GSB X | Mathematics

Board Paper – 2015 Solution

Gujarat State Board

Class X Mathematics
Board Paper March – 2015 Solution

(PART – A)
1. (D)
D, E and F are the mid-points of the sides AB , BC and CA of Δ ABC.
FD BC
1 FD 1
FD  BC  
2 BC 2
DE AC
1 DE 1
DE  AC  
2 AC 2
EF AB
1 EF 1
EF  AB  
2 AB 2
ABC  EDF

2. (A)
Given, AB = BC, A – B – C
B is the mid-point of AC.
By section formula,
 x 5 y 2
 2 , 2   3,4 
 
x 5 y 2
3 and  4
2 2
 x 56 and  y  2  8
 x 1 and  y 6

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

3. (C)
It is clear from the figure given below.
The co-ordinates of the foot perpendicular from P(–3, 1) to the x-axis are (–3, 0).

4. (A)
A = (x1, y1) = (2, –2)
B = (x2, y2) = (4, 3)
C = (x3, y3) = (–3, 11)
 x  x  x y  y2  y3 
G 1 2 3 , 1 
 3 3 
 2  4   3  2  3  11   3 12 
G ,    ,   1,4 
 3 3  3 3 

5. (B)
Let P(x, y) is the midpoint of the line segment joining A(1, 2) and B(3, –2).
13 22
x  and y 
2 2
4 0
 x  and y 
2 2
 x  2 and y  0
P(x, y)  (2,0)

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

6. (D)
15tan2   4sec2   23
we know that, tan2  1  sec2 
15tan2   4sec2   23

 15tan2   4 tan2  1  23 
 15tan   4tan   4  23
2 2

 15tan2   4tan2  19
 19tan2   19
 tan2   1

7. (A)
1  cot 2  cosec2
 cot 2  cosec2  1

8. (D)
1  2sin2 30  ?
Use, sin2 x  1  cos2 x
1  2sin2 30
1
 1  2
4
1 1
1 
2 2
1
From the given options, cos60 =
2

9. (C)
sin2 45  sin2 60  xcos2 45
2 2 2
 1   3  1 
    2   x  
 2    2
2 2 2
 2  3  2
     x
 2   2   2 
     
2 3 2
   x
4 4 4
1 1
  x
4 2
1
x
2

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

10. (A)
The distance of P is more than Q.
From the figure we can see that,
The distance of P from the lighthouse is more than the distance of Q from the
lighthouse.

11. (B)
In a right angle triangle, the side opposite to the angle having measure 30° is half the
length of the hypotenuse

12. (B)

BD = CE = 1.5
Δ ABC
AB
tan45 
BC
AB
1
28.5
AB  28.5
h  AB BD  28.5  1.5  30

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

13. (A)
Given, AB = 5, BC = 12 and AC = 13,
AB2 + BC2 = 5  12 = 25+ 144 = 169 = 132 = AC2
2 2

 AB2  BC2 = AC2

ABC is a right angled triangle and B is a right angle.
We know that, the radius of the circle touching all the
AB+BC-AC
three sides is .
2
 The required radius of a circle
AB + BC  AC
=
2
5 + 12  13
=
2
4
=
2
=2

14. (C)
Given, radius of a smaller circle OM = 6
The radius of a bigger circle OB = 10.
In right angled ∆OMB,
OB2 = OM2 + MB2
∴(10) 2 = (6) 2 + MB2
∴MB2 = 100 – 36 = 64
∴MB = 8
The length of a chord AB = 2 × MB = 2 × 8 = 16

15. (D)
 r
The formula for length of arc =
180

16. (A)
Here it is given that,
1
Length of the arc = Circumference
6
 r 1
2 r
180 6
2  180
   60
6

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

17. (B)
Let the radius of original circle = r
 Area of original circle =  r2
But, the radius of the circle is increased by 20%
20r
Radius of new circle R =  r = 1.2r
100
Area of new circle =  R 2
=  1.2r 
2

= 1.44 r2
Increased area = 1.44 r2   r2
= 0.44 r2
0.44 r2
Percentage increase in area =  100 = 44%
 r2

18. (B)
The shaded region indicates a minor sector.

