Instrument Piping Material

Marathon Petroleum Company LP Doc No.
: SP-75-01
Doc Custodian: Refining
Refining Rev No: 7
Instrumentation Specialist
Approved By: Refining
Instrument Piping Design and Material Refining
Reliability & Engineering Core Specification
Printed copies should be used with caution. The user of this document must ensure the current approved version of the document is being used.
Director
Revision Approval Date: 1/14/2019 Next Review Date: 11/30/2022
Instrument Piping Design and Material
Overview
Purpose The purpose of this document is to cover mandatory requirements governing the design and
material specification of new and replacement instrument piping.
Scope The scope of this specification shall apply to all new and replacement instrument piping
being installed in Marathon Petroleum Company LP (MPC) refineries.
Note: Where MPC Instrument Engineering approval or review is required herein, additional
information shall be furnished to MPC’s Instrument Engineer by the Vendor, purchaser, or
Contractor for approval.
Records Printed copies of this document should not be retained more than 12 months. Any revision to
Retention this document will be retained indefinitely.
This copy was printed on 3/22/2019 Page 1 of 23

Marathon Petroleum Company LP Refining Core Specification
Instrument Piping Design and Material Doc Number: SP-75-01 Rev No: 7
Table of Contents
Instrument Piping Design and Material ............................................................................................................... 1
Overview ......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Purpose ....................................................................................................................................................... 1
Scope .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Records Retention ...................................................................................................................................... 1
1.0 References ................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.1 Refining References ............................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Industry References .............................................................................................................................. 4
1.3 Refining Standards Drawings for SP-75-01 ......................................................................................... 5
2.0 Mounting of Instruments ........................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2 Labels or Nameplates ........................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Seal, Condensate and Knock-Out Pots ................................................................................................. 6
2.4 Galvanized Instrument Supports........................................................................................................... 7
2.5 Auxiliary Instruments ........................................................................................................................... 7
2.6 Indicating Instruments .......................................................................................................................... 7
2.7 Instrument Location .............................................................................................................................. 7
3.0 Routing of Instrument Piping .................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 8
3.2 Instrument Pipe Support Exceptions..................................................................................................... 8
3.3 Instrument Piping Support Guidelines .................................................................................................. 8
4.0 Take-Off Connections ............................................................................................................................... 9
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 9
4.2 Gate or Ball Valve Installation ............................................................................................................. 9
4.3 Pressure Transmitter Pressure Gauge ................................................................................................... 9
4.4 Minimum Size of Take-Off Connections ............................................................................................. 9
4.5 Rotameter Connections......................................................................................................................... 9
4.6 Connections to Vessel Bottom............................................................................................................ 10
4.7 Connections to Vessel Top ................................................................................................................. 10
4.8 Orientation of Process Taps ................................................................................................................ 10
4.9 Instruments in Vapor Service ............................................................................................................. 10
4.10 Instruments in Cryogenic Liquid Service ......................................................................................... 10
4.11 Instruments in HF Acid-Containing Service..................................................................................... 10
4.12 Orifice Flange Connections .............................................................................................................. 10
4.13 Upstream and Downstream Pipe Diameters ..................................................................................... 10
4.14 Take-Off Connections for Level Gages ............................................................................................ 11
5.0 Process Connecting Piping and Tubing ................................................................................................... 12
5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 12
5.2 Small Connections .............................................................................................................................. 12
5.3 Gas Service Lines ............................................................................................................................... 12
5.4 Non-Tubing Pipe Bends ..................................................................................................................... 12
5.5 Drain, Fill and Blowdown Connections ............................................................................................. 12
5.6 Tees .................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.7 Acceptable Methods of Providing Seals ............................................................................................. 13
5.8 Sealing Instrument from Process ........................................................................................................ 13
5.9 Seal Fluids .......................................................................................................................................... 13
5.10 Process Purge Systems ..................................................................................................................... 13
5.11 Heating of Instruments ..................................................................................................................... 14
5.12 Impulse Line ..................................................................................................................................... 14
5.13 Heat Traced Instruments ................................................................................................................... 14
5.14 Design of Protective Heating Systems.............................................................................................. 15
5.15 Insulation and Coating ...................................................................................................................... 15

5.16 Steam Supply to Instrument Tracing ................................................................................................ 15

