TCI Scorpio Client PDF

Scorpio Client
User Guide
Manual Number: 0040-8715-15000

Revision L
Prepared By:
47300 Kato Road

Fremont, California 94538
April 2008
The information contained in this document is the intellectual property of TCI. Said information is provided by TCI for Customer
use only and shall not be disclosed to other parties, and shall not be displayed, used or duplicated in whole or in part for any
purpose other than as provided for in the Contract, License and/or other Agreements signed by the parties. This restriction does
not apply to information contained in this document which is in the public domain.
Scorpio Software Users Guide 0040-8715-15000, Rev. L
TCI
SOFTWARE LICENSE
TCI Frequency Monitoring Station (Executable Code)

For the TCI Frequency Monitoring Station computer program, Scorpio Server & Scorpio Client, and
each item of software documentation describing it (hereinafter called the Licensed Software) delivered to
the Customer by TCI for use in the TCI Frequency Monitoring Station. TCI grants to the Customer a non-
exclusive, fully paid-up LICENSE TO USE the Licensed Software in the TCI Frequency Monitoring
Station with which it is delivered for a license term which is the full life of the equipment, and the
customer agrees to be bound by the following terms and conditions:
Customer will not disclose the Licensed Software to any third party unless the Licensed Software has
been made public or with the written consent of TCI.
Customer will not duplicate the Licensed Software or any part thereof in any manner except:
(i) Customer may maintain backup copies of the Licensed Software for replacement of a worn or
damaged copy, for archive purposes or for purposes of program justification, provided such copies
are limited to use with the TCI Frequency Monitoring Station for which the licensed software was
sold; and
(ii) Nothing herein shall be deemed to exclude duplication of anything covered by an expired
copyright, patent or other statutory form of protection.
Customer will not assign the license to use the Licensed Software to any third party.
Subject to the license, TCI reserves all rights to make public, to publish, to copy, to sell, to license
and to execute (perform) the Licensed Software throughout the world, and further reserves all rights
presently obtained or hereafter obtained in the nature of copyright, patent or other form of protection
throughout the world covering the Licensed Software.
Customer agrees that it shall hold the Licensed Software in confidence for TCI. The Customer further
agrees that it shall not make any disclosure of the Licensed Software or any portion thereof (including
method or concepts utilized) to anyone except employees of Customer to whom such disclosure is
necessary for the use for which rights are granted hereunder. Customer shall appropriately notify each
employee to whom any such disclosure is made that such disclosure is made in confidence and must be
kept in confidence by him.
Nothing herein grants to Customer the right to sell, lease or otherwise transfer or dispose of the
Licensed Software in whole or in part to any third party.
This License to Use is granted effective the date of award for the Supply of the Frequency Monitoring
Station.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. SPECTRUM MONITORING DESCRIPTION .............................................................................1-1

1.1 Spectrum Monitoring Client (Scorpio Client)........................................................................1-1
1.2 Spectrum Monitoring Server (Scorpio Server).......................................................................1-2
2. SCORPIO CLIENT BASICS ...........................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Client-Server Connections – Scorpio Server..........................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Interactive Mode.....................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.2 Scheduled (Calendar) Mode ...................................................................................................2-1
2.2 Scorpio Client-Server Connections- Windows Time Service ................................................2-2
2.3 Introduction to the Scorpio Client Software...........................................................................2-2
2.4 Starting the Scorpio Client Software......................................................................................2-2
2.4.1 To Start the Scorpio Server, Turn on the Spectrum Processor ...............................................2-2
2.4.2 To Start the Scorpio Client.....................................................................................................2-2
2.5 Menus .....................................................................................................................................2-3
2.6 Using the Task Bar .................................................................................................................2-6
2.7 Typing and Editing...............................................................................................................2-10
2.8 Exiting the Scorpio Client Software and Shutting Down the System ..................................2-11
2.9 Backing Up and Restoring Files...........................................................................................2-11
2.9.1 Using Backup/Restore..........................................................................................................2-11
2.10 The Scorpio Client Task Management System ....................................................................2-11
3. SPECTRUM MONITORING TASKS ............................................................................................3-1
3.1 Metrics - Task Calendar (Optional)........................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 Entering Task Items................................................................................................................3-2
3.2 Metrics - Task Results (Optional) ........................................................................................3-10
4. SPECTRUM MONITORING DEVICE CONTROL ....................................................................4-1
4.1 Device Control – Homing DF (Optional)...............................................................................4-1
4.2 Device Control – Homing FIX (Optional) .............................................................................4-4
4.3 Device Control – Monitor Receiver (Optional)......................................................................4-6
4.3.1 Antenna Selection Control (Optional)..................................................................................4-10
4.3.2 Audio Switching (Optional) .................................................................................................4-10
4.3.3 Remote Audio Monitoring ...................................................................................................4-12
4.3.4 Audio Recording (Optional).................................................................................................4-13
4.3.5 Audio Playback and Cassette Recording..............................................................................4-16
4.3.6 Audio Source Selection and Volume Control ......................................................................4-17
4.4 Device Control – Pan Display (Optional) ............................................................................4-17
4.4.1 Waterfall Display (Optional)................................................................................................4-19
4.4.2 Spectrogram Plot (Optional) ................................................................................................4-20
4.5 Device Control - Pushbutton DF/Metrics (Optional) ...........................................................4-21
4.5.1 DF Setup...............................................................................................................................4-22
4.5.2 RX Setup ..............................................................................................................................4-23
4.5.3 Polar Histogram....................................................................................................................4-23
4.5.4 DF Results ............................................................................................................................4-24
4.5.5 Tuning Aid ...........................................................................................................................4-25
4.5.6 Map.......................................................................................................................................4-27
4.5.7 Pushbutton Metrics Setup (Optional) ...................................................................................4-29
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0040-8715-15000, Rev. L Scorpio Software Users Guide
4.6 Device Control – Netted DF (Optional) ...............................................................................4-30

4.7 Device Control – Netted FIX (Optional)..............................................................................4-32
4.8 Device Control – Field Strength Mapping (Optional)..........................................................4-34
4.9 Device Control – Spectrum Analyzer (Optional) .................................................................4-36
4.10 Device Control – Map Management ....................................................................................4-39
4.10.1 Display and Control..............................................................................................................4-39
4.10.2 Map Measurement Functions ...............................................................................................4-39
4.10.3 Printing The Map..................................................................................................................4-40
5. SPECTRUM MONITORING TOOLS ...........................................................................................5-1
5.1 Tools – Network Setup...........................................................................................................5-1
5.2 Tools – Spectrum Occupancy (Optional) ...............................................................................5-2
5.3 Tools – Occupancy Results (Optional)...................................................................................5-7
5.4 Tools – DF Scan (Optional) .................................................................................................5-11
5.5 Tools – DF Scan Results (Optional).....................................................................................5-13
5.6 Tools – AVD (Optional).......................................................................................................5-17
5.7 Tools – AVD Results (Optional)..........................................................................................5-19
5.8 Tools - Mission Folders (Optional) ......................................................................................5-22
6. SPECTRUM MONITORING DIAGNOSTICS .............................................................................6-1
6.1 Diagnostics – BIST ................................................................................................................6-1
6.2 Server Workload (Optional) ...................................................................................................6-2
7. SCORPIO SYSTEM ERROR MESSAGES ...................................................................................7-1
7.1 Troubleshooting Guide...........................................................................................................7-1
7.2 BIST Processing Logic...........................................................................................................7-3
APPENDIX A DATABASE MANAGEMENT.............................................................................. A-1
Map Maintenance ............................................................................................................................... A-1
Scorpio Client Database Maintenance................................................................................................ A-4
APPENDIX B SCORPIO ROUTER EXTERNAL INTERFACE (OPTIONAL)...................... B-1
Message: Connection Request............................................................................................................ B-2
Message: Station List Request............................................................................................................ B-3
Message: Station List Response ......................................................................................................... B-4
Message: Station Connect Request .................................................................................................... B-5
Message: Station Connect Response .................................................................................................. B-5
Message: Bearing Measurement Request........................................................................................... B-6
Message: Bearing Measurement Response ........................................................................................ B-7
APPENDIX C SCORPIO ADMINISTRATION (OPTIONAL) .................................................. C-1
APPENDIX D TCI LICENSE FILE DATA FORMAT AND REQUIREMENTS .................... D-1
License File Format............................................................................................................................ D-1
Creating a License File Using Microsoft Excel.................................................................................. D-2
APPENDIX E TCI SERVICE BAND FILE DATA FORMAT AND REQUIREMENTS........ E-1
Service Band File Format................................................................................................................... E-1
APPENDIX F SCORPIO CLIENT REPORTS SETUP AND CONFIGURATION ................. F-1
APPENDIX G SYSTEM SPECIFICS ............................................................................................G-1
ii
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 1-1 Basic Configuration Block Diagram .......................................................................................1-1
Figure 2-1 The Scorpio Client Opening Window .....................................................................................2-3
Figure 2-2 Scorpio Client File Menu ........................................................................................................2-3
Figure 2-3 Scorpio Client View Menu......................................................................................................2-4
Figure 2-4 Scorpio Client Mode Menu .....................................................................................................2-4
Figure 2-5 Scorpio Client Help Menu.......................................................................................................2-5
Figure 2-6 About Scorpio Client Screen...................................................................................................2-5
Figure 3-1 Task Calendar Window...........................................................................................................3-2
Figure 3-2 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Measurement Tab....................................................................3-4
Figure 3-3 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Bandwidth Tab........................................................................3-5
Figure 3-4 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Modulation Tab.......................................................................3-6
Figure 3-5 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Field Strength Tab...................................................................3-7
Figure 3-6 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Frequency Tab ........................................................................3-8
Figure 3-7 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Direction Tab ..........................................................................3-9
Figure 3-8 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Tasking Options Tab.............................................................3-10
Figure 3-9 Scorpio Client Task Results Data Screen..............................................................................3-11
Figure 3-10 Scorpio Client Signal Measurement Text Report Screen....................................................3-13
Figure 3-11 Scorpio Client Signal Measurement Plot Results Data Screen ...........................................3-14
Figure 3-12 Scorpio Client Signal Measurement Polar Results Data Screen .........................................3-15
Figure 4-1 Scorpio Client Homing DF .....................................................................................................4-2
Figure 4-2 Scorpio Client Homing FIX Screen ........................................................................................4-5
Figure 4-3 Scorpio Client Monitor Receiver Screen.................................................................................4-7
Figure 4-4 Scorpio Client Audio Switch Setting Screen ........................................................................4-11
Figure 4-5 Scorpio Client Audio Recorder Dialog Box..........................................................................4-13
Figure 4-6 Scorpio Client Set Recording Wave File Format ..................................................................4-15
Figure 4-7 Scorpio Client Wave File Format Dialog Box ......................................................................4-16
Figure 4-8 Scorpio Client Pan Display Screen .......................................................................................4-18
Figure 4-9 Scorpio Client Pan Display with Waterfall Plot....................................................................4-20
Figure 4-10 Scorpio Client Pan Display with Spectrogram Plot ............................................................4-21
iii
Figure 4-11 Pushbutton DF/Metrics Screen............................................................................................4-27

Figure 4-12 Scorpio Client Map Display Screen (available with the Pushbutton DF/Metrics)..............4-28
Figure 4-13 Pushbutton Metrics Setup....................................................................................................4-29
Figure 4-14 Scorpio Client Netted DF Screen ........................................................................................4-31
Figure 4-15 Scorpio Client Netted FIX Screen.......................................................................................4-33
Figure 4-16 Field Strength Mapping.......................................................................................................4-35
Figure 4-17 Scorpio Client Spectrum Analyzer Screen..........................................................................4-37
Figure 4-18 Scorpio Client Map Display Screen ....................................................................................4-39
Figure 5-1 Scorpio Client Network Setup Station Selection ....................................................................5-1
Figure 5-2 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Screen...........................................................................5-4
Figure 5-3 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Results Screen..............................................................5-8
Figure 5-4 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Screen......................................................................5-11
Figure 5-5 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Results Screen.........................................................5-14
Figure 5-6 Scorpio Client AVD Screen ..................................................................................................5-17
Figure 5-7 Scorpio Client AVD Results Screen .....................................................................................5-19
Figure 5-8 Scorpio Client Mission Folders Screen .................................................................................5-22
Figure 6-1 Scorpio Client BIST Status Dialog Box..................................................................................6-1
Figure 6-2 Server Workload Screen..........................................................................................................6-2
Figure B-1 Remote DFLS Subnet............................................................................................................ B-1
Figure C-1 Scorpio Admin Main Screen ................................................................................................. C-1
Figure C-2 Admin Access Database for Netted DF Audio Screen .......................................................... C-2
Figure C-3 Scorpio Admin Query Netted DF Screen .............................................................................. C-3
Figure C-4 Scorpio Admin Netted DF Screen ......................................................................................... C-4
Figure C-5 Scorpio Admin Map Display Screen ..................................................................................... C-5
Figure C-6 Detailed view of Scorpio Admin Map Screen ....................................................................... C-6
Figure C-7 Scorpio Client Database Query Audio Files Criteria Screen................................................. C-7
Figure C-8 Scorpio Admin Audio Files Database Information Screen ................................................... C-8
Figure C-9 Scorpio Admin Configure Client Screen............................................................................... C-9
Figure C-10 Scorpio Admin Query DF Request/DF Response Screen ................................................. C-10
iv
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 2-1 Scorpio Client File Menu Item Descriptions ............................................................................2-4
Table 2-2 Scorpio Client View Menu Item Descriptions..........................................................................2-4
Table 2-3 Scorpio Client Mode Menu Item Descriptions.........................................................................2-4
Table 2-4 Scorpio Client Status Bar Indicator Item Descriptions.............................................................2-5
Table 2-5 Task Bar Item Descriptions ......................................................................................................2-7
Table 2-6 Scorpio Client Keyboard Editing Commands ........................................................................2-10
Table 3-1 Task Calendar Window Field/Button Item Descriptions..........................................................3-2
Table 3-2 Scorpio Client Calendar Box Color Descriptions.....................................................................3-3
Table 3-3 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Measurement Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions ..................3-4
Table 3-4 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Bandwidth Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions ......................3-6
Table 3-5 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Modulation Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions .....................3-7
Table 3-6 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Field Strength Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions .................3-8
Table 3-7 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Frequency Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions .......................3-8
Table 3-8 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Direction Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions .........................3-9
Table 3-9 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Tasking Options Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions............3-10
Table 3-10 Scorpio Client Task Results Data Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions ..........................3-12
Table 4-1 Scorpio Client Homing DF/Map Display Field/Button Item Descriptions ..............................4-3
Table 4-2 Scorpio Client Homing FIX Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions .......................................4-5
Table 4-3 Scorpio Client Monitor Receiver Field/Button Item Descriptions ...........................................4-7
Table 4-4 Scorpio Client Audio Switch Field/Button Item Descriptions ...............................................4-11
Table 4-5 Scorpio Client Audio Recorder Menu Descriptions...............................................................4-14
Table 4-6 Scorpio Client Audio Record Field/Button Item Descriptions...............................................4-14
Table 4-7 Scorpio Client Set Recording Wave File Format Field/Button Item Descriptions.................4-15
Table 4-8 Scorpio Client Wave File Format Field/Button Item Descriptions ........................................4-16
Table 4-9 Scorpio Client Pan Display Field/Button Item Descriptions ..................................................4-18
Table 4-10 Scorpio Client DF Setup Field/Button Item Description......................................................4-22
Table 4-11 Scorpio Client RX Setup Field/Button Item Description .....................................................4-23
Table 4-12 Scorpio Client Polar Histogram Field Item Description.......................................................4-24
Table 4-13 Scorpio Client DF Results Field Item Description ...............................................................4-24
Table 4-14 Scorpio Client Tuning Aid Field/Button Item Description ..................................................4-25
v
Table 4-15 Scorpio Client Map Display Field/Button Item Description ................................................4-28
Table 4-16 Pushbutton Metrics Setup Field/Button Item Description....................................................4-30
Table 4-17 Scorpio Client Netted DF Field/Button Item Descriptions...................................................4-31
Table 4-18 Scorpio Client Netted FIX Field/Button Item Descriptions .................................................4-34
Table 4-19 Field Strength Mapping Display Field/Button Item Descriptions ........................................4-35
Table 4-20 Scorpio Client Spectrum Analyzer Field/Button Item Descriptions ....................................4-37
Table 4-21 Scorpio Client Map Display Field/Button Item Descriptions...............................................4-40
Table 5-1 Scorpio Client Network Setup Station Selection/Map Display Field/Button
Item Descriptions ..........................................................................................................................5-1
Table 5-2 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Field/Button Item Descriptions .....................................5-5
Table 5-3 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Results Field/Button Item Descriptions ........................5-8
Table 5-4 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Field/Button Item Descriptions ................................5-11
Table 5-5 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Results Field/Button Item Descriptions ...................5-14
Table 5-6 Scorpio Client AVD Field/Button Item Description ..............................................................5-18
Table 5-7 Scorpio Client AVD Results Field/Button Item Description .................................................5-20
Table 5-8 Scorpio Client Mission Folders Field/Button Item Descriptions............................................5-22
Table 6-1 Scorpio Client BIST Field/Button Item Descriptions...............................................................6-1
Table 6-2 Server Workload Field/Button Item Description......................................................................6-3
Table 7-1 Scorpio Client Error Messages Symptom/Solution..................................................................7-1
Table A-1 MapInfo Database Table......................................................................................................... A-1
Table B-1 Message Structure Data Types................................................................................................ B-2
Table B-2 Connection Request Message Contents .................................................................................. B-3
Table B-3 The Station List Request Message .......................................................................................... B-4
Table B-4 The Station List Response Message ....................................................................................... B-4
Table B-5 The Station Connect Request Message................................................................................... B-6
Table B-6 The Station Connect Response Message ................................................................................ B-6
Table B-7 The Bearing Measurement Request Message ......................................................................... B-7
Table B-8 The Bearing Measurement Response Message....................................................................... B-8
Table C-1 Scorpio Admin Main Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions ................................................ C-1
Table C-2 Scorpio Access Database for Netted DF Audio Field/Button Item Descriptions ................... C-2
Table C-3 Scorpio Admin Query Netted DF Field/Button Item Descriptions......................................... C-3
Table C-4 Scorpio Admin Netted DF Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions........................................ C-4
vi
Table C-5 Scorpio Admin Netted DF Map Display Field/Button Item Descriptions .............................. C-6
Table C-6 Scorpio Client Query Audio Files Field/Button Item Descriptions ........................................ C-7
Table C-7 Scorpio Admin Audio Files Database Information Field/Button Item Descriptions .............. C-8
Table C-8 Scorpio Admin Configure Client Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions.............................. C-9
Table C-9 Scorpio Admin Query DF Request/DF Response Field/Button Item Descriptions .............. C-10
Table D-1 License File Fields.................................................................................................................. D-1
Table E-1 Service Band File Fields ......................................................................................................... E-1
vii
1. SPECTRUM MONITORING DESCRIPTION

TCI Model 700-series Spectrum Monitoring System (Scorpio) provides a compact, fully integrated
system, for monitoring and analysis of radio transmission. Depending on the configuration, frequency
coverage is from 20 MHz to 3 GHz; or optionally from 9 kHz to 3 GHz.
Scorpio can operate in various configurations ranging from a single site, mobile or fixed, to a nation-
wide network with multiple operators tasking multiple fixed and/or mobile systems. This capability is
achieved through the use of Client/Server architecture, and through built-in networking capacity. Network
communications between clients and servers are established using industry standard TCP/IP protocol.
In a basic configuration, the TCI Model 700-series consists of one Scorpio Measurement Client
(Scorpio Client) and one Scorpio Measurement Server (Scorpio Server), shown in Figure 1-1. In this
configuration, the system can be installed in a vehicle, or at fixed site.
Figure 1-1 Basic Configuration Block Diagram
1.1 Spectrum Monitoring Client (Scorpio Client)

Scorpio Client is a software application that requires a computer with a Windows operating system.
This software provides an operator with an interface to the measurement Server (Scorpio Server). The
interface includes all functions necessary to request measurements and to receive and analyze the results.
A task calendar, included in the software, allows the operator to schedule multiple measurements in
the future. With this method, the communication between Scorpio Client-Server are needed only when
measurement is being scheduled, or results are being retrieved. Once Scorpio Server has accepted Scorpio
Clients’ tasking, it will execute the required measurements, and store the results. It is up to Scorpio Client
to retrieve the results for the requested measurements.
1-1
This approach is well suited for systems where the communication link between Scorpio Client and
Server is intermittent, as in the case of network communications via cellular phone links.
1.2 Spectrum Monitoring Server (Scorpio Server)

The Scorpio Server consists of a software application that runs on a TCI Spectrum Processor. The
Spectrum Processor performs the entire signal processing using digital signal processing (DSP)
technology. The Spectrum Processor is a VME based system with an embedded PC/AT controller, DSP
processor, A/D converters, VHF/UHF RF downconverters and ancillary equipment. The frequency
coverage of the Spectrum Processor is 20 MHz to 3 GHz and it can be extended down to 9 kHz with the
additional TCI Model 8412 RF unit.
Scorpio Server software was designed for unattended operation, and automatically initializes and
starts operation when power is applied. Scorpio Clients access Scorpio Server resources through
LAN/WAN connection using the TCP/IP protocol. Scorpio Server allows multiple clients to time-share
server measurement resources. All client requests are entered in Scorpio Server calendar, and executed at
the requested time. In the event of scheduling conflicts, the Server resolves them as described later in this
manual.
1-2
2. SCORPIO CLIENT BASICS

The Scorpio Client software operates in different ways depending on the state of the network
connection to a Scorpio Server. When a Scorpio Client is not connected to a Scorpio Server, its operation
is limited to review of the measurement results that have already been retrieved from a Server. Once
Scorpio Client is connected to a Server, it can request new measurements and retrieve the results.
The Scorpio Server software provides two network connections, one for the "Interactive" mode, and
the other for "Scheduled" measurements. A third network connection is provided by the Windows
operating system, which provides time service between Scorpio Server and Clients so that the
applications are synchronized.
2.1 Client-Server Connections – Scorpio Server

Scorpio Client software connects with the Scorpio Server in two modes:
• Interactive mode
• Scheduled mode
These two modes support all Clients’ signal monitoring and measurement activities.
2.1.1 Interactive Mode

Interactive mode allows direct interaction with various functions that provide instantaneous feedback
such as monitor receiver tuning, demodulation selection and pan-display selection. Scorpio Server
software allows only one interactive Scorpio Client connection at a time.
2.1.2 Scheduled (Calendar) Mode

When Scorpio is used in Scheduled mode, a calendar feature in Scorpio Client will attempt to reserve
time slots on Scorpio Server for each measurement the operator schedules. A single Scorpio Server is able
to handle requests from multiple Scorpio Clients.
If more than one request for a specific time slot is received by Scorpio Server, the request will be
handled in one of three ways, depending upon the type of request and its priority:
• Bump the request already scheduled in that time slot. If a request with a higher priority, such as
Pushbutton DF/Metrics, Homing DF, or Netted DF, is scheduled at a time
• Be scheduled into the closest time slot +/- 5 minutes.
• Be returned to the operator with an error message.
Note: A higher priority task, such as Pushbutton, Homing or Netted DF, will bump any lower priority
tasks already scheduled into the same time slot. When all time slots are filled, the scheduling
requests will be refused.
2-1
2.2 Scorpio Client-Server Connections- Windows Time Service

The time on Scorpio Client and server must be synchronized to provide (calendar) scheduled events.
This is achieved by setting Scorpio Client computer time to Scorpio Server time via the Daytime service
available under the Windows operating system.
2.3 Introduction to the Scorpio Client Software

The Scorpio Client application is of a modular design developed for use in many different
environments and system configurations. Features are enabled or disabled dependent upon what options
have been included for your organization.
This Scorpio Client Software Users Guide has been written to discuss all of the possible features of
the Scorpio Client application. Menu options, Taskbar features, and Dialog boxes will change, be
enhanced or restricted to accessing only options that have been included in your specific system
configuration.
2.4 Starting the Scorpio Client Software

The Scorpio Server must be in operation prior to starting the Scorpio Client. This allows processing
time for the Scorpio Client start sequence and validation of the user ID and password. After Scorpio
Server is started, allow ten minutes for full initialization.
The following steps show the desired start-up sequence:
1. Power-up the Scorpio Server
2. Wait 10 minutes for the GPS to acquire and the software to load and initialize.
3. Power-up the Scorpio Client according to instruction 2.4.2.
4. Enter User ID and Password, if asked.
# NOTE: The Spectrum monitoring measurement equipment does not have to be turned on in order
to start up Scorpio Client. However, the equipment will have to be powered on prior to executing
a measurement from a Server. After you verify the operational status of Scorpio Server, you are
ready to operate the Spectrum Monitoring system. The first step is to power up Scorpio Client.
2.4.1 To Start the Scorpio Server, Turn on the Spectrum Processor
Turn on Scorpio Server computer.
Allow 10 minutes for software boot and GPS lock.
2.4.2 To Start the Scorpio Client

1. Turn on Scorpio Client computer. A login dialog box may open when Windows appears.
2-2
2. Type your user ID on the login screen, if asked.

