:
MOMENT.MT= 0.00 KNM
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 672.394 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 22.10305 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 18.0752384
fst = M/AstZ fst= 682.138772

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 158
% Error = 22.10305 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10



DONT TAKE PRINT

Input Details:
MOMENT.MT= 0.00 KNM
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 430.241 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 22.71709 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 11.5399242
fst = M/AstZ fst= 435.503509

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 158
% Error = 22.71709 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10



DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WALL (seismic case) Load combination : 6

DONT T
Input Details:
MOMENT.MT= 0.00 KNM
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

0.5 * D = 305 fcr= 2.943 N/Sq.mm<
x/d= 0.383856502
K1= 2760600
X1= 144.99752854
% Error = 23.174242
b1= (e-X1)/d+1 b1= 1.5912249


X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
% Error = 23.17424192 < 5%
ZT=16918350000


DONT TAKE PRINT
mm
### N/Sq.mm
300.0 N/Sq.mm
< 5%
### N/Sq.mm
300 N/Sq.mm


Input Details:
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 642.643 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 21.45715 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 17.3161548
fst = M/AstZ fst= 653.49183

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 158
% Error = 21.45715 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10




Input Details:
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 642.542 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 21.51058 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 17.3100515
fst = M/AstZ fst= 653.261498

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 158
% Error = 21.51058 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10




Input Details:
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 642.782 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 21.38519 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 17.3244351
fst = M/AstZ fst= 653.804318

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 158
% Error = 21.38519 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10




Input Details:
MOMENT.MT= 0.00 KNM
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 599.861 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 21.22471 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 16.2289043
fst = M/AstZ fst= 608.583911

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 157
% Error = 21.22471 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10




Input Details:
MOMENT.MT= 0.00 KNM
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 357.633 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 21.08234 < 5%
x= 41.8666667
Leverarm Z= 505.5
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 9.71179479
fst = M/AstZ fst= 361.872608

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 156
% Error = 21.08234 < 5%
ZT= 1.6918E+10



DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WALL (seismic case) Load combination : 12

Input Details:
MOMENT.MT= 0.00 KNM
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

0.5 * D = 305 fcr= 2.915 N/Sq.mm<
x/d= 0.365919283
K1= 2631600
X1= 142.21505596
% Error = 20.65598
b1= (e-X1)/d+1 b1= 1.7010988


X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
% Error = 20.65597957 < 5%
ZT=16918350000


mm
### N/Sq.mm
300.0 N/Sq.mm
< 5%
### N/Sq.mm
300 N/Sq.mm

Design of Abutment cap:- (Seismic case) Ah = 0.080

-refer normal case- Av = 0.04
Design of dirt wall:- (Seismic case )

122.46
340
0.960
7.45 5.96 121.500
Live load Surcharge Active Earth
Pressure Pressure
Active earth Pressure = 0.345 x 18 x 0.960 = 5.96 kn /m2
Live load surcharge pressure = 0.345 x 18 x 1.2 = 7.45 kn /m2
Total horizontal force = 0.5 x 5.96 x 0.960 + 7.45 x 0.960
= 10.01 Kn/m
Moment at bottom of dirt wall due to = 0.5 x 5.96 x 0.960 x 0.42 x

earth pressure & liveload surcharge
pressure + 7.45 x 0.960 x 0.960 = 4.59 Kn.m/m
2
Calculation of Bending Moment due to live load: 1.93

(70R Bogie load governs) 2.13
(0.5+1.63)
0.960 12.90
Breaking force due to liveload = 0.2 x 200 = 40.00 KN
Effective width of dispersion = 2.130 + 1.930 + 0.86 +

2
= 5.450
Load / m = 40.00 5.450 = 7.340 Kn/m
Seismic case = 0.150 Kn/m
Total = 7.490 Kn/m
This force will act at 1.2 m above the road surface. i.e., this load acts at a height of
1.2 + 0.960 = 2.160 m from the base of dirt wall
Moment at base of dirt wall = 7.490 x 2.160 = 16.18 Kn.m

Due to longitudinal force

Total bending moment = 4.59 + 16.18 = 20.77 Kn.m/m
Effective depth provided = 340 - 40 - 12 = 294 mm

2

d required = 20.77 x 10 6
2.22 x 1000 = 97 < 294 mm
Ast required = 20.77 x 10 6 =

0.889 x 300 x 294 264.89 mm2 > min. Ast
Minimum Ast = 0.12 x 1000 x 340 = 408.00 = 204.0

100 2
Use 12 mm dia bar
Provide 12 # at 426 mm c/c vertically on earth face

Ast provided 265.35 mm 2 /m
30 % of the bending moment = 0.3 x 20.77 = 6.23 Kn.m
AST required = 6.23 x 10 6 = 79.45 mm 2 <

0.889 x 300 x 294
Use 10 mm dia bar
Provide 10 # at 192 mm c/c vertically on other face. Provided = 408.85
Provide 10 # at 384 mm c/c horizontally on both face. Provided = 204.43
Check for Shear:-
Shear force = 10.01 + 7.490 = 17.50 Kn
Shear stress, tv = v = 17.50 x 1000 = 0.060 N/mm 2

bd 1000 x 294
For Slabs, the permissible shear stress in concrete witout shear reinforcement is K tc. Where K is
the value given in table 12c and tc given in table 12B.
%AST = 100 x 265.4 = 0.09 %

1000 x 294
tc from table 12B = 0.268 N/mm 2
K value as per table 12c, for a depth of 340 = 1

K tc = 0.268 x 1
= 0.268 N / mm 2 > tv SAFE
Hence shear reinforcement is not required.

