Unit II: POETRY (THE SELF)
Lesson 1: Introduction to Poetry
Emotion- is a strong feeling such as love, anger, joy, hate, or fear.
Feeling- an awareness of your body of something in it or on it.
Poem- a piece of writing that usually has figurative language and that is written in separate lines often have a
repeated rhythm and sometimes rhyme.
Different Shades of Sadness
 Rain on a Grave (vocabulary words)
Spout- to flow out with force
Amain- at full speed, in great haste
Disdain- a feeling of strong dislike
Shivered- to undergo trembling
Tentative-uncertain and hesitant
Stray- separated from a group
Mound- to cover with a pile of something
 Dulce Et Decorum Est (vocabulary words)
Hags- ugly, old evil-looking woman
Sludge- thick, soft, wet mud
Trudge- walk heavily because of tiredness
Limped- walk in slow & awkward way
Hoots- to make a loud sound
Ecstasy- state of very great happiness
Fumbling- to grope for a thing clumsily
Stumbling- speak or act in an awkward way
Misty- not clearly seen or remembered
Plunges- a sudden drop from a high place
Guttering- of the worst kind; immoral
Pace- to walk back and forth
Jolt- move with a quick and sudden motion
Gargling- to hold the throat and agitate air
Froth-bubbles that form in a liquid
Vile- evil or immoral; unpleasant
 The Dying Child(vocabulary words)
Bluebell-plant with bell shaped blue flower
Glee- great pleasure or satisfaction
Plaintive-expressing suffering and sadness
Submitted By: Cyra Janelle Sabellano
 Acquainted with the Night (vocabulary
words)
Watchman- a person whose job is to watch
a property at night
Unearthly-very strange, unnatural and
frightening
Luminary- a body that gives light
Acquainted- having personal knowledge of
something
Defining Poetry
(Vocabulary words)
Spontaneous- done or said in a natural and
often sudden way without a lot of thought
Tranquility- the quality or state of being
quiet and peaceful
Apparition- ghost or spirit of a dead person
Fleeting- not lasting for a long time
Elements of Poetry
Meter- a systematically arranged and measured
rhythm
Sound- rhyme refers to a close similarity of
sound as well as an exact correspondence
Imagery- figurative language that gives
picturesque of something being described
Structure - Meter is the rhythmic structure of
a poem.
Prose- a literary medium distinguished from poetry
especially by its greater variety of rhythm such as dull
and ordinary style
Delineation-outlining or representing something
with lines or words
Delving- to search for information about something;
archaic or hollow
Philippine Poetry inEnglish
(Vocabulary Words)

Moonlight in Manila Bay

Serene-calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
Ethereal-extremely delicate and light in a way that seems too perfect for this world.
Effulgent-shining brightly; radiant.
Cresting-have attached or affixed at the top.
Bosom-used to refer to the chest as the seat of emotions.
Lingering-lasting for a long time or slow to end.
Lambent-of light or fire) glowing, gleaming, or flickering with a soft radiance.
Behests-a person's orders or command.
Oft-archaic, poetic/literary, or jocular form of often.
Presaging- be a sign or warning that (something, typically something bad) will happen.

Lesson 2: The Line

One of the most obvious indicators that a poem is a poem is that it should be broken into lines- verse
Lines indicate how the text should be read. This manipulation of the line can prove can prove an added
layer to one’s reading of a poem, and often contributes to its effect.

Holy Sonnet 14 : Batter My Heart, Three- Person’d God

Batter my heart, three-person'd God; for you. As yet but knock, breathe, shine, and seek to mend;
The speaker begins by asking God (along with Jesus and the Holy Ghost; together, they make up the
"three-personed God") to attack his heart as if it were the gates of a fortress town.
Lesson 3: The Meter
Aside from line, a crucial element of poetry is sound. It means to attempt poetry is to be attuned to
the way words sound when stringed together, and this musicality is a big part of what makes a poem
measurable.
Stressed Syllable- use slant line (/) for accented syllables
Unstressed syllable – uses a flattened U shape for a slack syllables

A Beginner’s Guide to Meter

Poetry relies heavily on sound and not just its visual representation on the page. METER largely
determines line length and lineation.

Meter in poetry means the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables found in a poem.
3 Types of Meter
Accentual meter- counts the number of stresses, but does not the syllables
Syllabic meter- the reversal of accentual meter- syllables are counted, but stress are varied
Accentual- syllabic meter- the combination of the two; both stresses and syllables are
measured and counted
*FREE VERSE- is free to create rhythm by capitalizing on the differences of meter.

foot, is the basic unit of the meter, and usually consists of one stressed syllable and or two
unstressed syllable .
Types of Feet used in English Poetry
i. Iamb- refers to a weak (unstressed) syllable followed by a strong (stressed) syllable
ii. Trochee- accented syllable followed by a slack syllable
iii. Anapest- two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable
iv. Dactyl- refers to strong syllable followed by two weak syllables
v. Pyrhic-two unstressed syllables
vi. Spondee- two stressed syllables

Lesson 4: Sound Patterns

PLAT IT BY EAR

The sound of a word is also what gives pleasure and what literary writers have employed knowledge by
putting different sounds, allowing the readers to experience the word.