19. (C)
4
Volume of a sphere =  cm3
3
4 4
  r3  
3 3
 r 1
3

 r  1cm
1cm  0.01m

20. (C)
1 2
Volume of a cone = r h
3
1
  (2)2(6)
3
 8

21. (B)
Curved surface area of a sphere = 4 r2
1256  4  3.14  r2
1256
r2 
4  3.14
r  100
2

r  10cm

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

22. (A)
T.S.A. of the solid
= C.S.A. of cone + C.S.A. of cylinder + T.S.A. of cube  Area of base of the cylinder
= P + Q + SR
=P + Q  R + S

23. (B)
The x–cordinate of the point of intersection of the ogive curve is the Median. Therefore,
20.5 is the median.

24. (C)
Here
M  X  22 ......(i)
.
M  X  2 .........(ii)
On adding both the equations we get M = 12.
Substituting the value of M in the first equation
12  X  22
X  10
Now,
Z  3M  2X
 3(12)  2(10)
 36  20
 16

25. (A)
Mode of the data is the observation which occurs the most. Here the number 3 occurs
the maximum number of times. Therefore the mode of the data is 3.

26. (C)
Here the total number of students is 550.
Number of boys in class IX = 220
Let A be the event of choosing a boy.
220 2
P(A)  
550 5

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

27. (A)
Here the total marks which can be obtained lies between 0 and 100.
n(S) = 101
Let A be the event that one can get 75 marks.
1
P(A) 
101

28. (C)
Here n is a positive even integer for some m ∊ N and n = 2m.
Then n(n + 1)(n + 2) = 2m(2m + 1)(2m + 2) = 4m(m + 1)(2m + 1) ….. (1)

Case 1: If m = 1
m(2m + 1)(2m + 1) = 1(1 + 1)(2(1) + 1) = 2 × 3 = 6 which is divisible by 6.
∴ m(m + 1)(2m + 1) is divisible by 6.
∴ 4m(m + 1)(2m + 1) is divisible by 24.
Hence n(n + 1)(n + 2) is divisible by 24. (∵ by (1))

Case2: If m = 2
m(m + 1)(2m + 1) = 2(2 + 1)(2(2) + 1) = 2 × 3 × 5 = 30 which is divisible by 6.
∴ m(m + 1)(2m + 1) is divisible by 6.
∴ 4m(m + 1)(2m + 1) is divisible by 24.

Case 3: If m≥3
Here m and m + 1 being consecutive integers, one of them will always be even and the
other will be odd.
∴ m(m + 1)(2m + 1) is always divisible by 2
Also m(m ≥ 3) is a positive integer, so for some k ∊ N, m = 3k or m = 3k + 1 or
m = 3k + 2
i) For m = 3k
m(m + 1)(2m + 1) = 3k(3k + 1)(2(3k) + 1)
= 3[k(3k + 1)(6k + 1)]
This is divisible by 3.
ii) For m = 3k+1
m(m + 1)(2m + 1)= (3k + 1)(3k + 1 + 1)(2(3k + 1) + 1)
= [(3k + 1)(3k + 2)(6k + 3)]
= 3[(3k + 1)(3k + 2)(2k + 1)]
This is also divisible by 3.

iii) For m = 3k + 2
m(m + 1)(2m + 1) = (3k + 2)(3k + 2+1)(2(3k + 2)+ 1)
= [(3k + 2)(3k + 3)(6k + 5)]
= 3[(k + 1)(3k + 2)(6k + 5)]
This is also divisible by 3.
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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

Hence in any case m(m + 1)(2m + 1) is divisible by 3 and 2.

As 2 and 3 are mutually prime numbers, m(m + 1)(2m + 1) is divisible by 6.
∴ n(n + 1)(n + 2) is divisible by 24. (∵ by (1))
Thus in any case n(n + 1)(n + 2) is divisible by 24.

