3.

FAULT ANALYSIS

AIM:
To develop the MATLAB program to determine symmetrical fault current using Zbus Building
algorithm

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
 MATLAB Software

PROBLEM:

CODING:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
format short g
data=[ 0 1 0 0.2
1 2 0 0.8
1 3 0 0.4
2 0 0 0.2
2 3 0 0.4];

Frbus=data(:,1);
Tobus=data(:,2);
R=data(:,3);
X=data(:,4);
Z=R+sqrt(-1)*X;
Nbus=max(max(data(:,1),max(data(:,2))));
Vi=ones(Nbus,1);
elements=length(data(:,1));
zbus=[];
currentbusno=0;
for count=1:elements
[rows columns]=size(zbus);
from=data(count,1);
to=data(count,2);
value=data(count,3)+sqrt(-1)*data(count,4);
newbus=max(from,to);
refbus=min(from,to);
if newbus>currentbusno & refbus==0
zbus=[zbus zeros(rows,1)
zeros(1,columns) value]
currentbusno=newbus;
continue
end
if newbus>currentbusno & refbus~=0
zbus=[zbus zbus(:,refbus)
zbus(refbus,:) value+zbus(refbus,refbus)]
currentbusno=newbus;
continue
end
if newbus<=currentbusno & refbus==0
zbus=zbus-1/(zbus(newbus,newbus)+value)*zbus(:,newbus)*zbus(newbus,:)
continue
end
if newbus<=currentbusno & refbus~=0
zbus=zbus-1/(value+zbus(from,from)+zbus(to,to)-
2*zbus(from,to))*((zbus(:,from)-zbus(:,to))*((zbus(from,:)-zbus(to,:))))
continue
end
end

k=input('Eneter the fault bus: ')

Zf=input('Enter the fault impedance: ');
Zf=(sqrt(-1))*Zf;
falul_Current=Vi(k,1)/(zbus(k,k)+Zf)

for i=1:Nbus
Vf(i)=Vi(i)-zbus(i,k)*falul_Current;
end
Vf

for i=1:elements
if Frbus(i)>0 & Tobus(i)>0
If_line=(Vf(Frbus(i))-Vf(Tobus(i)))/Z(i);
fprintf('Fault current in the lines: %d to %d is ',Frbus(i),Tobus(i));If_line
end
end
OUTPUT:
zbus = 0.0000 + 0.1500i 0.0000 + 0.0500i 0.0000 + 0.1000i
0.0000 + 0.0500i 0.0000 + 0.1500i 0.0000 + 0.1000i
0.0000 + 0.1000i 0.0000 + 0.1000i 0.0000 + 0.3000i

Enter the fault bus: 1

k= 1

Enter the fault impedance: 0.2

falul_Current = 0.0000 - 2.8571i

Vf = 0.5714 0.8571 0.7143

Fault current in the lines: 1 to 2 is

If_line = 0.0000 + 0.3571i

Fault current in the lines: 1 to 3 is

If_line = 0.0000 + 0.3571i

Fault current in the lines: 2 to 3 is

If_line = 0.0000 - 0.3571i

Eneter the fault bus: 2

Enter the fault impedance: 0.2

falul_Current = 0.0000 - 2.8571i

Vf = 0.8571 0.5714 0.7143

Fault current in the lines: 1 to 2 is

If_line = 0.0000 - 0.3571i

Fault current in the lines: 1 to 3 is

If_line = 0.0000 - 0.3571i

Fault current in the lines: 2 to 3 is

If_line = 0.0000 + 0.3571i

Enter the fault bus: 3

Enter the fault impedance: 0.2

falul_Current = 0.0000 - 2.0000i

Vf = 0.8000 0.8000 0.4000

Fault current in the lines: 1 to 2 is

If_line = 0

Fault current in the lines: 1 to 3 is

If_line = 0.0000 - 1.0000i

Fault current in the lines: 2 to 3 is

If_line = 0.0000 - 1.0000i

% data=[1 0 0 0.25
% 1 2 0 0.25
% 2 3 0.6 0.4
% 2 4 0 0.125
% 3 0 0.4 1.25
% 4 3 0 0.2];
% data=[ 0 1 0 0.3650
% 1 2 0.08 0.2
% 1 3 0.04 0.25
% 2 3 0.1 0.35
% 2 0 0 0.28
% 3 0 0 0.3];

RESULT:
The symmetrical fault current using Zbus buiding algorithm was developed in MATLAB
and verified theoretically.