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The
maximum superelevation rate is 12%.
Solution
=
127( + )
From ERA Geometric Design Manual
Friction coefficient for 100 km/hr --- 0.12
Friction coefficient for 120 km/hr --- 0.10
Using interpolation
Friction coefficient for 110 km/hr --- 0.11
110
= = 414.24 ~
127(0.12 + 0.11)
2. A 2-lane 7.3 m wide single carriageway road has a curve radius of 600m with deflection
angle of 60. The minimum sight stopping distance required is 160m. Calculate the required
distance to be kept clear of obstructions in meters.
Solution
Length of the curve = R/180 = 628.32 m
Lane width = p = 7.3/2 = 3.65 m
When S<L
∆ .
= − − = − − = .
∆ ( ) ∆
When S > L, use = − − +
3. A two-lane highway (one 3.6 m lane in each direction) goes from normal crown with 2%
cross-slopes to 10% superelevation by means of a spiral transition curve. Determine the
minimum length of the transition if the difference in grade between the centerline and edge
of traveled way is limited to 1/200. Round up to the next largest 20 m interval.
Draw the superelevation diagram for the transition described in part a. The station of the TS
is 160 + 00.
Solution
Solution
= − + = 59.966
40 40
= − + = 1.499
6 336 42240
Determine p, k, , T’ and Lc :
= − (1 − ) = 1.499 − 400[1 − cos(0.075)] = 0.375
= − = 59.996 − 400 sin(0.075) = 30.024
∆ = (90° − 75°) + (90° − 78°) = 27° = 0.471
∆
= ( + ) tan = 96.122
2
= ∆ − = 400(0.471) − 60 = 128.4
Determine stations of critical points:
TS station = P.I. Station – (T’ + k) = 148 + 73.9
SC Station = TS station + Ls = 149 + 33.9
CS station = SC station + Lc = 150 + 62.3
ST Station = CS Station + Ls = 151 + 22.3
5. Compute the minimum length of vertical curve that will provide 190 m stopping sight
distance for a design speed of 100 km/h at the intersection of a +2.60% grade and a -2.40%
grade.
Solution
The height of the driver eye = h1 = 1.07 m
The height of the object for sight distance = h2 = 0.15 m, for passing sight distance h2 = 1.3
m
(√ √ ) (√ . √ . )
Assume S>L , =2 − = 2 190 − . ( . )
= . ---- this
implies the assumption is wrong
Solution
The height of the head light above the ground = H = 0.75 m
The angle of the head light from the horizontal = = 1
( ) ( . )
Assume S>L , =2 − = 2 220 − . .
= 291.93m---- this
implies the assumption is wrong
.
Calculate Lmin for S < L , = = = .
( ) ( . )
Solution
= ℎ = + + ------- 1
( − )
=
To find the highest point on the curve, derivate equation 1 with respect to x
− 0.06
= + =0→ = =− = 0.666
(−0.03 − 0.06)/
Chainage of highest point= 150 + 70 = Chainage of BVC + 0.67L = 150 + 00 -0.5L +0.66L = 150 +
0.17L 0.17L = 70
L = 70/0.17 = 412 m
Elev. of the highest pt(x = 0.66L = 271.92) = Elev. BVC + 0.06x271.92 + (-0.09x271.922/(2x412))
= 31.52 m
Clearance height = Elev, of the highest point – Elev of the top of the cross road
= 37.5 – 31.52 6 m
8. A vertical curve joins a -0.5% grade to a +1.0% grade. The P.I. of the vertical curve is at
station 200 + 00 and elevation 150.00 m above sea level. The centerline of the roadway
must clear a pipe located at station 200 + 70 by 0.75 m. The elevation of the top of the pipe
is 150.40 m above sea level. What is the minimum length of vertical curve that can be used?
Solution
= ℎ = + + ------- 1
( − )
=
The distance of the pipe from BVC = [(200+75) – (200 + 00 – 0.5L)] = 75 + 0.5L
Elev. of the a point above the pipe = 150.4 + 0.75 = Elev. BVC - 0.005 (75 + 0.5L) + (0.015x(75 +
0.5L) 2/(2L))
L=
9. Determine the minimum length of a crest vertical curve between a +0.5% grade and a -1.0%
grade for a road with a 100 km/h design speed. The vertical curve must provide 190-m
stopping sight distance. Round up to the next greatest 20 m interval.
10. Determine the minimum length of a sag vertical curve between a -0.7% grade and a +0.5%
grade for a road with a 110 km/h design speed. The vertical curve must provide 220 m
stopping sight distance and comfort standard. Round up to the next greatest 20 m interval.
Comfort criterion:
AV [0.5— 0.7)
L= = (110) 395 = 36.8 m
395 395
Use 40 m Vertical curve
11. A vertical curve joins a -1.2% grade to a +0.8% grade. The P.I. of the vertical curve is at
station 75 + 00 and elevation 50.90 m above sea level. The centerline of the roadway must
clear a pipe located at station 75 + 40 by 0.80 m. The elevation of the top of the pipe is 51.10
m above sea level. What is the minimum length of the vertical curve that can be used?
Determine z:
z = (75 + 40) -(75+ 00) = 0.40 sta.
Determine y
Elevation of tangent = 50.90 + (-1.2)(0.4) = 50.42 m
Elevation of roadway = 51.10 + 0.80 = 51.90 m
y’ =51.90 - 50.42 = 1.48 m
Determine w:
A =g2 – g1 = (+0.8) – (-1.2) = 2.0
′
= = 0.74
Determine L
= 4 − 2 + 4√ − = 417 m
Check y’