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2019 Lead Variation, Wobble - As the Gear Turns

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LEAD VARIATION, WOBBLE

Nov 3, 2014 | Tech Tips

GEAR TOOTH LEAD VARIATION CAUSED BY WOBBLE.

In this issue we will consider the problem shown in the following gear tooth lead
inspection chart (Figure 1).

Figure 1 – Lead inspection with lead variation error

This chart is a measurement along both the left and right anks of four teeth of a
gear. This is an AGMA-standard gear check per the ANSI/AGMA 2015-1-A01
standard. In particular, this is a measurement of the “total helix deviation,” denoted
as Fβ, and de ned as the “distance between two design helix lines which enclose

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the actual helix trace over the evaluation range.” In simple words, Fβ is the
di erence in distance between the measured high and low points. This value is
absolute, so viewing the chart is necessary to determine the location of these high
and low points. A perfect gear would give a perfectly vertical measurement line
(these charts may also be depicted horizontally). By combining the chart and the
absolute value of variation, we have both an understanding of the type and
magnitude of error to be considered.

Figure 2 – Total helix deviation

 
Presuming the four teeth are 90° to each other, this chart depicts a lead variation
commonly referred to as “wobble.” In this example, the lead of four teeth varies
regularly from a plus to a minus condition, indicating wobble. There are four
possible sources of this error:

1. Part blank: Check for parallel faces and perpendicular bore.

2. Fixture: Check for proper alignment and/or runout of the xture face.
3. Machine: Check for misaligned tailstock, a worn or damaged tailstock center,
or runout of the work spindle.
4. Inspection: Check for runout in the arbor or xture, or a misaligned tailstock.

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As the Gear Turns is an educational publication produced by Koepfer America, your
gear manufacturing solutions provider.

Editor: Adam Gimpert

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