6.0 Instrument Air Supply Systems ............................................................................................................... 16
6.1 Single Tube Runs................................................................................................................................ 16
6.2 Air Consuming Instruments ................................................................................................................ 16
6.3 Instrument Air Tubing and Fittings .................................................................................................... 16
6.4 Trays, Ladders, Separators ................................................................................................................. 16
6.5 Instrument Air Distribution Systems .................................................................................................. 17
7.0 Materials .................................................................................................................................................. 18
7.1 Design Conditions .............................................................................................................................. 18
7.2 Instrument Piping and Tubing Materials ............................................................................................ 18
7.3 Tubing Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 19
7.4 Hardness Selection ............................................................................................................................. 19
7.5 Seal Welding ...................................................................................................................................... 20
7.6 Bushings ............................................................................................................................................. 20
7.7 Brass and Copper Fittings and Tubing ............................................................................................... 20
7.8 Special Materials ................................................................................................................................ 20
7.9 Thread Compound .............................................................................................................................. 20
7.10 Positive Material Identification ........................................................................................................ 20
8.0 HF Alky Service Requirements ............................................................................................................... 22
8.1 Instruments in Service in HF Alky Units ............................................................................................ 22
Revision History............................................................................................................................................ 23
Document Revision History ..................................................................................................................... 23

1.0 References
1.1 Refining The table below lists the Refining references used with this document.
References
Number Description
RRD-1250-700 Winterizing and Heat Conservation
RSP-1129-000 HF Alky Unit API RP 751 Requirements
SP-50-03 Piping Material
SP-50-03-A2AV Sever Wet H2S – Hydrocarbons w/ or w/o Hydrogen; Sour Water
SP-50-03-F2AS Simple Wet H2S – Hydrocarbons w/ Hydrogen Below 50 PSIA PP; Sour Water
SP-50-03-ZFCT Hydrocarbons w/ or w/o Hydrogen; Simple or Severe Wet H2S; Sour Water
SP-50-03-ZL Hydrocarbons w/ or w/o Hydrogen; Simple or Severe Wet H2S; Sour Water; Liquid
Sulfur; Sulfuric Acid; Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach); Water Treatment Chemicals;
Phosphoric Acid; Caustic; HCL (All Strengths); Superheated Steam (GWH1 Only);
Corrosive Drains
SP-50-03-ZM Caustic; Oxygen; HF Acid by Exception Only
SP-50-03-ZT Hydrocarbons w/ or w/o Hydrogen; Low Temperature Hydrocarbons; Oxygen; LPG;
Lube Oil; Chemical Injection; Amines; Steam (Including Superheated Steam); Boiler
Feed Water; Utilities
SP-60-36 Electrical Heat Trace System Design (pending)
SP-70-01 Instrumentation Design and Engineering Requirements
SP-70-02 Instrumentation for Temperature Instruments
SP-70-03 Instrumentation for Pressure Instruments
SP-70-05 Instrumentation for Flow Instruments
SP-70-07 Instrumentation for Level Instruments
SP-70-08 Gage Glasses and Magnetic Level Indicators
SP-70-09 Instrumentation for Control Valves & Positioners
SP-70-16 Analyzer Systems
SP-75-04 Instrument Piping Field Pressure Testing
SP-80-20 Selection of Protective Coating Systems for Atmospheric and Buried Services
SP-80-40 Design and Selection of Insulation Systems
SP-90-20 Positive Material Identification (PMI) of New Installation and Repair/Replacement for
Piping Systems
1.2 Industry The table below lists the industry references used with this document.
References
Number Description
American Petroleum Institute (API)
API RP 551 Process Measurement Instrumentation
API RP 751 Safe Operation of Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation Units
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
ASTM A193 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature
or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
ASTM A194 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or
High Temperature Service, or Both
Continued on next page

1.0 References, Continued
1.2 Industry References (continued)
Number Description
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
BPVC Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
ASME B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)-Revision and Redesignation of ASME/ANSI B2.1
ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fitting
ASME B31.3 Process Piping
ASME NB 3630 Piping Design and Analysis Criteria
Instrument Society of America (ISA)
ISA RP42.00.01 Nomenclature for Instrument Tube Fittings
Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS)
MSS SP-58 Pipe Hangers and Supports – Materials, Design, Manufacture, Selection, Application, and
Installation
National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE)
NACE MR0103 Materials Resistant to Sulfide Stress Cracking in Corrosive Petroleum Refining
Environments
NSF International (NSF)
NSF 61 Drinking Water System Components
1.3 Refining The table below lists the Refining Standard Drawings (RSDs) that shall be used with this core
Standards specification. All installations covered by these design templates and project specific
Drawings for drawings derived from them, shall take precedence over any local installation drawings or
SP-75-01 third-party installation drawings.
Number Description
RSD-75-01-01 Single Stand
RSD-75-01-02 Dual Pedestal
RSD-75-01-03 Triple Pedestal
RSD-75-01-04 Line Mounted - Side Mount
RSD-75-01-05 Line Mounted - Top Mount - Vertical Pipe Mount
RSD-75-01-06 Line Mounted - Bottom Mount
RSD-75-01-07 Handrail Mount - Single Instrument
RSD-75-01-08 Handrail Mount - Dual Instrument
RSD-75-01-09 Handrail Mount - Triple Instrument
RSD-75-01-10 Column Mount - Single Instrument
RSD-75-01-11 Column Mount - Dual Instrument
RSD-75-01-12 Stand - Enclosure
RSD-75-01-13 Rack - Junction Box
RSD-75-01-14 Platform Base Mounting
RSD-75-01-15 Grade Base Mounting

