Management

Support
Systems
Cross-functional Enterprise
Systems
• Cross-functional Enterprise Systems, cross-over
boundaries of traditional business functions, in
order to re-engineer and improve vital business
functions and processes, across the enterprise.
• Instead of focusing on information processing,
such enterprise software focus on integrated
clusters of business processes.

Prof. Nitin Bolinjkar 2

 Enterprise Applications

Application that integrates

Sales, Marketing, Service &
Support, with Strategy,
Process & People, with a
goal of Maximizing
Customer Acquisition,
Relationships, Retention &
Loyalty.

A technology enabled
approach to integrate &
optimize the group of
processes to “source,”
“make,” and “deliver”
products or services.

A multi-module application
software that integrates &
optimizes business
processes across
functional departments

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Enterprise Application
Architecture

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Cross Functional Enterprise
Applications
• ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning):
– Focuses on the effectiveness of the firms internal production,
distribution & financial processes.
• CRM (Customer Relationship Management):
– Focuses on acquiring and retaining profitable customers, via
marketing, sales & service processes.
• SCM (Supply Chain Management):
– Focuses on developing the most efficient sourcing and
procurement processes & strategies.
• KM (Knowledge Management):
– Provides employees, tools that support group collaboration and
decision making.
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Enterprise Application
Integration (EAI)

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Enterprise Application
Integration (EAI)
• Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) is the use of
‘Middleware’ and computer systems architectural
principles, to integrate enterprise computer applications
systems and applications across the enterprise.
• Enterprise application integration is the process of linking
such applications within a single organization, in order to
simplify and automate business processes to the greatest
extent possible, while avoiding having to make sweeping
changes to the existing applications or data structures.
• In the words of the Gartner Group, EAI is the “unrestricted
sharing of data and business processes among any
connected application or data sources in the enterprise.”
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Prof. Nitin Bolinjkar
Enterprise Application
Integration (EAI) - Middleware
• Middleware can be described as "software glue“.
• It is the software that ‘mediates’ between, and
seamlessly integrates application programs.
• Middleware provides data conversion & co-
ordination, application communication & messaging
services, and access to application interfaces.
• Middleware is not a part of an operating system, nor
the database management system, and neither is it
a part the software application, or the user interface.

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Transaction Processing
Systems
• TPS (Transaction Processing Systems), are
cross-functional information systems, that
process data resulting from the occurrence of
business transactions.
• OLTP (Online Transaction Processing Systems)
are real-time systems that process transactions,
as and when they occur. These systems play a
strategic role in e-commerce.

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 Transaction Processing Cycle

-Batch Querying &

(accumulated) ad-hoc
Processing reporting
Capture data
from POS -Real-time
(online) Updated
terminals
processing with day-to-
(barcode
-Fault tolerant day,
scanners,
Processing business
credit card
transaction
readers, etc) Prof. Nitin Bolinjkar 10
s
Enterprise Collaboration
Systems
• Enterprise Collaboration Systems (ECS) are
information systems that enhance,
Communication, Co-ordination, and
Collaboration between members of business
teams, and workgroups.
• Internet technologies assist in communication
ideas, sharing resources and information, and
optimize efforts between members of many
formal and informal groups, projects and
business processes.
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 Enterprise Collaboration
Systems - Tools

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Product Development Process

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Functional Business Systems
– support business processes

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 Functional Business Systems

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Prof. Nitin Bolinjkar
Marketing Information
Systems

Marketing Information
Systems
-Planning, promotion &
sale of existing
products in existing
markets.
-Development of new
products and new
markets.

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Marketing Information
Systems - Functions
Online
Behavior

Community Demographics
Targeted
Marketing
-Customer focused
marketing process

Context Content

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 Sales Force Automation
Systems (SFA)
• Strategic advantage in
sales productivity and
marketing
responsiveness.
• Increases personal
productivity of the sales-
force.
• Speeds up capture and
SFA analysis of sales data.
• Assists marketing and
sales management to
improve delivery of
information and support
to the sales-force. 18
Prof. Nitin Bolinjkar
 Manufacturing Information
Systems
Material Manufacturing
Engineering
Resource Execution
Systems (ES)
Planning (MRP) Systems (MES)
Enterprise Resource

