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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

SUMMARY OF REVISION SHEET

This page is a record of all revisions of the procedure and the following revision (s) has (have) been made to
this procedure.

REV. DATE PAGE DESCRIPTION

00 09 October, 2017 All First issue

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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

Daftar Isi Table of Content

Par. Uraian Par. Description Page

1 Tujuan 1 Purpose 4
2 Ruang Lingkup 2 General 4
3 Persyaratan Keselamatan 3 Safety Requirements 5
4 Referensi 4 References 5
5 Definisi-definisi 5 Definitions 6
6 Kualifikasi dan Tanggung Jawab 6 Qualification and Responsibility 6
7 Perlengkapan 7 Equipment(s) 7
8 Persiapan Permukaan 8 Surface Preparation 7
9 Couplant 9 Couplant 8
10 Instrument Linearity 10 Instrument Linearity 8
11 Kalibrasi Jarak 11 Sweep Range Calibration 9
12 Sensitivity Reference Standard 12 Sensitivity Reference Standard 9
13 Scanning Techniques 13 Scanning Techniques 11
14 Angle Beam ( Scanning Pattern ) 14 Angle Beam ( Scanning Pattern ) 11
15 Sizing 15 Sizing 11
16 Testing Temperature 16 Testing Temperature 11
17 Standard Keberterimaan 17 Acceptance Standard 11
17.1 Klasifikasi indikasi 17.1 Classification of Indication 11
17.2 Standard keberterimaan API 104 17.2 Acceptance Standards API 104 12
17.3 Standard keberterimaan ASME B31.8 17.3 Acceptance Standards ASME B31.8 14
18 Dokumentasi 18 Documentation 15
Ultrasonic Report Ultrasonic Report 16
Figure 21 A of API 1104 – Reference Figure 21 A of API 1104 – Reference 17
Block for Manual UT Block for Manual UT
Figure 21B of API 1104 – Establishing Figure 21B of API 1104 – Establishing 17
Distance Amplitude Correction Distance Amplitude Correction
Figure 21C of API 1104 – Transfer Figure 21C of API 1104 – Transfer 18
Correction Value Procedure Correction Value Procedure
Table A2.1. Alternative Reference Table A2.1. Alternative Reference Block 18
Block untuk Manual UT untuk Manual UT
Table 2. Procedures Recommended for Table 2. Procedures Recommended for 19
Common Weld Configuration Common Weld Configuration
Table. Amplitude Control Linearity Table. Amplitude Control Linearity 20
Calibration Report Calibration Report 21
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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

1 Tujuan 1 Purpose
1.1 Procedure ini sebagai petunjuk dan 1.1 This procedure provides the requirements
standard keberterimaan untuk pengujian and acceptance standards for the manual
ultrasonic kontak manual untuk pengelasan contact ultrasonic examination for
pada pipa production welds on piping.
1.2 Prosedur ini terdiri dari versi Inggris dan 1.2 This procedure consists of English and
Indonesia, jika ada konflik antara Indonesian versions, should there is conflict
keduanya maka versi Inggris yang dipakai between these versions the English version
shall govern.

2 Ruang Lingkup 2 Scope

2.1 Procedure ini cocok untuk sambungan butt 2.1 This procedure is applicable for butt weld
weld, kalau procedure ini digunakan selain joints, should this procedure be applied
sambungan butt weld, harus di other than butt weld joints, it shall be
demostrasikan keakuratan hasilnya demonstrated for accurate results including
termasuk personnel NDE yang melakukan individual NDE performing Ultrasonic
pengujian Utrasonic. Examination.
2.2 Harus hati-hati kalau procedure ini 2.2 Caution is advised when this procedure is
digunakan pada inspeksi lasan yang sudah applied to in-service weld inspection due to
dipakai karena potensi cacat material induk potensial parent material and surface
dan permukaan bisa mengganggu imperfections that can interfere with the use
penggunaan teknik ultrasonic. of the ultrasonic technique.
2.3 Semua permukaan yang diultrasonic harus 2.3 All surfaces to be ultrasonically shall be in
dalam kondisi tidak tertutup coating. Lasan the uncoated condition. Pipe seams shall be
pipa harus digerinda rata dengan ground flush with the pipe surface for the
permukaan pipa dengan jarak yang cukup. distance necessary for ultrasonic scanning.
2.4 Demonstrasi procedure testing 2.4 Demonstration of testing procedure
Sebelum aproval tertulis, company harus Prior the written approval, the company
meminta contractor untuk shall require the contactor to demonstrate
mendemonstrasikan semua yang ada di the application of the procedure and
procedure dan sistem ultrasonic. Laporan ultrasonic systems. A procedure
demonstrasi harus dibuat dan hasilnya demonstration report shall be generated and
didokumentasikan sebelum digunakan the results documented prior to use on the
pada lasan di lapangan. Proses demonstrasi actual field welds. The demonstration
seperti berikut : process shall be as follows :
a. Harus dipersiapkan sample lasan dengan a. Welds containing defects and acceptable
defect dan cacat yang acceptable dari imperfections shall be prepared from actual
material pipa produksi menggunakan production pipe material samples utilizing
welding procedure spesifikasi yang an approved welding procedure
diapprove. Perubahan wall thickness , specification. Change in wall thickness ,
bevel design, acoustic velocity, welding bevel design, acoustic velocity, welding
process, repair welds, dan variable lain process, repair welds, and other variables
yang menyebabkan pengaruh that can have an affect on the detecability
kemmampuan deteksi dan resolusi pada and resolution of the system shall require
sistem harus perlu demonstrasi las additional demonstration welds from other
tambahan dari welding procedure corresponding approved welding procedure.
spesifikasi yang diapprove. Lasan Welder Welder qualification weld may be used.
qualification boleh digunakan

