Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
02 Structural Design
10 Foundation Blocks
11 External Walls
13 Internal Walls
14 Movement Control
17 Regulations (acoustics)
18 Acoustic Compliance
20
Robust Details for
Acoustic Compliance
22 Fire Resistance
23 CDM Regulations
24 Good Site Practice
26 External Applied Finishes
30 Internal Applied Finishes
33 Wall Fixings
Designing with Aircrete Building with Aircrete Most blocks are available in a wide
This has been written to help This part of the guide has been range of thicknesses from 100mm
architects and specifiers achieve the written to emphasise the practical to 355mm and have the following
most efficient designs using H+H use and application of H+H face dimensions:
UK products, whether for low-rise UK products.
housing or multi storey buildings. Celcon Blocks all grades
This includes detailed guidance on: 440 x 215mm
There is detail on Structural Design stacking and storage, recommended
when building Low Rise Housing mortar types and strength, laying Celcon Plus Blocks all grades
(up to three storeys), designing blocks, cutting, chasing and fixing 630 x 215mm
with higher strength blockwork to blocks, applying internal and
and Eurocode 6. Also included is external finishes. Jumbo Bloks all grades
information on H+H product, from 630 x 250mm
below DPC to roof level, together H+H Aircrete
with their characteristics and uses. All H+H aircrete is strong and Multi Plate Blocks all grades
lightweight and easy to work with. (except Solar Grade)
The guide also includes notes Most thicknesses are well below 630 x 350mm
on using aircrete in cavity, solid, 20 kg, the CONIAC regulation limit
internal and separating walls. for single-handed, repetitive lifting. Foundation Blocks all grades
Accommodation of movement, They are available for use in (except Solar Grade)
the positioning of joist hangers, four grades. 325 x 215mm and 440 x 215mm
restraining straps, wall ties and
lintels, along with using aircrete All H+H aircrete products can be Note
with dissimilar materials are also finished with render, tile hanging A range of detailed drawings and
highlighted in this document. or decorative cladding. They are BIM objects are available on our
available in Solar Grade, Standard website www.hhcelcon.co.uk
Grade, High Strength Grade and
Super Strength Grade, complying The latest Material Safety Data
with European product standard information can also be found
BS EN771-4 for aircrete masonry on our website.
units. Standard Grade, High
Strength Grade and Super Strength For more information please
Grade blocks are principally for contact our Technical Department
wall constructions both above and on 01732 880580 or our
below DPC. Solar Grade offers Sales Team on 01732 886444.
enhanced thermal performance and
is principally used for the inner
leaves of external cavity walls and
for solid walls.
Structural Design
low rise buildings – Part 2 Code and for three storey housing, the
of Practice for Masonry Walls lowest storey is 7.3N/mm , whilst2
for housing).
2.9N/mm is retained at the two
2
Table 1
Characteristic Compressive Strength, fk, of Masonry (to BS5628:Pt1) for H+H Aircrete Blocks
Table 4
Characteristic Flexural Strength, fxk1 and fxk2, of Masonry to EC 6 for H+H Aircrete Blocks in N/mm²
Table 6
Partial Safety Factors for Material Strength γM from NA to BS EN 1996-1-1, Table NA.1
* Use of H+H Celfix thin layer mortar would enable Class 1 execution control to be assumed
Where joists run parallel to the When hangers are to be built in, For roof and/or wall connections
wall, the three joists nearest the care should be taken to ensure at gables and at separating walls,
wall should be connected to it by their back plates are tight against restraint straps of the same
suitable metal restraint straps and the surface of the wall (drawing 3). specification installed as described
located at maximum 2m centres, in Also, in accordance with the hanger previously, should be used. These
line with the documents on oposite manufacturer’s recommendations, straps should be positioned at
page. These straps should have the hanger flanges must be held maximum 2m centres at rafter
an anchorage turn-down at the in position by a sufficient height (gable verge line) level and at truss
wall face of at least 100mm and of masonry above. Restraint type tie (ceiling) level.
there should be diagonal strutting hangers should be provided every
between the three joists. In order 2m OR restraint straps provided For further guidance see Section
that the restraining straps are able at maximum 2m centres. The 1c of Approved Document A to the
to act in compression as well as masonry above the hangers should Building Regulations (England &
in tension, there should also be be allowed to mature adequately Wales) and BS 8103-2.
adequate packing fixed between the before the hangers are loaded.
wall and the first joist (drawing 2).
