NS1
Lesson 2: Science Technology and Nation Building
Historical Background of Science and Technology in the Philippines
I. Pre – Spanish Period
 Interpret the movements of heavenly bodies to predict seasons
and climates
 Medicinal uses of plants
 Developed tools for planting, hunting, cooking and fishing
 Developed tools for fighting their enemies during war or tribal
conflicts
 Developed technologies for transportation, both on land and
waterways
 Developed technology for in creating musical instruments
 Used metals (gold and silver) for jewelries, ceramics and metal
tools
 Trading with China, Indonesia, Japan and other nearby countries
influenced their lives by providing different opportunities for
cultural and technological exchange.
II. Spanish Period
 Established schools for boys and girls
 Introduced concept of subjects and disciplines
 Beginning of formal science and technology in the Philippines(
“School of Science and technology””)
 Medicine and advanced science were introduced
 Galleon trade
III. American Period
 Established the public education system
 Established a modern research university, University of the
Philippines
 Reorganized the learning of science and introduced it in public
and private schools
 Created more public hospitals
 Brought hospitals and schools to far – flung areas
 Improved the engineering works and health conditions of the
people
 Improved transportation and communication system
 Mineral resources were explored.
The NCRP policies:
A. Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, International
Policies and Governance
 Integrating ASEAN awareness in basic education
without adding to the curriculum
 Emphasizing teaching in the mother tongue
 Developing school infrastructure and providing for ICT
broadband
 Local food security
B. Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and
Space Sciences and Mathematics
 Emphasizing degrees, licenses, and employment
opportunities
 Outright grants peer monitoring
 Review of R.A. 9184
 Harnessing science and technology as an
independent mover of development
C. Medical, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
 Ensuring compliance of drug – manufacturing firms
with ASEAN – harmonized standards by full
implementation of the Food and Drug Administration
 Creating an education council dedicated to
standardization of pharmaceutical services and care
 Empowering food and drug agencies to conduct
evidence – based research as pool of information
 Allocating 2% of the GDP to research
 Legislating a law supporting human genome projects
D. Biological Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry
 Protecting and conserving biodiversity by full
implementation of existing laws
 Use of biosafety and standard model by ASEAN
countries
 Promoting indigenous knowledge systems and
indigenous people’s conservation
 Formulation of common food and safety standards
Areas and fields that the country is looking forward to embark various
research and projects:
1. Use of alternative and safe energy
2. Harnessing mineral resources
3. Finding cure for various diseases and illness
4. Climate change and global warming
5. Increasing food production
6. Preservation of natural resources
7. Coping with natural disasters and calamities
8. Infrastructure development
Filipino Scientists:
1. Ramon Cabanos Barba – tissue culture in Philippine
mangoes
- Induce more flowers in mango
trees using ethrel and potassium
nitrate
2. Josefino Cacas Comiso – Antartica’s characteristics
3. Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr. – for inventing the meconium
drugs testing
 Meconium – first stoo,l of newborn infant
4. Lourdes Jansuy Cruz – notable for her research on sea snail
venom
5. Fabian Millar Dayrit – for his research on herbal medicine,
Lagundi (Vitex negundo)
6. Rafael Dineros Guerrero III – tilapia culture
7. Lilian Formalejo Patena – for doing research on plant
biotechnology
8. Jose Bejar Cruz Jr. – known internationally in the field of
electrical engineering, Control Theorist
- Elected as officer of the Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
9. Mari – Jo Panganiban Ruiz – for being an outstanding
educator and graph theorist
10. Gregory Ligot Tangonan – for his research in the field of
communications technology