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
b. Radiography harus dibuat dari lasan dan
asilnya didokumentasikan.
c. Ultrasonic testing procedure harus
diaplikasikan, dalam range temperatur, dan
hasilnya didokumentasikan dan di
bandingkan dengan radiography.
d. Perbedaan pada hasil deteksi harus
didokumentasikan (perbedaan pada
detecability dan resolution antara
ultrasonic and radiography dicatat). Jika
diperlukan company, destructive testing
dari sample lasan harus dibuat untuk
menemukan atau konfirmasi method /
technique / system dengan hasilnya.
e. Menggunakan ultrasonic testing procedure
pada lasan produksi harus didasarkan pada
kemampuan dari implementasi ultrasonic
testing :
1. lokasi circumferential
2. ukuran atau panjang
3. menentukan kedalaman dari OD
surface, dan
4. lokasi imperfection / defects axially (
weld cross section ) diperlukan pada
test samples.
3 Persyaratan Keselamatan
3.1 Peraturan safety PT. TERRA SAMUDRA
ENG harus ditaati selama dalam pengujian.
3.2 SAFETY ( S.H.E INSTRUCTION )
Selalu menggunakan PPE such as Safety shoes,
hand glove, safety glass, and helmet.
Waspada tempat yang licin dan benda jatuh
Waspada benda berbahaya sekitar tempat kerja
Berhenti kerja dan lapor ke client an supervisor
untuk tempat kerja yang tidak aman
Pakai alat pengaman ketinggian jika kerja
diatas 2 m
Pungut sampah dan buang ditempat yang
tersedia
Jangan membuang pelumas, oli atau cairan
bekas test ke lantai
4 Referensi
4.1 PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG Written
Practice Procedure
4.2 API 1104, 2013 – 21st Edition, Welding of
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b. Radiographs shall be made of the welds and
the results documented
c. The ultrasonic testing procedure shall be
applied, within the detailed temperature
ranges, and the results documented and
compared with radiographs.
d. Differences in detection results shall be
documented. (differences in detecability
and resolution between ultrasonics and
radiography shall be noted). If required by
company, destructive testing of the weld
sample shall be made to discover or confirm
the method / technique / systems to results.
e. Use the ultrasonic testing procedure on
production welding shall be based on the
capability of the implemented ultrasonic
testing :
1. circumferential locate
2. size or length
3. determine depth from OD surface, and
4. axially ( weld cross section ) locate
required imperfection / defects in the test
samples.
3 Safety Requirements
3.1 PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG’s safety
regulation shall be followed during
examination.
3.2 SAFETY ( S.H.E INSTRUCTION )
Always use PPE such as Safety shoes, hand
glove, safety glass, and helmet.
Watch out for slippery and falling object.
Watch out for the hazard around the areas.
Stop the activities and report to client and
supervisor for unsafe working condition.
Use fall protection equipment if working
above 2 m.
Collect all waste and put it in agreed place.
Do not expose any lubricant, oil or test fluid
to the ground.
4 References
4.1 PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG’s Written
Practice Procedure
4.2 API 1104, 2013 – 21st Edition, Welding of
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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

Pipeline dan Related Facilities.(SNI 13- Pipeline and Related Facilities. (SNI 13-
3472-2002), ERATA-1, 2, 3 dan 3472-2002), ERATA-1, 2, 3 and Addendum
Addendum 2014. 2014.
4.3 ASME BPV Section V, Article 4, 2015 4.3 ASME BPV Section V, Article 4, 2015
Edition Edition
4.4 ANSI B31.8, 2016; Gas Transmission and 4.4 ANSI B31.8, 2016; Gas Transmission and
Distribution Piping Systems Distribution Piping Systems
4.5 ASTM E 164; Standard Practice for 4.5 ASTM E 164; Standard Practice for
Ultrasonic Contact Examination of Ultrasonic Contact Examination of
Weldments, 2013 Edition Weldments, 2013 Edition

5 Definisi–Definisi
5.1 Company : Owner company atau enginnering
agency yang terlibat dalam konstruksi.
Note : company bisa menyerahkannya
kepada seorang inspector atau
representative yang diberi wewenang.
5.2 Contractor : termasuk contractor utama
dan subcontractor yang terlibat dalam
pekerjaan yang dicover di standard ini.
5.3 Primary reference response (level): respon
dari ultrasonic dari refector di blok
kalibrasi pada jarak sound path tertentu,
secara electronic di atur sampai persen
tertentu dari full screen height.
5.4 DAC: Distance Amplitude Correction kurva.
5.5 Probe (Probe): sebuah alat electro acoustic
digunakan untuk meneruskan atau
menerima ultrasonic energy.
5.6 Transducer: sebuah alat electro acoustical
untuk merubah energi listrik ke energi getaran
dan sebaliknya.
Probe atau transducer akan digunakan didalam
prosedur ini dengan pengertian yang sama.
5.7 Kalibrasi: hubungan dari respon sistem
ultrasonic dengan kalibrator.
5.8 Straight beam: sebuah gelombang getaran
pulsa yang berjalan normal (tegak lurus)
dengan permukaan yang di tes.
5.9 Angle beam: terminology dipakai untuk
menyatakan sudut datang atau pembiasan
selain tegak lurus dengan permukaan yang
di tes, hanya beam sudut gelombang shear
yang digunakan dalam prosedur ini.
6 Qualifikasi dan Tanggung Jawab
6.1 Personel yang melakukan pengujian harud
dikualifikasi berdasarkan PT. TERRA
SAMUDRA ENG
5 Definitions
5.1 Company : Owner company or enginnering
agency in charge of construction
Note : a company may act through an
inspector or another authorized
representative.
5.2 Contractor : that which includes the
primary contractor dan subcontractors
enganged in work covered by this standard.
5.3 Primary reference response (level): the
ultrasonic response from the basic calibration
reflector at the specified sound path distance,
electronically adjusted to a specified
percentage of the full screen height.
5.4 DAC: Distance Amplitude Correction curve.
5.5 Search Unit (Probe): an electro acoustic
device used to transmit or receive ultrasonic
energy.
5.6 Transducer: an electro acoustical device for
converting electrical energy into acoustical
energy and vice versa.
Probe or transducer will be used in this
procedure with the same meaning.
5.7 Calibration: correlation of the ultrasonic system
respond(s) with calibration reflector(s)
5.8 Straight beam: a vibrating pulse wave train
travelling normal to the test surface.
5.9 Angle beam: a term used to describe an
angle of incidence or refraction other than
normal to the surface of the test object, only
angle beam shear waves shall be used in this
procedure.
6 Qualification and Responsibility
6.1 Personnel conducting the examination shall
be qualified in accordance with PT.
TERRA SAMUDRA ENG‘s

