WATER RESOURCES

Water resources are sources

of water that are useful or
potentially useful. Uses of water
include agricultural, industrial,
household, recreational and
environmental activities.
Virtually all of these human uses
require fresh water.
97% of the water on the Earth is salt water. However, only three percent isfresh water;
slightly over two thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps.. The remaining
unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater, with only a small fraction present
above ground or in the air.

• Fresh water is a renewable resource, yet the world's

supply of clean, fresh water is steadily
decreasing. Water demand alreadyexceeds supply in
many parts of the world and as theworld
population continues to rise, so too does the water
demand. Awareness of the global importance of
preserving water for ecosystem services has only
recently emerged as, during the 20th century, more
than half the world’s wetlands have been lost along
with their valuable environmental services for Water
Education. The framework for allocating water
resources to water users (where such a framework
exists) is known as water rights.
The goals of water conservation efforts
include as follows:
• Sustainability. To ensure availability for future
generations, the withdrawal of fresh water from an
ecosystem should not exceed its natural replacement
rate.
• Energy conservation. Water pumping, delivery and
waste water treatment facilities consume a significant
amount of energy. In some regions of the world over
15% of total electricity consumption is devoted to
water management.
• Habitat conservation. Minimizing human water use
helps to preserve fresh water habitats for local wildlife
and migrating waterfowl, as well as reducing the need
to build new dams and other water diversion
infrastructures.
 HOW TO CONSERVE WATER?
• Water conservation programs are typically initiated at
the local level, by either municipalities water utilities or
regional governments. Common strategies include
public outreach campaigns, tiered water rates
(charging progressively higher prices as water use
increases), or restrictions on outdoor water use such as
lawn watering and car washing. Cities in dry climates
often require or encourage the installation of
xeriscaping or natural landscaping in new homes to
reduce outdoor water usage.
The problems on unsustainable use of
resources is manifested in the
following
• a. Timber poaching and mining
upstream areas.
• b. Hunting and trapping of wildlife;
• c. Electro- fishing
• d. Lack of accessible basic social
services for the marsh communities
• e. Unregulated human
occupancy/Settlements;
• f. Farming on the banks, which is
number one identified causes of riverbed
siltation.
• G. oil palm plantation in tg. Expansion
of he Marsh, and
 “Law Governing the use and
Ownership of Water”
• This is Presidential Decree No.
1067, otherwise know as the Water
Code of the Philippines. The Code
covers underground water, water
above the ground, water in the
atmosphere and the waters of the
sea within the territorial jurisdiction
of the Philippines.
 The Water Code has the following
objectives:
• (a) To establish the basic principles and
framework relating to the
appropriation, control and conservation of
water resources to achieve the optimum
development and rational utilization of these
resources;
• (b) To define the extent of the rights and
obligations of water users and owners
including the protection and regulation of
such rights;
(c) To adopt a, conservation
and protection of water
resources and rights to land
related thereto; and
(d) To identify the
administrative agencies
which will enforce the law.
Uploaded by::
Janilo