As an alternative, when using Thin
Joist Hangers Jointed H+H aircrete, proprietary
Where joist hangers are used, joist hangers may be retrofitted
they should comply with in to the face of previously
BS EN 845-1. The type and size of built blockwork. This method
hanger must be selected to suit the compliments the speed and quality
span and dimensions of the joist to of the thin joint blockwork method
be supported. Suitable proprietary of construction. Further details
types are available to suit all and guidance on installation may
aircrete strengths. be obtained from our Technical
Department. Retrofitted hangers
are not suitable for use with
traditional mortars.
2 3
Designing with Aircrete
Foundation Blocks
4 5 6 7
10 + 11
External Walls
8 9 10
Not greater
Not greater than 225mm
Not greater
than 225mm
than 225mm
Opening
Wall tie
spacing not
greater than
300mm
Opening
Wall tie
Wall tie spacing not
spacing not greater than
Not greater than greater than 300mm
900mm centres 300mm
Where stresses under lintel bearings Lintels for Internal Partition Walls
are likely to exceed permissible Light-duty lintels may be used when
values or where there are large opening widths and loadings permit.
concentrated loads, concrete
spreaders or padstones should
be incorporated (drawing 11).
11 12 13
Padstone
where necessary
For clarity additional insulation not shown For clarity additional insulation not shown
Internal Walls
2.4 75 75 75 75 75 75 100
2.7 75 75 75 75 75 100 100
3.0 75 75 75 75 100 100 100
Walls restrained
at both ends and top. 3.3 75 75 75 100 100 100 100
4.0 100 100 100 100 100 100 140
6.0 100 140 140 140 140 140 140
14
Movement Control
15 16 Minimum
600mm 17
Note a) Flat strip ties only if designer requires
continuity across the joint.
Note b) See page 6 for reference to extra cavity
ties for vertical movement joints.
Minimum
600mm
6m
3m
Opening
225mm
225mm
Location of Movement Joints centres. A flexible sealant may be
Where movement joints are required applied as required to maintain air
they are best positioned: tightness.
21 22
Bed joint
reinforcement
in first two
courses
Where floors
could be subject
to deflection see
PD 6697
Bed Joint
Reinforcement
Regulations (acoustics)
Acoustic Compliance
Cavity closer
Flanking wall
Plaster finish
Cavity closer
Flanking wall
Flanking Walls
Cavity closer
Aircrete blocks
Render and gypsum-based board on dabs
Note:
All RDL Information provided here is accurate at the time of going to press.
For details of any changes and to keep up to date with current assessments,
visit www.robustdetails.com
20 + 21
Aircrete blocks
35mm (minimum) Saint Gobain-Isover RD35 Acoustic Batt
Gypsum-based board (norminal 9.8 kg/m2) on dabs (no render parge coat)
E-WM-23 +24 Separating Wall – (traditional or thin joint) (these RDs can give up to 3 credits in the CfSH)
Aircrete blocks
100mm (minimum) Superglass Party Wall Roll (E-WM-23 only)
100mm (minimum) Isover RD Party Wall Roll (E-WM-24 only)
Gypsum-based board (nominal 8 kg/m2) on dabs (no render parge coat)
Fire Resistance
The Health and Safety The Construction (Design and Celcon Block weights can be found
Management) Regulations (CDM) on individual product data sheets
Executive (HSE) deals 2015 place specific duties directly or within our Products and
with all aspects of on designers: Applications guide.
construction work Aircrete Solutions
To eliminate hazards
in Great Britain. where foreseeable The cellular structure of aircrete
ensures a product that is both
This includes ensuring Eliminate hazards which strong and lightweight, thus
building sites are may give rise to risks providing significant productivity
To reduce risks from any and health and safety advantages.
adhering to safety remaining hazards
procedure such as
Block Weights
manual handling. The Construction Industry Advisory
Committee (CONIAC) guidance
suggests that repetative handling of
blocks over 20kg can increase risk
of injury therefore when designing
or specifying blocks, the lightest
block that fulfills the performance
criteria should be chosen.
Maximum block thickness (mm)* within our product range to comply with CDM Regulations
Accuracy
Construction tolerances should
not exceed the permissible values
set out in BS 8000-3. For further
guidance on accuracy, see BS 5606
Code of practice for accuracy in
building and NHBC guidance.
Building with Aircrete
Table 7
Fig 1.