3. Type your password on the login sheet. Your password can contain up to 14 characters and is
case sensitive, if asked.
4. From the Task Bar, select Start Æ Programs Æ Tcibr Æ Scorpio Client or double click the short
cut icon, if provided.
5. A "Select Language" dialog box may appear. Select language of choice.
The Scorpio Client opening screen appears (Figure 2-1).
Title Bar
Menu Bar
Task Bar
Status Bar
Figure 2-1 The Scorpio Client Opening Window
2.5 Menus
The Scorpio Client groups commands in pull-down menus located on the menu bar. Menus can be
accessed with either the mouse or the keyboard.
Figure 2-2 Scorpio Client File Menu
2-3
Table 2-1 Scorpio Client File Menu Item Descriptions
Menu Item Description

Exit Use this command to close the Scorpio Client application.
Figure 2-3 Scorpio Client View Menu
Table 2-2 Scorpio Client View Menu Item Descriptions

Status Bar Selecting this menu item alternately displays and hides the Status Bar. The
elements of the Status Bar are described in Table 2-4.
Figure 2-4 Scorpio Client Mode Menu
Table 2-3 Scorpio Client Mode Menu Item Descriptions

On-line, Off-line Selecting this menu item alternately sets the application in on-line and off-line
operating modes. Scheduling measurements can only be done while on-line;
(optional) review of (already retrieved) measurement data from any server can only be
done while off-line. The current operating mode is also shown.
2-4
Figure 2-5 Scorpio Client Help Menu
Selecting About Scorpio Client from the Help Menu displays the program revision and copyright
notice (Figure 2-6).
Figure 2-6 About Scorpio Client Screen
Table 2-4 Scorpio Client Status Bar Indicator Item Descriptions
Indicator Description
Ready Displays Scorpio Client activity status.
2-5
Table 2-4 Scorpio Client Status Bar Indicator Item Descriptions
Indicator Description
Status of Scorpio Client connection to the Measurement
Down/UP/Connecting… Service. This indicator displays:
Down Connection Down
UP Connection Achieved
Connecting Connection in the process of being
Established
The left area of the Status Bar describes actions of menu
items as you use the arrow keys to navigate through
menus. This area also displays messages that describe the
actions of Task Bar buttons as you ‘click’ them. If after
viewing the description of the Toolbar button command you
wish not to execute the command, then move the pointer
off the Task Bar button and release the mouse button. The
right area of the Status Bar indicates which of the previous
keys are currently in use.
# NOTE: When the mouse cursor is being navigated

within the Map Display window, the left area of the
Status Bar will display the corresponding latitude
and longitude coordinates of the mouse cursor.
Connected to Server Named: "X" Scorpio Client is connected to the specified Scorpio Server.
Trying to get time from Server: Named Status of time synchronization of the measurement service.
"X"
Not connected to any time service Scorpio Client is not connected to the Scorpio Server.
System time adjusted by “X” secs. Scorpio Client computer’s system time has been changed
to be synchronized with the connected Server’s system
time.
On-line/Off-line Indicates the current operating mode, whether on-line or

off-line.
(optional)
Time The current system time.
Date The current system date.
2.6 Using the Task Bar

Table 2-5 describes the "Task Bar" buttons available to the Spectrum Monitoring system. The Task
Bar is displayed on the left side of the Scorpio Client application window. There are Tool bar buttons that
display portions of the application. The buttons are shown in Table 2-5 along with descriptions for each
task. When in Scorpio Client, click on the appropriate button for the task you need to perform.
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Table 2-5 Task Bar Item Descriptions
Task Bar Item Description
Metrics:
Task Calendar
• The Task calendar is used to create and store a measurement assignment

request.
Task Results
• The Task Results folder allows the user to display the results received on the
currently selected Spectrum Monitoring Task.
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Device Control:
Homing DF
• The Homing DF function allows the user to make continuous Direction Finding
(DF) measurements to determine the direction of arrival or azimuth of a signal
of interest. The mobile station uses Homing DF along with GPS to locate
signals of interest.
Homing FIX
• Homing FIX processes the Line of Bearing (LOB) data obtained from each
Homing DF measurement location and calculates the position on the
transmitted signal.
Monitor Receiver
• The Monitor Receiver provides interactive control of the receiver unit.

Pan Display
• The Pan Display shows three types of X-Y plots of Amplitude vs. Frequency
and is used to view signals as they relate to the radio spectrum.
Netted DF
• Netted DF button sends and returns DF request data from two or more sites
for establishing a Netted FIX. Results from the DF request are shown on a
map previously installed in the Scorpio Software.
Netted FIX
• Netted FIX is calculated from Netted DF request results from both local and
remote sites. The DF results are used to perform the FIX calculation when
valid LOBs are returned from at least two different sites.
Pushbutton DF/Metrics
• Pushbutton DF is used to collect DF information at the push of a button. This

function can optionally collect metrics information such as frequency,
modulation, field strength and bandwidth.
Spectrum Analyzer
• The Spectrum Analyzer is used to view a wide (or narrow) range of the
frequency spectrum.
Field Strength Mapping
• Field Strength Mapping is used to measure and display field strength across
frequencies over a geographical area. This feature can only be used with a
mobile station.
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Tools:
Network Setup
• Network Setup allows the user to set up connections to Scorpio Server, which
also gives the user access to configure the map of the area of interest.
DF Scan
• DF Scan screen allows the operator to scan either single or multiple DF

frequencies
DF Scan Results
• The DF Scan Results screen provides all of the DF data required to evaluate
target transmissions. This is the standard display for non-homing mode or
multi-station DF.
Spectrum Occupancy
• Spectrum Occupancy gathers information on long time usage of the frequency

spectrum and helps to identify frequencies that are free from interference.
Occupancy Results
• The Occupancy Results presents the information gathered by Spectrum

Occupancy.
Automatic Violation Detection (AVD)
• The AVD screen allows the user to enter a range of frequency to be measured.
AVD Results
• The AVD Results screen determines whether the frequency transmission is

compliant, non-compliant, not found (signal not found) or unlicensed.
Mission Folders
• Mission Folders stores reports generated by: Task Results, DF Scan Results,
Occupancy Results and AVD Results.
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Diagnostics:
BIST
• The BIST Status screen allows the operator to perform BIST (Built In Self Test)
and obtain BIST status on the Spectrum Processor.
Server Workload
• The Server Workload screen allows the operator to view the tasks that are
scheduled, running, or suspended for the selected server, then make an
informed decision for using that server.
2.7 Typing and Editing

The Spectrum Monitoring system uses standard typing and editing features, including copy and paste.
When you type text, use either the keyboard or mouse to move the insertion point, as with any standard
word processor, such as Microsoft Word for Windows. To move the insertion point with the mouse,
simply point and click. Table 2-6 describes the most useful keyboard movement commands and other
editing commands.
Table 2-6 Scorpio Client Keyboard Editing Commands
Press This Key To Do This

ÍÎÏÐ Move one character or line in the direction the arrow key points.
Ctrl + Í or Î Move one word to the left or right.
Ctrl + Home Move to the top of the document.
Ctrl + End Move to the bottom of the document.
Shift + Arrow key Select text in the direction of the arrow.
Delete Delete the character to the right of the insertion point.
Backspace Delete the character to the left of the insertion point.
Ctrl + Delete Delete the text to the end of the line.
Ctrl + X Cut the selected text item.
Ctrl + C Copy the selected text item.
Ctrl + V Paste the selected text item.
Ctrl + Z Undo the last action.
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2.8 Exiting the Scorpio Client Software and Shutting Down the System
To power down Scorpio Client, you must first exit the Spectrum Monitoring system and then
Windows. Choose File Æ Exit from the main menu to exit the Scorpio Client. A dialog box will then
appear with the message "Do you really want to quit the Scorpio Client Application?" Click [Yes] to exit.
, CAUTION: If you forget to follow the above steps, it is possible to lose some of the data you
have just entered.
Click on the <Start> button then Select Shut Down. You are then presented with the Dialog box
selection to "Shut Down Computer." Click Shut Down Computer and click on Yes. The system performs
an orderly shutdown and you may turn off Scorpio Client computer.
NOTE: Be sure to leave the Spectrum Monitoring system measurement Server equipment powered on.
Scheduled measurements cannot be run unless the equipment is accessible to Scorpio Server.
2.9 Backing Up and Restoring Files

Spectrum Monitoring databases should be backed up regularly according to a preset schedule. Use the
Microsoft Windows Backup program that is accessed from Start Æ Programs Æ Administrative Tools (or
equivalent) menu. All files from the following files should be backed up every day:
• Scorpio Client Computer – c:\Program Files\TCIBR\Scorpio Client\Database
• 8067A Computer – c:\Program Files\TCIBR\Scorpio Server\Measurement Database
• Server Model other than the 8067A – c:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application
Data\TCI\Scorpio\Measurement Database. You may first have to show hidden files and folders.
2.9.1 Using Backup/Restore

You can use Backup to back up files on your hard disk. You can back up files to floppy disks, a tape
drive, or another computer on your network. If your original files are damaged or lost, you can restore
them from the backup. To start the Backup/Restore process:
• You can also start Backup by clicking, Start Æ Programs, Æ Accessories, Æ System Tools (or
equivalent) and then clicking Backup.
• For information about how to use Backup, click the Windows Help menu in Backup.
In the event that a file becomes corrupted, follow the Microsoft Windows Restore process to replace
the corrupted file with a previously backed up version of the file.
2.10 The Scorpio Client Task Management System

The task management system operates on the principle that the system communications are not
reliable. This assumption allows the system to function in a very robust fashion even when the network is
working at a marginal level. Tasks are posted to a scheduler that is responsible for the execution of the
specific task. This scheduler executes the measurement request as specified by the operator and upon
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completion stores the data until it is requested by Scorpio Client application. Scorpio Client application
can then request the data from the task management system at any time after the completion of the
measurement.
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3. SPECTRUM MONITORING TASKS

Part of using the Spectrum Monitoring system is understanding the capabilities of the system. This
chapter introduces you to some of the features you can use to effectively monitor the radio frequency
spectrum. You’ll also learn how to perform the basic functions of the system, such as adding and/or
modifying Spectrum Monitoring Task. The application includes a Taskbar for function selection. These
buttons can be used for quick access to common system functions. Functions are grouped logically with
helpful icons to aid the operator in the proper selection.
Before any Task can be performed, Client must connect to a measurement Server using Network
Setup under the Taskbar Tools item.
3.1 Metrics - Task Calendar (Optional)

A Spectrum Monitoring Task is typically initiated in response to a need. The Task is created in a
calendar called a Task Calendar. This entry contains information related to the particular Task assignment
and consists of instructions, notes, measurement setups, and results. The Scorpio Client performs two
types of measurements: interactive and scheduled. Each type of measurement provides unique
advantages.
Interactive measurements provide access to equipment available in the system for specific monitoring
applications so that you can:
• Perform real-time signal analysis
• Pre-scan the frequency spectrum
• Listen to Signal interference
Scheduled measurements give you the ability to operate the Spectrum Monitoring system unattended.
This feature allows the user to:
• Capture and document important signal information
• Not miss important spectral events
• Coordinate monitoring around the clock
• Monitor the spectrum 24 hours a day
• Take measurements via automated computer
• Free the operator to follow up on measurement results
In addition, multiple types of measurements can be performed in sequence on different bands and at
different times.
• Frequency Measurements
• Modulation Measurements
• Field Strength Measurements
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• Bandwidth Measurements
• Spectrum Occupancy Measurements
• Direction Finding Measurements
3.1.1 Entering Task Items

Task items include measurement setups, and measurement results. When you enter a Task, you
always have the opportunity to give it an identifying name. Once entered, each item is placed into the
Task Calendar and is viewed from the main Task Calendar screen.
Figure 3-1 Task Calendar Window
Table 3-1 Task Calendar Window Field/Button Item Descriptions
Field/Button Item Description

Hour Increment Bar (12a to 12a) This display bar shows Tasks that have been scheduled into a
particular time slot. This is to display all Tasks the have been
scheduled to run within the entire 24 hour period of the day. The
marker color relates to the status of the Task performed.
* HINT: Click on the Hour Increment Bar to scroll the

5-Minute Increments task list.
5 Minute Increment Task list This display region shows a limited amount of 5-minute intervals
with Scroll Bar for scheduled measurements being performed. The user may
scroll up or down to display any 5-minute period of the day.
Desired measurement Tasks are listed with the identification
assigned to them and a colored box that displays the Tasks status.
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Any stored Tasks can be reopened and modified. The Spectrum Monitoring system provides a quick
way to delete, modify, or find a Task.
NOTE: Scheduled DF Measurements (calendared events) will only be displayed for the currently
connected Server. Only one Server will be connected at any one time for Scheduled events.
Entries are made to the calendar by selecting the desired day/time and entering specific measurement
requirements into the customization tabs and then clicking on <Schedule>, located on the "Measurement"
tab. The item entry tabs are discussed below in Table 3-2 through Table 3-9. Placing a check mark into
the box displaying the type of customization desired gives the user access to the additional customization
tabs.
In addition to listing the scheduled Task items, the Task software indicates the item status as follows:
Table 3-2 Scorpio Client Calendar Box Color Descriptions
Task Calendar Box Color Description

Blue “Task” is currently being sent to the Spectrum Processor.
Red “Task” Request has not been sent to; or “Task” Result
confirmation has not been received from the Spectrum Processor.
Green “Task” has been received and scheduled for completion by the
Spectrum Processor.
Yellow “Task” should have been run but confirmation of Task Results has
not yet been received from the Spectrum Processor.
Grey “Task” Results have been successfully retrieved from the

Spectrum Processor and are available for examination.
Red check Mark “Task” is currently selected for viewing or editing.
Optionally, the Task Calendar is capable of identifying and displaying externally generated
measurement results. As an example consider SHF measurements generated from an external Spectrum
Analyzer, where the measurements are stored in files. These files can be loaded and viewed in an external
measurement viewer.
An externally generated measurement result is given the label "EXT" to identify it as an external
measurement. Each external measurement is numbered 1, 2, 3… in the Task Calendar, indicated with "-n"
that appears to the right of the "EXT." The filename used by the operator when saving this file appears in
parenthesis to the right of the number identifier. For example, two external measurements may be labeled
"EXT-1 (filename1.bmp)" and "EXT-2 (filename2.gif)."
External measurement files placed in a subdirectory "External" will be located by the Scorpio
software and will appear in the Task Calendar window based on the date/time of the saved file.
Selecting an external measurement result in the Task Calendar by double clicking it will open the
result for review/printing. There is a setting in the ScorpioClient.ini file so that it is possible to determine
what application (Notepad, Paint, etc.) will launch to open the result files.
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3.1.1.1 Measurement
Central to each scheduled Task, are the measurements you perform to gather required information.
When you enter a scheduled Task, you must specify the following basic characteristics:
• Center frequency
• Bandwidth
• An identifying name
One or more of the following characteristics must be selected for measurement:
• Occupied bandwidth
• Modulation
• Field strength
• Frequency
• Direction
Figure 3-2 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Measurement Tab
Table 3-3 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Measurement Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions

Frequency Allows the user to enter the center frequency you want to measure in this
field.
Bandwidth Allows the user to enter the necessary bandwidth for the modulation mode of
the signal you want to measure in the Bandwidth field.
NOTE: Bandwidth values inconsistent with selected de-modulation mode will
yield inaccurate results.
Identity Allows the user to enter a value for identifying the signal to be measured.
Antenna Allows the user to specify which antenna, from a list of available antennas, to
be used for the metrics measurements. Note that the reference antenna is
always used for the Direction measurements, regardless of antenna selection.
3-4
Table 3-3 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Measurement Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions

Station Name When in "On-line" mode, this shows the currently connected Measurement
Server and cannot be changed. When in "Off-line" mode, all defined
Measurement Servers are listed and can be selected. Any previously
retrieved measurements can be reviewed.
Schedule The <Schedule> button allows you initiate the Task measurement to be
(D) – Delayed scheduled and will contain all parameters that have been specified with the
(I) – Immediate use of the additional tabs.
Clear Clears the entries in all tabs of the currently selected Task.
Remove Removes the currently selected Task from the schedule. If you inadvertently
create an unnecessary Task, or if you no longer need the Task, you can
easily delete it from the mission list.
Check Boxes: These are toggle switches that allow the user to gain access or remove
Bandwidth access to the additional entry tabs that are available. Placing a check mark
Modulation into the box by clicking on it gives the user access to that entry tab.
Field Strength
Frequency
Direction
3.1.1.2 Bandwidth
The "Bandwidth" measurement reported by the signal measurement helps you identify over-
modulated signals and also helps you identify the type of signal you are monitoring. The measurement
works for all signal types including AM, FM, SSB.
Bandwidth measures the occupied bandwidth of the signal. You can select the one of the following
bandwidth analysis methods:
• Beta %dB - measures the occupied bandwidth using the β 99% method
• xdB - measures the occupied bandwidth using the x-dB method
• Averaging Method - provides options by which to average the measurement data
• Measurement Time – provided optional Dwell and Repeat times.
Figure 3-3 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Bandwidth Tab
3-5
Table 3-4 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Bandwidth Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions

Beta %dB Setup This method finds the bandwidth within which β% of the energy is
Checkbox contained. A typical value for β is 99% for this measurement Server to
Y (dB) collect a block of data and calculate the power spectrum using FFT. It
Beta (%) repeats the collection and FFT process using specified averaging method
processing for a specified dwell time. Next it estimates the noise floor and
zeros out all FFT bins that are less than Y dB above the noise. A typical
value for Y is 6 dB.
xdB Setup Checkbox This method finds the frequency limits such that all spectrum components
X1 (dB) outside these limits are at least x dB below a 0-dB reference level. Since
X2 (dB) the occupied bandwidth is the value that is regulated (No. 147 of Radio
Regulations), this method is not the preferred one. In order to obtain better
agreement with the occupied bandwidth measurement, the values of x vary
with modulation type and have been empirically determined.
Averaging Method: Select on of the averaging methods to average the results from each
Mean measurement repetition. Selection of the Averaging Method in the
RMS Bandwidth Tab is independent of other choices of Averaging Method. For
Max Hold example: The user may set a “Mean” Averaging Method in Bandwidth, and
an “RMS” Averaging Method in the Modulation Tab.
Measurement Time: Dwell sets the measurement duration in milliseconds. Repeat allows the
Dwell (ms) user to specify how many times to repeat the measurement.
Repeat
3.1.1.3 Modulation
The "Modulation" tab allows the user to set modulation characteristics of the signal in the selected
modulation modes. The system is capable of measuring "Amplitude," "Frequency," and "Phase
modulation."
Figure 3-4 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Modulation Tab
3-6
Table 3-5 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Modulation Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions

Measurement For AM signals, the modulation depth m is measured. This is defined as:
Selection: m = (Emax – Emin)/(2Ec) where Emax and Emin are the maximum and
Amplitude minimum amplitudes of the modulated signal and Ec is average amplitude
Frequency of the signal.
Phase
For FM signals, the primary measurement is the frequency deviation.
For PM signals, the primary measurement is the phase deviation. This is
measured similarly to the FM measurements.
Averaging Method: Select one of the averaging methods to average the results from each
Mean measurement repetition. Selection of the Averaging Method in the
RMS Modulation Tab is independent of other choices of Averaging Method. For
Max Hold example: The user may set a “Mean” Averaging Method in Bandwidth, and
an “RMS” Averaging Method in the Modulation Tab.
Measurement Time: ‘Dwell’ sets the measurement duration in milliseconds. “Repeat” allows the
Dwell user to specify how many times to repeat the measurement.
Repeat
3.1.1.4 Field Strength

