CITRA YALA TAMA RAYA

Oilfield Equipment and Service

ENVIRO HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM

General
The Enviro Lift Hydraulic Rod Pumping system uses high-pressure fluid to lift a piston that is
attached to the rod string and downhole pump. A simple explanation of how this system works
can be appreciated in the estimation of the force that is required of the piston to lift the oil and the
rod string. The piston force is the result of the pressure in pounds per square inch applied to the
piston area in square inches that results in pounds.

The Stroke length, Operating Speed, and operating pressure can be varied to meet specific well
conditions (depth and production rate).

A piston diameter of 4.77” (cylinder OD=5”) provides 17.88 in²piston area. Pressure is applied
on the piston to drive the sucker rod string up.

The up-stroke speed is controlled through an orifice on the enclosed positive displacement action
of the piston cylinder while down-stroke speed controlled is accomplished by an adjustable choke
that restricts the discharge of fluid as the piston goes down.

A surface power unit (Vane pump) supplies the high-pressure fluid through special Control
Valves designed for maximum fluid velocities of 10 fps. Present experience has proven the
system to peak polish rod loads near 20,000 lbs which result in operating pressures of only 1120
psi.

The major benefit of the Hydraulic Rod Pump is that you can operate with long slow strokes and
vary the upstroke and downstroke independently to fill the pump the best and obtain the longest
life of the equipment all at a very low cost comparable to small pumping units that can not offer
these advantages.

The system has been proven to provide low maintenance continuous operation since 1940 around
the world and for two years in Indonesia.

Well Completion
Well completions should always be designed to maximize artificial lift effectiveness. Downhole
Pump efficiency can be estimated using theoretical volumetric efficiency curves based on
estimated producing fluid level, gas and water content. Gas separators should be considered if the
volumetric efficiency from the above analysis is less than 50%. If a gas separator is installed or if
the pump is placed below perforations the GOR can be estimated using the graph for GOR in gas
vented production (physical principals of Oil Production by Muskat).

Head Office – Jakarta Tel: 62 21 625 0471, Fax: 625 0512, email: cytraya@cbn.net.id
Sales & Service: Palembang Office: Tel: 62 711-312119 Fax: 711-313079
Service: 24 Hour Telephone: 62 816745708 and 62 811 711183
 CITRA YALA TAMA RAYA
Oilfield Equipment and Service

Downhole Pump and Sucker Rod String Selection

The largest available pump bore is selected to obtain maximum pump efficiency minimizing
internal pump losses. Together with long strokes, large pump bores lead to longer pump life
because the valves open and close less. Higher efficiency and longer life increase profits and
reduce work. The fluid load is calculated for the size plunger selected and the sucker rod string is
selected to minimize total load on the surface unit. API Sucker Rod tables are used to select the
best rod string design. This provides the actual load that the unit will experience during normal
operation.

The maximum fluid load will be experienced upon start up when the well is full of workover
fluid. Calculate the maximum load assuming at least 0.43 lb per foot of fluid load with a full
column of this fluid over the pump and 100% volumetric efficiency. Select the rod string for
these maximum load conditions (60,000 psi max. rod load).

Approximate Weight per foot of Sucker Rod

API Size Without Couplings With Standard With Slim Hole
Couplings Couplings
5/8” 1.088 lb/ ft 1.14 lb/ ft 1.128 lb/ ft
¾” 1.54 lb/ ft 1.6 lb/ ft 1.592 lb/ ft
7/8” 2.08 lb/ ft 2.152 lb/ ft 2.14 lb/ ft
1” 2.976 lb/ ft 2.9 lb/ ft 2.876 lb/ ft
1-1/8” 3.548 lb/ ft 3.672 lb/ ft -
Head Office – Jakarta Tel: 62 21 625 0471, Fax: 625 0512, email: cytraya@cbn.net.id
Sales & Service: Palembang Office: Tel: 62 711-312119 Fax: 711-313079
Service: 24 Hour Telephone: 62 816745708 and 62 811 711183
 CITRA YALA TAMA RAYA
Oilfield Equipment and Service

Enviro Hydraulic System

Artificial Lift Systems

Enviro-Lift Hydraulic
Pumping Unit
The following Hydraulic Rod Pump (HRP) performance predictions are provided to allow field
application and evaluation of the HRP. Experience has confirmed that field adjustments allow
final optimization.

