MECH413: TAKE HOME QUIZ 2 (F) August 14, 2019

Test I. DEFINITION OF TERMS.

INSTRUCTION. Encircle the letter of the correct answer. RIGHT IV. Separation of oil and water
MINUS WRONG. a. I and II only c. I, II and IV only
b. II and III only d. II, III and IV only
1. It is the quantity of matter contained in a unit volume of the 16. Which of the following is true about solutes that have different
substance. effects of surface tension?
a. Density c. Bulk Modulus of Elasticity a. For sugar, it has little or no effect.
b. Viscosity d. Modulus of Elasticity b. for inorganic salts, it increases surface tension
2. It is the mass of the substance per unit volume. c. alcohol decreases surface tension progressively
a. Mass Density c. Relative Density d. NOTA
17. It is also called as conductivity.
b. Unit Weight d. Specific Gravity
a. Specific Conductance c. Electro flux
3. It is defined as the weight of the substance per unit volume
b. Electromagnetism d. NOTA
a. Mass Density c. Relative Density
18. It is a general term used to describe the levels of different salts
b. Unit Weight d. Specific Gravity
such as sodium chloride, magnesium and calcium sulfates,
4. It is defined as the ratio of mass density of a substance to some
and bicarbonates.
standard mass density.
a. Salinity b. Saltiness c. Chlorination d. a and c
a. Relative density b. Specific Gravity
19. It is the classification of water which has a salinity value greater
c. a and b d. NOTA than 300.
5. It is the property of a fluid, due to cohesion and interaction between a. Thalassic Series c. Metahaline
molecules, which offers resistance to sheer deformation. b. Hyperhaline d. Mixoeuhaline
a. Unit Weight c. Bulk Modulus of Elasticity
20. It is the science of fluids at rest, and is a sub-field within fluid
b. Viscosity d. Coefficient of Dynamic Viscosity
mechanics. The term usually refers to the mathematical treatment of
6. It is defined as the shear force, per unit area, required to drag one
the subject. It embraces the study of the conditions under which fluids
layer of fluid with unit velocity past another layer a unit distance away.
are at rest in stable equilibrium.
a. Viscosity c. Coefficient of Dynamic Viscosity
a. Fluid Statics c. Fluid Dynamics
b. Bulk Modulus of Elasticity d. Kinematic Viscosity
b. Hydrostatics d. a and b
7. It is defined as the ratio of dynamic viscosity to mass density.
a. Viscosity c. Coefficient of Dynamic Viscosity 21. It is the pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium due to the force
b. Bulk Modulus of Elasticity d. Kinematic Viscosity of gravity.
8. It measures the substance's resistance to uniform compression. It a. Lateral Earth Pressure c. Heat Pressure
is defined as the ratio of the infinitesimal pressure increase to the b. Hydrostatics Pressure d. Pore Pressure
resulting relative decrease of the volume. 22. It is a force exerted by a liquid, gas or other fluid that opposes an
a. Coefficient of Compressibility c. Bulk Modulus of Elasticity object's weight.
b. Coefficient of Dynamic Viscosity d. Modulus of Elasticity a. Couple b. Uplift Force c. Buoyancy d. Dragged Force
9. The relative decrease of the volume of a system with 23. It is the area of fluid mechanics that deals with fluids in which the
increasing pressure in an isothermal process fluid density varies significantly in response to a change in pressure.
a. Coefficient of Compressibility b. Bulk Modulus of Elasticity a. Compressible Flow c. Aerodynamics
c. Coefficient of Dynamic Viscosity d. Modulus of Elasticity b. Incompressible Flow d. Internal Flows
10. It is one of many gas laws and a special case of the ideal gas law 24. It is primarily concerned with obtaining the forces that air exerts
which describes the inversely proportional relationship between the on an object.
absolute pressure and volume of a gas, if the temperature is kept a. Compressible Flow c. Aerodynamics
constant within a closed system. b. Incompressible Flow d. Internal Flows
a. Boyle’s Law b. Charle’s Law 25. It is a type of tube that has been used to measure dissociation
c. Gay Lussac’s Lawd. Universal Gas Law energies and molecular relaxation rates, investigate shock wave
11. In Surface Tension, which of the of the following will give the value behavior, and they have been used in aerodynamic tests.
of wetting of angle? a. U-tube c. Feeding Tube
a. 00 b. 1400 c. 3500 d. 1300 b. Shock Tubes d. Vacuum Tube
12. Water has a wetting angle of 00, therefore the degree of wetting of 26. Type of fluid which has no friction. It is also referred as inviscid
water is fluid.
a. Perfect Wetting c. Low Wettability a. Real Fluid c. Non-real fluid
b. High Wettability d. Perfectly Not Wetting b. Ideal Fluid d. Non-ideal fluid
13. It is the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, 27. The flow of this type fluid exhibits viscous effect, that is it tends to
resulting from intermolecular interactions when the two are brought “stick” to solid surfaces and have stresses within their body.
together. a. Real Fluid c. Non-real fluid
a. Ductility b. Malleability c. Wetting d. Water hammer b. Ideal Fluid d. Non-ideal fluid
14. It is a property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an 28. Type of flow which has a Reynold’s number less than 2000. It has