"Field Strength" tab allows the user to measure the field strength of the signal. Field strength
measurements provide detailed information to determine the adequacy of radio signal strength and the
effectiveness of the transmission source. It measures field strength at a specific frequency. Each time the
operation is executed, the Spectrum Monitoring system will measure the field strength of a specified
signal. This is primarily utilized in mobile measurement applications. You can use field strength
measurement to:
• Determine the adequacy of a radio signal strength and the effectiveness of the source transmitter
• Ensure compliance with the relevant radio regulations
• Measure spatial-distribution of field strength
• Measure variation of field strength due to shadowing and other loss mechanisms
• Determine the interference effects of a given intentional radio emission (electromagnetic
compatibility)
• Measure propagation phenomena
Figure 3-5 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Field Strength Tab
3-7
Table 3-6 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Field Strength Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions

Measurement Selection: Specifies the type of detector used during field strength
Average Linear measurements.
Average Log
RMS
Peak
Averaging Method: Select one of the averaging methods to average the results from
Mean each measurement repetition. Selection of the “Averaging Method”
RMS in the “Field Strength” tab is independent of other choices of
Max Hold “Averaging Method.” For example: The user may set a “Mean”
“Averaging Method” in “Bandwidth” and an “RMS” “Averaging
Method” in the “Modulation Tab.”
Measurement Time: Dwell sets the measurement duration in milliseconds. Repeat

Dwell allows the user to specify how many times to repeat the
Repeat measurement.
3.1.1.5 Frequency
The "Frequency" tab allows the user to measure the center frequency of the signal.
Figure 3-6 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Frequency Tab
Table 3-7 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Frequency Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions

Frequency Measurement Method used to measure frequency.
Method:
Instantaneous Frequency
Averaging Method Select one of the averaging methods to average the results from
Mean each measurement repetition. Selection of the “Averaging Method”
RMS in the “Frequency Tab” is independent of other choices of
Max Hold “Averaging Method.” For example: The user may set a “Mean”
“Averaging Method” in “Bandwidth” and an “RMS” “Averaging
Method” in the “Modulation Tab.”
Measurement Time: “Dwell” sets the measurement duration in milliseconds. “Repeat”

Dwell allows the user to specify how many times to repeat the
Repeat measurement.
3-8
3.1.1.6 Direction
The "Direction" tab allows the user to specify or alter existing DF entries. When performing DF, the
user may specify a confidence value for the signal of interest being tasked. This window also allows the
user to specify a bandwidth to be used if it varies from that used in the "Measurement" tab.
Figure 3-7 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Direction Tab
Table 3-8 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Direction Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions
Confidence The Confidence factor (CF) allows the user to set a confidence
value in percent. Confidence ranges from 1 to 99, with 99 being
high confidence. A typical value for confidence is 80*.
Bandwidth Bandwidth allows the user to enter the necessary bandwidth for
the modulation mode of the signal you want to measure in the
Bandwidth field.
Polarization (optional) Polarization allows the user to perform the measurement(s) using
the vertical or horizontal components of the antenna, if available.
Use this Bandwidth (not Check this box to specify whether to use the Bandwidth entered
Measurement BW) into the Measurement Tab or the Bandwidth entered above.
Measurement Duration Dwell sets the measurement duration in milliseconds. Cuts allow
Dwell the user to specify how many times to repeat the measurement.
Cuts
NOTE: Server software will finish the DF measurement when
either of those two parameters reaches specified value.
*Note: The confidence number returned from the measurement is based on how well the amplitude and
phase from each antenna matches the computed answer. A perfect agreement will return a
confidence of 99. Due to multipath propagation, it is difficult to always have perfect agreement. A
confidence of 80 will provide a useable DF.
3.1.1.7 Tasking Options

The "Tasking Options" tab allows the user to attach additional scheduling requirements to a Task.
The user can schedule the Task to be run immediately or can delay it running for any time later. Tasks can
also be scheduled to be run only at the time specified (assuming the equipment you’ve selected is
available) or when convenient. The Scheduling tab also allows you to schedule how often and how many
times you want the measurement to be executed.
3-9
Figure 3-8 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Tasking Options Tab
Table 3-9 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Tasking Options Tab Field/Button Item Descriptions

Tasking Selection: Select when you want the measurement to begin in the Start field.
You can select:
Immediate • Immediate - to start the measurement at the present time.
Delayed • Delayed - to start the measurement at a later time
Delayed Scheduling Options: If you select Delayed: You can specify the Task to be run when it
Convenient is convenient for the Scorpio Server to run it. If a measurement
Rigid must be made at a certain time, then the Rigid button should be
Repeat chosen to confirm that the measurement time should not be varied
Task Count upon. The user can also specify whether or not this measurement
Period should be repeated.
Repeat Options If the user has chosen that this Task be repeated, a Task count
Task Count must be specified. Period defines the interval between repetitions.
Period
3.2 Metrics - Task Results (Optional)

After a measurement is complete, the results for the measurement can be viewed and evaluated to
determine what actions may need to be taken, if any. The decisions you make regarding the appropriate
action depend on the policies of your organization and management. No recommendations are made here.
When the signal measurement is complete, you can view, print or save a report that summarizes the
data that was collected. Click on the desired Task in the Task Calendar to select it. Then click the Task
Results button in the Metrics tool bar to display the results.
Measurement results can be viewed in reports that can be viewed, printed, and imported into
Microsoft Word for windows. In addition to all information relative to a measurement setup and a
summary of its results, reports include the following information:
• Task Data
• Date
• Time
3-10
• Frequency
• Bandwidth
• Identity
• Requested Measurements
• Type
• Subtype – various type may have more than one method of measurement
• Result
• Graphical Data
# NOTE: The measurement must have been completed and confirmation received back from the
Spectrum Processor in order to view the results.
Figure 3-9 Scorpio Client Task Results Data Screen
3-11
Table 3-10 Scorpio Client Task Results Data Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions

Task Data Task Data displays the basic specifications given to this Task. The
date and time the Task was requested to run, the center frequency
the bandwidth and the Identity assigned.
Requested Measurements Requested Measurements itemizes and summarizes all entries made
in the Task Calendar tabs. Measurement type, method, parameters,
and results are shown.
Spectrum Analysis Dependent upon the currently selected Requested Measurement

Onscreen Display Plot Type, this Onscreen Display changes to show the following plot
Beta types:
• Spectrum Analysis: Beta%, xdB bandwidth
• Probability Distribution: AM, FM, PM modulation
• Histogram: DF
• Polar: DF
# NOTE: Viewing additional Requested Measurement Type

charts can be accomplished by selecting the corresponding
graph entry.
# NOTE: You can view either Histogram or Polar charts for

the DF Results. To switch between the two, press the Dir
Finding” measurement type in the “Requested Measurements”
tabular display.
Print Preview This area displays a preview of how the printed textual or plotted
report will look once printed.
Reports Once clicked on, these toggle switches for text and plot toggle the
Text display of the results reports. When the check box for text is on, the
Plot textual preview will be displayed. When the check box for Plot is on,
the plotted results data will be displayed.
Save This saves the report to disk.
Preview Dependent upon the Text and Plot check boxes, the Preview button
displays how the report will look once printed. If you mark both Report
checkboxes for previewing, you may select between the two under
the preview screen’s “Window” menu.
Print Prints the results report.
3-12
Figure 3-10 Scorpio Client Signal Measurement Text Report Screen
3-13
Figure 3-11 Scorpio Client Signal Measurement Plot Results Data Screen
3-14
Figure 3-12 Scorpio Client Signal Measurement Polar Results Data Screen
3-15
4. SPECTRUM MONITORING DEVICE CONTROL

4.1 Device Control – Homing DF (Optional)
The "Homing DF" feature gives the operator the ability to quickly and easily locate the source of an
emitter using a mobile monitoring station(s). It provides a direction indicator to the emitter relative to that
of the vehicle. The "Homing Mode" results are displayed on the integrated map display.
The "Homing DF" feature covers the entire valid frequency range. DF measurements determine the
direction of arrival or azimuth of a signal of interest with regard to both relative to the vehicle and True
North direction. This directional information is also referred to as the line of bearing (LOB) data.
A DF measurement gathers LOB data from the mobile station Tasked with a DF request. The DF
results are displayed as LOBs on a map. The LOBs are drawn as a line segment from the location of the
vehicle (when the DF measurement was taken) to the edge of the map, in the direction of the returned
azimuth. The software processes the LOB data obtained from each DF measurement location and
calculates the position or "FIX" on the transmitted signal. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is
utilized to record DF station location in reference to the Signal of Interest being Tasked.
Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques are used to determine the azimuth angle of arrival of any
signal of interest (azimuth angle is measured from magnetic north). The DF measurement method used in
the Spectrum Monitoring system is an implementation of the Correlative Interferometry technique as
described in the ITU Spectrum Monitoring Handbook.
# NOTE: A DF result consists of a bearing and the GPS location of the measurement server. If for
some reason the GPS unit is offline, Scorpio Server will return the value stored in its
“equipcontrol.ini” file. The default value is set to training server location. This value is found in
the “gps” section of the file under the “location =” key.
# NOTE: Double-clicking at the edges of the Relative Bearing chart causes the chart to “pop-up.”
This element when “popped-up” is detached from its parent screen and displayed in a
separate window which can be repositioned and resized
4-1
Figure 4-1 Scorpio Client Homing DF
You can use DF to:

• Locate unauthorized transmitters
• Locate transmitters in distress situations
• Locate interfering transmitters which cannot be identified by other means
• Locate sources of harmful interference of reception, such as electrical equipment, defective
insulators on a power line, and other interference
• Identify transmitters, both known and unknown
4-2
When the "Homing DF" dialog is active, an immediate DF measurement is requested at regular
intervals. The interval used is the number of seconds as shown in the "Repeat Rate" pull-down list. As
each DF Result is received, the LOB, from the location of the mobile DF station to the emitter is
displayed on the Relative Bearing Chart. The LOB is displayed as a needle pointing towards the emitter,
relative to the direction the mobile DF station was facing at the time of the measurement. If the needle is
pointing "Right," then the emitter is somewhere to the right of you. If the needle is pointing "Forward,"
the emitter is somewhere in front of you, and so on. Only the five most recent LOBs are displayed on the
chart. The most recent LOB received is displayed in yellow and the previous four are displayed in Grey.
When a DF measurement is requested, certain information is sent along with the request, including
the frequency, bandwidth, confidence factor, and priority of the request. The frequency and bandwidth
values are taken from the "Frequency" and "IF Bandwidth" options on the "Monitor Receiver’s" dialog
box. The confidence factor is selected by the operator using the associated "Confidence Factor (CF)"
spinner control. The priority is higher than that of other measurements (as from the Task Calendar
window) and is selected internally by the system. Only those LOBs that have a measured confidence
factor and SNR that meet the operator entered confidence and SNR values are displayed.
The most recent LOB is always displayed on the "Relative Bearing Chart," but not always on the
Map. There are three rules by which a LOB is displayed on the Map: It is the first LOB returned, it is
selected for display when the operator presses the <DF Update> button, or it is selected from the
"Homing FIX" dialog. By pressing the <DF Update> button, the most recently returned bearing is
included in the current Homing DF “Mission.” All included bearings are maintained, and may be used in
a FIX calculation. Not including bearings is useful in a mobile system when trying to locate a fixed
emitter.
The Map displays vehicle positions as a red square, and bearings as colored lines. All of the displayed
bearings are automatically used to perform FIX calculation and any wild bearings rejected by the FIX will
be colored yellow, while accepted bearings will be colored red.
The Homing DF dialog works in conjunction with the Homing FIX dialog. All included bearings are
given to the Homing FIX dialog. When a specified number of bearings are included (selected in the
“Auto-FIX Rate” pull-down list), a FIX is automatically calculated based on the most recent, specified
bearings. These bearings can be seen and either selected/deselected in the FIX window.
Table 4-1 Scorpio Client Homing DF/Map Display Field/Button Item Descriptions

Relative Bearing Chart This directional “indicator” displays the source of the emitter relative to
the direction of the mobile station. For instance, if the mobile station
turns directly into the signal, the Relative Bearing Chart will display a
pointer emitting from 360 degrees whereas if the signal is coming
directly from the right side of the front of the mobile unit, the display
pointer will indicate 90 degrees.
Fix Results Displays the Latitude and Longitude in degrees:minutes:seconds or

Lat, Lon Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) results of the last FIX obtained.
UTM
Network Audio (optional) When selected, audio is routed from the measurement server to the
client.
4-3
Table 4-1 Scorpio Client Homing DF/Map Display Field/Button Item Descriptions

DF Measurement Displays the currently set frequency and bandwidth parameters as set
Parameters on the Monitor Receiver. The CF allows the user to set a minimum
Freq confidence value. The SNR allows the user to set a minimum Signal-
Bw to-Noise ratio value.
CF, SNR (optional) Polarization allows the user to perform the measurement(s) using the
Polarization (optional) vertical or horizontal components of the antenna, if available.
Auto-FIX Rate This item sets the number of bearing reports to be used when
calculating a FIX.
Repeat Rate This item sets the number of seconds that elapse between DF
requests.
DF Update This button takes the Bearing results just received and places them
into the FIX screen for use in calculating a FIX.
Automatic Updates When selected, all Bearing results received are placed into the FIX
screen for use in calculating a FIX (this provides an automatic way to
perform a “DF Update”).
DF Request Sends an immediate request for DF measurement to the Spectrum

Processor.
Export to File, <…> When selected, both the DF measurement request and Bearing result
(optional) is appended to an external file. This file is a comma-delimited text file.
Each DF request and result is displayed on a separate line.
Pressing the <…> button allows the user to select both the name and
location of the external file to be used.
4.2 Device Control – Homing FIX (Optional)

After desired line of bearing data has been obtained, the user may request a FIX for a target. Figure
4-2 is the FIX calculation screen. The operator selects the line of bearing data that will be used for the
calculation by selecting each one and clicking the <Calculate Fix> button.
4-4
Figure 4-2 Scorpio Client Homing FIX Screen
Table 4-2 Scorpio Client Homing FIX Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions

Fix Results Displays the Latitude and Longitude (in degrees:minutes:seconds) or
Lat, Lon Universal Transverse Mercator results of the last FIX obtained.
UTM
Use range data When selected, range data (if available) will be used when performing a FIX
(optional) calculation. Range data for each DF Result are displayed below each
Bearing Selection button.
Calculate FIX When used, this button will calculate a FIX based on the Bearing Selection
buttons, and optional range data, that are chosen.
Remove All Allows the user to remove all bearing selections and clear the screen.
4-5
Table 4-2 Scorpio Client Homing FIX Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions

Bearing Selection These buttons allow the user to select which Bearings to use to calculate a
[ Azimuth in degrees FIX. Bearing selections are added as DF requests are returned from the
(Signal Strength in Spectrum Processor.
dBm) ]
4.3 Device Control – Monitor Receiver (Optional)

Most traditional receivers have separate Pan IF displays for displaying just a portion of the RF
spectrum. TCI’s solution provides this functionality as a "Receiver Virtual Control Panel" on the
computer monitor. This Virtual Control Panel (VCP) has familiar controls associated with typical stand-
alone receivers, providing interactive control of the receiver unit. The screen includes controls for
frequency, modulation, and amplitude control. Receiver status information will be displayed on the same
screen. The receiver audio may be routed through the audio distribution system. Figure 4-3 shows an
example of the receiver "VCP."
The "Monitor Receiver" dialog box allows you to set up a specific receiver to perform signal
measurements. The virtual receiver display allows you to view the signal being monitored in a real-time
frequency domain. Multiple receiver controls provide the capability to analyze and capture signal
characteristics.
4-6
Figure 4-3 Scorpio Client Monitor Receiver Screen
# NOTE: Double-clicking inside the Pan chart causes the chart to “pop-up.” This element when
“popped-up” is detached from its parent screen and displayed in a separate window
which can be repositioned and resized
Table 4-3 Scorpio Client Monitor Receiver Field/Button Item Descriptions

Meter Drop-list that allows selection between “RF Level” and “Off.” When “RF Level”
is selected the numeric value and LED control representing the RF Level for
the current receiver settings display; when “Off” is selected the LED control
below will be disabled and the numeric value is not displayed.
LED A horizontal bar graph representing current RF Level in dBm. When the Meter
drop list is set to “RF Level,” this control is disabled when the Meter drop list is
set to “Off.”
4-7

Frequency The edit field displays the currently tuned frequency. The control can be
manually edited, or incremented and decremented using the spin control
buttons below it. When switching to the Pan Display dialog, the frequency is
also the value passed on to the Pan Display dialog box.
# Note: In some implementations of the Scorpio Client application

receiver frequency can be changed by positioning the cursor over the
desired signal in the “Tuning Aid” window and clicking the left mouse
button.
IF Bandwidth This drop-list provides selections between filters that may be used during
monitoring to exclude unwanted signals or noise from the signal of interest.
Possible values are dependent on the selection made in the “Det mode” field
current frequency band and type of server currently connected. Possible
values include, but not limited to:
• 300 kHz for HF band
• 1 kHz, 3 kHz, 6 kHz for both HF and VHF
• 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz, 100 kHz, 150 kHz for VHF
The control is set to the BW last selected when launching the program.
The vertical red lines on the PAN display show the current receiver bandwidth
setting. The area between the red lines is the receiver IF bandwidth. All signals
outside the red lines will not be heard during monitoring operations.
Step Size This drop-list specifies how much the Frequency will increase or decrease
when the spinner controls are used. Standard values are 10 Hz, 100 Hz,
1 kHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz and 1 MHz. Values from the Spectrum Occupancy
drop-list are also included.
< > (FrequencySpinner Controls). The spinner controls emulate a standard

receiver-tuning knob. Clicking the left spinner button would decrease the
frequency by the specified stepsize, and clicking the right spinner button will
increase the frequency by the specified stepsize. Holding down any of the
spinner controls will step increase/decrease the frequency continuously by the
specified stepsize, until the button is released.
Det Mode This drop-list provides several demodulation options or detection modes to
allow the operator to listen to modulated signals. Possible values depend on
the current frequency band. Possible values are AM, CW, USB, and LSB for
any band. An “FM” value is valid only for “VHF” bands. The control is set to
“AM” by default the first time the dialog box is displayed after launching the
program.
4-8

BFO The edit field controls the Beat Frequency Offset from the carrier and is
displayed in kHz. This control is only enabled when the CW Det Mode is
selected. Possible range of values are from –8000 to 8000 kHz in 10 kHz
steps by using spinner controls, or a value can be typed in. This control is
disabled by default the first time the dialog box is displayed after launching the
program.
# NOTE: The BFO option is available for CW mode only.

AGC This drop-list provides control of the receiver’s behavior to noise and fading.
Possible values and their respective equivalents in units of time are:
• Fast = 100 msec
• Medium = 500 msec.
• Long = 2 seconds
# NOTE: These values can be changed by editing the settings in the

Initialization file (ScorpioClient.ini)
The control is set to “Fast” by default the first time dialog box is displayed after
launching the program.
Tuning Aid This X-Y plot displays frequency versus amplitude. The vertical red lines on
the PAN display show the current receiver IF Bandwidth setting. The area
between the red lines is the receiver passband. The tick mark labels below the
graph show the PAN Centerline frequency and PAN bandwidth’s frequency.
This button toggles the request for PAN data. When receiving PAN data, the
Run/Stop button is labeled “Stop,” and when clicked it stops requesting and therefore
Bandwidth stops displaying the PAN data. When no PAN data is being received, the
button is labeled “Run.” When “Run” is clicked, the program begins requesting
PAN data from the receiver.
Vertical scaling is fixed at 10 dB per division.
Recorder… This button displays the Audio Recorder dialog box.

(optional)
Switch… (optional) This button displays the Audio Switch Settings dialog box.
Pan Bandwidth This drop-list controls how much of the spectrum will be displayed by the PAN
window. The values are dependent on the type of server currently connected.
Possible values include, but are not limited to:
• 1.25 kHz, 2.5 kHz, 5 kHz, 12.5 kHz, and 25 kHz for HF bandwidths
• 5 kHz, 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50kHz, 100 kHz, and 300 kHz for VHF
bandwidths.
Reference Level This drop-list controls the base value of the amplitude (y-axis) in the PAN
display. Example selections are –60 dBm, -80 dBm, -100 dBm, -120 dBm, -
140 dBm, and -160 dBm.
The reference line position is fixed at the bottom of the display.
4-9

Antenna (optional) Allows the user to specify which antenna, from a list of available antennas, to
be used for monitoring.
Network Audio When selected, audio is routed from the measurement server to the client.
(optional)
Squelch (optional) When selected, audio from the measurement server is squelched (muted)
when the RF Level falls below the selected squelch level.
Peak Hold When selected, the Pan trace is generated using only the maximum levels.
Average % When selected, the Pan trace is generated by using a running average, with
the most recent Pan trace averaged with the average of all previously received
Pan traces. The most recent Pan trace is weighted according the selected
Average % (e.g., if selected an Average % of 70%, the most recent Pan trace
is weighted as 30%).
4.3.1 Antenna Selection Control (Optional)

Both Scorpio client and server are modified to support multiple choices of the monitoring antenna
(Ref which is the standard antenna or Aux N which are customer supplied auxiliary antenna(s)). The
server software maintains the antenna selection. The client receives the current antenna selection from the
connected server. The client can also change the antenna selection, but only after it has received currently
selected antenna values from the server.
4.3.2 Audio Switching (Optional)

The Communications network allows for data and audio communications between all stations. In
normal operation, each subsystem will operate independently, although it is possible to communicate
between subsystems. The network communications has to be UP for audio routing between stations to be
operational.
Using dialup phone lines, any site is capable of monitoring and/or storing audio from another site.
These functions are provided using an audio switch and sound cards. The Spectrum Processor computer
has a built-in audio switch and one sound card. The other sound card is located in the local Scorpio Client
workstation.
Another major function of the system is the capability to transfer and play digitized audio files (.wav)
between all stations.
Audio distribution at the Control Centers is achieved using a standalone software package to control
all aspects of audio distribution and digitized audio storage/playback.
4-10
Figure 4-4 Scorpio Client Audio Switch Setting Screen
Table 4-4 Scorpio Client Audio Switch Field/Button Item Descriptions
Audio Predefined Settings Allows the user to select one of the predefined audio settings.
Description: (Input – Available options for selected audio routing.

Output)
Pickup Phone If selected, 8067 phone port goes off-hook.
Hangup Phone If selected when dialing another station, remote 8067 phone port goes
on-hook.
Auto Answer These radio buttons sets the remote telephone Auto Answer mode to
On, or Off. The remote telephone will be answered upon detection of a
Off ring.
On
Type (Not Used). Voice (Audio) is transmitted via telephone lines.