2.0 Mounting of Instruments
2.1 General Mounting of instruments shall be as follows:
2.1.1 Instruments shall be accessible from grade, fixed platform, portable ladder or mobile
lift, or where approved after specific justification by MPC Instrument Engineer.
Note: Typically 12 ft. would be the maximum height considered accessible by ladder.
2.1.2 Flow and pressure transmitters shall be mounted as close as practical to the process
connection while allowing for the accessibility requirements of 2.1.1. If accessible,
mounting of instruments on piping (line mounting, close coupled) is an acceptable
installation method (Note: installations not suitable for line mounting include
analyzers, high temperature lines, or lines with vibration.). When an instrument with
impulse lines is remote mounted isolation valves shall be provided so that the
transmitter can be isolated at the transmitter. A transmitter isolation manifold satisfies
this requirement. Any deviations from this approach must be approved by the MPC
Instrument Engineer.
2.1.3 Tubed instruments shall be mounted using manufacturer supplied mounting brackets
or a supported isolation manifold. The local instrument engineer shall provide
guidance for each plants preference.
2.1.4 Instruments which are not line mounted shall either be mounted on 2-inch galvanized
pipe-stands or be solidly mounted per an MPC Engineering approved location. The
centerline of the stand-mounted instrument shall be 4 feet 6 inches above ground or
platform installed to allow for maintenance access. Alternate mounting heights may
be allowed due to tap location with approval of MPC Instrument Engineer.
2.1.5 When piping or platforms are subject to process or equipment induced vibrations
(e.g., fluid solids units, reciprocating compressors, lines in two-phase flow, hydraulic
shock from rapid valve action) a more stable location shall be selected, retaining the
necessary instrument location relative to the take-off connection(s). Where areas with
high vibration levels are unavoidable, wiring systems design shall incorporate
abrasion resistant wiring (e.g., nylon jacketed insulations for single conductor wiring,
metal jacketed or served armor type cables). Special attention shall be given to the
design of raceway and cable support systems in these areas.
2.1.6 All instruments in instrument housings shall have an associated nameplate attached to
the outside of housing and be accessible per the requirements of Section 2.1.1.
2.2 Labels or Labels or nameplates of all instruments shall be of a permanent type securely fastened
Nameplates (adhesive fastening is not acceptable), and shall contain identification tag number. Service
description is desirable.
2.3 Seal, Seal, condensate and knock-out pots shall be level and rigidly mounted.
Condensate and
Knock-Out Pots Important: All pairs of pots must be mounted at the same level with respect to each other,
except where used with differential type level instruments.

2.0 Mounting of Instruments, Continued
2.4 Galvanized Galvanized instrument supports for line mounting of instruments shall not be used on piping
Instrument above 480°F due to accelerated deterioration of zinc-alloy coatings. Materials for line
Supports mounted instrument supports shall be compatible with the piping material. Above 480°F, zinc
arc sprayed stands may be used up to 700°F. Galvanized stands shall not make direct contact
with stainless steel piping. Suitable installations include stainless steel stands/straps or
galvanized stands with SS straps with PTFE (<450°F) or reinforced graphite (>450°F) sheet,
minimum ¼ inch thick, to isolate the galvanized material from the pipe.
2.5 Auxiliary All auxiliary instruments associated with control valves (such as limit switches and position
Instruments transmitters) shall be supplied mounted to the valve unless otherwise specified by the
Refinery Instrument Engineer. Solenoids can either be with the valve or remote mounted per
the Refinery Instrument Engineer. This will be stated at the time of purchase.
2.6 Indicating Indicating Instruments must be readable from the adjustment or operating point as noted on
Instruments the P&ID.
2.7 Instrument Instruments shall be located so as to maintain clearances required for walkways, access ways
Location and operation and maintenance of valves and equipment.

3.0 Routing of Instrument Piping
3.1 General Instrument piping shall generally be routed through pipeways and areas provided for the
routing of plant piping and shall be such as to protect the instrument piping from damage
during plant operation and maintenance.
3.2 Instrument Instrument piping shall be supported from pipe supports, pipe and any other permanent
Pipe Support structure except as follows:
Exceptions 3.2.1 Instrument piping shall not be supported from uninsulated hot (125°F and above) or
cold (40°F and below) pipes.
3.2.2 Instrument piping shall not be supported from pipe or pipe supports that are subjected
to above normal vibration levels. Supporting instrument piping from uninsulated (hot
or cold) piping shall be done only when no other practical way is available.
3.2.3 Instrument piping supports shall not be welded to any pipe or equipment. Instrument
piping supports shall be sufficient to maintain the piping in a neat manner. Instrument
air tubing of any significant length shall be supported in tubing raceway.
3.3 Instrument 3.3.1 Per Table 4 of MSS SP-58, the following maximum spacing distances are
Piping Support recommended for supporting bare untraced tubing in horizontal runs:
Guidelines (a) ¼” to ¾” – 5 feet
(b) 1” – 6 feet
(c) 1 ¼” – 7 feet
(d) 1 ½” – 8 feet
3.3.2 Temperature variations in the tubing will cause growth and shrinkage, so the
installation shall be designed to accommodate this without excessive working of
bends or connections.
3.3.3 Pre-traced tubing bundles shall be supported per the manufacturer’s

recommendation.

