Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
GROSS ANATOMY
1. Standing erect.
2. Upper limbs by the sides.
3. Face and palms of the hands directed forward.
CARDINAL PLANES
OF THE BODY
• Paramedian
DIRECTIONAL TERMS OF
THE HUMAN BODY
Terms Definition Example
Anterior Toward the front of the body. The teeth are anterior to the
throat.
Posterior Toward the back of the body. The brain is posterior to the
eyes.
Dorsal Toward the back. The spine is dorsal to the
breastbone.
Ventral Toward the belly. The navel is ventral to the
spine.
DIRECTIONAL TERMS OF
THE HUMAN BODY
Terms Definition Example
Proximal Closer to a point of The shoulder is proximal to the
attachment. elbow.
Distal Farther from a point of The hand is distal to the wrist.
attachment
Lateral Away from the midline of the The nipple is lateral to the
body. sternum.
Medial Toward the middle or midline The nose bridge is medial to
of the body. the eyes.
DIRECTIONAL TERMS OF
THE HUMAN BODY
Terms Definition Example
Superficial Toward or on the surface. The skin is superficial to the
muscle.
Deep Away or from surface. The lungs are deep to the ribs.
•2 parts:
• Epidermis
• Dermis
•Nails
•Hair follicles
•sebaceous (oil) glands
•sweat glands
NAILS
• The nails are keratinized plates on the dorsal surfaces of the tips of
the fingers and toes.
• Nail root
• Nail folds
• Nail bed
HAIR
• Hair bulbs
• Hair shaft
FASCIA
*Lie between the skin and the underlying muscles and bones.
MUSCLE
3 Types of Muscle:
1. Skeletal muscle
2. Smooth muscle
3. Cardiac muscle
MUSCLE
• Origin
• Insertion
• Belly
• Tendon
JOINTS
•Artery
•Vein
•Capillary
BLOOD VESSELS
•Artery
•Vein
•Capillary
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
NERVOUS SYSTEM
• 2 Major Divisions of the Nervous System:
• Central Nervous System =
• Brain
• Spinal Cord
• Peripheral Nervous System =
• 12 pairs of cranial nerves
• 31 pairs of spinal nerves
• Associated ganglia
NERVOUS SYSTEM
•line the cavities of the trunk and are reflected onto the
mobile viscera lying within these cavities.
•Hyaline cartilage
• Fibrous cartilage
• Elastic cartilage