external force. It is revealed, for example, in the floating of some low velocity and the fluid particle moves in a straight path.
objects on the surface of water, even though they are denser than a. Laminar Flow c. Transitional Flow
water, and in the ability of some insects to run on the water surface.
b. Turbulent Flow d. NOTA
a. Capillary Rise b. Elasticity c. Surface Tension d. Buoyancy
15. Which of the following are the effects of surface tension in 29. Type of flow which has a Reynold’s number greater than 2000 but
less than 4000. It has a medium velocity.
ordinary water?
I. Beading of rain water on the surface of a waxy surface, such as a. Laminar Flow c. Transitional Flow
a leaf. b. Turbulent Flow d. NOTA
II. Formation of drops occurs when a mass of liquid is stretched. 30. Types of flow which has a Reynold’s number greater than 4000. It
III. Flotation of objects denser than water occurs when the object is has high velocity and the particles path is completely irregular.
wet table and its weight being small enough to be borne by the forces a. Laminar Flow c. Transitional Flow
arising from surface tension. b. Turbulent Flow d. NOTA
31. It refers to a pressure measuring instrument, usually limited to 50. The force per unit length than an imaginary film formed on the
measuring pressures near to atmospheric surface of a liquid due to the intermolecular attraction is capable of
a. Manometer b. Pressumeter c. Vacuum gauge d. Anemometer exerting is known as:
32. It is used to measure the pressure in a vacuum—which is further a. Specific weight b. Dynamic Viscosity
divided into two subcategories, high and low vacuum. c. Cavitation d. Surface Tension
a. Manometer b. Pressumeter c. Vacuum gauge d. Anemometer 51. The study of fluid problems in which there is no relative motion
33. It is zero-referenced against a perfect vacuum. between fluid elements and thus no velocity gradients and no shear
a. Absolute Pressure c. Atmospheric Pressure stress exist is known
b. Gauge Pressure d. Differential Pressure a. Fluid Dynamics c. Incompressible Ideal Fluid
34. It is zero-referenced against ambient air pressure. b. Steady and Uniform Flow d. Fluid Statics
a. Absolute Pressure c. Atmospheric Pressure 52. The dynamic Viscosity of a fluid in the SI system in Newton-second
b. Gauge Pressure d. Differential Pressure /sq. m or Pa-second. It is equivalent to:
35. It is the difference in pressure between two points. a. 1 poise b. 1 centipoise c. 10 poise d. 0.1 poise
a. Absolute Pressure c. Atmospheric Pressure 53. The kinematic viscosity of a fluid is the ratio of its dynamic
b. Gauge Pressure d. Differential Pressure viscosity to its density. Its unit in the SI-system is:
36. It counterbalance the pressure of a fluid with a spring or a solid a. sec/ cubic m b. cu. m /sec c. sec. / sq. m d. sq. m /sec
weight, in which case it is known as a deadweight tester and may be 54. The capillary rise or depression, h, in a circular tube with radius r
used for calibration of other gauges. is directly proportional to the surface tension of the liquid contained
a. Piston Type Gauge b. Vacuum Gauge in the tube. The relationship between h and r:
c. Newton Gauge d. Ionization Gauge a. h=r b. h is directly proportional to r
37. It is sometimes referred to percolation or the motion of water c. h is inversely proportional to r d. NOTA
downward through the soil zone 55. The boiling point of water occurs when:
a. Deep Infiltration c. Mid-infiltration a. Its vapor pressure equals to the atmospheric pressure
b. Shallow Infiltration d. Interflow b. Its vapor pressure is ½ the atmospheric pressure
38. The fraction that drains from the ground under the action of c. Its vapor pressure is twice the atmospheric pressure
gravity d. NOTA
a. Specific yield c. Hydraulic Conductivity 56. If the specific weight of a liquid is 8.0 KN/cu. m., its density is
b. Specific retention d. Porosity a. 815.50 kg/cu.m c. 815.50 kg/cu.cm
39. It is the fraction retained as a film around particle surfaces or in a b. 8.16 kg/cu.m d. 815.50 g/cu.m
very small opening. 57. A liquid has a dynamic viscosity of 0.00048 lb.-sec/ sq. ft. and
a. Specific yield c. Hydraulic Conductivity weighs 54 lb./ cu.ft. its kinematic viscosity in the SI system is:
b. Specific retention d. Porosity a. 0.0286 sq. m/sec c. 0.286 sq. m./sec
40. It is primary input vector of the hydrologic cycle. b. 0.00286 sq./sec d. 0.000286 sq./sec
a. Infiltration b. Precipitation c. Percolation d. Interception 58. Similarity relationships are used between the model and a
41. They are common water measuring device. When they are geometrically similar prototype analysis necessary in hydraulic
properly installed and maintained they can be a very simple and design. The analysis is known.
accurate means for gauging discharge. a. Rational method analysis c. Pressure-density-height
a. Orifice b. Weirs c. Channel d. NOTA relationship
42. A structure that is built for the purpose of impounding water. b. similitude and dimensional analysis d. Darcy Weishbach Equation
a. Dams b. Bridge c. Building d. NOTA 59. Which of the following constitute a group of parameters with
43. It is an abrupt increase of depth in a free-surface liquid flow. It is dimension of power, where P=mass density, A=cross sectional area,
characterized by rapid flow and small depths on the upstream side, v=velocity, D= diameter, u absolute viscosity, g=gravity, p=pressure