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
Written Practice Procedure
6.2 Personel yang menentukan keberterimaan
sesuai persyaratan prosedur iniharus level
II atau III
7 Perlengkapan
7.1 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector analog or digital
bisa digunakan, BNC atau Lemo 1 di unit
peralatan.
7.2 Ukuran transduser: maksimum ½” x ½”
(probe sudut) dan 1” (probe normal)
7.3 Tipe probe
a. Straight Beam untuk laminasi :
MB 2-E atau MB 4-E atau setara untuk
ketebalan sampai dengan 1” (25.4 mm) dan
lebih.
MSEB 2-E atau MSEB 4-E untuk ketebalan
sampai 1” (25.4 mm) atau setara.
b. Angle Beam :
a. MWB 450 - 2 MHz sampai 4 MHz atau
setara
b. MWB 600 - 2 MHz sampai 4 MHz atau
setara
c. MWB 700 - 2 MHz samapi 4 MHz atau
setara
c. Probe untuk pengujian harus dipilih sepert
pada Table 2.
7.4 Kalibrasi dan Reference Standard Block
: Block:
a. Calibration Blocks : IIW - V1, V2 or DC
Block.
b. Standard Reference Block - - Figures 21 A,
Figures 21B, Figures 21C harus ada N 10
notch dan side drilled hole seperti yang
ditunjukkan pada Table A2.1 (ASTM – E 164)
7.5 Kabel: MPKL atau setara
8 Persiapan Permukaan
Permukaan dimana transduser ditempatkan
harus bebas dari spatter, scale, karat dan
cat dimana dapat mengganggu transmisi
gelombang ultrasonic.
Permukaaan lasan harus cukup rata untuk
menghindari gangguan terhadap pengujian.
Lasan harus dipersiapkan sesuai yang
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Written Practice Procedure.
6.2 Personnel determining the acceptability to
the requirements of this procedure shall be
Level II or Level III.
7 Equipment(s)
7.1 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector analog or digital
may used, BNC or Lemo 1 connectors
attached in Unit.
7.2 Transducers Size : Maximum 1/2” x 1/2”
(Angle Probe) and 1” (Normal Probe)
7.3 Type of Probe :
a. Straight Beam for lamination :
MB 2-E or MB 4-E or Equivalent for
thickness up to 1” (25.4 mm) and more.
MSEB 2-E or MSEB 4-E for thickness up to
1” (25.4 mm) or Equivalent.
b. Angle Beam :
a. MWB 450 - 2 MHz To 4 MHz or
Equivalent
b. MWB 600 - 2 MHz To 4 MHz or
Equivalent
c. MWB 700 - 2 MHz T0 4 MHz or
Equivalent
c. Probe for examination shall be selected as
shown in Table 2.
7.4 Calibration and Standard Reference
a. Calibration Blocks : IIW - V1, V2 or DC
Block.
b. Standard Reference Block - Figures 21 A,
Figures 21B, Figures 21C shall contain N 10
notches and side drilled hole as shown in
Table A2.1 ( ASTM – E 164 )
7.5 Cables : MPKL or equivalent
8 Surface Preparation
Surface where transducer is placed shall be
free of weld spatter, scale, rust and painting
that might interfere with transmission
ultrasonic waves.
Weld surface shall be adequately smooth to
prevent interferes with the examination. The
weld shall be prepared as needed to permit

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
diperlukan dalam pengujian.
9 Couplant
CMC / Methylant, Light Oil Machine / S.
A. E 40 atau Grease.
10 Instrument Linearity
10.1 Screen Height Linearity
a. Posisikan probe sudut pada basic
calibration block sehingga muncul indikasi
dari dari side drilled hole ½T and ¾T
basic calibration block. Atur posisi dari
probe sehingga perbandingan amplitude
aantara dua indikasi tersebut 2 : 1, yang
mana indikasi yang besar di set 80% full
screen height. Tanpa menggerakkan probe
, dengan menggunakan gain disetting atur
berurutan indikasi yang besar dari 100%
sampai 20% full screen height, dengan
kenaikkan 10% ( atau 2 dB step jika
pengaturan yang lebih kecil tidak ada ),
dan baca indikasi yang kecil.
b. Pembacaan dari indikasi yang kecil harus
50% dari yang amplitud besar, dalam
range 5% full screen height.
c. Seting dan pembacaan harus di estimasi
mendekati 1% of full screen height.
d. Sebagai alternative, bisa menggunakan probe
normal pada basic calibration block yang
bisa memunculkan beda amplitude indikasi,
dengan jarak kedua indikasi yang cukup
untuk menjaga tidak overlapping.
10.2 Amplitude Control Linearity (Lihat
Table Amplitude Control Linearity)
a. Ultrasonic instrument harus mempunyai
amplitude control yang akurat dalam range
±20% dari perbandingan nominal
amplitude, untuk memungkinkan
pengukuran indikasi diluar linear range
dari vertical display pada screen.
b. Posisikan probe sudut pada basic
calibration block sehingga muncul indikasi
tertinggi pada screen dari side drilled hole
½T. Dengan menaikkan dan menurukkan
attenuasi kontrol yang tertera pada Table “
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examination.
9 Couplant
CMC / Methylant, Light Oil Machine / S. A.
E 40 or Grease.
10 Instrument Linearity
10.1 Screen Height Linearity
a. Position an angle beam search on the basic
calibration block until so that indications
can be observed from both the ½T and ¾T
side drilled holes in a basic calibration
block. Adjust the search unit position to
give a 2 : 1 ration of amplitudes between the
two indications, with the larger set 80% of
full screen height. Without moving the
search unit, adjust sensitivity (gain) to
successively set the larger indication from
100% to 20% of full screen height, in 10%
increments (or 2dB steps if a fine control is
not available), and read the smaller
indication at each setting.
b. The reading of the smaller indication shall
be 50% of the larger amplitude, within 5%
of full screen height.
c. The settings and readings must be estimated
to the nearest 1% of full screen height.
d. Alternatively, straight beam search unit may
be used on any basic calibration block
which will provide amplitude differences,
with sufficient indication separation to
prevent overlapping of the two indications.
10.2 Amplitude Control Linearity (See Table
Amplitude Control Linearity)
a. The ultrasonic instrument shall utilize an
amplitude control accurate over its useful
range ±20% of the nominal amplitude ratio,
to allow measurement of indications beyond
the linear range of the vertical display on
the screen.
b. Position an angle beam search unit so that
the indication from ½T hole in a basic
calibration block is peaked on the screen.
With the increases and decreases in
attenuation control shown in The Table “