4.0 Take-Off Connections
4.1 General New equipment shall be designed to allow for all instruments to have separate taps. Existing
equipment with a 2-inch diameter or larger nozzle and no history of plugging may be
considered as meeting the required independence. However, each instrument shall be
provided the means to be isolated independently from the other instruments sharing the same
tap. Sharing of taps less than 2 inches in diameter shall require Refinery Instrument Engineer
and Refining Instrumentation Specialist approval and shall not be allowed where there is a
history of plugging or in a known plugging service.
Note: Where an installation requires four transmitters to support a 2oo3 SIS installation in
addition to a DCS transmitter, the DCS transmitter can share the tap(s) with one of the SIS
transmitters with Instrument Engineer approval.
4.2 Gate or Ball A gate valve or ball valve (check with MPC Instrument Engineer) shall be installed in each
Valve instrument take-off connection, and shall be located as close to the vessel or line as possible.
Installation Take-off connections, including the first valve, shall be in accordance with the line or service
classification.
4.3 Pressure Pressure transmitters should be piped in parallel with a direct indicating pressure gauge
Transmitter except as follows, in which case separate block valves shall be provided:
Pressure Gauge (a) Shutdown devices,
(b) Dual range installation requiring two instruments, and
(c) Pressure indication associated with flow metering or suppressed range pressure
instruments.
Important: A pressure gauge block and bleed manifold shall be provided to allow
replacement of the pressure gauge without interrupting the measurement from the pressure
transmitter. In the cases of remote mounted pressure gauges or panel mounted pressure
gauges, where small bore piping and/or tubing may be used, pressure gauges and associated
pressure containing components shall be properly supported to minimize risk of damage due
to vibration. Overall length of the remote take-off shall be minimized where possible to
alleviate vibration issues. The standard installation of the pressure gauge mounted directly to
the pressure gauge manifold which is mounted directly to the piping take-off root valve shall
be used wherever possible.
4.4 Minimum The minimum size of take-off connections shall be ½ inch Nominal Pipe Size (NPS). ¾ inch
Size of Take-Off NPS Sch 160 is preferred. If the line or service classification (including corrosion allowance)
Connections will result in an ID less than 0.466 inches (equivalent to Sch 160), either a suitable alloy
material shall be used - wherein a smaller required corrosion allowance will permit achieving
this ID, or the connection size shall be increased to ¾ inch NPS.
4.5 Rotameter Rotameter connections ½ inch NPS and larger shall be flanged.
Connections
Note: Not applicable for rotameters in analyzer sample cabinets.

4.0 Take-Off Connections, Continued
4.6 Connections Connections to vessel bottom shall be avoided whenever possible. When this is not possible,
to Vessel Bottom bottom connection shall extend into the vessel at least 3 inches. Such bottom connections
require approval from MPC Engineering.
4.7 Connections Connections to vessel top shall be avoided whenever possible where the upper fluid is a
to Vessel Top liquid. When this is not possible, a valved vent connection shall be furnished at the highest
point in the instrument piping. Such top connections require approval from MPC
Engineering.
4.8 Orientation The orientation of process taps for vapor lines is at the top with alternate method at 45
of Process Taps degrees below top vertical centerline. Pressure gauges in any service shall be vertical. The
orientation of process taps for liquid or steam service is at horizontal centerline with alternate
at 45 degrees below the horizontal centerline. Process taps for heavy hydrocarbon services
shall be at the horizontal centerline. The alternate of 45 degrees below the centerline requires
MPC Instrument Engineer approval.
4.9 Instruments Instruments in vapor service shall be mounted above the tap(s). Instruments in liquid and
in Vapor Service steam service shall be mounted below the tap(s). Tubing shall be sloped per Section 5.3.
4.10 Instruments Instruments in cryogenic liquid service shall have a take-off at the horizontal centerline of the
in Cryogenic pipe and, if line mounted be level with the take-off and beyond the 100% vapor point (usually
Liquid Service 12 inches from the line of vessel. Pedestal mounted instruments shall be above the take-off.
4.11 Instruments Instruments in HF Acid-containing service shall have a top vertical take-off and be mounted
in HF Acid- above the take-off. Input lines should be as short as possible. Any manifolds should be
Containing approved by the MPC Instrument Engineer. See Section 8.1 for further requirements.
Service
4.12 Orifice Orifice flange connections shall be back welded to the first block valve. Unused orifice flange
Flange connections shall be plugged with a solid plug and back-welded.
Connections
4.13 Upstream Upstream and downstream pipe diameters for flow instruments other than orifice plates shall
and Downstream be per the manufacturer’s requirements. The installation and location of flow nozzles or
Pipe Diameters venturis, when not flanged, shall permit them to be readily removed for line testing and
flushing.