29. (A)
1
Consider the number
32
1 1

32 25
1 55
 5 5
2 5
55
 5 5
2 5
55

 2  5
5

55

10
5

3125

100000
 0.03125
1
The decimal expansion of is 0.03125
32

30. (D)
For the given equation, a = 1, b = -3, c = 2k
b  D b  D
We know that   , 
2a 2a
Then we get,
-b -(-3)
 + = 
a 1
c 2k
.   
a 1
Now, +    . 
3  2k
3
k 
2

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

31. (A)
(x + 1)(x2 – x – x4 + 1)
= x3 – x2 – x5 + x + x2 – x – x4 + 1
= x3 – x5 – x4 + 1
Thus, the degree of the given polynomial is 5.

32. (D)
Here p(x) = x3 – x
To find the zeroes of p(x), let p(x) = 0
∴ x3 – x = 0
∴ x(x2 – 1) = 0
∴ x(x + 1)(x – 1) = 0
∴ x = 0 or x = –1 or x = 1
∴ 0, –1 and 1 are the zeroes of p(x).
Thus, the number of zeroes of the polynomial is 3.

33. (D)
The constant term d
   3

The coefficient of x a

34. (B)
x y 4
 
5 3 5
3x  5y 4
 
15 5
 15x  25y  60
 3x  5y  12
 3x  5y  12  0

35. (B)
In the two digit number, let the digit in the units place is x and the digit in the tens place
is 7.
∴ The number is 10(7) + x = 70 + x
Sum of digits = 8 times the digit in the units place.
∴ Sum of both the digits = 8 × digit at units place
∴7+x=8×x
∴ 7 = 7x
∴x=1
Now, substituting x = 1 in required number 70 + x, we get
70 + x = 70 + 1 = 71

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36. (D)
x + 2y + 7 = 0 and 2x + ky + 18 = 0 do not intersect each other, i.e. the pair of equations
is inconsistent.
Thus, we have
a1 b1 b1 c1 c a
 ,  or 1  1
a2 b2 b2 c2 c2 a 2
1 2
 
2 k
k 4

37. (A)
By substituting x = 0 in y = 3x, we have y = 0 and y = 0 in x = 3y, we have x = 0.
Thus, the two given lines intersect each other at (0, 0).

38. (A)
x2  30x  221  0
 x2  17x  13x  221  0
 x(x  17)  13(x  17)  0
(x  17)(x  13)  0
 x  17  0 or x  13  0
 x  17 or x  13
 The solution set is {13,17}.

39. (D)
Comparing the equation x2 – 3x + k = 0 with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we get a = 1, b = –3, c = k
Here, discriminant = 1
∴ b2 – 4ac = 1
∴ (–3)2 – 4(1)(k) = 1
∴ 9 – 4k = 1
∴ –4k = –8
∴k=2

40. (A)
For the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a, b, c  Q, If D = 0 then the roots are equal
and real. Since a, b, and c  Q, the roots will be equal and rational.

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

41. (B)
2x2  x  3  0
2x2  3x  2x  3  0
 x(2x  3)  1(2x  3)  0
(2x  3)(x  1)  0
2x  3  0 or x  1  0
3
x  or x  1
2

42. (A)
x k

k x
 x2  k 2
 x  k2
 x  k
 x  k, k

43. (B)
Number of birds in first row = 1
Number of birds in second row = 3
Number of birds in third row = 5
Thus, a = 1,
d=3–1=2=5–3
n = 20
n
Now, Sn  2a   n  1  d 
2
20
 21   20  1  2
2 
 102  38
 10  40
 400

44. (B)
Number of steps = 30
Height of each step = 20 cm
Thus, height of the temple = (30 × 20) cm = 600 cm = 6 m

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

45. Options given in question paper are not matching with correct solution.
Correct Answer is k = 0, which is not provided in options.
k + 2, k, 3k  2 are in A.P,
 k   k + 2 = 3k  2  k
 k  k  2 = 3k  2  k
2 = 2k  2
2k = 0
k  0

46. (B)
Given XY BC,
AX XY
 = (By theorem)
AB BC
AB  AX  XB  1  3
1 XY
 =
4 6
6
 XY =
4
 XY = 1.5 cm