Prodn. Forecasting Shop Floor Computer Aided

Scheduling Design
Planning

Prodn. Scheduling
Shop Floor Control
Computer Aided
Matl. Reqd. Planning Engineering
Machine Control
Capacity Planning Computer Aided
Process Planning
Robotics
Prodn. Cost Control

Quality Control Process Control Prototyping

Computer Integrated Manufacturing

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 Manufacturing Information
Systems
• Manufacturing Information Systems support the production and
operation functions that include all activities concerned with
planning, monitoring and controlling of inventories, purchases and
processes involved in producing goods & services.
• Computer based systems, including web-based e-business tools
and contract manufacturing, has helped companies to move from
the traditional ‘Build-to Stock’ model (based on threshold stock
levels, and push based modeling), to more agile, robust, flexible and
responsive models, such as Build-to-Order (based on forecasting
and pull based modeling), and Just-in-Time models.
• The three main objectives of computer based manufacturing are;
1. Simplify (re-engineer) processes, product designs, organizations, etc.
2. Automate processes and functions, enabled by computers & robotics.
3. Integrate processes and functions using cross-functional software.

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 Manufacturing Information
Systems
• TQM (Total Quality Management) – A comprehensive, organization-wide effort to improve
the quality of products and services using technology as an enabler.
• CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) & CAD (Computer Aided Design) are used to design
better products.
• CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning) are used to design and optimize production
processes.
• MRP (Material Requirement Planning) are used for planning and scheduling raw material
used in production processes.
• Manufacturing Resource Planning integrates MRP with production scheduling and shop-
floor operations.
• CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) automates the production processes by direct
process control, or by machines and robotics.
• MES (Manufacturing Execution Systems) are process monitoring systems that track,
report & adjust the five essential manufacturing components; material, equipment,
personnel, specifications & facilities.
• Process Control Systems use sensors and transducers to monitor and control an ongoing
physical process.
• CNC (Computer Numeric Control) control the action of machines.

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 Human Resources Information
Systems
Training &
Staffing Development Compensation

-Human Resource -Succession

-Contract Costing
Planning Planning
Strategic -Salary
-Labour Force -Performance
Forecasting
Tracking Appraisal

-Labour Cost -Compensation

-Training
Tactical Analysis Effectiveness
-Career Matching
-Turnover Analysis -Benefits analysis

-Recruiting
-Skill Assessment -Payroll Control
Operational -Workforce
-Performance -Benefits
Planning &
Evaluation Administration
Scheduling

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 Human Resources Information
Systems
• The goal of a HRIS is the effective and efficient use of
Human Capital.
• Involves all aspects of the following HR functions;
– Recruitment
– Placement
– Evaluation
– Compensation
– Development
• ESS (Employee Self Service) portals have allowed
companies to process the most of the common HR
functions over the corporate intranet.

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 Accounting Information Systems

Sales TPS
Sales Cash TPS
Accounts Cash
Order Billing Receivables Receipts
Processing

Sales Accounts Cash

Analysis Payables Disbursements

Purchase General
Ledger
TPS
Purchase Payroll
Financial
Reporting
Inventory
Processing Timekeeping Payroll GL &
TPS Reporting
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 Accounting Information
Systems
• AIS record and report the economic business
transactions affecting the organization.
• They can also produce ‘Projected’, ‘Cost Accounting’ and
other budgets & ad-hoc financial reports, to analyze,
measure and compare the organizational economic
performance.
• Online Accounting Systems have transformed the legacy
AIS into a more interactive and open system, where-in
transactions are processed real-time between the
business and its customers, suppliers and other trading
partners.

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 Financial Information Systems
• FIS support management in decisions concerning;
• Business Finance Activities such as;
» Estimation of capital requirements
» Determination of capital composition
» Choice of sources, investments & disposal of funds
» Management of cash & liquidity decisions
» Financial needs and alternate methods of financing
» Financial controls
• Financial forecasting and modeling
• Evaluate and compare the projected financial
performance of a business.

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 Financial Management Systems

• Forecast and • Manage

Manage Cash Short Term
and other
securities
Mgmt.
Cash Mgmt. Investments

Planning
Financial Capital
Budgeting

• Forcast Financial • Evaluate

Performance and risk/returns
needs on capital
expenditures
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Information Security

The End

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