Solar Sheltered/Moderate * *
Severe * * *
Very severe * * PD6697 recommends
impervious cladding to solid
walls in severe exposures
* Traditional renders should be applied via metal lathing as a reinforced render system.
Some proprietary renders may be suitable for direct application subject to
confirmation by manufacturer.
Mortar: Render Traditional Sand: Cement mixes
The use of over-strong mortars The following guidance covers should not be stronger than the
should be avoided as lower mortar the application of traditional backgrounds onto which they are
strengths enhance the ability of the renders when applied direct applied. Similarly, each coat of
wall to accommodate movement. to the aircrete walls. render should be weaker than the
Recommended mortar mixes are preceding one. This requirement
as given for render mixes below. Where H+H aircrete is used for a is normally met by using the same
Generally, lime based mixes are solid wall, or for the external leaf mix proportions for each coat and
preferable as these give a better of a cavity wall, the external render ensuring that successive coats are
bond than can be obtained with should be terminated at DPC significantly thinner. A Class M4,
air-entrained mortars of similar level, unless a proprietary render or equivalent, is the strongest mix
compressive strength. In external approved for such an application is recommended for use for direct
situations, lime based mortars used. A bituminous paint suitable application on to aircrete walls.
can also give higher resistance for external use, or similar surface Recommended mix proportions
to rain penetration. coating, applied to exposed aircrete (by volume) are given in Table 8.
from 150mm below soil level up
For thin joint constructions, H+H to DPC is good practice (see Sand used for rendering should
recommends that only H+H Celfix drawings 23 and 24). be clean, sharp, well graded and
mortar is used in conjunction with comply with the requirements of
our products. Any movement joints present in the BS EN 13139:2002 ‘Aggregates for
wall should be continued through mortar’. Traditionally, the coarsest
Site Practice: the render finish. Proprietary and sharpest sand that can be
All blocks (as with other materials) types of external-grade stop conveniently handled should be
should be protected. Keeping the bead incorporating a cover strip used for undercoats. Sand normally
blocks dry will ensure minimal are available for this purpose. used for brick/block laying mortar
drying out movement. Alternatively, two stop beads can be is unlikely to be suitable due to the
placed back to back with a flexible high proportion of finer material.
sealant applied between the two.
Table 8 Number and thickness of coats will
depend on exposure and method
Recommended prescribed and designed mortar types
of application. Generally two-coat
Mortar Strength work is suitable for ‘sheltered’ and
‘moderate’ exposure conditions with
Type of Mortar Proportion Designation Class
by volume the final coat being about half the
thickness of the undercoat.
Cement:lime:sand 1:1:6 (iii) M4
Cement:sand with plasticiser 1:6 (iii) M4 Three coats are recommended for
Masonry cement:sand 1:5 (iii) M4 ‘severe’ and ‘very severe’ exposure
conditions (and for renders applied
over metal lathing or mesh).
23 24
Single coat work should be
restricted to proprietary systems
designed to be used in this way.
150mm
150mm
150 150
150mm
150mm
Building with Aircrete
Table 9
Recommended prescribed M4 mortar types
Type of Proportion
Mortar by volume
Cement : lime : plastering sand 1:1:6
Cement : plastering sand with plasticiser 1:6
Masonry cement : plastering sand 1:5
H+H aircrete, under normal Battening Tiling Rendered and
conditions, has moderate to high Plasterboard can also be fixed by Plastered Walls
suction. In very dry conditions, it means of a timber or a proprietary An undercoat of cement:sand
may be necessary to control high metal furring system, which (dense) plaster provides a
suction by dampening the wall should be spaced in accordance stronger background for tiling
using a stock brush or fine spray with manufacturer’s instructions. than lightweight plaster and
immediately before plastering The method of fixing the framing should be used wherever possible.
to balance the blocks’ initial to aircrete is covered under ‘Fixing’, See the Tile Association guidance.
suction. This must be carried (see drawings 25 and 26 on page 33)
out in a controlled fashion and (see also plasterboard Preparation: cement and sand
on relatively small areas at a manufacturer’s data). render is the preferred background
time. Excessive wetting must for large areas of blockwork which
be avoided. Alternatively, a PVA Internal Tiling are intended to receive a tiled
bonding coat can be applied in Traditionally, internal ceramic tiling finish, but the blockwork should be
accordance with the manufacturer’s is applied to blockwork which has allowed to dry out for at least six
recommendations. These are previously received a rendered weeks before rendering. On Solar
typically applied diluted in two or plastered finish. A period of six Grade blockwork the render should
coats, with the first acting as a weeks must be allowed between be reinforced, with welded wire
primer (which is allowed to dry) and the completion of the blockwork mesh secured to the blockwork.