Data
Voice
OK Accepts the selections made and closes this dialog.
Cancel Does not accept the selections made and closes this dialog.
Apply Accepts the selections made but does not close this dialog.
4-11
4.3.2.1 Telephone Interface

In order to receive audio inputs from remote stations, an operator must initiate a phone call to the
desired station. When the call is detected at the remote station, the remote station will automatically
answer the phone and connect audio to the line. The Telephone Interface Unit allows the operator to
select a phone line and manually dial into a remote station to establish the audio link.
4.3.2.2 Remote Monitoring and Digital Recording (Optional)

An operator remotely opens an 8067 receiver at a fixed or mobile station, and tunes the receiver to the
desired frequency. Using the panoramic display, verify the desired signal is currently on air.
The operator dials into the remote station to establish the receiver audio connection. Using the
NiceCall software application, route the audio to one or both of the headset channels. Adjust the receiver
frequency and demodulation parameters as necessary.
If desired, use the NiceCall software application to set up digital recording of the signal. At this point,
the operator will enter "chunk" data, to include:
• Audio File Name
• CC and Remote Station Locations
• Frequency
• Date/Time
• Comments
The CC operator can then set up additional channels for monitoring/recording if desired using the
above steps.
If the files are to be transferred over the data network to other fixed or mobile stations, they must be
saved as ".wav" files.
Any station in the network using drive sharing and mapping into the network can access digitized
audio files.
4.3.3 Remote Audio Monitoring

It is assumed that when an operator wants to use resources at a remote station, he will select the
desired station from the station list, and will then have full control of that station. For any site to access
audio at a remote site, select the "Remote Monitoring from CC" option.
1. The operator selects desired station, and uses Monitor Receiver dialog to tune to desired
frequency. He then verifies the signal is present on the "Tuning Aid" screen.
2. The operator uses the "Audio Switch Setting" dialog to instruct the remote Spectrum Processor
audio phone port to automatically answer phone when ring is detected. At this time, the remote
audio switch will be commanded to route receiver audio to the phone port.
3. The operator initiates a phone call to Fixed or Mobile 8067 audio phone port. The Spectrum
Processor will automatically answer the phone, and the operator can listen to the audio over the
phone line.
4-12
4. When the operator is finished monitoring the remote station audio, clicking on <Hangup> will
disconnect (takes on-hook) the 8067 phone port, thereby disconnecting the phone.
4.3.4 Audio Recording (Optional)

The following steps are used at the Fixed and Mobile stations to record/playback receiver audio at
Scorpio Client workstation.
1. The operator uses the "Monitor Receiver – Connected" dialog to tune the receiver to the desired
frequency.
2. To initiate recording, the operator can select the <Recorder…> button to automatically route the
receiver audio to Scorpio Client sound card and to start digital recording.
3. This will bring up the "Digital Audi Recorder" dialog.
4. Audio can also be played back through this Dialog.
Figure 4-5 Scorpio Client Audio Recorder Dialog Box
# NOTE: The operator must mute the live audio if desired from the audio mixer panel
4-13
Table 4-5 Scorpio Client Audio Recorder Menu Descriptions

File Allows the user to open a file, save a file, save a file as a different name or
close the file.
Options Provides for selections for Recording in different file formats.
Table 4-6 Scorpio Client Audio Record Field/Button Item Descriptions

Shows the length of the “.wav” file in minutes:seconds.
Controls These controls are standard to most recording decks and

applications. Play (>), Pause (||), and Stop () are used to control
playback. The next button toggles between time elapsed and time
remaining. Record (z) is pressed when the user want to record
the desired signal. Rewind (<<), and Fast Forward (>) are used to
maneuver through the “.wav” file.
This box displays the file name being reviewed as well as the time
scale that the user may use to “scroll” though it.
Wav Information If checked, the additional “Wav File Information” portion of the
dialog box is opened.
File Information Stored with the “.wav” file audio information, is the Name, Latitude,
Longitude, Frequency in MHz, Bandwidth and demodulation mode
of the received signal.
Time Stamp This Time Stamp shows the day of the week, calendar date, and
time of day the audio information was intercepted.
Audio recording control is located on the workstation and Digital recording is performed on the
workstation’s sound card. The record process automatically routes audio from the receiver to both
channels of the recorder and passes the real time audio to the operator headset.
When the stop button is clicked on, the record dialog box automatically closes and saves the data into
a windows wave (.wav) file. The wave file name reflects the start time of the recording.
4-14
Figure 4-6 Scorpio Client Set Recording Wave File Format
Table 4-7 Scorpio Client Set Recording Wave File Format Field/Button Item Descriptions
Compression These settings are Sound Card specific. All default values are preset.
# Channels
Samples/Sec
4-15
Figure 4-7 Scorpio Client Wave File Format Dialog Box
Table 4-8 Scorpio Client Wave File Format Field/Button Item Descriptions

Format Tag These settings are Sound Card specific. All default values are preset.
# Channels
Samples/Sec
Avg Byte/sec
Block Align
Bits/sample
File Information Stored with the “.wav” file audio information, is the Name, Latitude,
Name Longitude, Frequency in MHz, Bandwidth and demodulation mode of the
Lat. received signal.
Lon.
Freq (MHz)
BW (MHz)
RX Mode
Time Stamp This Time Stamp shows the day of the week, calendar date, and time of day
the audio information was intercepted.
4.3.5 Audio Playback and Cassette Recording

Audio files can be played back anytime using the NiceCall software application. Audio can be played
back at the same time as other channel audio is being recorded. The file name indicates the recording start
time. The operator selects the file to play back from the file selection drop down list. It is not possible to
listen to played-back audio and record at the same time. If the user selects the record button, the digital
audio file currently under review is closed and the Audio recording process takes place.
4-16
1. Using the NiceCall software application, select the desired audio file for playback.
2. Route audio to the desired output (headset, tape recorder, or other output port).
3. Use Nicecall software to start, stop, etc.
4. If cassette dubbing is desired, route audio output to the tape recorder, and set the tape recorder up
accordingly.
The operator can also transfer the audio output to a remote site using the telephone interface in the
output port. Use the NiceCall software to initiate the phone call to the remote site. When the connection is
established, the played back audio will be transferred over the phone line.
4.3.6 Audio Source Selection and Volume Control

The sound card mixer is used to provide the audio source selection. The operator selects a mixture of
live receiver audio, wave file audio and system alerts. The volume and balance for each source may be
controlled as required. Any source may be quickly muted using the "mute" check box provided. The
record input level is controlled from this panel as well. The operator selects the input level using the
microphone volume control selection.
4.4 Device Control – Pan Display (Optional)

The Panoramic or PAN display is an X-Y plot of signal amplitude versus frequency. This type of
display is very useful in viewing signal relationships in the radio spectrum, and is generally referred to as
a tuning aid. The PAN display includes bandwidth selection, frequency separation measurement, peak
hold, and maximum signal functions. Each of these functions is discussed in the following paragraphs.
The PAN display is created using the unfiltered IF data and therefore provides a complete picture of the
contents of the receiver passband regardless of the selected IF bandwidth the user has selected for
listening. This feature allows the user to see all of the signals in the passband even if a 300 kHz
bandwidth is currently active.
# NOTE: Double-clicking inside the Pan/Waterfall/Spectrogram charts causes the chart to “pop-
up.” These elements when “popped-up” are detached from its parent screen and
displayed in a separate window which can be repositioned and resized
4-17
Figure 4-8 Scorpio Client Pan Display Screen
Table 4-9 Scorpio Client Pan Display Field/Button Item Descriptions

Pan Controls – BW Allows the user to select the bandwidth.
Cursor Controls Activates a marker on the display. Marker frequency and amplitude values
Cursor Enabled are indicated below the display screen. The marker can be moved on the
Frequency trace using the following method:
Amplitude
Peak Find • The marker can also be activated by placing the mouse arrow within the
display and depressing the left mouse button.
Display Control This allows the user to change the reference of the graphical depiction of the
Center Freq signal received. "Center Freq" displays the current center frequency of the
Reference Level signal. Reference Level allows the user to change the displayed center value
of the grid displaying the signal.
# NOTE: The center frequency is changeable from the Monitor Receiver

Window
Relative Frequency This option toggles the Pan display to show data relative to the center
frequency. The center frequency becomes the 0 point.
4-18
Table 4-9 Scorpio Client Pan Display Field/Button Item Descriptions

Plot Type This allows the user to change the display of the signal being tracked in
Pan different graphical displays. The user can toggle between the Pan, Waterfall,
Waterfall and Spectrogram displays of the data being received.
Spectrogram
(optional)
the most recent Pan trace averaged with the average of all previously
received Pan traces. The most recent Pan trace is weighted according the
selected Average % (e.g., if selected an Average % of 70%, the most recent
Pan trace is weighted as 30%).
4.4.1 Waterfall Display (Optional)

The "Waterfall Display" presents amplitude, frequency, and time information on the same screen. It
does so by showing a series of amplitude vs. frequency traces, each trace shifts on the screen to show
time. The result is a moving three-dimensional pattern or "Waterfall." Figure 4-9 is an example of the
"Waterfall Display." This display shows the waterfall pattern moving from left to right. The operator can
select limits or parameters to be detailed on the screen through computer mouse clicks.
4-19
Figure 4-9 Scorpio Client Pan Display with Waterfall Plot
4.4.2 Spectrogram Plot (Optional)

The "Spectrogram Plot" shows the same results as the "Waterfall Display" except that signal
amplitude is shown color-coded on a flat grid instead of a 3-D grid.
4-20
Figure 4-10 Scorpio Client Pan Display with Spectrogram Plot
# NOTE: If Pan Display is running at the time a scheduled measurement is executed by Scorpio
Server, it will stop running. Messages will be displayed indicating that Scorpio Server hardware
is busy. Pan Display can be restarted by pressing the “Run” button on the receiver audio panel
or by toggling the cursor-enabled control.
4.5 Device Control - Pushbutton DF/Metrics (Optional)

The "Pushbutton DF/Metrics" screen is a composite of several other Scorpio Client screens and
reports in one. The "Pushbutton DF/Metrics" icon is shown on the main Scorpio Client screen under the
"Device Control" group.
The "Pushbutton DF/Metrics" screen consists of six major parts or display sections. These are: "DF
Setup," "RX Setup," "Polar Histogram," "DF Results," "Tuning Aid" and "Map." Any controls not part of
the above groups will be shown under "Miscellaneous."
4-21
4.5.1 DF Setup
Table 4-10 Scorpio Client DF Setup Field/Button Item Description

CF (%) This field is used to select the minimum confidence factor for cuts to be used in
the DF calculation process. Possible values are 0-100.
BW (kHz) This edit field tracks the value selected in “IF Bandwidth” in the “RF Setup”
group. A manual selection of desired IF Bandwidth is also possible. The
operator can input a value into the edit field. Possible BW values for manual
input are: 1 – 10000 kHz.
Dwell (ms) This edit field is used to select the amount of time the processor will spend
(dwell) collecting data on a signal of interest. Possible values are 1000 - 30000
milliseconds (ms).
Frequency This edit field displays the frequency the receivers are tuned to. The control
can be manually edited and can be used to increment and decrement using
the spin control buttons below it. The control is set to “30.000000” by default
the first time the dialog box is displayed after launching the program.
SNR (optional) The SNR allows the user to set a minimum Signal-to-Noise ratio value.
< > (Frequency Spinner Controls). The spinner controls emulate a standard
receiver-tuning knob. Clicking the left spinner button decreases the frequency
by number shown in “Step Size” field, and clicking the right spinner button will
increase the frequency by number shown in “Step Size” field.
DF/Metrics Request This button sends a DF and Metrics Request to the processor with the
parameters shown in the “DF Setup” group.
Pressing the <…> button displays the “Pushbutton Metrics Setup” screen. This
<…> (optional) screen allows the user to select which metrics measurements to be run and
also the parameters for the metrics measurements.
Repeat Rate This item sets the number of seconds that elapse between DF/Metrics
requests.
Export to File, <…> When selected, both the DF measurement request and Bearing result is
(optional) appended to an external file. This file is a comma-delimited text file. Each DF
request and result is displayed on a separate line.
Pressing the <…> button allows the user to select both the name and location
of the external file to be used.
Polarization Polarization allows the user to perform the measurement(s) using the vertical
(optional) or horizontal components of the antenna, if available.
4-22
4.5.2 RX Setup
Table 4-11 Scorpio Client RX Setup Field/Button Item Description

IF Bandwidth This drop-list provides selections between filters that may be used during
monitoring to exclude unwanted signals or noise from the signal of interest.
Possible values are dependent on the selection made in the “Det mode” field,
current frequency band and type of server currently connected. Possible
values include, but not limited to:
• 300 kHz for HF band
• 1 kHz, 3 kHz, 6 kHz for both HF and VHF
• 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz, 100 kHz, 150 kHz for VHF
The control is set to the BW last selected when launching the program.
The vertical red lines on the PAN display show the current receiver bandwidth
setting. The area between the red lines is the receiver IF bandwidth. All signals
outside the red lines will not be heard during monitoring operations.
Det Mode This drop-list provides five detection (demodulation) modes to allow the
operator to listen to modulated signals. Possible values are AM, CW, USB,
LSB and FM. The control is set to “AM” by default the first time the dialog box
is displayed after launching the program.
BFO The edit field controls the Beat Frequency Offset from the carrier and is
displayed in Hz. This control is only enabled when the CW Det Mode
(Detection Mode) is selected. Possible range of values are from –8000 to 8000
Hz in 10 Hz steps by using spinner controls, or a value can be typed in. This
control is disabled by default the first time the dialog box is displayed after
# NOTE: The BFO option is available for CW mode only.
AGC This drop-list provides control of the receiver’s behavior to noise and fading.
Possible values and their respective equivalents in units of time are:
• Fast = 100 msec
• Medium = 500 msec.
• Long = 2 seconds
# NOTE: These values can be changed by editing the settings in the

Initialization file (ScorpioClient.ini)
The control is set to “Fast” by default the first time dialog box is displayed after
4.5.3 Polar Histogram

The "Polar Histogram" group is used to display the DF cuts collected in a polar chart. The cuts
histogram is built from the center towards the edge.
4-23
Clusters of cuts can be selected by using the cursor. A one click on the left mouse button will activate
an azimuth line. When a desired cluster is identified the mouse button is released and a wedge is then
automatically created encompassing the cluster. The size of the wedge can be modified in "Scorpio
client.ini" file. The azimuth field is then recalculated from the cuts in the new cluster. This allows the
operator to identify the azimuth for non-main clusters.
All DF cuts satisfying the "CF" criteria (as specified in the DF Setup group) are displayed in the
Polar-Histogram. The cuts are placed into 1° (one-degree) bins (from 0-359 degrees). The longer the line
drawn in any bin, the more DF cuts were collected at that bin’s azimuth. The main cluster of cuts is used
for the average azimuth calculation.
Table 4-12 Scorpio Client Polar Histogram Field Item Description

Az This field is automatically filled in by the program. It indicates the azimuth that
has been calculated from the cuts in a selected cluster shown on the chart. It is
important to note that the cluster may not encompass all the cuts shown in the
chart. Whenever the cuts displayed in the chart are edited using the wedge
function the "Az" field gets updated to reflect the actual cuts used in the
process. Initially the azimuth field is the same value as that shown in the ‘DF
Results’ group "Azimuth" field in the highlighted row.
Sig.Str (dBm) This field is automatically filled in by the program. It indicates the signal
strength that has been calculated from the cuts in a selected cluster shown on
the chart.
4.5.4 DF Results
In this group the results obtained after the DF request is processed are displayed. The top line in the
"DF Results" table is the latest result and is highlighted.
Table 4-13 Scorpio Client DF Results Field Item Description

Time and Date This field indicates the time and date of the completion of the DF request.
Location This field indicates the location of the processor that accepted and processed
the DF request.
Frequency This field indicates the frequency used in the DF request.
Azimuth This field indicates the azimuth calculated for the cuts used in the DF result.
# NOTE: Only main cluster cuts are used in this calculation.

CF This field indicates the lowest confidence factor calculated by the processor for
the cuts. It is always equal to or greater than the confidence factor that was
selected by the operator in the ‘DF Setup’ group.
Cuts This field indicates the number of cuts used in the statistical calculation.
4-24
Table 4-13 Scorpio Client DF Results Field Item Description

Sigma This field indicates the standard deviation calculated for all the cuts used in the
DF result calculation.
4.5.5 Tuning Aid
Table 4-14 Scorpio Client Tuning Aid Field/Button Item Description
Bandwidth (kHz) This drop-list controls how much of the spectrum will be displayed by the
Tuning Aid window. The center frequency is what is shown in the “DF Setup”
group “Frequency (MHz)” edit field. The values are:
• 1.25 kHz, 2.5 kHz, 5 kHz, 12.5 kHz, and 25 kHz for HF bandwidths
• 5 kHz, 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50kHz, 100 kHz, and 300 kHz for VHF
bandwidths.
Ref. Level (dBm) This drop-list controls the base value of the amplitude (y-axis) in the PAN
display. Example selections are –60 dBm, -80 dBm, -100 dBm, -120 dBm, -
140 dBm, and -160 dBm.
The reference line position is fixed at the bottom of the display.
Run These buttons toggle the request for PAN data. When receiving PAN data, the
button is labeled “Stop,” and when clicked it stops requesting and therefore
Stop stops displaying the PAN data. When no PAN data is being received, the
button is labeled “Run.” When “Run” is clicked, the program begins requesting
PAN data from the receiver.
The X-Y plot displays frequency versus amplitude. The vertical red lines on the
PAN display show the current receiver IF Bandwidth setting. The area between
the red lines is the receiver passband. The tick mark labels below the graph
shows the PAN Centerline frequency and PAN bandwidth’s frequency.
Vertical scaling is fixed at 10 dB per division.
Click tuning is also enabled on this display. When an area in the spectrum is
clicked (using the mouse) that particular peak becomes the center frequency.
This action then changes the frequency displayed in the “DF Setup” group.
Relative Freq When checked the PAN display scaling changes and the X-axis displays
offsets from the center relative to the bandwidth value shown in the field
“Bandwidth (kHz).” The left edge will display the center frequency minus
(Bandwidth/2) while the right edge will display the center frequency plus
(Bandwidth/2).
(optional)
4-25
Table 4-14 Scorpio Client Tuning Aid Field/Button Item Description

the most recent Pan trace averaged with the average of all previously received
Pan traces. The most recent Pan trace is weighted according the selected
Average % (e.g., if selected an Average % of 70%, the most recent Pan trace
is weighted as 30%).
# NOTE: Double-clicking inside the Pan chart causes the chart to “pop-up.” This element when
4-26
Figure 4-11 Pushbutton DF/Metrics Screen
4.5.6 Map
Refer to Section 4.7 for a detailed description of map controls and operations available in the basic
Scorpio Client application. The following description is valid for map functions available within the
"Pushbutton DF/Metrics" screen.
The following is a basic map of the country of interest.
4-27
Figure 4-12 Scorpio Client Map Display Screen (available with the Pushbutton DF/Metrics)
Table 4-15 Scorpio Client Map Display Field/Button Item Description

Cursor Results are shown in Deg Min Sec (degrees:minutes:seconds), Decimal
Deg Min Sec Degrees or in UTM coordinates.
Decimal Degrees
UTM
Size Control This button allows the user to define an area with the mouse button to
Zoom zoom into for a closer look. Pan allows the user to use the mouse button to
Pan scroll to different areas on the map.
Measurement
When the Measurement button is selected the user can select a point on
the map with a left mouse press and move to another point on the map
and include it with the previous selection. As you move, the mouse
displays a trailing line (similar to a rubber-band line) to continue selecting
points. Once all points have been selected, the user may double-click the
left mouse button and a dialog box will display the difference of distance
between the points in either azimuth or kilometers. If more than two points
are selected, this dialog will display the total difference between the points.
Full Size Displays the full size map.
Display Control This buttons allows the user to choose the Region to display.
Print Prints a copy of the Map in its current view.
4-28
Table 4-15 Scorpio Client Map Display Field/Button Item Description

Layers Allows the user to display multiple layers (cities, regions, etc.) of the
selected map.
Lines of Bearing/Error These lines indicate where the emitter of the signal of interest lies in
Ellipse relation to Magnetic North.
The error ellipse indicates the most likely area where the emitter of the
signal of interest may be.
4.5.7 Pushbutton Metrics Setup (Optional)

This screen allows the user to select which metrics measurements to be run and also the parameters
for the metrics measurements.
Figure 4-13 Pushbutton Metrics Setup
4-29
Table 4-16 Pushbutton Metrics Setup Field/Button Item Description

Bandwidth A bandwidth measurement will be performed when the user presses the
<DF/Metrics Request> if this field has been selected.
Bandwidth Setup Fields Refer to Table 3-4 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Bandwidth Tab
Field/Button Item Descriptions.
Modulation A modulation measurement will be performed when the user presses the
Modulation Setup Refer to Table 3-5 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Modulation Tab
Fields Field/Button Item Descriptions.
Field Strength A field strength measurement will be performed when the user presses the
Field Strength Setup Refer to Table 3-6 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Field Strength Tab
Fields Field/Button Item Descriptions.
Frequency A frequency measurement will be performed when the user presses the
Frequency Setup Fields Refer to Table 3-7 Scorpio Client Task Calendar Frequency Tab
Field/Button Item Descriptions.
Antenna Allows the user to specify which antenna, from a list of available antennas,
to be used for the metrics measurements and monitoring. Note that the
reference antenna is always used for the Direction measurements,
regardless of antenna selection.
4.6 Device Control – Netted DF (Optional)

The "Netted DF" button located on the Taskbar will allow DF Requests from two or more sites to
return Netted data for establishing a Netted FIX. It is used to send netted DF requests from the local
and/or the remote sites. The DF results are used to perform the Netted FIX calculation when valid LOBs
are returned from at least two different sites.
# NOTE: A DF result consists of a bearing and the GPS location of the measurement server. If for
some reason the GPS unit is offline, Scorpio Server will return the value stored in its
equipcontrol.ini file. The default value is set to training server location. This value is found in the
[gps] section of the file under the “location =” key.
4-30
Figure 4-14 Scorpio Client Netted DF Screen
Table 4-17 Scorpio Client Netted DF Field/Button Item Descriptions
4-31
Table 4-17 Scorpio Client Netted DF Field/Button Item Descriptions

