Unit 4—Biology

Mendelian Genetics and Pattern of Inheritance

Test Review
Chapter 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

Important words:
Genetics Fertilization
Allele Carrier
Dominant Pedigree
Recessive Incomplete dominance
Homozygous Codominance
Heterozygous Multiple alleles
Genotype Sex chromosome
Phenotype Autosome
Law of segregation Sex-linked trait
Law of independent assortment Karyotype
Chromosome Nondisjunction
Punnett square Trisomy
Probability
Important Concepts/skills:
 Explain the significance of Mendel’s  Explain how the environment can
studies with his pea plants influence the phenotype of an
 Model how alleles/chromosomes organism
separate during Meiosis, and what  Distinguish a normal karyotype from
genes the gametes formed are that of someone affected by
carrying nondisjunction
 Use a Punnett square to predict the
probable outcomes of a genetic cross
 Construct/interpret a human
pedigree
 Describe various complex patterns of inheritance
Sample Multiple Choice Problems—expect to see similar questions on the test!

____ 1. A white mouse whose parents are both white produces only brown offspring when mated with a brown mouse. The white mouse is
most probably ____.
a. homozygous recessive c. homozygous dominant
b. heterozygous d. haploid

____ 2. In chickens, rose comb (R) is dominant to single comb (r). A homozygous rose-combed rooster is mated with a single-combed hen.
All of the chicks in the F1 generation were kept together as a group for several years. They were allowed to mate only within their own
group. What is the expected phenotype of the F2 chicks?
a. 100% rose comb
b. 75% rose comb and 25% single comb
c. 100% single comb
d. 50% rose comb and 50% single comb

____ 3. In mink, brown fur color is dominant to silver-blue fur color. If a homozygous brown mink is mated with a silver-blue mink and 8
offspring are produced, how many would be expected to be silver-blue?
a. 0 c. 6
b. 3 d. 8

____ 4. The diagram in Figure 10-2 shows a diploid cell with two homologous pairs of chromosomes. Due to independent assortment, the
possible allelic combinations that could be found in gametes produced by the meiotic division of this cell are ____.

Figure 10-2
a. Bb, Dd, BB, and DD c. BbDd and BDbd
b. BD, bD, Bd, and bd d. Bd and bD only

Figure 10-8

____ 5. In Figure 10-8, which set of chromatids illustrates the result of a single crossover of the homologous chromosomes?
a. A c. C
b. B d. D

____ 6. Which event during meiosis leads to a reduction in chromosome number from 2n to n?
a. Pairs of homologous chromosomes line up at the equator.
b. DNA undergoes replication.
c. Homologous chromosomes travel to opposite sides of the cell.
d. Sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromere.
____ 7. Suppose an animal is heterozygous AaBb, and the traits are not linked. When meiosis occurs, what is the total number of possible
combinations of gametes that can be made for these traits?
a. 2 c. 6
b. 4 d. 8

Figure 11-1

____ 8. Refer to Figure 11-1. If individual III-2 marries a person with the same genotype as individual I-1, what is the chance that one of their
children will be afflicted with hemophilia?
a. 0% c. 50%
b. 25% d. 75%

____ 9. What type of inheritance pattern does the trait represented by the shaded symbols in Figure 11-1 illustrate?
a. incomplete dominance c. codominance
b. multiple alleles d. sex-linked

____ 10. For the trait being followed in the pedigree, individuals II-1 and II-4 in Figure 11-1 can be classified as ____.
a. homozygous dominant c. homozygous recessive
b. mutants d. carriers

____ 11. A man heterozygous for blood type A marries a woman heterozygous for blood type B. The chance that their first child will have type
O blood is ____.
a. 0% c. 50%
b. 25% d. 75%

____ 12. What phenotype is depicted in Figure 11-5?

Figure 11-5
a. O c. A
b. AB d. B

____ 13. Nondisjunction is related to a number of serious human disorders. How does nondisjunction cause these disorders?
a. alters the number of gametes produced
b. alters the number of zygotes produced
c. alters the chromosome structure
d. alters the chromosome number
Answers

1. A

2. B

3. A

4. B

5. A

6. C

7. B

8. A

9. D

10. D

11. B

12. D

13. D