These HRP System applications calculations assume maximum loads to allow for start up loads
experienced when well is full of work over fluid. Sucker rod string dynamic factors are not
considered in these field application equations because the long slow stroke of the HRP leads to
minimum forces. Production flowline pressure is also minimal, less than 100 psi. ENVIRO LIFT
has proprietary advanced computer generated design programs that can better estimate actual
loads in critical applications.

Pump capacity is based on 100% volumetric efficiency where calculated peak polished rod load
should be less than actual loading if pump speeds are held to acceptable limits. API graphs for
calculation of design volumes with known producing bottom hole pressure, API gravity and GOR
are included in this manual to allow more precise results when this information is known.

In most cases low producing bottomhole pressures and proper downhole gas separator design
should provide volumetric efficiencies greater than 85%. In order to design the downhole gas
separator the area between the outer shell or perforated nipple and the pump inlet feed tube
should allow downward fluid velocities less than 0.5 fps. The speed that a gas bubble raises in
oil is estimated at 0.5 fps. Solution gas should be considered when calculating fluid velocities.
Casing size sometimes limits gas separator optimization. The result of poor gas separation is
reduced volumetric efficiency that can be determined with information provided herein.

Well Data Required

Pump Depth (ft):
Pump Plunger Diameter (in):
Production Desired (BFPD):
Stroke Length (in):
HRP Cylinder Diameter (in):
Rod String Dimensions (API):
API Gravity of OIL:
Water Cut (decimal):
Water Specific Gravity:
Gas Separator Outer Shell Diameter (in):
Gas Separator Inner Feed Tube Inside Diameter (in):
Tubing Size (in):
Casing Size (in):
Flowline Pressure (psi):
Bubble Point (psi):
Producing Bottomhole Pressure (psi):

Head Office – Jakarta Tel: 62 21 625 0471, Fax: 625 0512, email: cytraya@cbn.net.id
Sales & Service: Palembang Office: Tel: 62 711-312119 Fax: 711-313079
Service: 24 Hour Telephone: 62 816745708 and 62 811 711183
 CITRA YALA TAMA RAYA
Oilfield Equipment and Service

Design Equations

Pump Speed (SPM)= (6.72 x Production Desired) ÷ {stroke length x {(pump plunger
diameter/2) ²}

Produced Fluid Gradient (PFG in lbs/ft)= (Water cut x water gradient from tables) +
{(1-water cut) x oil gradient from tables} Note: Use 100% water for estimation of loads
for largest possible gradient, which is normally present during start up.

Fluid Weight (lbs)= PFG x pump vertical depth

Rod Weight (lbs)= weight of sucker rods per ft from tables x pump measured depth

Design Peak Polish Rod Load (lbs)= Fluid Weight + Rod Weight

Operating Upstroke Pressure= (Design Peak Polish Rod Load) / (piston Diameter)
Where standard piston diameter = 4.77 in²

Upstroke Power Fluid Volume (gpm)= (Cylinder Diameter x Strokes per minute) / 231

Design Power Fluid Volume (gpm)= Upstroke power fluid volume x SPM x 2

Design Hydraulic Horsepower= (Design Power Fluid Volume x Operating Upstroke

Pressure) / 1714

Upstroke Speed (sec)= (upstroke power fluid volume  Design power fluid volume) x
60

Theoretical Production Rate= 0.1488095 x  x (Diameter of pump plunger  2) ² x

SPM x Stroke Length

Pump Volumetric Efficiency = Actual production rate ÷ Theoretical production rate

Head Office – Jakarta Tel: 62 21 625 0471, Fax: 625 0512, email: cytraya@cbn.net.id
Sales & Service: Palembang Office: Tel: 62 711-312119 Fax: 711-313079
Service: 24 Hour Telephone: 62 816745708 and 62 811 711183
 CITRA YALA TAMA RAYA
Oilfield Equipment and Service

Head Office – Jakarta Tel: 62 21 625 0471, Fax: 625 0512, email: cytraya@cbn.net.id
Sales & Service: Palembang Office: Tel: 62 711-312119 Fax: 711-313079
Service: 24 Hour Telephone: 62 816745708 and 62 811 711183