Fix Results Displays the Latitude and Longitude in degrees:minutes:seconds or
Lat, Lon Universal Transverse Mercator results of the last FIX obtained.
UTM
Track Target When a check appears in this check box, a LOB is returned without
clearing the other LOB lines from the map window. This allows the user to
track the movement of a target.
Export to File, <…> When selected, both the DF measurement request and Bearing result is
(optional) appended to an external file. This file is a comma-delimited text file. Each
DF request and result is displayed on a separate line.
Pressing the <…> button allows the user to select both the name and
location of the external file to be used.
DF Request This button sends an immediate request for DF to the measurement
service. An error ellipse will display on the.
DF Measurement Displays the currently set frequency and bandwidth parameters as set on
CF the Monitor Receiver. Identity displays the description of the signal. The
Identity CF allows the user to set a minimum confidence value. The SNR allows
Freq the user to set a minimum Signal-to-Noise ratio value.
BW
SNR (optional)
Repeat Rate This item sets the number of seconds that elapse between DF requests.
Polarization (optional) Polarization allows the user to perform the measurement(s) using the
vertical or horizontal components of the antenna, if available.
Tabular Display This displays bearings received from the measurement servers. If the
"Track Target" is not selected, this list is cleared between each DF
Request. If "Track Target" is selected, each bearing received is inserted at
the top of the table. The user can select a set of bearings from a single DF
Mission by single clicking a row; the user can select a set of bearings from
multiple DF Missions by pressing the <Shift> keyboard key while single
clicking a row. All selected bearings and error ellipses (if available) are
shown on the map.
This maintains a history of the most recent 99 DF missions, numbered 1 to
99. DF Results for these missions are displayed in tabular form (date/time,
azimuth, confidence, SNR and signal strength values) and are associated
with the mission number. DF FIX points for these missions are shown on
the Map display, labeled with each DF Mission number. DF bearings for
Missions selected in the tabular display are shown on the Map display
4.7 Device Control – Netted FIX (Optional)

The returned DF requests are used to perform the Netted FIX calculation when valid LOBs are
returned from at least two different sites. Bearings used to calculate the fix are chosen by depressing the
desired Bearing Selection buttons and clicking on the Calculate FIX button. Results are displayed on the
Map Display Screen along with the intersecting LOBs and error ellipse.
4-32
Each valid DF Result shows both azimuth and signal strength. These values are displayed in the
Bearing Selection buttons.
Figure 4-15 Scorpio Client Netted FIX Screen
4-33
Table 4-18 Scorpio Client Netted FIX Field/Button Item Descriptions
Fix Results Displays the Latitude and Longitude or UTM results of the last FIX
obtained. Results for Lat and Lon are shown in
degrees:minutes:seconds.
Use range data (optional) When selected, range data (if available) will be used when performing
a FIX calculation. Range data for each DF Result are displayed below
each Bearing Selection button.
Calculate FIX The Calculate FIX button is used to perform a netted fix calculation
using the selected DF results. At least two DF bearings must be
selected to perform a fix calculation, unless range data exists and the
user has selected "Use range data." The FIX can only be calculated if
the LOBs used converge at some point.
Remove All Allows the user to remove all bearing selections and clear the screen.
Bearing Selection Bearing Results from the available stations are displayed here and can
[Azimuth in degrees (signal be included or excluded from calculating a FIX. These buttons allow
strength in dBm)] the user to select which Bearings and optional range to use to
calculate a FIX. Bearing selections are added as DF responses have
been returned from the Spectrum Processor. Note that the Signal
Strength of each Result is also shown.
Manual Entries (Optional)

Bearing Allows operator to manually enter bearing to target station.
DF Site Name Allows operator to manually input site name.
Range (optional) Allows operator to manually input range to target station.
Latitude Allows operator to manually input site latitude.
Longitude Allows operator to manually input site longitude.
4.8 Device Control – Field Strength Mapping (Optional)

The Field Strength Mapping feature is used to measure and display field strength across
frequencies over a geographical area. This feature can only be used with a mobile station. The operator
defines and runs Field Strength Mapping task(s). Field strength measurements are taken continuously for
the frequencies in all running tasks as the mobile station moves. The average field strength, for each
frequency, is computed and displayed for each 500m by 500m square grid as mobile station moves from
grid to grid. The average field strength values are displayed numerically and color-coded.
4-34
Figure 4-16 Field Strength Mapping
Table 4-19 Field Strength Mapping Display Field/Button Item Descriptions
Define Tasks The items in the upper-left corner are used to define Field Strength
Mapping tasks. These are also used to stop and start tasks.
ID The operator must enter this task information to define and run a task.
Note that ID is automatically generated. Once the operator has
Start Frequency (MHz) entered the Start and Stop Frequencies, and the Bandwidth, selecting
Stop Frequency (MHz) the Run item will start the task (field strength measurements will be
collected). The Status indicates the current status of the task. Possible
Bandwidth (kHz) Status values are:
Run Validated
Status Start
FS Data
Running
Stop
4-35
Table 4-19 Field Strength Mapping Display Field/Button Item Descriptions
Existing Tasks The items in the upper-right corner show all currently defined Field
Strength Mapping tasks. Select one task in this list to display (in the
Task Channels) the individual frequencies defined by the selected
task.
ID Displays task information. Note that ID is automatically generated.

Start Frequency (MHz)
Stop Frequency (MHz)
Bandwidth (kHz)
Start Time
Stop Time
Mapping Tools Refer to section 4.10 Device Control – Map Management
Task Channels Displays the individual frequencies defined by the currently selected
task in the list of Existing Tasks.
Channel Displays the channels (automatically numbered 1, 2, 3 …) and

frequencies defined by the currently selected task in the list of Existing
Frequency Tasks.
Signal Strength (dBµV/m) Display a legend showing the color scheme used to identify signal
strength values. The operator can adjust this by dragging the adjuster
items up and down.
Transparency (%) The operator can change the transparency of the color-coded field
strength grids by adjusting this value.
4.9 Device Control – Spectrum Analyzer (Optional)

The Spectrum Analyzer screen is used to view a wide (or narrow) range of the frequency spectrum in
real-time. The user is presented with traces of frequency versus power, with two markers to help identify
and measure signals. The user can select the frequency range directly by entering the start and stop
frequencies, or by entering the center frequency and frequency span. Different levels of detail are shown
by selecting the bandwidth.
4-36
Figure 4-17 Scorpio Client Spectrum Analyzer Screen
Table 4-20 Scorpio Client Spectrum Analyzer Field/Button Item Descriptions

Reference Level This list controls the base value of the power (y-axis) in the display.
The reference line position is fixed at the top of the display.
Scale The user can select the scale for the power (y-axis) in the display. The
numbers indicate the difference in power between adjacent gridlines.
Print
Print Prints the current trace, markers and overlay information to the default
printer.
Presents a preview of the current trace, markers and overlay
Print Preview information to the screen.
4-37
Table 4-20 Scorpio Client Spectrum Analyzer Field/Button Item Descriptions

MRK Two markers are available to the user to aid in the identification and
measurement of signals. The markers both snap to the trace, labeled
as “1” and “2”. The current value of each marker (frequency in MHz
and power in either dBm or dBuV) is shown as overlaid data at the top
of the display as “MKR1:” and “MKR2:” The difference between the
two markers (frequency and power) is shown at the top as “DIFF:”
Center When Center is selected, the first marker (labeled “1”) snaps to the
trace at the center frequency. The second marker (labeled “2”) snaps
to the trace at the left-edge of the trace.
Max When Max is selected, the two markers (labeled “1” and “2”) snap to
the trace at the largest and second largest peaks.
When neither Center nor Max Markers are selected, the markers are
moved manually using the mouse. Using the left mouse key, click and
drag to move the first marker. To move the second marker, click and
drag the mouse using the right mouse key.
Frequency The user can select the frequency range directly by entering the start
and stop frequencies, or by entering the center frequency and
frequency span.
Center, Span Click on “Center” to enter the center frequency of the display; and then
click on “Span” to enter the frequency span. This determines the start
and stop frequencies displayed. Note that if the user enters a span
that will cause the start or stop frequency to be outside the range of
the server, the center frequency will be automatically adjusted to fit the
range.
Start, Stop Click on “Start” and “Stop” to enter the start and stop frequencies of
the trace, respectively. If the user enters a start (or stop) frequency
that is outside the range of the server, the start (or stop) frequency will
be automatically adjusted to fit the range.
Bandwidth The user can select the bandwidth for the frequency (x-axis) in the
display. A smaller bandwidth will provide more resolution (and thus
more detail). However, the traces will display at a slower rate.
Force Narrowband (optional) Available when connected to a server with dual bandwidth support.
When selected, the smaller bandwidth is used.
Data
Peak Hold When selected, the trace is generated using only the maximum levels.
Average (%) When selected, the trace is generated by using a running average,
with the most recent trace averaged with the average of all previously
received traces. The most recent trace is weighted according the
selected Average % (e.g., if selected an Average % of 70%, the most
recent trace is weighted as 30%).
4-38
4.10 Device Control – Map Management

The mapping system is based on ESRI® MapObjects® that support map display and controls.
The map window is available for the display of DF LOB data, emitter locations, and error ellipses.
Mobile emitters and Mobile stations are also displayed on the map.
4.10.1 Display and Control

The map window is accessed with "Homing DF," "Netted DF," “Pushbutton DF/Metrics”, “AVD”
and the “Station Select” functions. The user may select zoom in, zoom out, pan, center, or measurement
functions. The coordinate display window changes according to the user selection in the Tools menu.
When a tool is selected, the mouse cursor that is displayed over the map windows is changed to reflect the
function in use. For example, when the zoom in function is selected, the cursor changes to a magnifying
glass with a plus sign in the lens.
Figure 4-18 Scorpio Client Map Display Screen
When no tools are selected the coordinate display window shows the current mouse position on the
map in either Lat/Lon or UTM. Marking the UTM checkbox on the main window makes this selection. If
the UTM checkbox is not selected, the coordinate display defaults to Lat/Lon in Degree, Minute, Second,
and Hemisphere format (Example: 25 00 04N 121 43 08E). The UTM location display selected by TCI is
the 14 character international standard and provides location accuracy that is appropriate based on the
map scales intended for the system.
4.10.2 Map Measurement Functions

Azimuth Measurement Function is used to measure the great circle bearing between two points on the
map using the mouse cursor.
4-39
Distance Measurement Function is handled in three units: miles, meters, and kilometers. The starting
point for the distance measurement is selected using the mouse cursor. The user points the cursor over the
starting point and clicks the mouse button to anchor the starting point. The user then continues to select
points by moving the mouse and clicking the mouse button. The final point is selected by double clicking
the mouse button.
4.10.3 Printing The Map

The current map may be printed at any time by pressing the print map button. The map is printed to
the default printer specified for the system. The map overlay is always printed on a separate sheet that
may be included in hard copy reports generated by the workstation application software.
Inclusion of the map overlay into soft copy reports is handled by saving the map overlay as a bitmap
(windows .bmp file) that is inserted directly into a Microsoft Word document. It is also possible to
perform a screen capture to insert the overlay into a document.
Table 4-21 Scorpio Client Map Display Field/Button Item Descriptions

Cursor Position The mouse cursor shows the location in the specified format.
Deg Min Sec
Decimal Degrees
UTM
Measurement
When the Measurement button is selected the user can select a point on
the map with a left mouse press and move to another point on the map
and include it with the previous selection. As you move, the mouse
displays a trailing line (similar to a rubber-band line) to continue selecting
points. Once all points have been selected, the user may double-click the
left mouse button and a dialog box will display the difference of distance
between the points in either azimuth or kilometers. If more than two points
are selected, this dialog will display the total difference between the points.
Default Size Displays the view of the map that was last saved as the default size.
Save Default Re-defines the default size of the map to the currently selected view.
Display Control This buttons allows the user to choose the Region to display.
Print Map Prints a copy of the Map in its current view.
Layers Allows the user to display multiple layers (cities, regions, etc.) of the
selected map.
Lines of Bearing/Error These lines indicate where the emitter of the signal of interest lies in
Ellipse relation to the front of the mobile station.
The error ellipse indicates the most likely area where the emitter of the
signal of interest may be.
4-40
# NOTE: Double-clicking inside the Map causes the map to “pop-up.” This element when
4-41
5. SPECTRUM MONITORING TOOLS

5.1 Tools – Network Setup
The Network Setup screen allows the user to add or remove a Server from the selected station list. The
user selects one of the available stations and clicks on the desired button. To add a Server the Netted
Station List, the user selects one of the available stations and clicks on the desired button. This adds and
connects or removes and disconnects the current Client to that Server.
(Optional) This also allows the users to configure a "Training Session" by allowing the selection of a
Training Server. The Training Servers receive and send simulated data to Scorpio Client that is selected
on the Station List. There is access to multiple Training Servers by editing the associated
TrainingServer= entry in the Scorpio.ini file. This will return multiple LOBs; however, the default is set
to "3."
, CAUTION: If you Add or Remove the training Server from the station lists, all other Servers will
also be removed.
Figure 5-1 Scorpio Client Network Setup Station Selection
Item Descriptions

Station List Name of Scorpio Server to be used for all non-netted requests.
Available Stations List of all available Servers.
Netted Station List The list of selected Servers to be used for Netted DF.
<< Add or Add >> To add a Server to the station list, the user selects one of the available
stations and clicks on the <Add> button. To add a Server the Netted
Station List, the user selects one of the Available Stations and clicks on
the <Add> button. This adds and connects the current Client to that
Server.
5-1
Item Descriptions

Remove>> or <<Remove To remove a Server from the station list, the user selects the desired
station and clicks on <Remove>. To remove a Server from the Netted
Station List, the user selects the desired station and clicks on the
<Remove> button. This removes and disconnects the current Client from
that Server.
Connect Connects the current Client to the previously selected Server.
Disconnect Disconnects the current Client from the previously selected Server.
Color Code Connection status is color-coded:

• Green indicates that this client is connected to the displayed
server.
• Red indicates that this client is not connected to the displayed
server.
# NOTE: To identify a station on the map, double click on its name. The map display will center on
that station’s geographical location.
5.2 Tools – Spectrum Occupancy (Optional)

The Spectrum Occupancy tool furnishes you with easy-to-understand reports of spectrum usage over
time. Reporting periods range from several minutes to several weeks. Thanks to the system’s multitasking
capability, you may continue using the system to perform other tasks while it is collecting occupancy
data.
Spectrum occupancy gathers information on long-time usage of the frequency spectrum and helps you
identify frequencies that are free from interference. It measures field strength in a frequency spectrum
over a period of time you define. The occupancy results show frequency band usage.
You can use the Spectrum Occupancy measurement to assist in tracking interference or improper
spectrum usage. It will also aid you in making observations for use in frequency management such as
spectrum planning and allocation and channel usage reports.
To get an occupancy report you need to specify the following parameters:
• One or more frequency bands to monitor
• The channel widths within each band
• The period of time over which to collect data
• Signal collection threshold level
• One or more graphs to portray the occupancy results
5-2
Taken together, these parameters constitute an Occupancy Task. The system is capable of running and
storing results for five Occupancy Tasks simultaneously. An occupancy task can store no more than
20,000* (or 100,000, see note below) data points. Attempting to store more will invoke an error message.
This limit can be approached in two ways, depending on whether time-of-day is selected:
N_channels ≤ 20,000* (time-of-day is NOT selected)

or,
N_channels * N_tod ≤ 20,000* (time-of day IS selected)
n
StopFreqband − StartFreqband
N _ channels = ∑
band =1 BandWidthband
where
n = total number of bands in the task

and
Fixed _ Duration ( s )
N _ tod =
Storage _ Interval ( s )
If your task is rejected for having too many data points, you must reduce the number of channels,
shorten the measurement duration, and/or increase the storage interval. The graphical output choices are
described in Table 5-2. Graphs can be viewed on Scorpio Client screen as well as printed to paper or
saved to disk.
# NOTE: Spectrum Occupancy tasks need to be suspended in order to hear any audio output.
# NOTE: *If your system does not include any 8067A Spectrum Processors, a task can store up to
100,000 data points.
5-3
#
Figure 5-2 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Screen
5-4
Table 5-2 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Field/Button Item Descriptions

Graphical Representations Use these checkboxes to request specific types of occupancy
information. Each checkbox contributes to the data gathered by the
task. When the task finishes, the information you requested is available
in the Occupancy Results screen.
• Produces a graph of occupancy versus channel/frequency for each
Occupancy vs. Channel
band you specify in the band list.
Num/Freq
• Produces a graph of field strength versus channel/frequency for
Field Strength vs. Channel each band you specify in the band list.
Num/Freq
• Produces graphs of occupancy versus time for individual channels
Occupancy vs. Time of within each band you specify in the band list.
Day • Produces a graph of message length versus channel/frequency for
Msg Length vs. Channel each band you specify in the band list.
Num/Freq
Schedule Use this input area to select the type of scheduling for this Task.
Immediate • If you select this radio button, the system will schedule your task to
begin as soon as you click the <Run> button. This is the default
selection.
Delayed • Select this radio button to be able to enter a specific date and time
for the task to begin. The system will schedule the task when you
click the <Run> button. The task will begin at the date and time you
specified in the Date and Time fields.
Storage Interval Use this input to specify the storage interval. Storage interval is the time
between updates of the database. It defines the time-axis resolution of
Occupancy versus Time of Day graphs, and defines how often task
completion estimates are re-computed. The initial value is 15 seconds.
Msg. Length min gap Use this input to specify the message length minimum gap. The system
considers any interruption in transmission of this value or greater to be
the end of one message and the start of another. The initial value is 15
seconds.
Antenna Allows the user to specify which antenna, from a list of available
antennas, to be used for the Spectrum Occupancy measurements.
Station Name This drop-list shows the different stations available. On initial display of
the Spectrum Occupancy dialog, this control is used to display the
station currently connected to. If this list is blank, there is no connection
to any station. When in "off-line" mode, this drop-list is also used to
view tasks and parameters of tasks that were scheduled from other
stations. Scorpio Client will not switch the connection to another station
when the selection is changed, therefore, requests to run tasks will be
ignored or disallowed.
5-5

All Single Channels Mark this checkbox to simplify the entry of single-frequency bands.
When this box is checked the band list accepts start frequencies only. If
your list includes stop frequencies and you mark this checkbox, the
system will delete them with your permission.
Threshold Use this input area to specify a signal threshold level for occupancy
measurements. Only signals that exceed this threshold are considered
when compiling occupancy statistics.
Fixed (dBμV/m) • Select this radio button to enter an absolute signal threshold level.
This is the default selection. The initial value is 10 dBμV/m.
Noise Riding (dB) • Select this radio button to enter a relative threshold, expressed as
dB above noise level. The system dynamically adjusts the
threshold, maintaining it above the noise level by the amount you
specify.
Duration Use this input area to set the length of time your occupancy task will
run.
• Select this radio button to enter a fixed measurement duration. This
Fixed
is the default selection. The initial value is 5 minutes.
Confidence Based • If you select this radio button, your task will run as long as it takes
to achieve the confidence level and accuracy you specify. The
Conf Level (%) system estimates the completion time and posts it on the
Occupancy Results screen. This estimate is updated at every
Accuracy (%) storage interval. In general, higher confidence levels and tighter
accuracy result in longer runs. Channels with low occupancy also
increase the run time. The task finishes when 80% of the channels
meet the confidence and accuracy requirements. For more
information on sampling principles, please refer to paragraph
3.3.3.4.4 of the ITU Spectrum Monitoring Handbook (1995).
Band List Band List is a table where you enter the frequency parameters of your
occupancy task. It has columns for entry of start frequency, stop
frequency, bandwidth, and exclude.
Start Frequency (MHz) • Enter a start frequency here.
Stop Frequency (MHz) • Enter a stop frequency here.
Bandwidth • Select a channel bandwidth from the drop-down box.
Force Narrowband • Available when connected to a server with dual bandwidth support.
(optional) When selected, the smaller bandwidth is used.
Exclude • Mark this checkbox to indicate that the frequencies in this row are
to be excluded from measurement.
Current Tasks This window lists the task ID number of all current tasks. Current tasks
are those that you have scheduled and whose status appears on the
Occupancy Results screen. You can re-load the parameters of any task
simply by clicking the task ID number in this window.
New Click the <New> button to clear the band list and to reset all input
parameters to their initial values.
5-6

Run Click the <Run> button to schedule your task. The system assigns an
ID number to the task and places it in the Current Tasks window. The
same task ID number also appears in the Occupancy Result task table.
Import… (optional) Click this button to import a saved .sbl file.
Export… (optional) Click this button to export Spectrum Occupancy Band-list information to
an .sbl file for later use.
# NOTE: Maximum data (displayed in red) is plotted on top of average (green) data. Average data
may be obscured by max data in certain cases.
5.3 Tools – Occupancy Results (Optional)

The Spectrum Occupancy Results dialog box provides the following information:
• Task ID
• The start and stop date and time of the measurement
• The last status of the Task
• Graph of a selected result
5-7
Figure 5-3 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Results Screen
Table 5-3 Scorpio Client Spectrum Occupancy Results Field/Button Item Descriptions
Station Name This drop-list shows the different stations available. On initial display of the
Spectrum Occupancy Results dialog, this control is set to the station
currently connected to, or left blank if there is no connection to any station.
When in "off-line" mode, this drop-list can also be used to see the tasks on
other stations. Scorpio Client program will not switch connection to another
station when selection is changed, therefore any request to terminate,
suspend, or resume tasks will not be allowed. Audio will only be heard
when the currently displayed window is the Monitor Receiver, Pan Display,
Pushbutton DF/Metrics or Homing DF. Pausing all tasks but keeping the
Spectrum Occupancy Results window active will not enable Audio.
Occupancy Tasks Occupancy Tasks is a table that lists the current tasks and their status.
Each row displays the following information: Task ID Number, Start Date
and Time, Stop Date and Time, and Task Status (such as running,
suspended, or completed). Click anywhere in a row to select the task. You
may then get its results, pause it, terminate it, or delete it.
5-8