Design of flywing wall:- (Seismic case)

7.45 2000 500
1
9.310 600 2000 6
0.6
12.010 267 0.27 1800 2
13.670 267 0.27 6
1400
3 6
15.330 267 0.27 3 4 1000 1333.33333
16.980 267 0.27 6 6 600 1.333
5
18.640 6 200
19.460 267 0.27
6
12.010 7.45 6
Counterfort for
return wall
Shear force and Bending moment:-

Segme
nt No. Total Horizontal Pressure Moment at face of counter fort
Length of
From (W) kn / m2 kn.m/m (wL2/2)
cantilever(L)
top.
(m)
1 2.000 9.310 18.62
2 1.800 12.010 19.46
3 1.400 13.670 13.40
4 1.000 15.330 7.67
5 0.600 16.980 3.06
6 0.200 18.640 0.37
Maximum Bending moment = 19.46 kn .m/m
Overall depth Provided = 300 mm
d Provided = 300 - 40 - 16 - 10 = 239 mm

2
2.22 x 1000 = 94 < 239 mm
SAFE
Ast required = 19.5 x 10 6 = 305 mm2 <
300 x 0.889 x 239
Use 10 mm dia bars
Provide 10 # at 257 mm c/c horizontally on earth face

Ast provided = 305.5 mm 2 /m

Minimum Ast = 0.12 x 1000 x 300 = 360.00 mm2

100
Use 10 mm dia bars
Provide 10 # at 218 mm c/c horizontally on other face
Ast provided = 360.09 mm 2 /m
Check for shear:-

Shear force n = 12.01 x 1.800 = 21.62 Kn.
Shear stress, tn = 21.62 x 10 3

1000 x 239 = 0.09 n / mm2 < tc max
for with shear reinforcement beam, tc max = 3.300 n/mm2

(Refer - Table 12 A of IRC - 21)
Shear reinforcement = ASW = V = 21.62 x 10 3
SV ds X d 300 x 239 = 0.30 mm 2 /mm
Minimum shear ASW = 0.4

reinforcement: b.sv 0.87 Fy
ASW = 0.4 x 1000 = 1.53 mm2 / mm

sv 0.87 x 300
Use 16 mm dia bars
Provide 2L 16 # stirrups at 262 c/c
Ast provided = 1.530 mm2/mm

kn /m2
0.960
Kn.m/m
0.960

SAFE
> min. Ast
mm2
408.00
mm 2
mm 2 /m
mm 2 /m
ss in concrete witout shear reinforcement is K tc. Where K is

Counterfort for
return wall
mm
Min .Ast

mm 2 /mm

Design of return wall: (Seismic case)
The return wall near base will span between the counterfort and the abutment wall.
122.46
7.371 m
7.45 45.77 115.089

Live Load surcharge Pressure Earth Pressure
Active earth Pressure = 0.345 x 18 x 7.371 = 45.77 Kn / m2
Live load surcharge Pressure = 0.345 x 18 x 1.2 = 7.45 Kn / m2
53.22 Kn / m2
1 Kn / m
4305
300 305
Bending moment coefficient: =1 (other face)
Shear force Coefficient: = 0.070
Maximum moment: = 53.22 x 1 = 53.22 Kn.m /m
d Provided = 600 - 40 - 16 = 552 mm

2
2.22 x 1000 =
155 mm < 552
SAFE
Ast required = 53.22 x 10 6
300 x 0.889 x 552 = 361.50 mm2
Use 16 mm dia bars
Provide 16 # at 555 mm c/c horizontally on other face
Ast provided = 362.09 mm 2 / m

Minimum Ast = 0.12 x 1000 x 600 = 720.00 mm2

100
Use 10 mm dia bars
Provide 10 # at 109 mm c/c horizontally on earth face

Distribution steel:
Ast = 720 = 360.00 mm2
2
Use 10 mm dia bars
Provide 10 # at 218 mm c/c vertically on both faces

Check for shear:

Shear force = 0.070 x 53.22 = 3.73 Kn
Shear stress, tn = V = 3.73 x 10 3 0.007 n /mm2

bd 1000 x 552 =
tv < tc = 0.310 n/mm2 SAFE
% Ast = 100 x 362.09 = 0.07 %

1000 x 552
tc = 0.310 n /mm2 (from table 2B of IRC - 21)

DESIGN OF COUNTERFORT FOR RETURNWALL (Seismic case)