4.0 Take-Off Connections, Continued
4.14 Take-Off Take-off connections for level gages shall not exceed 15 inches in length. If longer take-off
Connections for connections are required, or subject to vibration, they shall be braced. Piping to the bottom
Level Gages connection of the level gage shall be designed to avoid pocketing. The mid-range of the level
gage shall be installed to coincide with the mid-range of the level transmitter. Level gages
(except in solid services) shall be provided with all level instruments. Level gages include
both gage glasses and magnetic float level indicators.

5.0 Process Connecting Piping and Tubing
5.1 General Process connecting piping or tubing, between the take-off connection (block valve) and the
instrument shall be as follows:
5.1.1 Material shall conform with Section 7.0.
5.1.2 Carbon steel piping shall use threaded or flanged joints. Threaded connection shall
not be seal welded except in hydrogen service. Pipe shall be minimum ½ inch NPS,
seamless, Sch 160 wall thickness. Fittings and valves shall be forged steel.
5.1.3 Instrument tubing shall use either single ferrule or double ferrule compression fittings,
and valves with tube fitting ends as specified by each plants AML. Threaded tubing
connections shall not be seal welded. Tubing shall conform with Section 7.0.
5.1.4 Valves shall be either gate, ball, needle, plug, or manifold.
5.1.5 Instrument manifolds utilizing a handle operated valve (e.g., T-bar) for vent/drain
functions shall have a tapped vent/drain valve or port fitted with a plug to prevent
release of process fluids or gasses to the atmosphere in case of a leaking or
inadvertently opened vent/drain valve. Instrument manifolds provided with a wrench
operated vent/drain valve such as those commonly utilized on instrumentation shall
not require any additional plugging components.
5.1.6 The use of other connection types (e.g., flexible tubing) for process impulse lines is
not allowed.
5.1.7 Tubing bends shall be used in place of elbows where practical.
5.1.8 Bushings shall not be used.
5.1.9 Tubing is not to be used in HF Acid service.
5.1.10 Valve packing shall be PTFE for applications less than 450°F and graphite for
applications above 450°F.
5.1.11 Where possible, fittings from only one manufacturer shall be used for an entire
project, including package units.
5.2 Small If the instrument connection is smaller than the connecting piping, then the connecting piping
Connections shall be reduced at the instrument. If it is not practical to reduce at the instrument, reducing at
the root valve may be acceptable with MPC Instrument Engineer approval.
5.3 Gas Service Gas service lines shall slope up to instrument and liquid and steam service lines shall slope
Lines down to instrument where possible. Preferred slope is 1 inch per foot. Slope shall be ¼ inch
per foot, minimum.
5.4 Non-Tubing Non-tubing pipe bends shall not be used unless approved by MPC Engineering.
Pipe Bends
5.5 Drain, Fill Drain, fill, and blowdown connections shall be provided as follows:
and Blowdown 5.5.1 All sealed installations, including those with condensate legs or pots, shall be
Connections provided with a fill connection and a valved blowdown connection.
5.5.2 All steam flow meter manifolds shall be provided with a valved blowdown
connection.
5.5.3 All gage glasses shall be provided with a valved drain connection and a plugged
cleanout connection at the top.

5.0 Process Connecting Piping and Tubing, Continued
5.5 Drain, Fill 5.5.4 All drain lines shall be piped to the appropriate sewer unless otherwise approved by
and Blowdown MPC Engineering.
Connections 5.5.5 Equalizing valves shall be installed for calibration and filling purposes.
(continued)
Note: See SP-70-07 and SP-70-08.
5.6 Tees Tees shall be provide for instruments in severe fouling or coking services to allow straight
through rodding of the root valve. 3 feet of separation from piping root valve to adjacent
piping shall be provided to permit rodding through the root valve. A piping cross may be
used in place of a tee in order to allow both rodding and filling with process fluid.
5.7 Acceptable Acceptable methods of providing seals are as follows:

Methods of (a) Immiscible fluid in contact with process fluid (Note: Seal fluid shall not be reactive
Providing Seals with process fluid.),
(b) Diaphragm seal, and
(c) When (a) and (b) methods are not suitable, purging with suitable fluid from a reliable
source (See Section 5.10 below).
5.8 Sealing Instruments shall be sealed in any of the following process conditions:
Instrument from (a) Corrosive fluids,
Process (b) Liquids which may vaporize in the lead lines,
(c) Fluids which are extremely viscous or solid at ambient temperature and where heat
tracing will be unsatisfactory,
(d) Fluids which may polymerize, or otherwise for solids, in the lead line,
(e) Slurries or fluidized solids,
(f) High temperatures (over 500°F) (Note: Self-cooling due to impulse line length shall be
taken into account where applicable. In all cases, installation shall be designed such that
instruments operate within the manufacturer’s recommended temperature range.).
5.9 Seal Fluids Seal fluids shall be 50% Glycol/50% Water, unless unsuitable for the application. Alternate
acceptable seal fluids are Gylcerine, Dibutyl Phthalate, Fluorolube or DuPont KRYTOX (for
high temperature applications).
5.10 Process Process purge systems require MPC Instrument Engineering Approval and shall be used only
Purge Systems when other methods are not suitable. Purge systems shall be in accordance with the
following:
5.10.1 A block valve with redundant check valves shall be installed between the purge
supply header and each branch header close to the instrument.
5.10.2 Positive flow indication shall be provided for each individual purge.
5.10.3 Restriction orifices (RO), union type installed with a flow indicator or a non-
adjustable rotameter, shall be sized to provide a purge fluid flow sufficient to prevent
incursion of the process into the sensing line but not affect the process measurement
accuracy. A pressure reducing regulator shall be installed upstream of the RO or fixed
rotometer to provide constant upstream purge fluid pressure.

5.10 Process 5.10.4 For applications where there is sufficient variation in the process pressure to cause
Purge Systems unacceptable changes in the purge fluid flow, rotameters with integral needle valve
(continued) and integral differential pressure regulators should be used in preference over
orifices.
5.10.5 In addition, a filter or strainer shall be installed in the liquid purge line system.
5.10.6 The point of entry of all purges into the instrument lines shall be as near as possible to
the process take-off connection.
5.11 Heating of Heating shall be provided if any of the following conditions exist:
Instruments (a) Fluid is viscous or solid at ambient temperature,
(b) Possibility of condensate from gases or air will render the instrument inaccurate or
inoperative,
(c) Instrument may be damaged through freezing of process fluid,
(d) Process liquid temperature is lower than the minimum for the instrument,
(e) Outdoor electronic analyzers with 40°F minimum temperature rating,
(f) Instruments are part of a process control loop in a colder climate refinery location
regardless of being in a wet or dry service, or
(g) Instruments are part of an SIS, ESD, or other shutdown interlock in a colder climate
refinery location regardless of being in a wet or dry service.
Note: Colder climate refinery locations are those that have minimum temperature excursions
below 10°F during the winter. These presently include Robinson, Catlettsburg, Canton,
Detroit and Cincinnati. For information on Electric Heat Trace Design, see SP-60-36
(pending). For more information on winterizing see RRD-1250-700.
5.12 Impulse Impulse lines for differential pressure instrument shall have common heating and insulation,
Line to assure equal temperatures in both lines. Pre-traced tube bundles shall be used for all remote
mounted instruments, the bundle insulation shall be continuous until within the heated
instrument enclosure. Process tap end and instrument end of the pre-traced tubing bundle
shall be sealed per the manufacturers requirements.
5.13 Heat Traced Heat traced instruments, except gauges and displacers, shall be placed in hard case enclosures
Instruments equipped with a thermostat controlled integral heater and a thermometer readable from the
outside of the enclosure. The enclosure shall be large enough to accommodate the isolation
valve manifold. In colder climate refinery locations the use of re-usable insulated soft-pack
insulation type instrument enclosures designed for ease of installation and removal in lieu of
a hard case enclosure requires MPC Instrument Engineer and MPC Instrumentation Specialist
approval. Insulation shall be large enough to accommodate the valve manifold so that
separate heating and insulation of the manifold is not required. The use of soft-pack
insulation type instrument enclosures in locations that do not meet the colder climate
requirement is allowable with MPC Instrument Engineer approval.
Note: Colder climate refinery locations are those that have minimum temperature excursions
below 10°F during the winter. These presently include Robinson, Catlettsburg, Canton,
Detroit and Cincinnati.