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
Amplitude Control Linearity ” indikasi
harus dalam batas range yang sudah
ditentikan.
c. Reflector lainnya yang cocok bisa
digunakan dengan probe sudut ataupun
probe normal.
10.3 Jangka waktu Kalibrasi 10.3
Kalibrasi screen height linearity dan
amplitude control linearity harus
dilaksanakan pada interval waktu tidak
lebih dari 3 bulan untuk type analog dan
satu tahun untuk type digital atau pada
setiap pemakaian awal setelahnya.
11 Kalibrasi Jarak
Penentuan range dengan menggunakan
blok IIW V1 dan V2 untuk menentukan
range sound path actual 2 leg +
reinforcement specimen. Pengaturan sweep
length dan sweep delay untuk
mendapatkan lokasi pulsa secara tepat
pada garis dasar dari screen
12 Sensitivity Reference Standard
12.1 Straight Beam
Pengujian denagn probe normal harus
dilaksanakan pada material induk harus
dengan second backwall echo dari reference
standard ( lihat Figure 21A ) diatur pada
minimum 80% full screen height.
12.2 Angle Beam Koreksi Jarak-Amplitudo ( 12.2
DAC ) :
a. Posisi dari probe ( lihat Fig. 21B ) untuk a.
respon maksimum :
- dari notch sisi dalam dari block
b. Atur sensitivity untuk menghasilkan
indikasi 80% ( 5% tinggi full screen )
Tandai ujung indikasi pada screen. Catat
dB nya.
c. Atur sensitivity control untuk c.
menghasilkan indikasi 40% dari tinggi full
screen atau 50% DAC (5%), dengan
mengurangi 6 dB dari referensi level.
Tandai ujung indikasi pada screen
d. Atur sensitivity control untuk d.
menghasilkan indikasi 16% dari tinggi full
screen atau 20% DAC (5%), dengan
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Amplitude Control Linearity ” , the
indication must fall within the specified
limits.
c. Other convenient reflectors from any
calibration block may be used with angle or
straight beam search units.
Frequency of Calibration
The calibration of screen height and
amplitude linearity shall be performed at
intervals time not exceed 3 months for
analog type instruments and one year for
digital type instruments, or prior to first use
thereafter.
11 Sweep Range Calibration
Determine Range with use IIW V1 and V2
Block to a designated range of Actual Sound
Path 2 Legs + Reinforcement of Test
Specimen. Adjust Sweep Length and Sweep
Delay to obtain an exact pulse location on
base line of screen.
12 Sensitivity Reference Standard
12.1 Straight Beam :
The compression wave testing of parent
material shall be performed with the second
backwall echo from the reference standard (
see figure 21A ) adjusted to at least 80% of
full screen height.
Angle Beam Distance-Amplitude
Correction( DAC ) :
Position the search unit ( see Fig. 21B ) for
maximum response :
- from inside notch of block
b. Adjust the sensitivity control to provide 80%
( 5% of full screen height )
Mark the peak of the indication on the
screen. Record the dB
Adjusting the sensitivity control to provide 40%
of full screen height or 50 % DAC (5%) , by
reducing 6 dB from the reference level.
Mark the peak of the indications on the
screen.
Adjusting the sensitivity control to provide
16% of full screen height or 20 % DAC
(5%), by reducing 14 dB from the

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
mengurangi 14 dB dari referensi level.
Tandai ujung indikasi pada screen
e. Tanpa merubah pengaturan Control Range,
Atur sensitivity control terhadap referensi
level, maka posisikan dari probe adalah
maksimum respon notch sisi luar dari
block ( full skip )
f. Ulangi langkah ( b ) , ( c ) dan ( d ) diatas.
g. Tanpa merubah pengaturan Control Range,
Atur sensitivity control terhadap referensi
level, maka posisikan dari probe adalah
maksimum respon notch sisi dalam dari
block ( full dan setengah skip )
h. Ulangi langkah ( b ) , ( c ) dan ( d ) diatas.
i. Hubungkan tanda–tanda di screen untuk
menghasilkan distance amplitude curve
(DAC).
j. Point tertinggi dari DAC / TCG tidak
boleh kurang dari 80% full screen height.
Reference standard juga digunakan untuk
menentukan velocity dari sound beam,
sudut probe, dan jarak sound path dalam
material pipa yang diinspeksi. Velocity
dari sound beam, dan sudut probe harus
ditentukan jika lasan pada pipa yang beda
specifikasi kimianya, wall thickness,
diameter, atau dari lebih dari satu pabrik
pembuat pipa dan rolling atau prosesnya
yang diinspeksi. Hal ini bisa dilakukan
dengan menggunakan dua probe yang ber
–hadap2 an ( lihat Figure 21 C ). Jika ada
perbedaan pada velocity, sudut, jarak
sound path , maka reference standard harus
dibuat dari material pipa yang berbeda.
k. Semua probe harus ditetapkan sedikitnya
80% full screen height (FSH) dari notch
dalam (sensitivity level) + dB transfer nilai
koreksi = reference level.
l. Pengujian lasan dengan ultrasonic manual
harus dilakukan dengan sensitivity
scanning 100% DAC (100 % reference
level) ditambah minimum 6 dB.
m. Semua indikasi yang melebihi 50% DAC
harus dievaluasi.
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reference level.
Mark the peak of the indications on the
screen.
e. Without changing the Range Control
adjustment, adjusting the sensitivity control
to the reference level, then position the
search unit for maximum response from
outside notch of block ( full skip )
f. Repeat the step ( b ) , ( c ) and ( d ) above.
g. Without changing the Range Control
adjustment, adjusting the sensitivity control
to the reference level, then position the
search unit for maximum response from
inside notch of block ( full and half skip )
h. Repeat the step ( b ) , ( c ) and ( d ) above.
i. Connect the screen marks to provide the
distance amplitude (DAC) curve.
j. The higest point of the DAC / TCG shall not
be less than 80% of full screen height. The
reference standard shall also be used to
determine the actual sound beam velocity,
refracted angle and sound path distance in
the pipe material to be inspected. Unkonown
velocity and refracted angle shall be
determined when welds in pipe of different
chemistry specifications, wall thickness,
diameter or from more than one pipe and
rolling or piercing manufacturer are to be
inspected. This may be accomplished by
using two probes directed toward one
another. ( see Figure 21 C ). When a
difference is noted in velocity, angle, sound
path distance, another reference standard
shall be made from the different pipe
material.
k. All search unit shall be established at least
80% of Full Screen Height (FSH) of inside
notch (Sensitivity Level) + dB Transfer
Correction Value = Reference level.
l. Manual Ultrasonic weld testing shall be
performed at a scanning sensitivity of 100%
DAC (100% Reference Level) plus 6 dB
minimum.
m. All indications that exceed 50% of DAC
shall be evaluated.