47. (B)
Given that,
AB = BC = AC and DE = EF = DF ....(1)
In ABC and DEF,
AB BC AC
 
DE EF DF
ABC DEF by SSS test of similarity,
by the correspondence ABC  DEF
In ABC and FDE,
AB BC AC
= =
FD DE FE
ABC FDE by SSS test of similarity,
by the correspondence ABC  FDE
In ABC and EFD,
AB BC AC
= =
EF FD ED
ABC FDE by SSS test of similarity,
by the correspondence ABC  EFD

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

48. (B),
In ACB,
mC= 90
AC = BC
 AB2 = AC2 + BC2
 AB2 = BC2 + BC2
 AB2 = 2BC2

49. (D)
For two similar triangles,
a. The coresponding angles are congruent.
b. The coresponding sides arein proportion.

50. (B)
For P,
AC2  BC2  242  72  576  49  625
AB2  252
 AB2  AC2  BC2
For Q,
AB2  BC2  82  62  64  36  100
AC2  102  100
 AB2  BC2  AC2
For R,
AB2  BC2  32  42  9  16  25
AC2  62  36
 AB2  BC2  AC2
For S,
AC2  BC2  52  62  25  36  61
AB2  82  64
 AB2  AC2  BC2
Pairs P and Q show right angled triangle

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

(Part – B)

SECTION – A

1. Length of diagonal of a square = 2(6 + 2 5)

But,diagonal of a square = 2  side of a square
diagonal of a square
 length of side of a square =
2
2(6 + 2 5)
=
2
= (6 + 2 5) cm

2.
2x2 + 5x + 3
3x + 7 6x3 + 29x 2 + 44x + 21
+ 6x3 + 14x 2
 
15x2 + 44x
+ 15x 2 + 35x
 
9x + 21
9x + 21
 
0
The remainder is 0, (3x  7) is a factor of (6x3 + 29x2 + 44x + 21)

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

3.

In APB, PC is the perpendicular bisector of AB .

In APC and BPC,
AC  BC [ PC is the bisector of AB ]
mACP = mBCP = 90
PC  PC [Common side]
APC  BPC [SAS]
AP  PB
APB is an isosceles triangle.

Let AB be x.
PB = AP = 2 AB = 2x
In APB,
Perimeter of APB = 35
 AP  PB  AB  35
2x  2x  x  35
5x  35
x  7
Measures of sides,
AB = 7 cm, PB = 14 cm, AP  14 cm

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4. The given series is 35, 62, 89,....

For the final score the number of wickets will be 10
 We need to find t 10 .
we have,
a = 35, d = 62  35 = 27, n = 10
t n = a + (n  1)d
=35 + (10  1)27
= 35 + 9(27)
=35 + 243
= 278
 The final score of the team is 278 runs

5.

In ABCD, AB || CD , M and N are the points on transversals AD and BC.

AM BN
Also, 
MD NC
MN||AB and AB||CD
MN intersects AC at O.
 In ADC,MO||DC,M  AD ,O  AC
AM AO
 
MD OC
AM 2
But 
MD 3
AO 2
 
OC 3
AO 2
 
AO  OC 2+3
AO 2
 
AC 5

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6. If A(x1 , y1 ), B(x2 , y2 ), C(x3 , y3 ) are vertices of ABC.

G  x, y  is the centroid of ABC.
Then,
 x  x  x y  y2  y3 
G 1 2 3 , 1 
 3 3 
Given that A(-5, 2), B(x, -3), C(-2, y) are vertices of ABC.
G  -2, 1  is the centroid of ABC.
Then,
-5  x  2 2  3  y 
 2,1   , 
 3 3 
x 7 y 1
2  ,1
3 3
 6  x  7, 3  y  1
 x  1, y  4

7. L.H.S.  2sin2   4sec2   5cot 2   2cos2   4tan2   5cosec2

 2sin2   2cos2   4sec2   4tan2   5cot 2   5cosec2

    
 2 sin2   cos2   4 1  tan2   4tan2   5cot 2   5 1  cot 2  
 2 4 5
 1  R.H.S.
OR

Let us draw a ABC, right angled at C.

