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FTMBERDL
College of Engineering
National University – Manila
PROBLEM 1: A 9m high retaining wall is laterally supported at the top and fixed at the base. The
wall resist active earth pressure increasing from 0 at top to 52 KN/m at the base per meter length
along the longitudinal axis.
1. Determine the design moment at the base apply FEM equation at the top and at the
base.
EI constant.
2. The lateral support at the top of the wall was removed determine the design moment at the
base.
3. Determine the resulting base shear if the wall is free at the top.
PROBLEM 2: The cylinder in the figure are piled in a rectangular ditch as shown. Neglecting
friction. Radius of cylinders A, B, C are 4, 6, and 5m.
Given: S = 6m H = 6m
= 240 KN = 90 KN
1.) Determine the required diameter “d 1” (mm) of the 3 bolts in shear connecting the double-angle
member to the wide tee.
2.) Determine the required diameter “d 2” (mm) of the four bolts in tension connecting the wide tee
to the flange of the supporting beam.
3.) Determine the required diameter “d 2” (mm) of the four bolts connecting the wide tee to the
flange supporting beam.
PROBLEM 5: A 15 m. long precast pile is to be lifted at two points from casting bed.
1.) At what equal distance from the ends should the pile be lifted so that the maximum bending
stress is the least possible?
2.) At what equal distance from the ends should the pile be lifted so that the resulting shear is
smallest?
3.) As the pile is being lifted, its left end is laid on the ground while it is supported at 2.5 m. from the
right end. At this instance what is the resulting maximum positive moment due to its weight of 8.5
KN/M.
PROBLEM 6: A wooden log is to be used as a foot bridge to span a 2 m. gap. The log is to support
to a concentrated load of 27 kN.
1.) What is the diameter of the log needed for a maximum shear?
2.) Find the diameter of the log needed so that the allowable bending stress is not exceeded.
3.) A 150 wide rectangular log is to be used instead of the circular log. What is the required
minimum depth of the log so as not to exceed the allowable bending stre ss?
PROBLEM 7: A crane supports the load W as shown.
2. If the allowable tension of cable AC is 48 kN, find the maximum value of W. Neglect the weight of
boom.
3. If the boom (mast) weighs 8 kN and the allowable tension of the cable AC is 50 kN. Find the
maximum value of W.
PROBLEM 8: For the truss shown in Figure AN36- 2058, P1 = 13 kN and P2 = 6.5 kN.
PROBLEM 11: A steel pipe column is supported on a circular steel base plate and a concrete
pedestal. Column ends are hinged and sidesway is prevented.
Given: Axial load = 80Kn
Column outside diameter = 260mm
Column unsupported length = 3m
Allowable compressive strength = 55MPa
Allowable bearing stress on the pedestal = 10MPa
1. What is the minimum required thickness of the column based on the allowable compressive
stress?
2. Find the minimum required diameter of the base plate.
3. If the thickness of the column is 10mm, calculate the slenderness ratio.
P=800kN
D=200
3m
PROBLEM 12:
Given the following girder properties:
A = 1500mm2 tw = 10mm
d = 350mm Ix = 266x106mm4
tr = 16mm Iy = 45x106mm4
b1 = 250mm Fy = 248 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity, E = 200Gpa
Allowable flexural stress, F b = 148MPa
Allowable shear stress, F b = 99MPa
16
159
N.A
350
10
PROBLEM 13:
Given:
P = 40kN
W = 8kN/m
L1 = 2.5m
L2 = 0.3m
P=40kN
w=8kN
L2 = 0.3m
L1 = 2.5m
PROBLEM 14: A rigid bin holds three identical cylinders stacked as shown in the figure. Each
cylinder is 0.6 m in diameter and weighs 800 N. the bin is 1.20 m wide. Neglect friction.
Determine the total reaction at A in N.
Determine the total reaction at D in N.
Determine the total reaction at G in N.
PROBLEM 15: An open cylindrical tank 500 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick is subjected to an
internal pressure and axial tensile force, resulting to the final stresses given in the Mohr’s circle
shown.
Given:
a = 30 MPa, b = 90 MPa,
c = 40 MPa
PROBLEM 16: A square post is made of two parts, glued at plane abcd with an angle of α = 30o
with the vertical. The allowable compressive stress at the glue is 5.2 MPa and the allowable shearing
stress is 3.5 MPa. The axial load P = 36 kN.