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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
13 Teknik Scanning
Scaning harus cukup untuk melakukan
cakupan 100% pada sensitivitas
pemeriksaan yang merata pada area uji.
14 Angle Beam (Scanning Pattern ) :
14.1 Gerakan pola scanning untuk mendeteksi
diskontinuitas longitudinal adalah dari 2
sisi permukaan daerah las dan juga dari
permukaan dalam jika bisa diakses, harus
sejajar dengan sumbu las dan rotasi
maksimum sudut 10 derajat dari garis
normal probe ke sumbu pengelasan
diperbolehkan
14.2 Pola rotasi sudut probe maksimum 15
derajat untuk menemukan diskontinuitas
melintang
14.3 Overlap scanning probe maksimum 10 %,
rata rata kecepatan scanning probe
maksimum 150 mm/second.
15 Sizing
15.1 Kedalaman: 2T - (SP x Cosine Used
Angle of Probe), harus 2 Legs.
15.2 Jarak indeks probe ke indikasi:
SP x Sine Used Angle of Probe
15.3 Panjang: 6 dB Amplitude drops
16 Testing Temperature
Temperature ruangan maksimum sampai
1250C
17 Standard Keberterimaan
Umum
Semua indikasi yang melebihi 50% DAC
harus dievaluasi.
17.1 Klasifikasi indikasi
17.1.1 Indikasi yang dihasilkan oleh pengujian 17.1.1
ultrasonik belum tentu defect. Perubahan
geometri lasan karena alignment offset
ujung pipa berbatasan, perubahan dalam
profil penguatan pengelasan dari root
IDdan O.D. capping, chamfering internal,
dan gelombang konversi mode ultrasonik
karena kondisi tersebut dapat menyebabkan
indikasi geometris yang mirip dengan yang
disebabkan oleh ketidaksempurnaan lasan
tetapi yang tidak relevan dengan penerimaan
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13 Scanning Techniques
The scanning shall be adequate to provide
100% coverage at uniform examination
sensitivity of area being examined.
14 Angle Beam ( Scanning Pattern ) :
14.1 Scanning pattern movement to detect
longitudinal discontinuities is from 2 surface
sides of weld area and also from inside
surface if accessible, it shall be parallel to
the centreline of weld and rotation angle
maximum 10 degrees from normal line of
probe to centreline of weld is permitted.
14.2 Rotation angle probe pattern is maximum 15
degrees to locate transverse
discontinuities.
14.3 Scanning probe overlap is minimum 10%,
the scanning rate of probe is maximum 150
mm / second.
15 Sizing
15.1 Depth : 2T - (SP x Cosine Used Angle of
Probe) , shall be 2 Legs.
15.2 Distance of Probe Index to Indication :
SP x Sine Used Angle of Probe
15.3 Length : 6 dB Amplitude drops.
16 Testing Temperature
Ambient temperature up to 1250 C max.
17 Acceptance Standard
General.
All indications that exceed 50% of DAC
shall be evaluated.
17.1 Classification of Indication
Indications produced by ultrasonic testing
are not necessarily defects. Change in the
weld geometry due to alignment offset of
abutting pipe ends, changes in weld
reinforcement profile of I.D. root and O.D.
capping passes, internal chamfering, and
ultrasonic wave mode conversion due to
such conditions may cause geometric
indications that are similar to those cause by
weld imperfections but that are not relevant
to acceptability.