1
Now, tan A 
3
BC 1
 
AC 3
BC AC
   k (say)
1 3
 AC  3k and BC  k

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Board Paper – 2015 Solution

By Pythagoras theorem, we have

AB2  AC 2  BC 2

 
2
 AB2  3k  k2

 3k 2  k 2
 4k 2
 AB=2k
BC k 1
sin A   
AB 2k 2
AC k 3 3
and sin B   
AB 2k 2

8. Here the maximum class frequency is 15 and the class corresponding to this frequency
is 20-24.
So, the modal class is 20-24.
The lower limit of modal class 20-24 is l = 20.
Class size c = 4; and frequency of the modal class f1 = 15.
Frequency of the class preceding the modal class = f0 = 7.
Frequency of the class succeeding the modal class = f2 = 3.

 f1  f0 
z l  c
 2 f1  f0  f2 
 15  7 
 20   4
 2  15  7  3 
8
 20   4
20
 21.6

The mode for the given data is 21.6.

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

SECTION – B

9. Let the runs scored by India be ‘x’ and the runs scored by Srilanka be ‘y’.
x
One third runs scored by Indian team =
3
y
One seventh runs scored by Indian team =
7
x y
 + = 137
3 7
7x 3y
 137
21
 7x 3y 2877 ……(i)
Also, India won this match by minimum required runs, hence the difference between
scores of India and Srilanka will be 1.
 x – y = 1 …….(ii)
Multiplying (ii) by 3 and (i) by 1,
7x + 3y =2877
3x − 3y = 3
Adding both the equations,
10x = 2880
 x = 288
Substituting x = 288 in (ii),
 y = 287
Runs scored by the Indian team = 288

10.

Let h be the height of the bridge above the top of the temple.
In the above figure,
AD = h
Let CD = x, BD = 800 – x
In ADC,

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

AD
tan60 =
CD
h
 tan60 =
x
h
√3 =
x
h
x= ……..(i)
3
In  ADB,
AD
tan30 =
BD
h
 tan30 =
800 x
1 h
 =
3 800 x
 800 – x = h√3
 x = 800 − h√3 ……….(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
h
 = 800 − h√3
3
h = 800 3  3h
4h = 800√3
h = 200√3
Height of the bridge above the temple = 200√3 m

11.
Class Interval Frequency(fi) Midpoint (xi) fi xi
100 – 200 5 150 750
200 – 300 3 250 750
300 – 400 3 350 1050
400 – 500 x 450 450x
500 – 600 2 550 1100
600 – 700 1 650 650
 fi = 14 + x  fi xi = 4300 + 450x

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

Let the missing frequency be ‘x’.

Mean, x = 350
We know that,
fi x i
x
fi
4300 450x
350
14 x
4900 350x 4300 450x
600 100x
600
x 6
100
Missing frequency = 6

OR

Wages Cumulative Frequency

Frequency
0 90 10
 50 80 20
 100 60 30
 150 30 15
 200 15 15
 250 0 0

n 90
45 on the x-axis.
2 2
Therefore 125 is the median.

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

12. Possible outcomes:

{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6),
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}

Total outcomes, n(S) = 36

(i) Product of number obtained on upper face is even if any one of the number is even
{(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 2), (3, 4), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 2), (5, 4), (5, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4),
(6, 5), (6, 6)}
Favourable outcomes, n(E) = 18
n(E) 18 1
P(Product will be even) = =
n(S) 36 2

(ii) Sum of numbers on both dice is a prime number

{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4, 1), (4, 3), (5, 2), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 5)}
Favourable outcomes, n(E) = 15
n(E) 15 5
P(Product will be even) = =
n(S) 36 12

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

SECTION – C

13.

Given: Line l is tangent to the O, r  at point A.

To prove: OA  l
Proof: Let P  l , P  A.
If P is in the interior of O, r  , then the line l will be a secant of the circle and not a tangent.
But l is a tangent of the circle, so P is not in the interior of the circle.
Also P  A.
P is the point in the exterior of the circle.