and by larger depths and smaller velocities on the downstream side. a. PAv b. DvL/u c. pAv d. P(v^2)/p
a. Hydraulic jump b. Rapid Flow c. Shock waves d. Tsunami 60. A branch of science which deals with the laws governing the
44. It is the process by which precipitation moves downward through behavior of water are at rest or in motion.
the surface of the earth of the earth and replenishes soil moisture, a. Hydrology b. Irrigation Eng’g c. Fluid Mechanics d. Coastal Eng’g
recharges aquifers, and ultimately supports stream flows during dry 61. The branch of mechanics which deals with laws governing the
periods. behavior of water and other liquids in the states of rest and motion.
a. Percolation b. Interflow c. Infiltration d. Precipitation a. Dynamics b. Statics c. Hydraulics d. NOTA
45. It is a graph showing the rate of flow (discharge) versus time past 62. A branch of hydraulics which deals on the study on fluid at rest.
a specific point in a river, or other channel or conduit carrying flow. a. Hydrostatics b. Hydrodynamics c. Hydrokinetics d. Hydrology
a. Runoff Curve b. Station Rating Curve c. Hydrograph d. NOTA 63. A branch of hydraulics which deals with the study of pure motion
46. The following are the advantage of flumes in measuring open in liquids.
channel flow except: a. Hydrostatics b. Hydrodynamics c. Hydrokinetics d. Hydrology
a. It can operate with a relatively small head loss. 64. A branch of hydraulics which deals with the study of forces
b. It is fairly sensitive to the approach velocity. (including velocity and acceleration) exerted by or upon liquids in
c. It can be used under submerged condition motion
d. Its flow velocity is usually sufficient to preclude sediment deposits a. Hydrostatics b. Hydrodynamics c. Hydrokinetics d. Hydrology
in the structure. 65. Fluids which have little resistance to change either in form or
47. The tract of land both surface and subsurface drained by the river volume. It occupies all the space in which it is contained.
and its tributaries is called a. Liquids b. Solids c. Gasses d. Atoms
a. Reservoir b. Drainage basin 66. Fluid which offer great resistance to change in volume. It occupies
c. Drainage system d. Contributing area a definite portion in which it is contained.
48. It is a stream pattern characterized by long main stream a. Liquids b. Solids c. Gasses d. Atoms
intercepted by numerous right-angle tributaries. 67. For gases, the specific weight, w, which varies with the pressure
a. Dendritic b. Radial System c. Trellis d. Braided Stream and temperature, can be computed by the formula.
49. Absolute Viscosity of a fluid varies with pressure and temperature a. w = W/V b. w = P/RT c. w = R/pT d. w = T/Rp
and is defined as a function of: 68. The quantitative measure of the amount of matter in a given body
a. Density and angular deformation rate is known as:
b. Density, shear stress and angular deformation rate. a. Weight b. specific gravity c. Density d. mass
c. Density and shear stress 69. A fluid property which refers to the intermolecular attraction by
d. Density, shear stress and angular deformation which the separate particles of the fluid are held together.
a. Adhesion b. Explosion c. Cohesion d. Surface Tension 89. The center of a circle traced by the centroid of the submerged
70. A fluid property refers to the attractive force between its portion of a floating body is known as:
molecules and any solid substance with which they are in contact. a. Center of Buoyancy c. Surface Tension
a. Cohesion b. Surface Tension c. Adhesion d. Explosion b. Metacenter d. Middle Third
71. The effect of cohesion between particles of the fluid at its free 90. The centroid of the submerged surface coincides with the center
surface is known as: of pressure if:
a. Cohesion b. Surface Tension c. Adhesion d. Explosion a. The surface is vertical c. The surface is horizontal
72. The property of the fluids which is due to both cohesion and b. Surface is inclined 450 d. NOTA
adhesion. If adhesion is greater than the cohesion, the liquid will rise 91. A mass of liquid being translated vertically downward with a
at the point where it comes in contact with another body. If cohesion uniform acceleration equal to the acceleration of gravity, at any point
is prevalent, the liquid will be depressed. in the mass, a pressure
a. Vapor Pressure b. Capillarity c. Surface tension d. NOTA a. Equal to ½ of hydrostatic pressure b. Equal to the negative of the
73. The pressure exerted by the vapor as evaporation of the liquid hydrostatic pressure
takes place within a closed space is known as: c. Equal to twice the hydrostatic pressure d. Equal to zero
a. Gage Pressure b. Absolute Pressure 92. When the center of gravity of a floating body is farther than the
c. Atmospheric Pressure d. Vapor Pressure metacenter when referred to the center of buoyancy (considering that
74. The vapor pressure of mercury at 200 C is the center of gravity is above the center of buoyancy), the floating
a. 0.17 Pa abs b. 55000 Pa abs. c. 2340 Pa abs. d. 13.6 Pa abs. body is in:
75. The vapor pressure of water at 200 C is: a. Unstable equilibrium c. stable equilibrium
a. 0.17 Pa abs. b. 55000 Pa abs. c. 2340 Pa abs. d. 13.6 Pa abs. b. Static equilibrium d. neutral equilibrium