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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
17.1.2 Indikasi linier didefinisikan sebagai 17.1.2
indikasi dengan ukuran terbesar dalam
arah panjang lasan. Tipikal indikasi linier
dapat disebabkan oleh, tetapi tidak terbatas
pada jenis berikut ketidaksempurnaan;
kurang penetrasi tanpa high-low ( IP ),
kurang penetrasi karena high low ( IPD ),
inadequate cross penetration ( ICP ),
incomplete fusion ( IF ), incomplete fusion
due to cold lap ( IFD ), elongated slag
inclusion (ESI), cracks (C), undercutting
adjacent to the over pass ( EU ) or root pass (
IU ), and hollow bead porosity ( HB )
17.1.3 Indikasi Transverse didefinisikan sebagai 17.1.3
indikasi dengan ukuran terbesar di
las.indikasi melintang Tipikal dapat
disebabkan oleh, tetapi tidak terbatas,
untuk jenis berikut ketidaksempurnaan:
cracks ( C ), isolated slag, inclusions ( ISI
), and incomplete fusion due to cold lap
(IFD) at start/stops in the weld passes.
17.1.4 indikasi volumetrik didefinisikan sebagai 17.1.4
indikasi tiga-dimensi. indikasi tersebut dapat
disebabkan oleh satu atau beberapa inklusi
atau pori-pori. Rongga terisi sebagian, pori-
pori, start/stop di pass lasan mungkin
disebabkan indikasi yang lebih besar dalam
arah melintang dibandingkan dari arah
panjang lasan. Tipikal indikasi volumetrik
dapat disebabkan oleh, tetapi tidak terbatas
pada jenis berikut ketidaksempurnaan:
internal concavity ( IC ), burn-through ( BT
), isolated slag inclusion ( ISI ), porosity ( P
), and cluster porosity ( CP ).
17.1.5 Indikasi yang relevan adalah yang 17.1.5
disebabkan oleh cacat. Indikasi relevan
harus dievaluasi pada tingkat evaluasi dan
dengan standar keberterimaan.
Catatan: bila ada keraguan tentang jenis
ketidaksempurnaan yang diungkapkan oleh
indikasi, verifikasi dapat diperoleh dengan
menggunakan metode pengujian non-destruktif
lain.
17.2 Standard keberterimaan API 1104 17.2
17.2.1 Indikasi harus dianggap defect bila 17.2.1
beberapa kondisi berikut ada:
a. Indikasi yang dipastikan crack (C), burn- a.
through ( BT ), kurang penetrasi tanpa
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Linear indications are defined as indications
with their greatest dimension in the weld
length direction. Typical linear indications
may be caused by, but are not limited to the
following types of imperfection; inadequate
penetration without high-low ( IP ),
inadequate penetration due to high low (
IPD ), inadequate cross penetration ( ICP ),
incomplete fusion ( IF ), incomplete fusion
due to cold lap ( IFD ), elongated slag
inclusion (ESI), cracks (C), undercutting
adjacent to the over pass ( EU ) or root pass
( IU ), and hollow bead porosity ( HB ).
Transverse indications are defined as
indications with their greatest dimension
across the weld. Typical transverse
indications may be caused by, but are not
limited, to the following types of
imperfections: cracks ( C ), isolated slag,
inclusions ( ISI ), and incomplete fusion due to
cold lap ( IFD ) at start/stops in the weld passes.
Volumetric indications are defined as three-
dimensional indications. Such indications
may be caused by single or multiple
inclusions void or pores. Partially filled
voids, pores, at start/stops in weld pass may
caused larger indications in the transverse
direction than in the weld length direction.
Typical volumetric indications may be
caused by, but are not limited to the
following types of imperfections: internal
concavity (IC), burn-through ( BT ), isolated
slag inclusion ( ISI ), porosity ( P ), and cluster
porosity ( CP ).
Relevant indications are those caused by
imperfections. Relevant indications shall be
evaluated at the evaluation level and to the
the acceptance standards.
Note: when doubt exist about the type of
imperfection being disclosed by an
indication, verification may be obtained by
using other non-destructive testing methods.
Acceptance Standards API 1104
Indications shall be considered defects
should any of the following conditions exist:
Indications determined to be cracks (C),
burn-through ( BT ), inadequate penetration

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
high-low ( IP ), kurang penetrasi karena
high low ( IPD ),
b. Indikasi individu dengan dimensi
ketinggian vertikal (through-wall)
ditentukan lebih besar dari seperempat
dari ketebalan dinding
c. Indikasi lebih dari satu dilokasi circum
yang sama dengan jumlah ukuran vertikal
(through – wall) melebihi seperempat dari
ketebalan dinding
17.2.2 Indikasi linear surface (LS) (selain crack)
diinterpret terbuka di permukaan LD. atau
O.D. harus dianggap defect bila beberapa
kondisi ada:
a. Panjang agregat indikasi LS dalam
setiap 12 in (300 mm) kontinu
panjang lasan melebihi 1 in (25 mm).
b. Panjang aggregate indikasi LS
melebihi 8% panjang lasan.
17.2.3 Linear didalam (LB) indikasi (selain retak)
ditafsirkan bawah permukaan dalam las
dan tidak LD. atau O.D. permukaan
dihubungkan harus dianggap cacat bila
salah satu kondisi berikut ada:
a. Panjang agregat indikasi LB dalam
setiap 12 in (300) kontinu panjang
lasan melebihi 2 in (50 mm)
b. Panjang agregat indikasi LB melebihi
8 % panjang lasan.
17.2.4 Indikasi melintang (T) (selain retak) harus
dipertimbangkan volumetrik dan
dievaluasi menggunakan kriteria untuk
indikasi volumetrik. Huruf T harus
digunakan untuk ditunjuk semua laporan
indikasi melintang.
17.2.5 Volumetric cluster (VC) indications harus
dianggap defects jika maximum dimensi
dari VC indications melebihi ½ in. ( 13
mm )
17.2.6 Indikasi Volumetrik Individu (VI) harus
dipertimbangkan sebagai defect jika
ukuran maksimum V1 indikasi melebihi 1 /
8 inci (3 mm)
17.2.7 Indikasi Volumetric root (VR) diinterpret
terbuka sampai I.D. permukaan harus
dipertimbangkan sebagai defect bila
kondisi berikut ada:
a. Dimensi maksimum indikasi VR
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without high-low ( IP ), inadequate
penetration due to high low ( IPD ),
b. Individual indications with vertical height
(through – wall) dimension determined to be
greater than one quarter of the wall
thickness.
c. Multiple idndications at the same
circumferential location with a summed
vertical height (through – wall) dimension
exceeding one quater the wall thickness.
17.2.2 Linear surface (LS) indications ( other than
cracks ) interpreted to be open to the LD. or
O.D. surface shall be considered defects
should any of the following conditions exist:
a. The aggregate length of LS indications
in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm)
length of weld exceeds 1 in. ( 25 mm ).
b. The aggregate length of LS Indications
exceeds 8% of the weld length.
17.2.3 Linear buried ( LB ) indications ( other than
cracks ) interpreted to be subsurface within
the weld and not LD. or O.D. surface
connected shall be considered defects should
any of the following conditions exist:
a. The aggregate length of LB indications
in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm)
length of weld exceeds 2 in. (50 mm).
b. The aggregate length of LB indications
exceeds 8 % of the weld length.
17.2.4 Transverse (T) indications (other than
cracks) shall be considered volumetric and
evaluated using the criteria for volumetric
indications. The letter T shall be used to
designated all reported transverse
indications.
17.2.5 Volumetric cluster (VC) indications shall be
considered defects when the maximum
dimension of VC indications exceeds ½ in. (
13 mm )
17.2.6 Volumetric Individual ( VI ) indications
shall be considered defects when the
maximum dimension of V1 indications
exceeds 1/8 in. (3 mm).
17.2.7 Volumetric root (VR) indications interpreted
to be open to the I.D. surface shall be
considered defects should any of the
following conditions exist:
a. The maximum dimension of VR