Input Details:
VERTICAL LOAD= 23.49 KN self weight Depth
MOMENT.MT= 0 KNM
comp. Rein.Asc(sq.mm)= 226.08 2-12 DIA Breadth
Modular ratio,m= 10
Steel =S 415 Dt D'

fst= 1407.056 N/Sq.mm< 300 N/Sq.mm
% Error = 33.24527 < 5%
x= 128.6144
fcr = M/(0.5XZ) fcr= 70.7632212
fst = M/AstZ fst= 1408.50361

X2 = d/(1+fstm*fcr)
N.A- X= 256
% Error = 33.24527 < 5%
ZT= 25000000



1. Rein of base raft (Seismic case)

a)Heel Slab Longitudinal direction (main rod)
Top rod: 32 mm at Err:509 mm c/c
b)Toe slab Longitudinal direction (main rod)
Bottom rod: 20 mm at Err:509 mm c/c
Transverse direction (Both back & front side) (Distribution)
Top & bottom 10 mm at 87 mm c/c
2. Rein of Abutment wall
Main rod (earth face) 20 mm dia 150 mm c/c
Comp rod (Other face) 12 mm dia 200 mm c/c
Horizontal rod (Both face) 12 mm dia 185 mm c/c
3. Rein of Abutment cap

All faces: Provide 6 Nos 16 mm dia at top & bottom along carriageway
4. Rein of Dirt wall

Provide 12 mm at 426 mm c/c vertically on earth face.
Provide 10 mm at 192 mm c/c vertically on other face
Provide 10 mm at 384 mm c/c horizontally on both faces.
5. Rein of fly wing

Horizontal rod:
6. Rein of Return wall:

a) Horizontal rod:
b) Vertical rod
Both faces 10 mm at 218 mm c/c
7. Rein of counterfort for return wall

Main rod (tension face) 16 Nos 16 mm dia
Stirrups 10 mm dia at 125 mm c/c
NOTE:-
Comparing to the normal case & seismic case reinforcements, Provide normal case reinforcement.
Because, Normal case design gives the highest reinforcement than the seismic case.

Namakkal Abutment - Open 15.4.2016 FINAL

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Namakkal Abutment - Open 15.4.2016 FINAL

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2- laning of SH -95 from km 13 Design of Bridges

to 2/279 of Mohannur-Namakkal road Design of Abutment for Bridge No: 2/279

New Construction of additional 2- Lane bridge on Nala Odai -1 at

Design of Abutment and foundation for A1 & A2

2. Brief Description of Structure:-

Return wall and counterfort for return wall:-

The design parameters shall be as follows:-

* DL = Self weight of structure

*Wind Forces - Considered as per clause - 209 of IRC: 6-2014

Mohanur - Namakkal Mukesh Associates

Mohanur - Namakkal Mukesh Associates

2 Top of deck slab excluding wearing coat 122.395

3 Bottom of deck 121.500 (outer side)

4 Top of Abutment cap 121.500

5 Top of Abutment stem 121.200

7 Founding Level 113.889

8 Bed Level 117.889

9 Safe Bearing Capacity 300 Kn / m2

10 Grade of Concrete fck 30 N/mm2

11 Grade of Steel fy 500.000 N/mm2

12 Unit weight of Concrete(Dry) 25 kn / m2

13 C/C of Expansion Joint 8.00 m

14 Thickness of wearing coat 65 mm

15 Width of the super structure & abutment 12.90 m

16 Unit weight of earth (Dry) 18 Kn /m3

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

Unit weight of earth (Wet) - (cl-710.4.7 ) 10 Kn/m3

17 Live Load Surcharge Pressure 1.200 m height of earth fill.

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

18 Co efficient of Friction (cl-211.5.1.1 (ii) ) 0.500

19 Depth of slab 0.65 m on outer edge

20 Nature of crossing Skew

Skew Cos Sin

21 Width of carriageway 10.500 m

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

340 220 200

600 300 Thick

4250 610 3000

4250 610 3000

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

Self Weight of Super structure:

Weight of Deck Slab :

Weight of Deck Slab = 8.00 x 0.65 x 25 x 12.90

Weight per support = 838.5 KN

Total weight of crash barrier / support = 7.75 x 8.00 x 2 / 2 = 62 KN / su

0.275 + 0.225 x 1.25 x 8.00 x 25 = 62.5 KN

Total weight of safety kerb / support = 62.5 X 2 = 62.5 KN / support

= 0.065 x 22 x 10.5 x 8.00 = 60.06 KN / support

Total reaction on Abutment = 838.50 + 62 + 62.5 + 60.06

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

TD. Toll Road Project Ltd. Asoka Consultants

II) Calculation of restoring moment at bottom of foundation :- LWL/DRY condition

S.N Vertical Eccentricity

1 (DL + SDL) from super structure 1023.06 3.008

2 Weight of dirt wall:-

3 Weight of abutment cap:-

0.610 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 77.60 3.107

0.5 x 0.15 x 0.150 + 0.6389 x 12.9 x 25 9.54 3.440

4 Weight of abutment wall:(above bedlevel)

5 Weight of abutment wall:(below bedlevel)