10.5 0.5
11.5
2.0m 4.0m 2.0m
PROBLEM 18: A wooden planks 300mm wide and 75 mm thick are used as temporary earth
retaining wall driven vertically into the ground. The wall is designed to resist 2.40 m height of soil.
Unit weight of soil is 17.3 kn/ with = 1/3. Allowable bending and shearing stresses of wood
plank are 10.4 MPa and 0.8 MPa respectively.
PROBLEM 20:
F G H P4
A B C D E
a b c d
P2 P3
P1
For the plane truss shown in the figure, a = 3m, b = 2.25m, h = 3m, P 1 = 1 kN, P2 = 3 kN, P3 = 3 kN, and
P4 = 1.5 kN. The diagonal members CF, BG, DG, and CH are cables.
PROBLEM 21:
W1 W2
d
A B C
3m 22m
A truck with axle loads of W1 = 19.6 kN and W2 = 78.6 kN on wheel base of d= 4.3 m rolls across the
beam shown in the figure. Determine the following:
PROBLEM 22:
B 3kN/m
3m
A 54kN/m
A 3-m high cantilever retaining wall is acted on by an active force that varies uniformly form 3 kN/m
at the top to 54 kN/m at the base. Assume that the flexural rigidity of the wall is constant. See figure
above.
If the wall is simply supported at the top, compute the maximum moment in the wall.
If the wall is simply supported at the top, compute the maximum shear in the wall.
Solutions and Answers
PROBLEM 1:
Design moment at the base when the top is lateral
=0
Design moment at the base when the support at the top was removed.
Base shearing if the wall if the lateral support is removed at the top:
PROBLEM 2:
Reaction between A and B
PROBLEM 3:
1. Vertical Reaction at A
= 330 KN
= 240(2) + 90(2)
= 330 KN
= 240 at 90
= 330
PROBLEM 4:
1.) Diameter of the 3 bolts in shear connecting the double-angle member to the wide tee
Ft
210
Fh
5
2
Ft = 187.83 kN Fh = 93.91 kN
(double shear)
d = 17.23 mm
2. Diameter of the four bolts in tension connecting the wide tee to the flange of the supporting
beam.
d = 14.12 mm
3. Diameter of the four bolts connecting the wide tee to the flange of the supporting beam
d = 17.5 mm
PROBLEM 5:
1.) Equal distance from the ends where the pile could be lifted for minimum bending stress
2. Equal distance from the ends where the piles will be lifted so that the resulting shear is the
smallest
wx = 7.5w – wx
x = 7.5 – x
x = 3.75 m
3. Resulting positive moment if the pile is lifted at 2.5 m. from the right end due to its weight of
8.5 kN/m
∑MR1 = 0
12.5R2 = 8.5 (15)(7.5)
R2 = 76.5
R1+R2 = 8.5(15)
R1 = 51
8.5x = 51
x =6
Positive moment
M = 153 kN∙m
PROBLEM 6:
1.) Diameter of log needed for a maximum shear.
For maximum shear, the 27 kN should be placed at the end of the log.
27 kN
2m
R2 R1
∑MR2 = 0
2R1 = 27 kN (2)
R1 = 27 kN
A = 30000
D = 195.4 mm
27 kN
2m
M= 13.5 kN∙m
D = 280 mm
d = 300 mm.
PROBLEM 7:
Parts 1 & 2: Neglecting the weight of the boom, boom BC may be considered a two force
member. The forces can be solved by method of joints.
T
Part 1: W = 24kN
W
9m
B
A
8m 4m
Part 2: T = 48kN
C
Part 3:
T
9m
A 8m B 4m
PROBLEM 8:
Part 1:
Part 2:
Part 3:
At joint D,
PROBLEM 9:
B
A
Part 1: W = 80kN
Part 3: Strain,
PROBLEM 10:
10.5m
x
1.5m
5m
x
Part 2:
Part 3:
PROBLEM 11:
1. Minimum required thickness of the column based on the allowable compressive stress.
S =P/A
P=800kN
55 = 800,000 / (π/4)(D+d)
D + d = 18520
d2 = (260) 2 – 18520
d = 222 mm
3m
Thickness of pipe column:
2t + 222 – 260
T = 18 say 20mm
D=200
S =P/A
10 = 800,000 / A
A = 80,000
π d2 / 4 = 80,000
d= 319.2 say 320mm
Radius of gyration
r=
=
r = 88.46mm
Slenderness ratio:
KL = 1.0 (3000) = 33.9
r 88.46
PROBLEM 12:
250
Fv = V / dt
99 = V / (350)(10)
V = 346.5 kN 10
Fx = VQ/Ib
Q = 250(16)(167) + 159(10)(159/2)
Q= 794405
Fx = VQ/Ib
99 = V(794405) / 266x104 (10)
V= 331 kN
PROBLEM 13:
P=40kN
w=8kN
L2 = 0.3m
L1 = 2.5m
1. Bending Moment at C
Moment at C:
M = 8(25) 2 + 40(2.5) = 125 Kn.m
2. Twisting Moment at C
Mc = 40(0.3) = 12 Kn.m
3. Shear at C
Vc = 40 + 8(25) = 60 kN
PROBLEM 14:
Given:
W = 800 N
By symmetry, RA = RB
ΣFV = 0
2 RA cos 30o = 800
RA = 461.88 N = R B
In cylinder 2:
ΣFH = 0
RD = RA cos 60o
RD = 230.94 N
ΣFV = 0
RF = W + R A sin 60o
RF = 800 + 461.88 sin 60o
RF = 1200 N
PROBLEM 15:
C = ½ (30 + 90) = 60
2
R = 402 +(60-30) = 50
σmin = C – R = 60 – 50
σmin = 10 MPa
σmax = C + R = 60 + 50
σmax = 110 MPa
max = R = 50 MPa
Note: As stated in the problem, the tank is open, and if the base of the tank rest on the floor, the
internal pressure (due to liquid in the tank) does not cause longitudinal stress in the tank, or σL = 0.
σ= 10 =
p = 0.12 MPa
σ= 110 =
p = 518.36 kN
PROBLEM 16:
Axial load, P = 36 kN
Angle of plane to the vertical, α = 30o
Allowable compressive stress at the glue, σabcd = 5.2 MPa
Allowable shearing stress at the glue, abcd = 3.5 MPa
= 90o – α = 60o
Part 1:
w = 41.6 mm
Part 2:
w = 66.74 mm
Part 3:
The angle α that will give the maximum shear stress is 45o.
PROBLEM 17:
10 12
10.5 0.5
21 23
PROBLEM 18:
H = 2.4 m Fb = 10.4 MPa
Ka = 1/3 t = 75 mm
Fa = ½ Ka ϒs H 2 Fa = ½ (1/3)(17.3)(2.4) 2
Fa = 16.608 kN
Mbase = Fa x H/3 Mbase = 16.608 (2.4 / 3 )
Mbase = 13.286 kN – m
fb =
fb =
fv =
fv =
fb =
10.4 =
d=87.55 mm
PROBLEM 19:
Considering Post Ac:
∑MA= 0
fv= FBD / AV
AV= 2×π/4 (20)2 = 628.32 mm
PROBLEM 20:
Notes : - Cables carry tensile force only
-For two diagonal cables, both cannot be in tension at the same time.
x y
F G H 1.5 kN
3m
EH = 1.5
kN
A B C D E
3m 3m 2.25m 2.25m
BV = 4.7 kN
F H 1.5 kN
FCF FCH = 0
3m
3.7kN FDG 1.5
kN
A B FBG = 0 0.7 kN α D E
Section x-x
The Required cable force for equilibrium is 3.7 kN downward. Cable BG cannot support this
load because it will introduce compression on the cable, hence FBG = 0.
At joint B, FBF = Bv = 4.7 kN
Section y-y
The required net vertical cable force for equilibrium is 0.7 kN upward. Thus FCH = 0.
At joint D
W1 W2
d
A B C
3m 22m
Part 1 : Maximum positive moment occurs when the loads are within span BC.
Span Length, L = 22 m
d = 4.3 m
4PL 4 ( 98.2)(22)
W1 W2
B C
3m 22m
The maximum negative moment at B when the heaviest load (W2) is at point A as shown.
W1 W2
A B C
3m 22m
RC
The maximum shear is at C when the heavier load is at that point.
RC = 94.369 kN
VMax = RC = 94.369 kN
PROBLEM 22:
MA = 90 kN-m
Part 2 & 3
RB =18.675 kN
VMax = VA = 66.85 kN