Get Results Click the <Get Results> button to retrieve results for the highlighted task.
The graphical representations you requested for the task will load into the
Results window. This button will not be enabled until results are available.
Scorpio Client will always try to retrieve the latest data available from
Scorpio Server. If Scorpio Client is not connected to any Server, the button
can still be clicked, however, it will only plot the last retrieved results that
were stored in the local database.
Pause/Resume Click the <Pause> button to suspend the highlighted task. You may then
get results for the task. Click this button again to resume.
Terminate Click the <Terminate> button to end the highlighted task. As a precaution,
the system asks for confirmation before terminating the task. You cannot re-
start a terminated task, but you can get any results it may have gathered.
Delete Click the <Delete> button to permanently remove the highlighted task from
the table. As a precaution, the system asks for confirmation before deleting
the task. A deleted task is permanently removed from the database. This
includes its task ID number, its setup parameters, and any results it may
have gathered.
Chan Select this radio button to define the graph horizontal axis in terms of
channel. Channel numbering begins at one. The number of channels in a
band is determined by the channel bandwidth and frequency range you
enter in the Band List table in Spectrum Occupancy dialog.
Freq Select this radio button to define the graph horizontal axis in terms of
frequency. The start and stop frequencies correspond to the range you
enter in the Band List table in Spectrum Occupancy dialog.
Graph Title The type of graph you select for viewing appears in this window. Use the
horizontal scroll bar to bring additional portions of the graph into view.
Result graphs include:
• Field Strength vs. channel / Frequency – line graph
• Message Length vs. Channel / Frequency – line graph
• Occupancy vs. Channel / Frequency – bar graph
• Time of Day vs. Occupancy – line graph
Results This two-dimensional graphical control displays the currently selected

graphical result from the results list box. The maximum number of data
points displayed is one hundred points. The graph is equipped with a
horizontal scroll bar beneath it in order to scroll when more data must be
seen.
Results List Box • Clicking the <Get Results> button loads a listing of your requested
graphs into this window. Click on a graph in this list to select it for
viewing.
5-9

Band #: • Click the up/down arrows to choose a band for display. Band numbers
correspond to the Band List table on the Spectrum Occupancy screen.
All • The user can select to include information from all task bands in a
report by selecting "All," or include only the selected Band by clearing
"All."
Results (Cont.)
Channel #: • Click the up/down arrows to choose a channel for display. This control
is active only for Occupancy versus Time graphs.
Reports Use this input area to obtain printed reports of occupancy task results or to
save them to disk.
Summary • Mark this checkbox to request a report of all channels.
Task Info • Mark this checkbox to request a text report of the task parameters and
task results.
Single Band Plots • Mark this checkbox to request a graphical report. The report pertains to
the single band you have chosen in the Band # box.
Save Click this button to save the Task Info and/or Single Band Plot report to
disk. A standard dialogue box will appear so you can designate the
destination folder.
# NOTE: If a Mission Folder is selected, the file save dialog box will
automatically point to the Mission Folder.
Preview Click this button to get an on-screen preview of how the printed report(s)
will look. If you mark both Report checkboxes for previewing, you may
select between the two under the preview screen’s ‘Window’ menu.
Print Click this button to print the Task Info and/or Single Band Plot to the default
printer.
NOTE: The bar graph in the Scorpio Occupancy Results screen shows “Avg” and “Max” results. The
Max result shows the largest (peak) occupancy measured in any single Storage Interval
throughout the occupancy Duration period. For example, if the storage interval was set to 15
seconds and the Duration was set to 1 minute, then the Max result displays the highest occupancy
measured in any one out of the four intervals taken during the one-minute long occupancy
duration period. That is, the Max data selects the one interval with the highest occupancy of all
intervals falling within the selected occupancy duration. The Avg result shows the average
occupancy measured over all Intervals within the Duration period. For example, if the storage
interval was set to 15 seconds and the Duration was set to 1 minute, then Avg computes and
displays the overall occupancy of the four intervals averaged together.
5-10
# NOTE: Double-clicking inside the Results charts causes the chart to “pop-up.” This element
when “popped-up” is detached from its parent screen and displayed in a separate
window which can be repositioned and resized
5.4 Tools – DF Scan (Optional)

The DF Scan screen supports scanning mode DF. This screen is available from the Tools Task for
both the Fixed and Mobile stations. DF Scan gives the operator the ability to enter scan band(s). Channel
lists are entered to include or exclude frequencies. The operator selects band or channel DF scanning but
can not enter both at the same time.
Figure 5-4 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Screen
Table 5-4 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Field/Button Item Descriptions

Noise Riding Use this input area to specify a signal threshold level the DF Scan
measurements. Only signals that exceed this threshold are considered
when compiling measurement statistics.
5-11

Duration Use this input area to set the length of time your DF Scan will run.
between updates of the database.
DF Resolution Use this field to select a resolution for the Scan data to be displayed in the
DF Scan results screen.
DF Scan dialog, this control is used to display the station currently
connected to. If this list is blank, there is no connection to any station.
When in "off-line" mode, this drop-list is also used to view tasks and
parameters of tasks that were scheduled from other stations. Scorpio
Client will not switch the connection to another station when the selection
is changed, therefore, requests to run tasks will be ignored or disallowed.
Azimuth Range These edit fields are used together with their respective spin buttons to
specify a range of azimuth values of interest. Only azimuth data between
Start / Stop these ranges will be displayed when data is retrieved. Start azimuth may
not be greater than Stop Azimuth. Default values are 0 – 360 degrees.
Audio Record When selected, the measurement server is instructed to save

measurement information (in .DF files) and audio information (in .WAV
Hold Time files). The server is locked to a single frequency defined by the Start
(optional) Frequency of the task’s first Band. When a DF measurement is taken, the
DF information is stored in the .DF file and audio is recorded into a .WAV
file with the same name. Each subsequent DF measurement is appended
to the .DF file and audio added to the .WAV file. When there is no DF
measurement for an amount of time equal to the Hold Time, the current
.DF and .WAV files are closed. After this point, when another DF
measurement is taken a new pair of .DF and .WAV files are created.
selection.
Delayed • Select this radio button to be able to enter a specific date and time for
the task to begin. The system will schedule the task when you click the
<Run> button. The task will begin at the date and time you specified in
the Date and Time fields.
All Single Channels Mark this checkbox to simplify the entry of single-frequency bands. When
this box is checked the band list accepts start frequencies only. If your list
includes stop frequencies and you mark this checkbox, the system will
delete them with your permission.
5-12

Band List Band List is a table where you enter the frequency parameters of your DF
Scan. It has columns for entry of start frequency, stop frequency,
bandwidth, and exclude.
Start Freq (MHz) • Enter a start frequency here.
Stop Freq (MHz) • Enter a stop frequency here.
Bandwidth • Select a channel bandwidth from the drop-down box.
Polarization (optional) • Polarization allows the user to perform the measurement(s) using the
vertical or horizontal components of the antenna, if available.
Force Narrowband • Available when connected to a server with dual bandwidth support.
(optional) When selected, the smaller bandwidth is used.
Short Duration • Available based on type of server connected and selected Bandwidth
(optional) (if connected to model 8067B server). Reduce measurement Bin Size
per channel for increased scanning speed.
Exclude • Mark this checkbox to indicate that the frequencies in this row are to
be excluded from measurement.
Identity • Call Sign of the frequency parameters for your DF Scan.
Current Tasks Lists the task ID number of all current tasks. Current tasks are those that
you have scheduled and whose status appears on the DF Scan Results
screen. You can re-load the parameters of any task simply by clicking the
task ID number in this window.
Run Click the <Run> button to schedule your task. The system assigns an ID
number to the task and places it in the Current Tasks window. The same
task ID number also appears in the Occupancy Result task table.
Import… (optional) Click this button to import a saved .dbl file.
Export… (optional) Click this button to export DF Scan Band-list information to a .dbl file for
later use.
5.5 Tools – DF Scan Results (Optional)

The DF Report Screen display is activated from the DF Scan Results Taskbar button.
Scan mode results are presented in tabular and graphic form and may be printed on the system printer
or the operator may copy the image to a Microsoft Word document to include the graphic result in a
printed report.
5-13
Figure 5-5 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Results Screen
Table 5-5 Scorpio Client Direction Finding Scan Results Field/Button Item Descriptions

DF Scan Results dialog, this control is set to the station currently
connected to, or left blank if there is no connection to any station. When in
"off-line" mode, this drop-list can also be used to see the tasks on other
stations. Scorpio Client program will not switch connection to another
station when selection is changed, therefore any request to terminate,
suspend, or resume tasks will not be allowed. Audio will only be heard
when the currently displayed window is the Monitor Receiver, Pan Display,
Pushbutton DF/Metrics or Homing DF. Pausing all tasks but keeping the
DF Scan Results window active will not enable Audio.
NOTE: If a task is suspended by clicking the <Pause> button, the
estimated stop time for the task will not be updated and will
remain the same. When the current system time reaches the task’s
stop time, the task will not continue running no matter what state
it is currently in. (E.g. if task is suspended when stop time is
reached, the task will not continue when <Resume> button is
clicked. Task status will be completed.
5-14

DF Scan Tasks A scheduled or running task will initially be displayed with stop time and
date being blank. This indicates that results are not yet available, and the
Get Results button will remain disabled at these times.
Status will be updated regularly every storage interval time specified for
the task. If Station Name is switched to a non-connected station, any
running, suspended, or scheduled task at the station will be displayed to
have a status of “Unknown.”
The graphical representations you requested for the task will loaded into
the Results window. Button will not be enabled until results are available.
Pause/Resume Click the <Pause> button to suspend the highlighted task. You may then
get results for the task. Click this button again to resume. When the status
of a selected task is “Suspended” button will be labeled “Resume.”
Pausing is useful for listening to audio when controlling the Monitor
Receiver because background tasks, such as DF Scan, are interleaved
with audio data, which creates intermittent audio data.
NOTE: When audio data is still intermittent after all background tasks are
suspended, another workstation that has logged into the same
server is running background tasks.
the system asks for confirmation before terminating the task. You cannot
re-start a terminated task, but you can get any results it may have
gathered.
the table. As a precaution, the system asks for confirmation before
deleting the task. A deleted task is permanently removed from the
database. This includes its task ID number, its setup parameters, and any
results it may have gathered.
5-15

Azimuth vs. Frequency This graph shows the results retrieved from the Measurement Server after
the Get Results button is clicked on. Each data point is plotted using a
color coded cross, and represents DF measurements at a certain
Frequency (X-axis) coming from a certain Azimuth (Y-axis)
The colors used in the color coding scheme are as follows:
White Indicates that this data point is among the data points that
received the least number of DF Cuts.
Yellow Indicates greater number of DF Cuts than the White cross.
Green Indicates greater number of DF Cuts than the Yellow cross.
Blue Indicates greater number of DF Cuts than the Green cross.
Black Indicates that this data point is among the data points that
received the greatest number of DF Cuts.
The higher number of cuts, the better the probability that a signal is being
transmitted at the associated LOB.
Band #: • Click the up/down arrows to choose a band for display. Band numbers
correspond to the Band List table on the DF Scan screen.
All • The user can select to include information from all task bands in a
report by selecting ‘All’, or include only the selected Band by clearing
‘All’.
Reports Use this input area to obtain printed reports of DF Scan results.
Summary • Mark this check box to request a text report of the DF Scan Results
Summary.
Task Info • Mark this checkbox to request a text report of the task parameters and
task results.
• Mark this checkbox to request a graphical report. The report pertains
Single Band Plots to the single band you have chosen in the Band # box.
Save Click this button to save the Task Info and/or Single Band Plot report to
disk. A standard dialogue box will appear so you can designate the
destination folder.
#NOTE: If a Mission Folder is selected, the file save dialog box will
automatically point to the Mission Folder.
Preview Click this button to get an on-screen preview of how the printed report(s)
will look. If you mark both Report checkboxes for previewing, you may
select between the two under the preview screen’s ‘Window’ menu.
Print Click this button to print the Task Info and/or Single Band Plot to the
default printer.
5-16
# NOTE: Double-clicking inside the Results charts causes the chart to “pop-up.” This element
when “popped-up” is detached from its parent screen and displayed in a separate
window which can be repositioned and resized
5.6 Tools – AVD (Optional)

The "Automatic Violation Detection" (AVD) tool determines whether a particular transmission is in
violation allowed tolerances of assigned center frequency and bandwidth, as specified in the National
Frequency Plan table. "AVD" measurements can be performed on a single-frequency or on a range of
frequencies specified by the user.
Figure 5-6 Scorpio Client AVD Screen
5-17
Table 5-6 Scorpio Client AVD Field/Button Item Description

Noise Riding Use this input area to specify a signal threshold level above noise floor for
the AVD measurements. Only signals that exceed this threshold are
considered when compiling measurement statistics.
Duration Use this input area to set the length of time the AVD task will run.
between updates of the database.
Antenna Allows the user to specify which antenna, from a list of available antennas,
to be used for the AVD measurements.
Station Name This drop-list shows the different AVD-capable stations available. On initial
display of the AVD dialog, this control is used to display the station Scorpio
Client is currently connected to. If this list is blank, there is no connection
to any station. When in "off-line" mode, this drop-list is also used to view
tasks and parameters of tasks that were previously scheduled on other
stations. Scorpio Client will not switch the connection to another station
when the selection is changed, therefore, requests to run tasks will be
ignored or disallowed.
selection.
Delayed • Select this radio button to be able to enter a specific date and time for
the task to begin. The system will schedule the task when you click the
<Run> button. The task will begin at the date and time you specified in
the Date and Time fields.
License Information
Last Time Imported • Displays the date and time when the license information was imported
last.
Import… • This button imports license information from the external file into the
local database.
Show Map… • Click <Show Map…> to display the area map with all the licensed
sites.
# NOTE: The licensed sites for the area are determined by the
radius value, specified in the INI file, from the selected server site.
The program displays all licensed sites in green squares and Scorpio
Server in a red square.
Current Tasks Lists the task ID number of all current tasks. Current tasks are those that
you have scheduled and whose status appears on the AVD Results
screen. You can re-load the parameters of any task simply by clicking the
task ID number in this window.
5-18
Table 5-6 Scorpio Client AVD Field/Button Item Description

Run Click the <Run> button to schedule your task. The system assigns an ID
number to the task and places it in the Current Tasks window. The same
task ID number also appears in the AVD Result task table.
Import… (optional) Click this button to import a saved .abl file.
Export… (optional) Click this button to export AVD Band-list information to an .abl file for later
use.
5.7 Tools – AVD Results (Optional)

The "AVD Results" Screen shows the results of the frequencies tested and specifies whether they are:
Compliant, Non-Compliant, Not Found (signal not found) or Unlicensed. For non-compliant results, the
user can determine whether frequency or bandwidth deviation (or both) is being violated.
Figure 5-7 Scorpio Client AVD Results Screen
5-19
Table 5-7 Scorpio Client AVD Results Field/Button Item Description

AVD Results dialog, this control is set to the station Scorpio Client is
currently connected to, or left blank if there is no connection to any station.
When in "off-line" mode, this drop-list can also be used to view previous
tasks on other stations. Scorpio Client program will not switch connection
to another station when selection is changed, therefore any request to
terminate, suspend, or resume tasks will not be allowed. Audio will only be
heard when the currently displayed window is the Monitor Receiver, Pan
Display, Pushbutton DF/Metrics or Homing DF.
AVD Tasks A scheduled or running task will initially be displayed with “Date” and
“Time” fields under “STOP” showing blank. This indicates that results are
not yet available, and the Get Results button will remain disabled at these
times.
Status will be updated according to storage interval time specified for the
task. If Station Name is switched to a non-connected station, any running,
suspended, or scheduled task at the station will be displayed to have a
status of “Unknown.”
The results you requested for the task will be loaded into the AVD Results
window. <Get Results> button will not be enabled until results are
available.
the system asks for confirmation before terminating the task. You can not
re-start a terminated task, but you can get any results it may have
gathered.
the table. As a precaution, the system asks for confirmation before
deleting the task. A deleted task is permanently removed from the
database. This includes its task ID number, its setup parameters, and any
results it may have gathered.
# NOTE: The <Delete> button can only be used when the system is
connected to a server.
5-20

Results
Run Comparison • Click <Run Comparison> to do comparison of results. The user can
view the results by clicking on the band number and clicking <Get
Results>. The compared results will be shown in the Result column of
the list.
# NOTE: The <Run Comparison> button will remain disabled until

the current task’s status becomes “Completed.” The user should
make sure to click on <Get Results> after task is completed.
• Click this button to export the comparison result to a disk file. This
disk file can be used in another station to view the results.
Export
• Click <Load> to import an AVD comparison result from a disk.
Load
# NOTE: When comparison results are displayed from an external
file, AVD task list and station selection list boxes will be empty.
# NOTE: When displaying an imported file, the result screen will

display “Imported AVD Results” instead of “AVD Results.”
Tolerances
Dev (Freq Deviation) • Determines whether a frequency is in violation of Frequency Deviation
if the value listed on the “Dev Hz” column exceeds this value.
BW (Bandwidth) • Determines whether a frequency is in violation of Bandwidth Deviation
if the value listed on the “BW kHz” column exceeds this value.
% Occp • If set at a certain value, the AVD Results screen will display only those
frequencies whose values are equal to or over the set % Occp
(Occupancy) value. Use the spinner controls to increment or
decrement the % Occupancy
Band # • Specifies which band number AVD results to display. Use the spinner
controls to move to the next or previous band number.
Reports
Save • Click <Save> to save the reports. A standard dialogue box will appear
so you can designate the destination folder. Files are saved in RTF,
TXT or HTML format.
# NOTE: If a Mission Folder is selected, the file save dialog box

will automatically point to the Mission Folder.
Preview • Click this button to get an on-screen preview of how the printed
report(s) will look.
5-21

Print • Click <Print> to print the results to the default printer.
5.8 Tools - Mission Folders (Optional)

"Mission Folders" provides a more organized way of storing mission results. The Mission Folders
screen is activated by clicking on the <Mission Folders > Taskbar button. There are four screens that
allow saving results to a mission folder: "Task Results," "DF Scan Results," "Spectrum Occupancy
Results" and "AVD Results."
Figure 5-8 Scorpio Client Mission Folders Screen
Table 5-8 Scorpio Client Mission Folders Field/Button Item Descriptions

Missions Displays the existing mission folders.
Tasking Orders Displays task orders on a mission folder. Tasking Orders are saved in an
orders.txt file of a mission in the Mission Folder.
Results Displays all reports generated by a mission. This allows the operator file to
easily see the “size” of a mission.
5-22
Table 5-8 Scorpio Client Mission Folders Field/Button Item Descriptions

New The New button creates a new Mission Folder. Unless otherwise specified,
the new mission will be saved under the default name <computer_name>
<current_date>_<current_time>. To name the new folder, simply type in
the new name when folder is selected.
Unselect The Unselect button unselects the selected folder in the Missions box.
This means that results, when saved, will not be saved into any Mission
Folder.
# NOTE: The Mission Folder, with its orders.txt file and any associated result file, must be copied
onto a CD or floppy disk in order to import from or export to another computer. Similarly, the
Mission Folder and its contents must be present when importing from or exporting to another
computer through the network.
5-23
6. SPECTRUM MONITORING DIAGNOSTICS

6.1 Diagnostics – BIST
The BIST/Status Screen is used for testing the components of a Scorpio Server. The BIST and Status
screen allows the operator to perform BIST or obtain BIST status on various subsystems. The operator
can conduct the test and obtain the current status of these subsystems for display. Once testing has been
completed, the results are displayed in the BIST Status dialog box.
Figure 6-1 Scorpio Client BIST Status Dialog Box
The BIST screen differs from what is shown here when connected to a model 8067A/B Spectrum
Processor.
Table 6-1 Scorpio Client BIST Field/Button Item Descriptions

BIST Status Displays the Status of the Spectrum Processor.
Request Status Displays current status of BIST/Diagnostics request.
Issued time The time BIST/Diagnostics request was sent.
Received time The time BIST/Diagnostics results were received.
Request BIST or Pressing this button sends the BIST/Diagnostics request.

Request Diagnostics
6-1
Table 6-1 Scorpio Client BIST Field/Button Item Descriptions

… Save BIST or Diagnostics results to a file. This is not available when
connected to a model 8067 A/B Spectrum Processor.
Diagnostics Allows the operator to run either the BIST or Diagnostics tests. This is not
available when connected to a model 8067 A/B Spectrum Processor.
6.2 Server Workload (Optional)

The Server Workload screen allows the operator to observe the daily workload scheduled for the
currently connected server, so that an operator can decide which server would be the best to use for
pending tasks. The Server Workload screen shows the current workload for the day the operator selects.
Tasks shown will be running, scheduled, or suspended. Completed tasks are not shown.
After the operator selects the desired day for viewing, the <Request Workload> button is pressed.
The operator can then view the tasks for that server. The tasks are initially sorted by their starting time,
but can be subsequently sorted in ascending or descending order by clicking the right mouse button on
any column header. The operator can view where the request originated (the client that scheduled the
task), what type of task has been scheduled, the state of the task, and the start and end times for the task,
as shown in Figure 6-2. For those tasks initiated by the local client, the Client Name is always "Local,"
and the data is displayed in blue; otherwise the data is in black.
Figure 6-2 Server Workload Screen
6-2
Table 6-2 Server Workload Field/Button Item Description

Time of Response Gives operator the time the server workload was requested.
Server running in Priority Shows operator status of Priority Mode. A server is in Priority Mode
Mode (Optional) if (1) a DF scan task with “Record Audio” is currently running or (2)
the Take Priority mode is selected on the Monitor Receiver screen.
When the server is in Priority Mode, all other requests are
suspended until the Priority request is complete.
The clients that scheduled the task on that server, identified by:
Client IP The IP Address
Client Name The host name of the computer running the client
Type The type of task (Metrics = Task Calendar, AVD, DF Scan, or

Spectrum Occupancy).
State Shows the state of the request (scheduled, running or suspended).
Start When the task will begin (if scheduled) or began (if running or
suspended).
End When the task will finish.
Request Workload for day The date the operator wants to look at the server’s schedule.
Request Workload Clicking on this button will show the operator the workload for the
selected day.
6-3
7. SCORPIO SYSTEM ERROR MESSAGES

7.1 Troubleshooting Guide
Table 7-1 Scorpio Client Error Messages Symptom/Solution
Symptom Solution
When trying to schedule a task in the ScorpioClient.MDB is read-only; you must make it writeable
Task Calendar, a message displays (use Explorer or File Manager to remove read-only (R)
“Operation must use an updateable attribute.
query” or “Query not updateable.”
When starting Scorpio Client, a message
displays “Cannot delete data.”
When in Task Calendar, a message ScorpioClient.MDB is read-only; you must make it writeable
displays “Syntax error or access (use Explorer or File Manager to remove read-only (R)
violation.” attribute.
Task Calendar cannot schedule a task Not connected to measurement service (Scorpio service)
because the <Schedule> button is
disabled. Selected date/time is in the past
Exceeded 255 tasks in 1 day
Exceeded 10 tasks in currently selected time slot
BIST - <Request BIST> or <Request Not connected to measurement service

Diagnostics> button disabled. BIST or Diagnostics tests currently in progress
Rejected connect by client clientname This message indicates that another workstation is currently
logged on to the same Server and is currently displaying
Pan data (Monitor Receiver, Pan or Pushbutton DF window).
Scorpio Server only provides one interactive socket to
communicate with Clients. Therefore an interactive socket
can only be provided to only one Client at a time. Any
request for the interactive socket when it is unavailable will
be rejected, and the error message will be displayed across
the pan window area. The message will remain until the
interactive socket is retrieved.
# NOTE: Scorpio Client application will not

automatically retry requesting for the interactive
socket. It will be the user’s responsibility to keep
requesting (by clicking Run button or clicking
Dialog’s icon at the taskbar)
7-1
Symptom Solution
No audio is recorded using the Audio Verify that the “What u Hear” or “Digital Stereo Mix” volume
Recorder in the Monitor Receiver screen. control is selected as the recording device. This is done in
the Windows Volume Control Application.
Recorded audio includes background
noise. If the “Digital Stereo Mix” volume control is not shown as a
recording device, modify the “DigitalStereoMix” key in the
Windows registry from the value 00 to 01. Add the (binary)
key if it does not exist. This issue is prevalent on DELL
laptops with a SigmaTel Audio card. To modify the Windows
registry, run the regedit or regedt32 command. The
DigitalStereoMix key is found at
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Cont
rol\Class\4D36E96C-E325-11CE-BFC1-
08002BE10318\0005\Settings\filter\rear. Once the value is
set to 01, close the registry editor and reboot the machine.
Then verify that the “Digital Stereo Mix” volume control is
selected as the recording device.
Waterfall/Spectrogram
Graph Updates very slowly. Decrease “Request Time” value in [Waterfall Display]
section for ScorpioClient.ini file.
While in Waterfall/Spectrogram graph Increase “Request Time” value in [Waterfall Display] section
mode, the application does not respond for ScorpioClient.ini file.
to mouse clicks.
After connecting to a Server while Scorpio Server’s computer is not set to GMT time. Go to
running Scorpio Client, the computers Date/Time application in the Windows Control Panel on the
systems clock time changes to the wrong Scorpio Server, and choose (GMT) Greenwich Mean Time:
time. Dublin, Edinburgh, London, Lisbon” time zone. Then clear
the “Automatically adjust clock for daylight saving changes”
checkbox.
Spectrum Occupancy
When scheduling an occupancy task, the The initialization file, “ScorpioClient.ini,” has read only
message “The changes you requested to properties. Find the initialization file (usually in the “c:\winnt”
the table were not successful because directory), and clear the read only property checkbox.
they would create duplicate values in the
index, primary key, or relationship.
Change the data in the field or fields that
contain duplicate data, remove the index,
or redefine the index to permit duplicate
entries and try again” is displayed.
7-2
Symptom Solution
When scheduling Occupancy Task, the The band/s in the list has exceeded the maximum number of
message “Occupancy Task has too channels allowed. Reduce the number of channels by
many channels. Edit Bandlist to decrease several ways (each can be used as a solution in itself):
channels” is displayed.
• Edit the band/s to have smaller ranges for start and stop
frequencies.
• Change bandwidth to a larger value.
• Increase the storage interval time.
• Exclude bands.
# NOTE: At least one band must be included.