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
melebihi ¼ in (6 mm) atau nominal
tebal dinding, mana yang terkecil
b. Panjang total indikasi VR melebihi ½ in
(13 mm) dalam panjang kontinu 12 in
(300 mm)
17.2.8 Penjumlahan
Setiap akumulasi indikasi relevan (AR)
harus dianggap sebagai defect ketika salah
satu kondisi berikut ada:
a. Jumlah Panjang indikasi diatas
evaluation level melebihi 2 in (50 mm)
pada setiap panjang 12 inci (300 mm)
lasan
b. Jumlah Panjang indikasi diatas
evaluation level melebihi 8% panjang
lasan
17.2.9 Cacat – cacat Base Material
Cacat – cacat didalam base material yang
terdeteksi oleh ultrasonic testing harus di
laporkan ke company. Keputusan dari
cacat – cacat tersebut harus dapat petunjuk
dari company.
17.3 Acceptance Standards ASME / ANSI B31.8
diambil dari ASME BPV Code Section VIII
Division.1, Appendix 12 Para 12.3
Ketidak sempurnaan yang menghasilkan
respon lebih besar dari 20% dari batas
refernsi harus di investigasi lagi agar
operator dapat memeriksa bentuk, identitas
dan lokasi dari semua ketidak sempurnaan
dan mengevaluasi sesuai dengan standar
penerimaan di dalam (a) dan (b) berikut ini
17.3.1 Indikasi dengan karakteristis sebagai retak, 17.3.1
kurang fusi atau penetrasi yang tidak
lengkap tidak dapat di terima terlepas dari
panjang nya.
17.3.2 Ketidak sempurnaan lainnya tidak dapat di 17.3.2
terima jika indikasi melebihi amplitude
referensi dan memiliki panjang yang
melebihi:
a. 6 mm (1/4 in.) untuk t hingga 19mm (3/4
in.),
b. 1/3t untuk t 19 mm (3/4 in.) hingga 57 mm
(2¼ in.) inclusive.
c. 19 mm untuk t lebih dari 57mm (2¼ in)
dimana t = ketebalan dari las tidak
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indications exceeds ¼ in ( 6 mm ) or the
nominal wall thickness, whichever is less.
b. The total length of VR indications
exceeds ½ in. ( 13 mm ) in any
continuous 12 in. ( 300 mm ) length.
17.2.8 Accumulation
Any accumulation of relevant indications (
AR ) shall be considered a defect when any
of the following conditions exist:
a. The aggregate length of indication
above evaluation level exceeds 2 in. (50
mm) in any 12 in. (300 mm) length of
weld.
b. The aggregate length of indications
above evaluation level exceeds 8% of
the weld length.
17.2.9 Base Metal Imperfection
Impefection in the base material detected by
ultrasonic testing shall be reported to the
company. The disposition of these
imperfectins shall be as directed by the
company
17.3 Acceptance Standards ASME / ANSI
B31.8 taken from ASME BPV Code
Section VIII Division.1, Appendix 12 Para
12.3
Imperfections which produce a response
greater than 20% of the reference level shall
be investigated to the extent that the
operator can examine the shape, identity and
location of all such imperfections and
evaluate them in terms of acceptance
standards given in (a) and (b) below.
Indications characterized as cracks, lack of
fusion or incomplete penetration are
unacceptable regardless of the length
Other imperfections are not acceptable if the
indications exceed the reference level
amplitude and have lengths which exceed:
a. 6 mm (1/4 in.) for t up to 19 mm (3/4 in.),
b. 1/3t for t from 19 mm (3/4 in.) to 57 mm
(2¼ in.) inclusive,
c. 19 mm (3/4 in.) for t over 57 mm (2¼ in).
where t = the thickness of the weld

PT. TERRA SAMUDRA ENG
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8
termasuk reinforcement yang di ijinkan.
Untuk sambungan las butt weld dua item
dengan memiliki ketebalan yang berbeda
pada lasan, t adalah ketebalan yang lebih
tipis dari kedua ketebelan. Jika pengelasan
dengan penetrasi penuh termasuk lasan fillet,
ketebalan throat dari fillet harus masukan di t.
18 Dokumentasi
a. Hasil Pengujian Ultrasonic harus ditulis
dalam Ultrasonic Examination Report.
Semua indikasi yang di observasi (
evaluation level dan melebihi ) harus
dilaporkan.
b. Ultrasonic testing report lasan yang
diinspeksi harus termasuk weld number,
datum location, length, depth, dari OD
surface, dan defect clasification ( linear, or
volumetric ) dari semua indication.
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excluding any allowable reinforcement. For
a butt weld joining two members having
different thicknesses at the weld, t is the
thinner of the two thicknesses. If a full
penetration weld includes a fillet weld, the
thickness of the throat of the fillet shall be
included in t.
18 Documentation
a. Ultrasonic Test result shall be reported in
the form of Ultrasonic Examination Report.
All observed indications ( evaluation level
and above ) shall be reported
b. The ultrasonic testing report of inspected
welds shall include the weld number, datum
location, length, depth, from the OD surface,
and defects clasification ( linear, or
volumetric ) of all reported indications
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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION REPORT

Job/Contract No. : Work Order No. : Report No. :
Project :
Location : Drawing No. :
Customer :
UT Equipment : Serial No. :
Surface Condition : Welded Ground Flush Other ( )
Couplant : Oil CMC Other ( )
Calibration Block : BCB IIW V1 Other ( )
Face of Examination : Face A Face B Face C ( )
Welding Process : GTAW SMAW Other ( )
Test Range : Procedure No. :
Scanning Technique :
Probe Identification : Applicable Code :

Desibels Record of Discontinuity Result

Discontinuity Type
Transfer of Losses

Screen Height, %

Angular Distance

Surface Distance
Reference Level
Scanning Level
Probe Angle

Length (mm)
Frequency

Accepted

Rejected
Identification Remark

Discontinuity Type : Cr = crack IF = Incomplete Fusion IP = Incomplete Penetration EL = Elongated Ind.

