Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
• Simile
• Metaphor
• Personification
• Apostrophe
• Antithesis
• Epigram
* Oxymoron
* Paradox
• Metonymy
• Synecdoche
• Climax
• Anticlimax
*1. ALLITERATION :* Alliteration refers to the repetition of of an initial consonant sound, at least
three times in a sentence.
*EXAMPLES :*
*2. SIMILE :* In Simile, a comparison is made between two object of different kinds which have at
least one point in common. The Simile is introduced by the word ‘as…as’ or 'like'.
“Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you’re going to get”
*EXAMPLES:*
• As active as quicksilver
• As afraid as a grasshopper
• As agile as a cat
• As agile as a monkey
• As alert as a bird
• As alone as a leper
• As alone as Crusoe
*3. METAPHOR :* An implied comparison between two unlike things that actually have something
important in common (as if two things were one.)
*EXAMPLES:*
• Life is a dream.
*** *NOTE* : Every SIMILE can be compressed into a METAPHOR, and Every METAPHOR can be
expanded into a SIMILE.
*EXAMPLES:*
• The waves broke on the shore with noise like a thunder. (Simile)
*EXAMPLES:*
*5. OXYMORON :* A figure of speech in which contradictory terms appear side by side or at once of
the same thing.
*EXAMPLES:*
• It is an open secret.
*6. PARADOX :* A statement that appears to contradict itself in the same sentence.
*EXAMPLES :*
“War is peace. Ignorance is strength. Freedom is slavery.” Though we know these things aren’t true,
they present an interesting paradox that makes a person think seriously about what they have just
read or heard.
*7. IRONY :* The use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. It is often used to
poke fun at a situation that everyone else sees as a very serious matter.
*EXAMPLES :*
*EXAMPLES:*
*EXAMPLES:*
*EXAMPLES:*
•“It was as big as a mountain! It was faster than a cheetah! It was dumber than a rock!”
*11. SYNECDOCHE :* A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole
*EXAMPLES :*
*12. ONOMATOPOEIA :* This is the use of a word that actually sounds like what it means.
Onomatopoeia (pronounced ON-a-MAT-a-PEE-a) refers to words (such as bow-wow and hiss ) that
imitate the sounds
*13. PERSONIFICATION :* In Personification, inanimate objects and abstract notions are spoken of as
having life and intelligence.
*EXAMPLES:*
*14. PUN :* A play on words , sometimes on different senses of the same word and sometimes on
the similar sense or sound of different words.
A form of wordplay using similar sounding words.
*EXAMPLES:*
“The wedding was so emotional that even the cake was in tiers (tears).”
“Two silk worms had a race and ended in a tie.” - A “tie” can of course either be when neither party
wins, but in this pun also refers to the piece of clothing usually made from silk.
“Why can a man never starve in the Great Desert? Because he can eat the sand which is there. But
what brought the sandwiches there? Why, Noah sent Ham, and his descendants mustered and
bred.” - There are several separate puns, including the pun on “sand which” and “sandwich,” as well
as “Ham” (a Biblical figure) and “ham” and the homophonic puns on “mustered”/“mustard” and
“bred”/“bread.”
*15. METONYMY :* A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with
which it's closely associated. Metonyms make associations or substitutions.
However, we all understand the meaning, and so the words are interchangeable.
*EXAMPLES:*
The place name "Bollywood," has become a metonym for the Hindi film industry.
Using the word “crown” for “king or queen” or “lab coats” for “scientists”.
“The White House said” doesn’t actually mean the White House said it (a house can’t speak!) but
that the President of America (who lives in The White House) said it.
*16. RHETORICAL QUESTION :* A rhetorical question is a question that is asked not to get an
answer, but instead to emphasize a point. They are often used to elicit thought and understanding
on the part of the listener or reader.
*EXAMPLES :*
Who knew?
Do birds fly?