1.

Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah bentuk tense yang paling umum digunakan. Bentuk ini biasanya digunakan untuk menunjukan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian
yang terjadi pada saat ini.

Rumus Kata Sinyal Kalimat Positif Kalimat Negatif Kalimat Tanya

Does he work very hard in the

Subject + Verb 1 (present always, every, never, normally, He always works very hard in He does not work very hard
company?
form) often, sometimes, usually, seldom the company in the company.
Yes, he does. / No, he does not.
Contoh
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Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang berlangsung saat pembicaraan sedang berlangsung atau bisa juga
digunakan untuk rencana di masa depan.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Is he playing computer games at
Subject + am/is/are + Verbat the moment, just now, now, right Look! He is talking with his He is not playing computer
the moment?
-ing (continuous form) now, Listen!, Look! classmates. games now.
Yes, he is. / No, he is not.

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense menekankan pada hasil. Tense ini menunjukkan aksi yang masih sedang berlangsung atau baru saja selesai.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Has he
completed the
Subject +
already, ever, just, arrangement for
has/have+ He has already He has not been
never, not yet, so the coming event
Verb III (past finished his to Australia so
far, till now, up to up to now?
participle homework. far.
now Yes, he has.
form)
/ No, he has
not.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai
di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Biasanya aksi tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi sekarang.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Has he been
Subject +
playing the
HAS/HAVE for the past 5 years,
He has been He has not beencomputer game
+ BEEN + how long …?, the
working here speaking for all day?
Verb -ing whole week, since
since 1996. the last 3 hours. Yes, he has.
(continuous xxxx
/ No, he has
form)
not.

Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
 yesterday, 2 Did he pay the
Subject + minutes ago, in Last year, he He did not go bill yesterday?
Verb II (past 1996, last always worked to school this Yes, he did.
form) Thursday, this into night. morning. / No, he did
morning not.

Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Biasanya ada dua kejadian
di masa lampau dan satu kejadian menginterupsi kejadian yang lain.Kejadian yang sedang diinterupsi tersebut yang menggunakan past continuous tense.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Was he writing
Subject + He was not the letter to his
WAS/WERE when, while, as He was speakingdoing his parents when I
+ Verb -ing long as, at this time when I entered homework at was out last
(continuous yesterday in room. this time Tuesday?
form) yesterday. Yes, he was. /
No, he was not.

Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebuah kejadian yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lampau dan lebih menekankan pada
fakta daripada durasi.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Had he entered
the company
Subject + He had finished before he
before yesterday, He had not
HAD + Verb his designs achieved his
till three days ago, been a high
III (past before he went master degree in
already, until that school student
participle to work 1990?
day until last year.
form) yesterday. Yes, he had.
/ No, he had
not.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense hampir serupa dengan past perfect tense. Digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu dan telah
selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tapi tense ini menekankan pada durasi kejadiannya.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + He was told Had he been
HAD + He said that he that his teacher speaking for the
BEEN + Verb for, since, the had been had been whole class
-ing whole day, all day working here for waiting for him before I entered?
(continuous ten years. since 2 p.m Yes, he had. /
form) yesterday. No, he had not.

Simple Future Tense

Simple Future tense mengindikasikan suatu aksi di masa yang akan datang dan tidak dapat dipengaruhi. Dapat juga digunakan untuk pembuatan keputusan di
masa depan yang spontan atau asumsi yang berhubungan dengan masa yang akan datang. “Will” dan “be going to” merupakan 2 indikator umum pada tenses
ini.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
He will not
Will he go to the
Subject + play computer
in a year, next …, He is going to cinema
“WILL/ BE games anymore
tomorrow, next be journalist tomorrow with
GOING TO” because he
week, five days after he graduate us?
+ Verb understand how
later next year. Yes, he will. /
(present form) harmful they
No, he will not.
are.

Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense menunjukkan aksi yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang dan aksi yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu
dekat.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + He will be
He will not be Will he be playing
“WILL/BE delivering the
doing the task football next morning
GOING TO” tomorrow speech to
in the office in the
+ “BE” + morning, in one undergraduates
this afternoon playground? Yes,
Verb year at 3 p.m
because he is he will./ No, he will
(continuous tomorrow
sick. not.
form) afternoon.

Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense menekankan pada aksi yang akan berakhir pada waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + Will he have
He will not
“WILL He will have finished the task
have finished
HAVE” + by next Monday, in finished the task in a
the given task
Verb II (past a week by next week? Yes,
by tomorrow
participle Monday. he will./ No,
evening.
form) he will not.

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Hampir sama dengan semua jenis perfect continuous tense, future perfect continuous tense merupakan serangkaian aksi yang terjadi sebelum waktu
tertentu di masa yang akan datang.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject +
He will not Will he have been
“WILL He will have
have been doing the research
HAVE for the last couple been taking
doing the task all day
BEEN” + of hours, all day charge of the
for the last long? Yes,
Verb III (past long team for the
couple of he will./ No, he
participle next hour.
hours. will not.
form)

Past Future Tense

Past future tense pada dasarnya digunakan dalam kalimat yang tidak langsung, dimana terdapat perubahan bentuk untuk menyesuaikan dengan rangkaian
peristiwa yang ada.
Signal
Pattern Affirmative Negative Question
Words
He did not
Did you tell him
He said that promise that
Subject + when I would
he would he would
“SHOULD/WOULD” arrive? Yes,
leave in three buy you a
+ Verb (present form) I did. / No, I did
days. new
not.
computer.

Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense menekankan pada serangkaian atau durasi sebuah aksi terjadi. Sebagai tambahan, ini juga biasanya digunakan pada kalimat
tidak langsung.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
I did not tell
Did you say
I made a anyone that I
that you would
Subject + promise that I would be
be working
“SHOULD/WOULD would be doinggiving a speech
hard in the next
BE” + Verb my homework to
week? Yes, I
(continuous form) all day long undergraduates
did / No, I
tomorrow. for the next
did not.
whole morning.

Past Future Perfect Tense

Terdapat 3 waktu dalam past future perfect yang terjadi di masa lalu. Menunjuk pada waktu yang akan datang, waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tetapi aksi
yang terjadi harus sudah selesai sebelum waktu yang akan datang.Dan biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Did you say
He said that
He told the that you would
Subject + he would not
students that have been a
“SHOULD/WOULD have made
they should doctor in three
HAVE BEEN” + such a
have finished years?
Verb III (past mistake if he
the homework Yes, I did
participle form) had taken my
this morning. / No, I did
advice.
not.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense merupakan bentuk tense yang cukup sulit. Namun, kamu dapat mempelajarinya dari past future perfect tense. Bedanya,
past future perfect tense menekankan pada durasi waktu yang sudah berlalu dan hasil.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Would he have
I did not been explaining
I heard that you
Subject + know that he to the workers
should have
“SHOULD/WOULD would have if he had made
been teaching
HAVE BEEN” + been working the information
here for ten
Verb (continuous for the past clear?
years by this
form) three hours by Yes, he would /
July.
that time. No, he would
not.