76. The pressure at any point in a fluid at rest is transmitted equally 93. The spacing of metal hoops on wood stave pipes is dependent on
and undiminished to every other point in the fluid is known as: the following except:
a. Venturi Principles b. Pascal’s Law c. Darcy’s Law d. NOTA a. Thickness of the pipe c. Allowable stress of the hoop
77. When the gage liquid of an open manometer is deflected towards b. diameter of the pipe d. internal pressure of the pipe
the point of connection, it implies that the gage pressure at that point 94. The effect of constructing a dam across s natural stream is to raise
of connection is: the water surface at various sections upstream. The resulting water
a. Zero c. Equal to the atmospheric pressure surface profile is.
b. Negative d. Positive a. Headwater surface c. Tailwater surface
78. “At any point in a fluid at rest the pressure is the same in all b. upstream water surface d. backwater curve
directions,” this law is known: 95. the hydrostatic pressure force which varies uniformly from the
a. Archimedes Law b. Boyle’s Law heel to the toe of the base width of the dam to the design consideration,
c. Bernoulli Law d. Pascal’s Law is known as:
79. The pressure exerted by the atmosphere in every surface with a. resultant pressure force b. uplift pressure force
which it comes in contact is known as: c. total weight of the dam d. horizontal hydrostatic pressure force
a. Vapor pressure c. absolute pressure
b. Atmospheric pressure d. gage pressure 96. A cylinder of cork is floating upright in a container partially filled
with water. A vacuum is applied to the container such that the air
80. Under normal condition at sea level, the atmospheric pressure is
within the vessel is partially removed. The cork will:
most nearly.
a. Rise somewhat in the water b. Sink somewhat in the water
a. 110.3 kPa b. 101.3 kPa c. 103.1 kPa d. 130.1 kPa
c. Remain stationary d. Turnover on its side
81. The pressure measured by means of gages above or below the
97. The hydrostatic force on any plane surface submerged in a fluid is
atmospheric level is called:
equal to the product of the area and the intensity of pressure.
a. Atmospheric pressure c. vapor pressure
a. At the centroid c. at the bottom
b. Absolute pressure d. relative pressure
b. At the top d. at the sides
82. The pressure above the absolute zero is called. 98. The location of the center of pressure (CP) measured along the
a. Atmospheric pressure c. absolute pressure surface’s plane from the liquid surface is given by Yp=Is/AY, where Is
b. Gage pressure d. vapor pressure is the:
83. All of the following is true about absolute pressure, except: a. Centroidal moment of inertia about the plane surface
a. Absolute pressure is measured above the absolute zero b. Moment of inertia of the plane surface about its bottom
b. Absolute pressure is the sum of atmospheric & gage pressures c. Moment of inertia of the surface about its top
c. Absolute pressure can be negative d. Moment of inertia of the plane surface about the liquid surface
d. Absolute pressure can never be negative 99. The eccentricity, e (distance from the CG to CP) is given by the
84. It is defined as the height of the column of homogenous fluid of equation:
specific weight “w” that will produce a pressure of “p”, a. e = Is/AY c. e = Ig/AY
a. Elevation head b. velocity head c. Pressure head d. head loss b. e = Ig/Ah d. NOTA
85. A pressure- measuring technique by means of tubes usually 100. The vertical component, Fv, of the hydrostatic force acting on a
shaped in the form of U’s and utilizing the principles of hydrostatics is curved surface is equal to the:
known as: a. weight of the liquid below the curve surfaces
a. Planimetry b. Manometry c. Barometry d. bathemetry
b. weight of the liquid (real or imaginary) directly above the curve
86. A type of manometer which is used for measuring gage pressure
surfaces
with the use of gage liquid. This type contains an atmospheric level.
a. Differential type b. closed type c. Open type d. NOTA c. weight of the liquid within the curve surfaces
87. A manometer used for measuring the difference in pressure d. NOTA
between two points and does not have atmospheric level.
a. Open manometer c. closed manometer
b. Differential manometer d. NOTA
88. The difference in pressure, p, between any two points of
homogenous fluid at rest, where h is the vertical distance between the
point, w is the unit weight of the fluid, and H is the horizontal distance
between the points, is:
a. p = wh b. p = w (h+a/g) c. p = w(h+1) d. p = wh
Test II. PROBLEM SOLVING 15. What is the highest value of the pressure at the bottom of the
tank?
INSTRUCTION. Solve the following situations. Show your ANS.____________________
complete solutions neatly. Write your final answer on the space 16. What is the pressure at the bottom center of the tank?
provided. RIGHT MINUS WRONG. ANS.____________________
SITUATION 1. When an open rectangular tank, 2m wide, 5m long,
and 3m deep, containing 2m of oil (s=0.80) is accelerated
horizontally parallel to its length.
1. When the acceleration is 4.905 m/s3, how much oil is spilled?
ANS.____________________
2. If the tank in the situation is closed and the acceleration is
increased to 9.81 m/s2, what will be the maximum force acting on
the back face of the tank?
ANS.____________________

