Type of Support

Support Symbols
Support Definition
Basic Support Principles
Spring Support
Struts
Snubbers
Sway brace

STRESS Concept In Design

 Type of Supports
• Anchors
• Rest Support
• Guides
• Directional Anchors
• Trunnions
• Rigid Hangers
• Spring Hangers
• Variable
• Constant
• Struts
• Snubbers
• Sway Brace
• U - Clamp
• Hold Supports

STRESS Concept In Design

 Familiarization with Stress symbols:

Rest Axial stop/Directional Stop Anchor

Spring Hanger
Rest Y

Resting and Guide

Z
X
Global Co-ordinate System

STRESS Concept In Design

 Anchor :An anchor is a mechanical connection (welded and/or bolted) between a
pipe (or exchanger, etc.) and a structure. The structure must be strong enough so
that it cannot bend excessively under large forces.
Directional Anchor: DA stops movement parallel to the center-line of the pipe,
but permits sideways pipe motion.

Guides: A guide stops sideways movement of a pipe, but permits movement

parallel to the pipe's centerline.

Rest Supports: A pipe support prevents downward motion of a pipe. If the

weight of the pipe acting down on the support is great enough, upward motion
of the pipe may not be possible.

Hangers: When the piping system moves up or down due to thermal expansion,
conventional rigid support is not feasible, as it may not take load at all or it may
act as a pivot. Under such condition, it is recommended to use flexible support
such as spring hangers

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 Type A

This arrangement is useful

when the head room
clearance available is
more.

Type B

This arrangement is
normally used when the
head room clearance
available is not higher.

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 Type C
Identical to Type B except
that Lug (steel attachment)
will take lesser load than
that of Type B

Type D
Normally used whether Head
room clearance available is
too less to accommodate can.
Load adjustment is done
from the top with the help of
adjusting nut

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 Type E
Identical to type “D”
except that adjustment is
done from below using
turn buckle but also can be
done from above the
piping

Type F
Designed to support piping
from a base below or from
the bottom. The base flange
being fastened to the floor or
to the supporting beams.

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 Type G
Made up of two standard spring units
welded to the end of a single or pair of
channels. Suitable for excess loads or low
head room clearance. Each spring is
carrying one half of the total load.

Equipment: Most equipment is anchored to a foundation. Therefore equipment

nozzles are also anchors. Generally they are full anchors. The anchors are mechanically
rigid but may have additional expansion when the equipment is hot. Even if the equipment
is not bolted down, the weight may be great enough to make the equipment an anchor
point.

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 Constant Springs

Recommended where thermal movement is excess or variation in load is

not permitted.

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 STRUTS

• It is a mechanical device, mainly used for

restriction of linear movement.
• This is preferred where conventional
guides/DA can not be installed due to non
availability of steel structure.
• It allows angular motion of ± 5°.
• Field adjustment of 2” - 4” can be done at
the time of installation.

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 SNUBBER

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 SNUBBER

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 SWAY BRACE

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