5.14 Design of Apply the following design of protective heating systems requirements:
Protective 5.14.1 The design of protective heating systems shall insure that protective heating does not
Heating Systems boil away the process fluid in the lead lines, or heat the instrument above its
recommended maximum operating temperature.
5.14.2 Heated instruments shall be one per enclosure unless otherwise approved by MPC
Instrument Engineering. Having more than one instrument in a heated enclosure can
cause unintended consequences for an instrument not being serviced.
5.14.3 For new units, if heat tracing is required, heat tracing of both instruments and impulse
lines shall be electric.
5.14.4 When new instruments and/ or impulse lines requiring heat tracing are added to
existing units, the following shall be used to determine the design of the heat trace
system:
(a) If sufficient electrical infrastructure exists, both the instrument and the impulse
lines shall be electric heat traced.
(b) Where sufficient electrical infrastructure does not exist, steam trace in pre-
traced bundles shall be used for impulse lines.
5.15 Insulation Apply the following insulation and coating requirements:

and Coating 5.15.1 Where heat tracing is applicable, pre-traced tubing bundles shall be used where
possible (e.g., analyzer sample lines, transmitters mounted remote from process
lines). Shorter tubing runs are to be insulated with custom made reusable soft pack
insulation blankets or weather proof strip insulation made from the same type material
as a soft pack, such as O’Brien Flexpak Weatherproof strip insulation. When strip
insulation is used it shall be double wrapped with ½ inch overlaps. Secure with 16
gauge stainless steel tie wire.
Important: Fiberglass tape or similar soft insulation wrap utilizing an applied mastic
coating for weatherproofing IS NOT an acceptable method of insulting
instrumentation and impulse lines.
5.15.2 Piping used for instrument connections, including tap valves and nipples are to be
insulated/coated per the piping/equipment requirements in SP-80-40 and SP-80-20.
Fiberglass tape shall not be used. Removable blankets can be used with MPC
approval.
5.16 Steam Steam supply to instrument tracing shall come from its own individual supply server.
Supply to However, up to three (3) instruments in close proximity may share a single source, provided
Instrument the tubing is a series loop.
Tracing

6.0 Instrument Air Supply Systems
6.1 Single Tube Single tube runs in the field shall use 316 SS and shall be continuous. Plastic tubing is not
Runs permitted for this application. Stainless Steel Flex tubing is typically used on control valves.
6.2 Air Each air consuming instrument shall have a filter/knock-out pot, a pressure reducing valve (if
Consuming required), and a pressure gage to indicate the reduced pressure. A combination filter regulator
Instruments with gage is acceptable for such applications. Filter body and regulator valve body (or
combined filter-regulator body) shall be of metal construction. If smart positioners are
installed, they shall include a pressure gage.
6.3 Instrument Instrument air tubing and fittings, and the conditions under which they are to be used, are as
Air Tubing and follows:
Fittings
Tubing and Fittings Materials and Specifications Application Conditions(1)

Minimum 3/8 in. OD w/
minimum 0.035 in. wall
thickness
316 SS Tubing --
(Note: Larger tubing is often
required for valves and purge
lines.)
Where possible, fittings from
316 SS, single or double only one manufacture shall be
Fittings
ferrule used for entire project,
including package units.
Note:
(1) Final connection to the instrument shall be 3/8 inch minimum flexible SS tubing, coil
excess tubing (Swagelok or equal). Hard pipe for instrument air supply shall be run to
within 24 inches of the instrument. Typically, 36 inches of flex tubing shall be used to
connect the instrument air sub header to the instrument. Swagelok T Series SS-6BHT-
36 (PTFE core with 304 SS braided jacket and 3/8” tube ends) or equivalent shall be
used for the final connection.
(2) Large actuation devices may require ½ inch flexible tubing (Swagelok T Series SS-
8BHT-36 or equivalent). See device specifications for connection size and air
requirements.
6.4 Trays, Trays, ladders, separators, their supports and other fittings shall be made of hot-dipped
Ladders, galvanized steel or corrosion resistant aluminum (0.4% Cu max).
Separators

6.0 Instrument Air Supply Systems, Continued
6.5 Instrument Instrument air distribution systems shall have block valves located as follows:
Air Distribution (a) In each take-off from the main distribution system to a unit, at the process unit area
Systems limits.
(b) In each branch line from a unit header.
(c) At each consumer.
(d) Supply at least one spare tap valve when adding a new tap to the main air header for
future attachments.
Important:
(1) Where quarter turn valves are used for instrument air isolation, said valves shall be
equipped with a latching/locking device or handle that latches the valve in both the fully
open and fully closed position to prevent unintentional movement and to provide for
lockable isolation point.
(2) Carbon steel or bronze valves shall be used for the application of (a) and (b) above. No
more than six (6) instruments shall be supplied from a valved branch line.
(3) The panel header at the instrument air header shall have at least 20% spare take-off
connections with valves.
(4) Instrument air header and subheader piping systems shall be designed such that
sufficient air pressure and air flow is available to individual instruments with allowance
for a minimum of 20% additional air flow capacity. Low point drains for water that
condenses out of the instrument air shall be installed in appropriate locations.
(5) Instrument air piping shall be installed above ground unless otherwise specified by the
MPC Instrument Engineer.
(6) Instrument air line sizes for air supplied instruments shall be:
− Up to 5 Instruments: ½ inch
− Up to 10 Instruments: ¾ inch
− Up to 25 Instruments: 1 inch