Sketch

Examined by : Reviewed / witnessed by : Reviewed / witnessed by :

Name :
NDE Level :
Date : Date : Date :
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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

Dimensions :
T : Nominal Pipe wall thickness
N : Notch depth = 10% of notch depth
A : 2 in. (50 mm) minimum length
B : 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) maximum notch widh
C : 11.35 T plus 2 in. (50 mm) minimum width
D : 3.1 in. (80 mm) minimum width
E : 1. in. (25 mm) minimum notch length
R1 : Out side radius of pipe
R2 : Radius of inside notch = R1 minus 0.9 T
R3 : Radius of outside notch R1 minus 0.10 T

Figure 21 A of API 1104 – Reference Block for Manual UT

Position the trnsducers in line with the outside notch at double the distance used pick up the inside notch ( position B ).
Verify that the outside notch echo peak is at or near zero depth reading. This establish that the refracted angle and
velocity settings are sufficiently accurate.

Figure 21B of API 1104 – Establishing Distance Amplitude Correction

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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

Using the two transducers of equal angle and frequency, one transmitting and the other reveiving, maximize ( peak up )
the echo receiving. Measure the surface distance between the transducer exit points. Half the surface distance divided by
measured wall thickness equals the refracted angle tangent. Without changing instrument setting, repeat this process on
pipe with unknown velocity, refracted angle, and attenuation to determine any ndifferences.

Figure 21C of API 1104 – Transfer Correction Value Procedure

Thickness ( T ) Hole Diameter

mm mm
Up nto 25.4 mm 2.40 A
Over 25,5 through 50.8 3.20 B
Over 50.8 through 101.6 4.80
Over 101.6 through 152.4 6.40
Over 152.4 through 203.2 7.90
Note :
1. For each additional 50.8 mmof the thickness add 1.60 mm to the hole diameter.
A. The 2.40 mm diameter hole shall be drilled to a depth of 38.1 mmminimum and located
at T/2
B. The 3.20 mm df 50.80 mm minimum and located at T/4iameter and larger holes shall be
drilled to a depth
Table A2.1. Hole Diameters of ASTM E 164
( Alternative Reference Block for Manual UT )
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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

Table 2. Procedures Recommended for Common Weld Configuration

Weld throat Thickness, in. [mm]
1/ to 1-1/2 in
Less than ½ in 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 in 2-1/2 to 5 in 5 to 8 in
Weld Type ( 12 to 38 mm )
( 12 mm ) ( 38 to 63 mm ) ( 63 to 127 mm ) ( 127 to 200 mm )

Primary Top 1/4 Primary Top 1/4 Primary Top 1/4 Primary Top 1/4 Primary Top 1/4
Butt
70,60, or
Recommended angle, deg 70 70 70 or 60 45 or 60 45 or 60 60 or 45 45 or 60 60 or 45 45
45
1, ( 2 or 3 ), 1, ( 2 or 3 ),
Suggested technique A 1, ( 2 or 3 ) 1 1, ( 2 or 3 ) 1 1, ( 2 or 3 ) 1 1
4 1
4
Tee
B
Face A
70,60, or
Recommended angle, deg 70 70 or 60 60 or 45 45
45
Suggested technique 5 5 5 5,4 5,4
B
Face B
70,60, or
Recommended angle, deg 70 70 or 60 60 or 45 45
45
Suggested technique 5 5 5 5,4 5,4
B
Face C
0, ( 70 or
Recommended angle, deg 0, 70 0, 45 0, 45 0, 45
45)
Suggested technique 6,7 6,7 6,7 6,7 6,7

Corner
C
Face A
70 or 60,
Recommended angle, deg 70 70 or 60 60 or 45 45
45
Suggested technique 8 8 8 8 8
C
Face B
70 or 60,
Recommended angle, deg 70 70 or 60 60 or 45 45
45
Suggested technique 8 8 8 8 8
D
Face C
Recommended angle, deg 0 0 0 0 0
Suggested technique 9 9 9 9 9
Double Fillet Corner
Weld
D
Face A
Recommended angle, deg 45 45 45 45 45
Suggested technique 10, 11 10, 11 10, 11 10, 11 10, 11
D
Face B
Recommended angle, deg 45 45 45 45 45
Suggested technique 10, 11 10, 11 10, 11 10, 11 10, 11

Note : A ~ D see Figure 1 ~ Figure 11 of ASTM E 164

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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

Table
Amplitude Control Linearity

Indication Set at % of Full dB control Change Indication Limits % of Full

Screen Screen

80% - 6 dB 32 to 48%

80% - 12 dB 16 to 24

40% +6 dB 64 to 96%

20% +12 dB 64 to 96%

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ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE API 1104 / ANSI B31.8

UT INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION RECORD

MANUFACTURER :

MODEL :

SERIAL NO. :

TRANSDUCER NO. :

PROCEDURE NO. :

SCREEN HEIGHT LINEARITY

100 % FSH % FSH 51 % FSH % FSH

88 % FSH % FSH 40 % FSH % FSH

81 % FSH % FSH 30 % FSH % FSH

70 % FSH % FSH 20 % FSH % FSH

62 % FSH % FSH

Tolerance : + 5% of FSH

Result :

AMPLITUDE CONTROL LINEARITY

80% FSH - 6 dB ( 32 - 48 )%

80% FSH - 12 dB ( 16 - 24 )%

40% FSH + 6 dB ( 64 - 96 )%

20% FSH + 12 dB ( 64 - 96 )%

Result :