JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership / M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education

Name: Ersoy OSANC Date: 16/ 07 /2019

Dogan, B., & Almus, K. (2014), School Administrators’ Use of iPads: Impact of Training
and Attitudes Toward School Use, Computers in the Schools: Interdisciplinary Journal of
Practice, Theory, and Applied Research, 31:3, 233-250.
INTRODUCTION

Theoretical background, overarching theme, and research questions:

Millions of iPads have been sold to schools in US and worldwide. School administrators are
crucial in the integration of their schools into technology. This research casts lights to how
the school administrators adapt to this concept, and how they respond to training.

Purpose of the research:

The purpose of this study is to find out how school administrators use iPads for their
professional duties and the potential effects on their work-related tasks and personal
organization, the impact of the training process on school administrators’ use of iPads.

METHODOLOGY

The methodology for the research or approach used to understand the issue?
Participants:
51 elementary and secondary school administrators selected through purposive sampling
from one of the largest public charter school systems in Texas.
Procedures:
A pre-survey is applied in the beginning of the study. Then a training session intended to
develop iPad skills is designed through an interactive webinar. Then a post-survey is applied
in order to make a comparison.
Data Collection Methods/Data Source:
 The pre-survey, administered at the beginning, collected data about demographics and
measured if and how school administrators currently use their iPads for their tasks, their
beliefs about the effectiveness of iPads.
 Six one-way ANOVA tests, and one t-test were conducted for two items of the pre-survey.
 The post-survey, administered after a training session measured improvements in certain
tasks, evaluation of training session and resources provided to school administrators
during the study. Survey instruments included multiple choice and Likert-type scale items.
Data Analysis:
The average age, the average years of experience in education, the average years of experience
as a school administrator, the average school size of participants, ownership of an iPad,
operation platforms, institution types, education levels, purpose of usage, reason of
preference, type of application, level of manipulation, observation of effectiveness,
willingness to integrate iPad in school environment, differences of responses according to
demographics, evaluation of training process.

RESULTS

Findings or Results (or main points of the article):

 Analysis of demographic and contextual data;
 Impacts of the training process on the administrators’ use of iPad and applications;
 Impacts of the training process on the administrators’ beliefs regarding the iPads;
 Differences in participants’ responses by their demographic and contextual data;
 Evaluation of training process.

DISCUSSIONS

Conclusions/Implications (for your profession):

 Participants in this study were relatively young administrators with only 2.04 years of
experience compared with other public schools in the state. This may cast a bias on the
research in terms of how it may reflect the overall approach of the school administrators.
However, it emphasized the understanding as it has been previously shown that younger
school administrators use more technology compared with older school administrators.
 One of the traits of a strong school leader is the ability to be visible and get out of the
office. Valuing the iPads’ mobility, iPads may have the potential to help school
administrators become more visible.
 Effectiveness of iPad and its applications for running the administrative tasks is already
reported by the participants.
 Survey results suggest that, in overall, the training process had a positive effect on the
development of iPad skills and knowledge of the school administrators.

REFLECTIONS

Personal Reflections:
The research consolidated my contemplation about the bias of the average school
administrators for the upcoming technology. But I see through this research that, after the
proper introduction and training of technology to the administrators, they can get
enthusiastic about the technology.
It is obvious that further studies must be carried out in this field, focusing on the different
aspects of technology and how the people receive it.