SITUATION 2. An open tank of water accelerates down a 15°

inclined plane at 16.1 ft/s².
3. What is the slope of the water surface? “Set your goals high, and don't stop till you
ANS.____________________ get there.”
- Bo Jackson
SITUATION 3. A cubic tank is filled with 2.0m of oil, sp. Gr. 0.80.
Find the force acting on the side of the tank when the acceleration
is:
4. 4.905 m/s² vertically upward.
ANS.____________________
5. 9.810 m/s² vertically downward.
ANS.____________________

SITUATION 4. An open cylindrical tank 3 m in diameter and 5 m

high contains water to a depth of 4 m. It is rotated about its own
vertical axis with a constant angular speed 𝜔.
6. If 𝜔=2 rad/s, is there any liquid spilled?
ANS.____________________
7. What maximum value of 𝜔 (in rpm) can be imposed without
spilling any liquid?
ANS.____________________
8. If 𝜔=7 rad/sec, how much water is spilled out and to what depth
will the water stand when brought to rest?
ANS.____________________
9. What angular speed 𝜔 (in rpm) will just zero the depth of water
at the center of the tank?
ANS.____________________
10. If 𝜔=90 rpm, how much area at the bottom of the tank is
uncovered?
ANS.____________________

SITUATION 5. A closed cylindrical tank with diameter 2 m contains

benzene (s=0.88) at full height of 4m. It is rotated about its
vertical axis at an angular speed of 50 rpm.
11. What is the height of the paraboloid formed?
ANS.____________________
12. What is the pressure developed at the top of the tank in kPa?
ANS.____________________
13. At what angular speed, in rad/sec, should the tank be rotated
to develop a pressure of 120 kPa at the bottom of the tank?
ANS.____________________

SITUATION 6. A closed cylindrical tank that is ¾ full of gasoline

(sg=0.68). The tank has a diameter of 2.5 m and a height of 8 m. It
is then rotated at an angular speed of 10 rad/sec.
14. What is the pressure at the top of the tank?
ANS.____________________