Different Types of Sound Devices

Alliteration- the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected
words
Assonance- in poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in non rhyming stressed syllables
near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible
Consonance- the recurrence of similar sounds, especially consonants, in close proximity (chiefly as used in
prosody).
Cacophony- a harsh discordant mixture of sounds.
Euphony- the quality of being pleasing to the ear, especially through a harmonious combination of words.
Onomatopoeia- the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named (e.g. cuckoo, sizzle ).
Repetition- is a literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer
and more memorable
Rhyme- correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at
the ends of lines of poetry.

Lesson 5: Imagery
(Vocabulary words)

The Tyger
Quatrain-A four line stanza
Stanza-A group of lines in a poem
Immortal-Able to live forever
Frame-build or design - carpenters frame out a house
Symmetry-Balanced proportions
Thine-your
Aspire-(v.) to have ambitious hopes or plans, strive
toward a higher goal, desire earnestly; to ascend
Sieze-to catch or take hold suddenly
Sinews-a piece of tough fibrous tissue uniting muscle to
bone or bone to bone; a tendon or ligament.
Furnace-an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced
to heat buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores,
etc.
 METAPHOR: WHAT IS ITALL FOR?
Metaphor is a figurative language that uses two objects being compared side by side
and list all the similarities and dissimilarities.
A conceit is an extended metaphor that also makes an unlikely comparison between two
objects.
A simile is a type of metaphor made explicit by the use of “like” and “as”.
A synecdoche refers to a part that stands for the whole or vice versa, such as “head
count” to refer a number of people.
A metonymy is the use of an attribute or adjunct to refer an object or thing meant, such
as “robes” for judges and “greens” for dollars.

Lesson 6: Conventional Forms

(Vocabulary words)
Sestina My Last Duchess
1. almanac 1. ample
an annual publication including weather forecasts more than enough in size or scope or capacity
2. equinoctial
Is ample warrant that no just pretence
relating to when the lengths of night and day are
2. avow
equal
declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true
3. foretell
3. bough
make a prediction about
any of the larger branches of a tree
4. tidy
4. countenance
put in order
the appearance conveyed by a person's face,
5. clever
5. dowry
mentally quick and resourceful
money brought by a woman to her husband at
6. hover
marriage
hang in the air; fly or be suspended above
6. earnest
7. shiver
characterized by a firm, humorless belief in
shake, as from cold
one's opinions
8. rigid
7. munificent
fixed and unmoving
very generous
9. winding
8. officious
marked by repeated turns and bends
intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner
10. careful
9. stoop
cautiously attentive
bend one's back forward from the waist on down
11. marvelous
10. terrace
being or having the character of a miracle
usually paved outdoor area adjoining a residence
12. inscrutable
11. trifling
difficult or impossible to understand
not worth considering
13. sestet
12. warrant
a group of six lines of verse
formal and explicit approval
13. wit
mental ability

,
Forms of Poetry
Sonnet- a poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in English
typically having ten syllables per line.

Villanelle- a nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a
quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of
the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.

Sestina- a poem with six stanzas of six lines and a final triplet, all stanzas having the same six
words at the line-ends in six different sequences that follow a fixed pattern, and with all six
words appearing in the closing three-line envoi.

Blank Verse- verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameter.

Heroic Couplet- (in verse) a pair of rhyming iambic pentameters, much used by Chaucer and the
poets of the 17th and 18th centuries such as Alexander Pope.

Haiku- a Japanese poem of seventeen syllables, in three lines of five, seven, and five,
traditionally evoking images of the natural world.

Free Verse- poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.

Lesson 7: Experimental Forms

Experimentation is one aspect of all Modernist and Postmodernist poetry, but experimental poetry
makes a special point of innovation, sometimes in the belief that current poetry is stereotyped and
inadequate, but more often for its own sake. Experimentation in the arts is nothing like its counterpart
in science, however, and there are no theories to correspond with observations, fit in with other theories,
or broadly make sense.
Lesson 8: Reading and Critiquing a Poem
THE WRTE WAY TO READ
To critique effectively, you as a reader must now how to identify what works in the poem and
what needs improvement. The comments have to be specific to the work and the element of a poetry
that is being questioned.
Key Aspects in Analyzing an Author’s Style
 Analyzing author's style involves understanding the particular way a piece is written.
 Style in writing is not what is said but how it is said.
 Analyzing author's style involves analyzing the writer's unique way of communicating ideas.
 Styles in writing are created deliberately by the author to convey a specific mood or effect.
 Key aspects in styles of writing include:
1. sentence length, structure, 4. the use of dialogue
variation, and position 5. word choice
2. the use of sensory 6. tone
details, figurative language, and 7. the use of local color
other literary devices 8. the use of irony
3. the use of sound devices–
alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhythm,
repetition