the plaster is applied to the second and the start of the rendering For further guidance see BS 5385-1.
coat whilst it is still tacky. or plastering, and a further two The most suitable mix for H+H
weeks must be allowed before Standard Grade and Higher
Dry Lining the tiling commences. For further Strength Grade block walls is 1:4
Both standard plasterboard and information, see BS 5385-1. cement:sand (by volume); Solar
laminated thermal boards can be Grade block walls, appropriate
fixed by bonding directly to the Proprietary adhesives are available mixes include 1:5 masonry
blockwork using proprietary dabs or which permit tiling to be carried cement:sand, or 1:6 cement:sand
adhesive, or attached to proprietary out sooner on blockwork which is plus a plasticiser.
metal furring systems. sufficiently plumb and accurate.
However, this method is not Application: rendering should be
Direct Bonding appropriate for every situation left with a wood float finish (see
Plasterboard can be directly and advice should be sought from BS 5385-1) and should be completed
bonded to the background using the manufacturers of the tiles and at least 14 days before the tiling
plaster dabs in accordance with the adhesive. begins; the surface should be dry to
the instructions of the board receive the tiling. When conditions
manufacturer; those boards which Generally, tiles should comply with of service are damp or wet, a
have a layer of bonded insulation BS EN 14411. flexible, water-resistant adhesive
should be fixed by means of a should be used with a solid-bed
suitable adhesive. Selection Technical specifications (materials technique (see BS 5385-4).
of a suitable adhesive, and the and methods) for ceramic wall
most appropriate method of tiling can be obtained from The Large areas of tiling should be
application should be made Tile Association. www.tiles.org.uk divided into bays of 3-4.5m2.
in accordance with the board Movement joints will be required at
manufacturer’s instructions. BRE Defect Action Sheet 137 gives edges of tiled areas and at junctions
general advice to avoid problems in of walls, floors and ceilings.
Secondary nailing using proprietary internal tiling. Movement joints in the wall should
nails and plugs is also necessary to extend completely through the
ensure that laminated linings remain tiling, bedding and rendering.
attached to the blockwork in the
event of fire.
Building with Aircrete
Medium-weight fixtures (drawing Direct driven wood screws, with no The use of non-percussive power
27), for example, heavier-duty plug may be used for fixing electrical tools will help prevent over-sized
door frames and battens and small back boxes and the like. Heavyweight pilot holes.
fixtures, should be fixed using items (drawing 28) such as radiators
proprietary plugs and normal and cupboards should be fixed using Advice on the most appropriate
woodscrews. The screws should proprietary plugs. types of fixing for a given situation
penetrate the block to a minimum and pull-out values for a range of
depth of 50mm, and when deciding As a general rule, fixings should proprietary plugged and screwed
the screw length, allowance must not be closer to the free edge fixings is readily available from the
be made for the thickness of the of the block than the depth of Technical Services Department.
internal finish as well as the item embedment, nor should they be
to be fixed. over-tightened as this can affect
the pull out strength.
When fixing battens etc., using
helical nails, it may be helpful to The diameter of holes drilled in
drive the fixing through the timber blocks should be a size smaller
before positioning, to avoid bounce. than that normally recommended
to ensure that the plug fits tightly in
the block before the screw is driven.
25 26 27 28
Proprietary Nailed Cut Nails Proprietary Plugs Proprietary
Fixing (driven in pairs for (Solar) & Woodscrews Heavyweight Fixings
Timber Fixtures such as Timber Fixtures such as Heavier door frames, Heavyweight items
light door frames, skirtings, light door frames, skirtings, battens and small fixtures such as radiators
linings and cladding battens linings and cladding battens and cupboards
Sales
For sales enquiries or to find your local
stockist please contact
Tel: 01732 886444
Fax: 01732 887013
Technical
For technical enquiries please contact
Tel: 01732 880580
Fax: 01732 887013
Email: technical.services@hhcelcon.co.uk
Head Office
H+H UK Limited
Celcon House
Ightham Sevenoaks
Kent TN15 9HZ
Tel: 01732 886333
www.hhcelcon.co.uk