OP > OA. OA is the radius of the circle 
Therefore each point P  l except A satisfies the inequality OP > OA.
Therefore OA is the shortest distance of line l from O.
OA  l.

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

14.

Length of the wall constructed at the cost of Rs. 20 = 1 m.

1500
Length of the wall constructed at the cost of Rs. 1500 =  75m
20
 l  2r  75, where l is the length of minor ACB and radius r.
 l+2 21  75
l  33m
Area of the field in the form of a minor sector
r2
=
360
r r
= 
2 180
r  r 
= l  l 
2  180 
21
=  33
2
=346.5 m2
Cost of tilling 1m2 region = Rs. 15
Cost of tilling 346.5 m2region
 346.5  15
= 5197.5
The cost of tilling the whole field is Rs. 5197.5

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

15. The radius of lower ring is r1  10cm.

The radius of upper ring is r2  4 cm.
Width of each ring is 3 cm.
So width of 7 rings = 21 cm.
Height of frustum = 21 cm.
1  2
Volume of frustum = h r1  r22  r1r2 
3  
1 22
   21  10    4   40
2 2
=
3 7  
 22156
 3432 cm3

OR

Radius of the cylinder = Radius of each hemisphere = r = 20 cm

Height of cylinder, h = 35 cm
Then,
T.S.A. of the solid
= C.S.A. of the cylinder + 2  C.S.A. of the hemisphere
= 2rh + 2  2r2
= 2r  h + 2r 
= 2  3.14  20 35  2  20 
= 125.6  75
= 9,420 cm2
Total surface area of the given solid is 9,420 cm2 .

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

16. Draw  A, 5cm and take point B in its exterior such

that AB = 8 cm.

To construct:
Through B, tangents are to be drawn to  A, 5cm  .

Steps of construction:
1) Draw  A, 5cm  and take point B in its exterior such that AB = 8 cm.
2) Draw AB.
3)Obtain the midpoint M of AB by constructing its perpendicular bisector.
4) Draw  M, MA  intersecting  A, 5 cm  at X and Y.
5) Draw BX and BY.
Hence, BX and BY are the required tangents.
The length of tangents BX and BY is 6.2 cm  approx.  ,
i.e., BX = BY = 6.2 cm  approx. 

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

17.

Given: In the plane of ΔABC, a line l || BC, l intersects AB and AC at points P and Q
respectively.
AP AQ
To prove: 
PB QC

Proof :Let QM  AB and PN  AC. Construct BQ and CP.

1
Area of a triangle   base  altitude
2
1
 Area of APQ   AP  QM
2
1
Area of PBQ   PB  QM
2
1
 AP  QM
Area of APQ 2 AP
   .... (i)
Area of PBQ 1  PB  QM PB
2
1
Also Area of APQ   AQ  PN
2

1
Area of CPQ   QC  PN
2
1
 AQ  PN
Area of APQ 2 AQ
   .... (ii)
Area of CPQ 1
 QC  PN QC
2
PBQ and PCQ are having common base PQ and they are lying between
two parallel lines PQ and BC.
Area of PBQ  Area of PCQ .... (iii)
AP AQ
From (i), (ii) and (iii) 
PB QC

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 GSB X | Mathematics
Board Paper – 2015 Solution

OR

Given: The diagonals of a convex ⃞ABCD intersect at right angles at O.

To prove: AB2 + CD2 = AD2 + BC2
Proof : In ∆POS, m∠O = 90°
∴PS2 = OP2 + OS2 … … (1)
In ∆QOR, m∠O = 90°
∴QR2 = OQ2 + OR2 … … (2)
In ∆POQ, m∠O = 90°
∴PQ2 = OP2 + OQ2 … … (3)
In ∆ROQ, m∠O = 90°
∴QR2 = OR2 + OS2 … … (4)
Adding results (3) and (4),
PQ2 + QR2 = OP2 + OQ2 + OR2 + OS2
∴PQ2 + QR2 = (OP2 + OS2) + ( OQ2 + OR2)
∴PQ2 + RS2 = PS2 + QR2 [from (1) and (2)]

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