Do not request “Time of Day Results.” Clear its checkbox in
the Graphical Representations group.
Decrease the fixed duration time.
Start Up
Windows restarts when starting Scorpio There is no properly programmed dongle key plugged into
Client. the parallel or USB port.
The dongle key is damaged (needs to be replaced).
The parallel or USB port is not available.
7.2 BIST Processing Logic

The Scorpio Client contains self-test logic to determine the operational status of the system. This test
logic performs tests on all of the system's server hardware components, attempts to discover any hardware
fault, and provides maintenance personnel with enough information to determine the location of the fault.
The test is initiated by performing a BIST operation at a Scorpio Client workstation that has a network
connection to the Scorpio Server to be tested.
To make full use of the BIST fault and status indications, the person that interprets these indicators
should possess a basic understanding of the function of each hardware component and the signal paths
(RF, IF or baseband, digital, and audio) throughout the system. The Scorpio Client contains various BIST
signal sources throughout the system. Knowing where each of these signal sources is located in the
system and how it is used during BIST will aid in interpreting the BIST results.
The BIST processing logic is fully automatic without any human interaction to change hardware
configuration or witness test results.
Three different processors are used to determine the operating status of different parts of the total
system. The CPU (Pentium processor) provides the status indicators for the global positioning system
(GPS), fluxgate compass, and a portion of the DSP card. The node B DSP tests the node B DSP portion of
the DSP card. The node A DSP performs some additional DSP tests pertaining to node A processing and
tests all of the remaining hardware components. These hardware components are: A/D & NBT card,
Clock/Ref card, A/D & I/O card, Audio Switch card, RF/IF MUX card, VHF receiver cards, HF DF
7-3
receiver, HF metrics receiver, HF DF switch, VHF DF switch, UHF DF switch, HF antenna, VHF
antenna, and UHF antenna.
The sequence of the BIST processing logic is important when interpreting the BIST results. The BIST
processing logic in the node A DSP does not stop when a fault has been determined -- it continues
through all of the tests. This can result in multiple faults being reported that were all caused by a single
failure. Knowing which fault was detected first in the BIST processing logic will isolate the hardware
component (or possible components), which is faulty. The test sequence starts at the CPU and tests
hardware components in the reverse order of the normal signal flow -- processors, digitizers, receivers,
antenna switches, and antennas. The exact sequence of hardware components tested during the BIST
processing logic depends on the type of server connected. The following are examples of what is tested.
• Global Positioning System (GPS)
• Fluxgate Compass
• DSP Card
• Clock/Ref Card
• A/D & NBT Card
• Audio Switch Card
• A/D & I/O Card
• HF Chassis
• HF DF Receiver
• RF/IF MUX Card (IF portion)
• HF Metrics Receiver
• HF DF Switch
• HF Antenna
• VHF Receiver
• UHF DF Switch
• RF/IF MUX Card (RF portion)
• UHF Antenna
• VHF DF Switch
• VHF Antenna
When running BIST and an error is detected, an error message is displayed on the Scorpio Client
display. Errors can occur for various reasons such as equipment failures, software errors, and others.
7-4
APPENDIX A DATABASE MANAGEMENT

Map Maintenance
The Client applications support Geographic 2D map data files in a latitude/longitude (units in
degrees) coordinate system. The Datum used should be WGS84, and the projection is UTM.
In order to Add/Remove/Modify map references, modify the ‘MapInfo’ database table.
• Modify the ScorpioClient.mdb database (remember to hold down the <Shift> keyboard key while
opening the ScorpioClient.mdb file).
• Add (or remove) map data files on the workstation’s hard disk.
o For Shape files, this includes mapfile.shp, mapfile.dbf and mapfile.shx
o For Bitmap files, this includes mapfile.bmp and mapfile.bpw
o For TIFF files, this includes mapfile.tif and mapfile.tfw
o For JPEG file, this includes mapfile.jpg and mapfile.jgw
Note that the mapfile.??w file is a world transformation file that indicates where in the world the map
image represents.
Note: You must use Microsoft Access 2003 when modifying the ScorpioClient.mdb database.
The ‘MapInfo’ table is described below
Table A-1 MapInfo Database Table
Field Name Description

ID Automatically numbered when a new map reference (row) is added.
Region Region name in English. This is displayed in the "Map Display" screen as
the 'Region' dropdown list.
Region (Chinese) Region name in Chinese. This is displayed in the "Map Display" screen as
the 'Region' dropdown list. If omitted, use English from 'Region' field.
Region (French) Region name in French. This is displayed in the "Map Display" screen as the
'Region' dropdown list. If omitted, use English from 'Region' field.
Region (Spanish) Region name in Spanish. This is displayed in the "Map Display" screen as
the 'Region' dropdown list. If omitted, use English from 'Region' field.
Default Select this for every map reference (row) of the region to be displayed by
default
Layer Layer name in English. This is displayed in the "Layer" dialog.
Layer (Chinese) Layer name in Chinese. This is displayed in the "Layer" dialog. If omitted,
use English from 'Layer' field. This field may not be present in the database.
Layer (French) Layer name in French. This is displayed in the "Layer" dialog. If omitted, use
English from 'Layer' field. This field may not be present in the database.
Layer (Spanish) Layer name in Spanish. This is displayed in the "Layer" dialog. If omitted,
A-1
use English from 'Layer' field. This field may not be present in the database.
Layer Description Description of the layer (not visible by the application)

Layer File Path Fully qualified path to the map file, including map file name and extension.
For shape files, refer to only the .shp file. For Bitmap, TIFF and JPEG files,
refer to the .BMP, .TIF and .JPG file.
Type "Map": For SHP, map lines and polygons such as rivers and roads.
"SymbolMap": For SHP, map points such as cities and points of interest.
"Label": For SHP, map text such as city and road names. "Image": For
Bitmap, TIFF and JPEG map files.
Associated Field For SHP file "Label" types, this indicates the column name in the associated
DB Name .DBF file that holds the map text
Visible Determines if the map (layer) will be displayed in the Map Display screen or
not. This is changed by the operator by selecting/deselecting the 'visible'
column in the "Layer Control" dialog
Red For SHP files: The RED component of the RGB color for the map
Green For SHP files: The GREEN component of the RGB color for the map
Blue For SHP files: The BLUE component of the RGB color for the map
Display Order For each 'Region', this specifies the order in which the maps are displayed.
The map with a 'Display Order' of 1 is drawn first, then 2, then 3, etc...
Proj Specifies the project
The format of the world transformation file (.tfw, .bpw and .jgw) are described below (only the first 6
lines are used)
Scale(x)
0.000000000000
0.000000000000
Scale(y)
Long(dec)
Lat(dec)
where:
Long(dec) = upper left corner longitude in decimal degrees

Lat(dec) = upper left corner latitude in decimal degrees
Scale(x) = abs(W(km) / (111.1 * cos(Lat(dec))) / W(pixels))
Scale(y) = -(H(km) / 111.1 / H(pixels))
W(pixels) = width in pixels. Taken directly from BMP/TIF/JPG file properties

H(pixels) = height in pixels. Taken directly from BMP/TIF/JPG file properties
W(km) = width in kilometers
H(km) = height in kilometers
A-2
For example:
1deg26'28" N = upper left corner latitude

103deg39'19"E = upper left corner longitude
3447 pixels = W(pixels). Taken directly from BMP/TIF file properties
3766 pixels = H(pixels). Taken directly from BMP/TIF file properties
14.5 km = W(km)
10.5 km = H(km)
Long(dec) = upper left corner longitude in decimal degrees

= 103.6553
Lat(dec) = upper left corner latitude in decimal degrees
= 1.4411
Scale(x) = abs(W(km) / (111.1 * cos(Lat(dec))) / W(pixels))
= abs(14.5 / (111.1 * cos(1.4411)) / 3447)
= abs(14.5 / (111.1 * 0.9996837) / 3447)
= abs(14.5 / 111.06486 / 3447)
= abs(0.00003787)
= 0.00003787
Scale(y) = -(H(km) / 111.1 / H(pixels))
= -(10.5 / 111.1 / 3766)
= -0.000025095
The resulting .tfw/.bfw/.jpw would be:
0.00003787
0.000000000000
0.000000000000
-0.000025095
103.6553
1.4411
A-3
Scorpio Client Database Maintenance

The Scorpio Client application uses a Microsoft Access database (ScorpioClient.mdb) to store data
retrieved from the Scorpio Servers. There is a size limit of 2GB imposed by Microsoft.
The ScorpioClient.mdb file should be compacted and repaired occasionally. This can be done
manually (as described below), or it can be scheduled to happen at regular intervals using the Windows
Task Scheduler (please refer to the Windows Help for more information). Create a batch file (which is a
text document with a .bat extension) with the command-line to compact and repair the database; run the
.bat file as the scheduled task.
The .bat file should look something like: “path_to_msaccess.exe” “C:\Program files\TCIBR\Scorpio
Client\Database\ScorpioClient.mdb”/compact
An example of the batch file is listed below (just make sure the path to the msaccess.exe is correct for
the workstation).
“C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\OFFICE11\msaccess” “C:\Program Files\TCIBR\Scorpio
Client\Database\scorpioclient.mdb”/compact
A-4
APPENDIX B SCORPIO ROUTER EXTERNAL

INTERFACE (OPTIONAL)
RSMS NET
User Router
Station 1 DFLS NET Station 6
Station 5
Station 2
Station 3 Station 4
Remote DFLS Subnet
Figure B-1 Remote DFLS Subnet
The Scorpio Router treats the RSMS as a client, accepting requests. These requests are in the form of
messages. The following request messages are accepted by the Scorpio Router: "Connection Request,"
"Station List Request," "Station Connect Request," and "Bearing Request." The Scorpio Router shall send
appropriate response messages (back) to the RSMS for the "Station List Request," "Station Connect
Request," and the "Bearing Request." There is no response to the "Connection Request."
A communications module is provided that allows the DFLS to be tasked from other systems. The
router module shall reside on the CC Workstation computers. This router module shall use the TCP/IP
protocol and shall provide a service socket interface to all external users. Once a connection is
established, the external user may maintain this connection for as long as is required.
The router service shall provide the interface service using TCP/IP port number 2732.
The router service application shall wait for connections from external users. Once a connection is
established, the user shall request a list of stations from the router. Only those stations to which the router
application has been successfully connected will be available to the external users for bearing requests.
External users can send a Station Connect Request to try to enable a connection between the Router and a
DF station. The user will then have the ability to task the DF network as described below.
The typical sequence of events is as follows:
1. Send "Connection Request" message.
B-1
2. Send "Station List Request" message to determine if the desired station is currently connected to
the Scorpio Router.
3. If the desired station(s) is not currently connected, send a "Station Connect Request" message for
each station. The router will attempt to connect to the station(s) over WAN. When connecting a
new station, the response message will be returned only after the station is successfully
connected, or after it times out (approx. 3.5 minutes).
When a station is connected, the Scorpio Router will maintain the WAN link until it is
disconnected with the appropriate message.
4. When all desired stations are connected, send "Bearing Request" message to desired stations.
5. When finished requesting bearings, send a "Station Connect" message to the appropriate stations
to disconnect them.
The Scorpio Router does not queue DF requests. If a bearing measurement is in progress, a Busy
message will be returned.
The message structures utilize the data types listed in the table below. These data types are taken from
the standard C++ language structures used to produce the message transport elements. The data types also
take into account the fact that the Communications Router is hosted on Windows, A 32-bit operating
system. This description does not take into account any big/little endian issues that may arise due to inter-
platform message passing. It is the responsibility of the developer to ensure that the data passed to the
Communication Router arrives with standard IBM PC representation of the data types.
Table B-1 Message Structure Data Types
Data Type Size in bytes
char 1
short int 2
int 4
long 4
float (standard IEEE format) 4
Message: Connection Request

• Description: This message is used to obtain a connection to the DFLS System. This must be the
first message received from a client after a TCP/IP connection is established; any other message is
viewed by the router as an invalid connection request. There is no response to this message. If the
connection request message succeeds, the TCP/IP connection remains open. If the process fails,
the connection is dropped and the service closes Scorpio Client socket.
• Sender: RSMS
• Receiver: DFLS
• Message No.: 65293 decimal
B-2
RSMS DFLS
Send
Format message 65293 Receive
Create connection
Table B-2 Connection Request Message Contents
Field Type Pos Field Name Data Description

Type
MSG_HEADER 0 MessageType long The message number: 65293 decimal
MSG_HEADER 4 MessageLen long The length of the message body in bytes:

128
USER_DATA 8 UserName char[64] User name as a character string. The string

must include a NULL (character 0)
terminator to be considered a valid string.
Only valid user name characters are
allowed in this field as specified by the
Windows operating system. Currently not
validated by the router.
USER_DATA 72 UserPassword char[64] The user password as a character string in

plain text. The string must include a NULL
(character 0) terminator to be considered a
valid string. Only valid password characters
are allowed in this field as specified by the
Windows operating system. Currently not
validated by the router.
Message: Station List Request

• Description: This message is used to obtain the station name, number and connection status for
each defined station in the DFLS System.
• Sender: RSMS
• Receiver: DFLS
B-3
Table B-3 The Station List Request Message

Type
MSG_HEADER 4 MessageLen long The length of the message body in bytes: 0
Message: Station List Response

• Description: This message contains the station name, number and connection status for each
defined station in the DFLS System.
• Sender: DFLS
• Receiver: RSMS
RSMS DFLS
Send
Compile list of stations
Receive Send
Format message 56026
Table B-4 The Station List Response Message

Type

Variable
STATION_DATA 8 NumberStations long The number of stations in the list
STATION_DATA 12 StationNumber long The station number of the first station in the list
STATION_DATA 16 StationName char[24] The first station name in ASCII format. All
unused bytes in the field contain the NULL
character (ASCII 0).
STATION_DATA 40 StationStatus long The current status of the first station 0 = UP any
other value indicates the station is down.
B-4
Table B-4 The Station List Response Message

Type
… … … … …
STATION_DATA Var StationNumber long The station number of the last station in the list
STATION_DATA Var StationName char[24] The last station name in ASCII format. All
unused bytes in the field contain the NULL
character (ASCII 0).
STATION_DATA Var StationStatus long The current status of the last station 0 = UP any
other value indicates the station is down.
Message: Station Connect Request

• Description: This message is used to try to establish (or destroy) a connection between the
Scorpio Router and a station in the DFLS System.
• Sender: RSMS
• Receiver: DFLS
Message: Station Connect Response

• Description: This message contains the station connect/disconnect status of the previous Station
Connect Request.
• Sender: DFLS
• Receiver: RSMS
RSMS DFLS
Send
Attempt to connect /
disconnect
Receive Send
B-5
Table B-5 The Station Connect Request Message
Field Type Pos. Field Name Data Type Description
STATION_CONN 8 ConnectAction char Indicate whether the Scorpio Router

ECT_REQUEST application should try to connect to a station
(ConnectAction = 1), or disconnect
(ConnectAction = 0)
STATION_CONN 9 StationName char[24] DFLS Station Name as a character string.

ECT_REQUEST This string must include a NULL (character 0)
terminator to be considered a valid string.
This string will indicate the station with which
to be connected or disconnected.
Table B-6 The Station Connect Response Message
Field Type Pos. Field Name Data Description

Type

STATION_CONNEC 8 ConnectAction char ConnectAction echoed from the Station
T_RESPONSE Connect Request
STATION_CONNEC 9 StationNumber char The status of the Station Connect Request; 1
T_RESPONSE = success, 0 = unsuccess
STATION_CONNEC 10 StationName char[24] DFLS Station Name as a character string
T_RESPONSE echoed from the Station Connect Request.
This string will include a NULL (character 0)
terminator to make it a valid string.
Message: Bearing Measurement Request

• Description: This message is used to obtain bearing measurements from the DFLS System. The
message contains the frequency and bandwidth of the target transmitter, a user defined task
number, and a list of stations to be tasked. As each tasked station completes the measurement, a
Bearing Measurement Response message is returned.
• Sender: RSMS
• Receiver: DFLS
B-6
Table B-7 The Bearing Measurement Request Message

Type

Variable
BEARING_REQUEST 8 Frequency long The desired measurement frequency in

hertz
BEARING_REQUEST 12 Bandwidth long The desired bandwidth of the

measurement.
BEARING_REQUEST 20 TaskNumber Unsigne The user defined task number.

d long
BEARING_REQUEST 24 NumberStations Unsigne The number of stations in the station list

d long
BEARING_REQUEST 28 StationNumber Unsigne The station number of the first

d long measurement station to be included in the
bearing measurement
… … … … …
BEARING_REQUEST Var StationNumber Unsigne The station number of the final
d long measurement station to be included in the
bearing measurement
Message: Bearing Measurement Response

• Description: One message of this type is returned from each station in the task list. The task
number provided in the bearing request message is echoed in this message. The message always
contains the location of the station to accommodate mobile stations.
• Sender: DFLS
• Receiver: RSMS
RSMS DFLS
Send
Task DFLS station(s)
Receive Send
...
B-7
Table B-8 The Bearing Measurement Response Message

Type
MSG_HEADER 0 MessageType Long The message number: 57005
decimal
MSG_HEADER 4 MessageLen Long The length of the message body in

bytes: 72
GPS_RESPONSE 8 GPSstatus Long The GPS data status:

0 indicates a good status
-1 indicates a GPS error condition
Note: Additional error codes may be
added as required.
GPS_RESPONSE 12 Date Year Long The year of the measurement in full

form i.e. 1998, 2001 etc.
GPS_RESPONSE 16 Date Month Long The month of the measurement.

The range of this value is 1 – 12.
GPS_RESPONSE 20 Date Day Long The day on which the measurement

was completed. The range of this
value is 1 – 31.
GPS_RESPONSE 24 Date Hour Long The hour at which the measurement

was completed. The range of this
value is 0 – 23.
GPS_RESPONSE 28 Date Minute Long The minute at which the

measurement was completed. The
range of this value is 0 – 59.
GPS_RESPONSE 32 Date Second Long The Second at which the

measurement was completed. The
range of this value is 0 – 59.
GPS_RESPONSE 36 Latitude Long This value provides the latitude at

which the bearing measurement
was taken. The field is provided in
fixed-point hundredths of degrees
(+ North, - South). The range of this
value is –9000 to 9000.
GPS_RESPONSE 40 Longitude Long This value provides the longitude at

which the bearing measurement
was taken. The field is provided in
fixed-point hundredths of degrees
(+ East, - West). The range of this
value is –18000 to 18000.
B-8

Type
BEARING_RESPONSE 44 BearingStatus Long The bearing measurement status.

0 indicates a good status. If this
field is not 0, all other fields in the
message related to the bearing
measurement may be ignored.
-1 indicates a failure to obtain a
bearing due to scheduling or
hardware problems.
-2 indicates that no stations are
connected at the time of the bearing
request
-3 indicates that the router
application is currently busy with
another request (the external client
should try again later)
-4 indicates that one or more of the
DF measurement request
parameters are invalid. The
parameters include DF frequency,
DF Bandwidth, and the list of
stations being tasked. An invalid list
of stations is a list that includes the
same station more than once, or a
list that includes more than the
maximum number of stations
(currently 100).
added as required.
BEARING_RESPONSE 48 fluxgateStatus Long The status of the flux gate

compass.
0 indicates a good status.
-1 indicates a failure to obtain a
reading from the device due or
hardware problems.
added as required.
BEARING_RESPONSE 52 headingCorrection Unsigned If the fluxgateStatus field is 0, this

long field contains the fixed point bearing
correction factor in hundredths of
degrees. The range of this value is
0 to 35999.
B-9

Type
BEARING_RESPONSE 56 numSumCuts Unsigned If the BearingStatus field is 0, this

long field contains the number of data
points collected during the bearing
measurement. This value may be
used to determine the overall
quality of the bearing measurement.
A small number of samples may
indicate a questionable result even
when the bearing quality is high.
This value also aids in the
interpretation of the standard
deviation field.
BEARING_RESPONSE 60 bearing Unsigned If the BearingStatus field is 0, this

long field contains the fixed point
measured bearing in hundredths of
0 to 35999. This bearing value is
relative to the current “direction” of
the station. To obtain an absolute
bearing, add the “headingCorrection
value to this ‘bearing” value.
BEARING_RESPONSE 64 Bearing Quality Unsigned If the BearingStatus field is 0, this

long field contains the bearing quality
factor. The field has a range of 0 to
100. Zero indicates very poor
measurement, 100 indicates a very
good measurement.
BEARING_RESPONSE 68 stdDev Unsigned If the BearingStatus field is 0, this

long field contains the fixed-point
standard deviation of the measured
bearing data in hundredths of
0 to 35999.
BEARING_RESPONSE 72 Station Number Unsigned The station identification number.

long
-1 if the station cannot be found
-2 if there are no stations connected
at the time of the bearing request
-3 if the router application is
currently busy with another request
BEARING_RESPONSE 76 Task Number Unsigned User defined task number

long
B-10
APPENDIX C SCORPIO ADMINISTRATION (OPTIONAL)
Figure C-1 Scorpio Admin Main Screen
Table C-1 Scorpio Admin Main Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions

Access Database This allows the workstation user to select the database to be used for storing
Netted DF/Audio Netted DF and Audio “.wav” files. Refer to Figure C-4 and Table C-4 for
more information.
Configure Scorpio The Configure Scorpio Client dialog boxes to setup which database will be
Clients used to store measurement information and priority hierarchy. To setup the
station’s capabilities for storing Homing DF Netted DF and Audio information
as well as to set a priority ranking value to be used refer to Figure C-8 and
Table C-8 for more information.
Master Database This button displays stored database information for Netted DF Requests.
Netted DF Information includes the ID Number of the Tasker Station where the request
originated as well as the number assigned to the request by the system.
Information includes the Fix ID Number whether or not the FIX was validated
and at what time the FIX was obtained. Refer to Figure C-2 and Table C-2
for a description of the dialog box and item or button descriptions.
Master Database This button opens a query screen that allows the user to query the database
Request/Response and receive returned results based on that query. Figure C-2 through Figure
C-10 and Table C-9 describes how to use this data retrieval feature.
Exit Exits the Scorpio Admin program.
C-1
Figure C-2 Admin Access Database for Netted DF Audio Screen
Table C-2 Scorpio Access Database for Netted DF Audio Field/Button Item Descriptions

Select Database Type These radio buttons allow the user to select the database to connect to.
Local Backup Select the radio button for “Local Backup Database” for connection only to the
Regional local workstation. To choose from the list of Regional Databases, the user will
Workstation Backup select the Radio Button for “Regional Database.” For a full choice of Regional
Database and additional workstations for those regions, the user selects the
radio button for “Workstation Backup Database.”
Regions Select the desired Region’s radio button for a display list of the Regional
Databases to connect to.
Workstations Select the desired Region radio button and then the desired Workstation.
Connect DB Once the user has made their selections, he must click the <Connect DB>
button for his changes to be applied. After connection is established, the user
may then select the appropriate button for query results.
Netted DF After connection to the desired database is established, the user may then
select the <Netted DF> button to query the database for Netted DF results.
Audio After connection to the desired database is established, the user may then
select the <Audio> button to query the database for Audio results.
Close Closes this dialog box.
C-2
Figure C-3 Scorpio Admin Query Netted DF Screen
Table C-3 Scorpio Admin Query Netted DF Field/Button Item Descriptions
Frequency (MHz) Type in the range for the desired Frequency
Time Of Request Type in the range for the desired time the request was submitted.
Target Latitude (deg) Enter the Target Latitude in degrees.
Target Longitude (deg) Enter the Target Longitude in degrees.
Call Sign Enter the desired Call Sign
Query Once all or portions of the data to be queried has been entered, the user
begins the search by pressing the <Query> button.
C-3
Figure C-4 Scorpio Admin Netted DF Screen
Table C-4 Scorpio Admin Netted DF Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions

Netted Request Displays the information stored with this Netted DF Request. Information
Tasker ID includes the ID Number of the Tasker Station where the request originated as
Netted Request ID well as the number assigned to the request by the system.
Time of Request
Frequency (MHz)
Bandwidth (Hz)
Confidence (%)
Dwell (ms)
Repeat Count
Callsign
Fix Info Displays the information stored with the Netted Fix Results. Information
Fix ID includes the Fix ID Number, whether or not the FIX was validated and at what
Valid Fix time the FIX was obtained.
Time of Fix
Target Latitude (°)
Target Longitude (°)
Major Axis (m)
Minor Axis (m)
Orientation
Callsign
Map This button opens the Map Display dialog box.
Close This closes the Netted DF Information dialog box.
C-4
Table C-4 Scorpio Admin Netted DF Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions

Bearings Used List This scroll list displays all of the relative station information used for this Netted
FIX. The time that the measurement was made, and the Latitude and
Longitude of the Station where the measurement was made. Also displayed is
the Azimuth received, the confidence that was assigned, and the range of the
FIX. The Measurement Server Name and a “Yes/No” display of whether or not
this measurement was included in the FIX.
Figure C-5 Scorpio Admin Map Display Screen
C-5
Figure C-6 Detailed view of Scorpio Admin Map Screen
Table C-5 Scorpio Admin Netted DF Map Display Field/Button Item Descriptions

Cursor Position Displays the Latitude and Longitude in degrees:minutes: seconds or
X, Y Universal Transverse Mercator results of the last FIX obtained. Results are
Deg Min Sec shown in degrees:minutes:seconds or in UTM coordinates.
Decimal Degree
Zoom Out Pans out so that more of the map is displayed.
Default Size Displays the view of the map that was last saved as the default size.
Save Default Re-defines the default size of the map to the currently selected view.
Region Selection The user may select the desired Regional map to be displayed.
Print Map Prints a copy of the Map in its current view.
Close Closes the Map Display
Station Location blocks The Station Location blocks are displayed in red. Lines of Bearing,
and Lines of Bearing indicates where the emitter of the signal of interest lies.
C-6
Figure C-7 Scorpio Client Database Query Audio Files Criteria Screen
Table C-6 Scorpio Client Query Audio Files Field/Button Item Descriptions

Frequency (MHz) Type in the range for the desired Frequency
Date Stored Type in the range for the desired date the “.wav” file was saved.
File Name Type in the desired file name to be retrieved.
Call Sign Enter the desired Call Sign
Server Name Enter the name of Scorpio Server that was tasked with the request.
begins the search by pressing the Query button.
C-7
Figure C-8 Scorpio Admin Audio Files Database Information Screen
Table C-7 Scorpio Admin Audio Files Database Information Field/Button Item Descriptions

Frequency (MHz) Displays the Frequency that the Monitor Receiver was tuned to when the
recording of the “.wav” file was made.
Date Stored Displays the date the “.wav” file was received
Callsign Displays the Callsign that was assigned to the received signal.
Server Name Displays the name of Scorpio Server that was tasked with the
measurement of the signal recorded.
Backup Displays whether the “.wav” file has been previously backed up.
Audio File Name Displays the name of the “.wav” file.
Back Clicking this button takes the user back to the Query Audio Files screen.
C-8
Figure C-9 Scorpio Admin Configure Client Screen
Table C-8 Scorpio Admin Configure Client Screen Field/Button Item Descriptions

Select Non-Local Backup These radio buttons allow the user to setup which non-local
Access Database database will be used to store measurement information. By
Select Region selecting the Region and desired Workstation, the user is able to
Select Workstation specify which Regional Station will store the backed up data for
later retrieval.
Set Configuration The Set Configuration section allows the user to setup the each
Priority of the workstation’s capabilities for Homing DF Netted DF and
Homing DF Audio information while allowing each user to assign a priority
Netted DF ranking value.
Audio
Connect DB Once the individual user selects which Region and/or which
Workstation will be used for all non-local backups, the <Connect
DB> must be pressed for changes to take affect.
Close This closes the dialog box.
Apply This button applies any selections that have been made.
C-9
Figure C-10 Scorpio Admin Query DF Request/DF Response Screen
Table C-9 Scorpio Admin Query DF Request/DF Response Field/Button Item Descriptions

Frequency (MHz) Type in the search range for the desired Frequency
Time of Request Type in the search range for the desired time the request was submitted.
Target Latitude (deg) Enter the target search range for Latitude in degrees.
Target Longitude Enter the target search range for Longitude in degrees.
(deg)
Call Sign Enter the desired search Call Sign
Workstation Name Enter the name of the Workstation that was tasked with the request.
begins the search by pressing the <Query> button.
C-10
APPENDIX D TCI LICENSE FILE DATA FORMAT AND

REQUIREMENTS
License File Format
The license file used to import license data into the TCI Scorpio applications possesses the following
attributes:
• The file is an ASCII text file with a .LIC file extension
• Each line in the file describes one license.
• Each line in the file ends with a carriage-return and a line-feed character pair (ASCII “0D 0A”).
• There are 14 fields associated with each license, delimited by a semicolon ";" character. Each of
these fields is described in Table D-1.
• Any field may contain a "null" (i.e., nil data), however those fields marked as "Yes" in the "AVD
Req’d" column in Table 1 must contain valid and accurate data if Automatic Violation Detection
(AVD) functionality is to be used.
• Semicolons must not be present within the license data.
The following line of text is a valid example of one license/line definition within a license file:
140;A007;Fixed;123;2000;102500000;1;200000;360;CONATEL;KDONFM;36.7564;-121.501421;A
If, however, fields 4 and 7 were not used by your regulatory body, then in the above example the
license line would appear as:
140;A007;Fixed;;2000;102500000;;200000;360;CONATEL;KDONFM;36.7564;-121.501421;A
Table D-1 License File Fields
AVD
Field Description Data Type Req’d Limits Units Example
?
1 Frequency ID Number No Integral Nil 140
2 License Number Alpha-numeric text No 50 characters maximum Nil Bond-007
3 License Type Alpha-numeric text No 50 characters maximum Nil Fixed
4 Reference Number Alpha-numeric text No 50 characters maximum Nil 123-Q
5 Assigned Number No Integral Hz 2200

Frequency
Deviation
6 Assigned Number Yes Integral Hz 102500000

Frequency
7 Preferred Band Number No Integral Nil 1
8 Assigned Number Yes Integral Hz 200000

Bandwidth
D-1
Table D-1 License File Fields
AVD
?
9 Channel Number Number Yes Integral Nil 360
10 Organization Alpha-numeric text No 255 characters maximum Nil CONATEL
11 Callsign Alpha-numeric text No 50 characters maximum Nil KDONFM
12 Latitude of emitter Number Yes Six decimal places Degrees 36.7

maximum
13 Longitude of Number Yes Six decimal places Degrees -121.501421

emitter maximum
14 Equipment Type Alpha-numeric text No 50 characters maximum Nil RCS-7D
Creating a License File Using Microsoft Excel

These instructions were generated using Microsoft Excel 2000. The instructions may vary slightly if
using a different version of Excel, however the same concepts are applicable.
Warning: The following steps assume that commas are not used within the license data.
The following describes how an operator can create a license file from an Excel (.XLS) spreadsheet
file suitable for importing into Scorpio Client.
1. Populate spreadsheet with license data: Create an empty Excel .xls spreadsheet file and add the
license data described in Table D-1 into each column.
• If there is no data for a field, a "space" must be added in the column (press the <spacebar>
key on the keyboard to insert a "space"). Every license must contain some value for columns
1 through 14. This value can be either actual license data (if available) or a "space." (If data
or a space is absent for any fields, the subsequent steps will fail to have the correct number of
delimiters inserted.)
• Be sure to enter the Latitude and Longitude data as decimal degrees. For example,
23.97083333 and 120.96250000. If you set Latitude as “23N5815,” this can easily be
converted to decimal notation by Excel. In different cells, extract the degrees part (“23”), the
direction ("N"), the minutes part ("58") and the seconds part ("15") by using the LEFT( ) and
RIGHT( ) worksheet functions.
Latitude conversion example:
For example, assume that the latitude "12N5815" is in cell A1. Place each of the following in the cells
B1 through F1:
Cell B1: To extract the degrees part use “=LEFT(A1, 2).” This results in the extraction of the
value "12."
Cell C1: To extract the direction part use “=LEFT(RIGHT(A1,5),1)”. This results in the
extraction of the value "N."
D-2
Cell D1: To extract the minutes part use “=LEFT(RIGHT(A1,4),2)”. This results in the extraction
of the value "58."
Cell E1: To extract the seconds part use “=RIGHT(A1,2)”. This results in the extraction of the
value "15."
Cell F1: Add the following formula to convert to decimal degrees:
“=IF(T(C1)="N",(B1+(D1/60)+(E1/3600)), -(B1+(D1/60)+(E1/3600))).” This results in
the extraction of the value “23.9708333.”
Longitude conversion example:
For Longitude conversion, assume "120E5745" is in cell G1. Place each of the following in the cells
H1 through L1:
Cell H1: To extract the degrees part use “=LEFT(G1, 3).” This results in the extraction of the
value "120."
Cell I1: To extract the direction part use “=LEFT(RIGHT(G1,5),1). This results in the extraction
of the value "E."
Cell J1: To extract the minutes part use “=LEFT(RIGHT(G1,4),2). This results in the extraction
of the value "57."
Cell K1: To extract the seconds part use “=RIGHT(G1,2). This results in the extraction of the
value "45."
Cell L1: Add the following formula to convert to decimal degrees:
“=IF(T(W79)="E",(V79+(X79/60)+(Y79/3600)) ,-(V79+(X79/60)+(Y79/3600)))”. This
results in the extraction of the value “120.96250000”
The above steps will have succeeded in converting both latitude and longitude into decimal
degrees.
2. Validate data: Verify that the Excel spreadsheet contains data (or a space) in every row for each
of columns 1 through 14.
3. Save file as CSV: From the menu, select “File, Save As.” In the “Save As Type” dropdown list,
select “CSV” (Comma Separated Variable) and press the <Save> button. A message requesting
the following will then appear: “file.csv may contain features that are not compatible with CSV
(Comma delimited). Do you want to keep the workbook in this format?” Press the <Yes> button.
Close Excel, and if asked to “Save changes to file.csv?” Press the <No> button.
4. Edit the file using a text editor: Open the newly created file.csv file using a text editor such as
WordPad, and replace all commas with semicolons, and replace all spaces with nulls:
Replace all commas with semicolons: From the menu select "Edit, Replace…".
• In the "Find what" box, enter a comma ",".
• In the "Replace with" box, enter a semicolon ";".
• Press the <Replace All> button.
• Press <Ok> when the replacements are finished.
• Press the <Cancel> button to close the "Replace" dialog.
D-3
Replace all spaces with nulls: For example, from the menu select "Edit, Replace…".
• In the “Find what:” box enter a "space" (press the <spacebar> key on the keyboard).
• Ensure the “Replace with:” box is empty.
• Press the <Replace All> button.
• Press <Ok> when the replacements are finished.
• Press the <Cancel> button to close the "Replace" dialog.
5. Save file: When asked “You are about to save the document in a Text-Only format, which will
remove all formatting. Are you sure you want to do this?” Press the <Yes> button. Close
WordPad.
6. Rename file: Rename from file.csv to file.lic.
7. Import license file into Scorpio: The file.lic file can now be imported into Scorpio Client by
pressing the <Import> button in the AVD screen
D-4
APPENDIX E TCI SERVICE BAND FILE DATA

FORMAT AND REQUIREMENTS
Service Band File Format
The service band file used to import service band data into the TCI Scorpio applications possesses the
following attributes:
• The file is an ASCII text file with a .FRG file extension
• Each line in the file describes one service band.
• Each line in the file ends with a carriage-return and a line-feed character pair (ASCII “0D 0A”).
• There are 9 fields associated with each service band, delimited by a semicolon ";" character. Each
of these fields is described in Table E-1.
• Any field may contain a "null" (i.e., nil data), however those fields marked as "Yes" in the "AVD
Req’d" column in Table 1 must contain valid and accurate data if Automatic Violation Detection
(AVD) functionality is to be used.
• Semicolons must not be present within the service band data.
The following line of text is a valid example of one service band/line definition within a service band
file:
1;FM;88.1;108.0;;;0.002;0.2;FM Broadcast Band
If, however, field 2 is not used, then in the above example the license line would appear as:
1;;88.1;108.0;;;0.002;0.2;FM Broadcast Band
Table E-1 Service Band File Fields
AVD
?
1 Index Number No Integral Nil 1

Not used by
Scorpio, should be
used for file
organizational
purposes
2 Modulation Alpha-numeric text No 255 characters maximum Nil FM

Not used by
Scorpio, should be
used for file
organizational
purposes
3 Start Frequency Number Yes Floating Point MHz 88.1
4 End Frequency Number Yes Floating Point MHz 108.0
E-1
Table E-1 Service Band File Fields
AVD
?
5 Display Value --- No --- --- (empty)

Not used by
Scorpio
6 Unit --- No --- --- (empty)

Not used by
Scorpio
7 Frequency Number Yes Floating Point MHz 0.002

Tolerance
Minimum resolution is
Used as the default kHz. (That is, to 3 places
frequency deviation after the decimal.)
tolerance for AVD
comparison
8 Bandwidth Number Yes Floating Point MHz 0.2

Tolerance
Minimum resolution is
Used as the default kHz. (That is, to 3 places
bandwidth after the decimal.)
tolerance for AVD
comparison
9 Description Alpha-numeric text Yes 255 characters maximum Nil FM Broadcast

Displays in the Band
“Band List” screen
Field 1 (Index) and Field 2 (Modulation) are not used by Scorpio and should be used for file
organizational purposes only.
Field 5 (Display Value) and Field 6 (Unit) are not used by Scorpio and should be null (that is, left
empty).
E-2
APPENDIX F SCORPIO CLIENT REPORTS SETUP

AND CONFIGURATION
If your Scorpio Client uses Microsoft® Access 2003 or 2007, follow these instructions to enable
Scorpio Client Reporting.
If using Microsoft® Access 2003

After installing Scorpio Client and Microsoft Access 2003, do the following:
1. Start Microsoft® Access 2003
2. Select the menu “Tools, Macro, Security…”
3. Select “Security Level”
4. Select “Low (not recommended)”
5. If asked to “Block unsafe expressions”, answer “No”
6. Press <OK> and then close Microsoft® Access 2003
If using Microsoft® Access 2007

After installing Scorpio Client and Microsoft® Access 2007, do the following:
1. Start Microsoft® Access 2007
2. Right-click in the Quick-Access Toolbar
3. Select “Customize Quick Access Toolbar…”
4. Select “Trust Center”
5. Press the <Trust Center Settings…> button
6. Select “Trusted Locations”
7. Press the <Add new location…> button
8. Enter (or Browse to) “C:\Program Files\TCIBR\Scorpio Client\Database”
9. Press <OK> three times and then close Microsoft® Access 2007
F-1
APPENDIX G SYSTEM SPECIFICS

The following pages may contain information regarding the specific Scorpio System purchased. If no
pages follow, then this manual contains all required information for the purchased Scorpio Client.
G-1

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Scorpio Client

Manual Number: 0040-8715-15000

47300 Kato Road

TCI Frequency Monitoring Station (Executable Code)

1. SPECTRUM MONITORING DESCRIPTION .............................................................................1-1

4.6 Device Control – Netted DF (Optional) ...............................................................................4-30

APPENDIX G SYSTEM SPECIFICS ............................................................................................G-1

Figure 4-11 Pushbutton DF/Metrics Screen............................................................................................4-27

1. SPECTRUM MONITORING DESCRIPTION

Figure 1-1 Basic Configuration Block Diagram

1.1 Spectrum Monitoring Client (Scorpio Client)

1.2 Spectrum Monitoring Server (Scorpio Server)

2. SCORPIO CLIENT BASICS

2.1 Client-Server Connections – Scorpio Server

2.1.1 Interactive Mode

2.1.2 Scheduled (Calendar) Mode

2.2 Scorpio Client-Server Connections- Windows Time Service

2.3 Introduction to the Scorpio Client Software

2.4 Starting the Scorpio Client Software

2.4.1 To Start the Scorpio Server, Turn on the Spectrum Processor

Turn on Scorpio Server computer.

Allow 10 minutes for software boot and GPS lock.

2.4.2 To Start the Scorpio Client

2. Type your user ID on the login screen, if asked.

Figure 2-2 Scorpio Client File Menu

Table 2-1 Scorpio Client File Menu Item Descriptions

Menu Item Description

Figure 2-3 Scorpio Client View Menu

Table 2-2 Scorpio Client View Menu Item Descriptions

Menu Item Description

Figure 2-4 Scorpio Client Mode Menu

Table 2-3 Scorpio Client Mode Menu Item Descriptions

Menu Item Description

Figure 2-5 Scorpio Client Help Menu

Figure 2-6 About Scorpio Client Screen

Table 2-4 Scorpio Client Status Bar Indicator Item Descriptions

Ready Displays Scorpio Client activity status.

Table 2-4 Scorpio Client Status Bar Indicator Item Descriptions

# NOTE: When the mouse cursor is being navigated

On-line/Off-line Indicates the current operating mode, whether on-line or

Date The current system date.

2.6 Using the Task Bar

Table 2-5 Task Bar Item Descriptions

Task Bar Item Description

• The Task calendar is used to create and store a measurement assignment

Table 2-5 Task Bar Item Descriptions

Task Bar Item Description

• The Monitor Receiver provides interactive control of the receiver unit.

• Pushbutton DF is used to collect DF information at the push of a button. This

Table 2-5 Task Bar Item Descriptions

Task Bar Item Description

• DF Scan screen allows the operator to scan either single or multiple DF

• Spectrum Occupancy gathers information on long time usage of the frequency

• The Occupancy Results presents the information gathered by Spectrum

• The AVD Results screen determines whether the frequency transmission is

Table 2-5 Task Bar Item Descriptions

Task Bar Item Description

2.7 Typing and Editing

Table 2-6 Scorpio Client Keyboard Editing Commands

Press This Key To Do This

Ctrl + Í or Î Move one word to the left or right.

Ctrl + Home Move to the top of the document.

Ctrl + End Move to the bottom of the document.