7.0 Materials
7.1 Design 7.1.1 Unless otherwise noted, all pressures and temperatures referred to are design
Conditions conditions. All instrument piping, tubing and components such as valves, manifolds
and fittings shall meet the pressure, temperature and chemical compatibility of the
service.
7.1.2 Instrument piping begins after the first process take-off and isolation valve.
Note: In HF Acid services the piping spec continues to the instrument connection. No
tubing allowed.
7.1.3 Instrument piping design and materials for the HF Alky Unit shall follow the unit
licensor design Specifications (UOP or Conoco Phillips) and comply with
Section 8.0.
7.2 Instrument 7.2.1 Instrument piping and tubing materials shall be in accordance with this section.
Piping and Piping and tubing which is supplied as part of packaged equipment may conform to
Tubing Materials the manufacturer's standard providing it meets the specified design and applicable
code requirements. Stainless steel piping shall only use stainless steel fittings. Tubing
fittings shall be of the same material as the tubing.
7.2.2 The instrument tubing material to be used shall be determined by the line class spec
sheet of the connected piping that contains the same liquid or gas. The P&ID shall be
the master document. The piping line class is called out on the P&ID. The Line Class
Specification sheet (for example SP-50-03-A2AV) will list the required tubing
material. To access the Line Class Specification sheets (including the tubing line class
spec sheets), go to the Refining Standards and Specifications web page / Core Line
Class Specs.
Notes:
(1) Deviations from the tubing material referenced shall only be made when tubing
of a superior grade is specified as a substitute. Deviations must be approved by
the refinery instrument engineer and noted on the P&ID.
(2) There are four materials that are approved for use in refinery instrument tubing.
They are listed below. Note that components associated with instrument tubing
such as valves, fittings, flange adapters, etc., are specified on the tubing line
class specification sheets.
− SP-50-03-ZT, 316/316L SS Tubing
− SP-50-03-ZM, Alloy 400 (Monel) Tubing
− SP-50-03-ZL, Alloy C-276 (Hastelloy) Tubing
− SP-50-03-ZFCT, Alloy 825 (Incoloy) Tubing
(3) A typical example of a substitution for superior grade tubing would be a carbon
steel line class, such as SP-50-03-F2AS if the service contains chlorides. The
line class specifies stainless steel tubing, however, due to the presence of
chlorides the actual tubing requirement is Hastelloy or Alloy 825 as stated on
the line class spec sheet. See Note 1 in Section 7.2.4 below.

7.0 Materials, Continued
7.2 Instrument 7.2.3 Typically, 316 stainless steel is used for all utility instrument tubing (instrument air,
Piping and nitrogen, steam, water and lubricating oil) as long as these streams are pure and do
Tubing Materials not contain any corrosive contaminates. 316 stainless steel is also typically used
(continued) (within its temperature limits) in hydrocarbon streams and other process streams that
do not contain any corrosive contaminates (such as sulfur, chlorides, H2S, SO2 or HF).
7.2.4 Monel Alloy 400 or Hastelloy C276 tubing may be required in services containing
corrosive contaminates or any streams with temperatures above the rating of 316
stainless steel. These will be called out on the piping line class spec sheets.
Important: Stainless steel shall not be used in any chlorides containing service.
Notes:
(1) In lines where they are present, chlorides can collect in tubing that is not completely
free draining causing the tubing to fail. Either Alloy 825 or Hastelloy may be used in
free draining installations in services where chlorides may be present. In these services
that are not free draining, Hastelloy shall be used.
(2) The MPC Instrument Engineer must approve all selections of instrument tubing material
and assure its compliance with the associated piping line class spec sheet.
(3) Sample tube materials for analyzers are covered under SP-70-16.
7.3 Tubing 7.3.1 Tubing wall thickness shall be in accordance with the tubing manufacturer’s
Requirements recommendations and shall as a minimum be rated for use at the design pressure of
the associated process line. Minimum required tubing thickness shall be as follows:
Tubing Size Minimum Required Thickness

¼ - ⅜ inches 0.035 inches
½ - ½ inches 0.049 inches
⅝ - ¾ inches 0.065 inches
1 - 1 inch 0.083 inches
Note: Tubing wall thickness requirements vary to achieve service pressure ratings
and vary with service temperature. Refer to tubing manufacturer’s specification to
determine proper thickness at elevated service pressures and temperatures.
7.3.2 Use standard radius bends in place of fittings wherever possible.
7.4 Hardness Hardness of the tubing and the fittings should be selected to allow proper swaging.
Selection

7.5 Seal Welding 7.5.1 Seal welding of threaded pipe joints in Hydrogen or toxic service (except in HF Acid
Service) is required except for the following:
(a) threaded tubing fittings,
(b) tubing nuts,
(c) union nuts,
(d) vent connections,
(e) drain connections, and
(f) connections at instrument body.
7.5.2 Do not seal weld screwed connections in HF acid service. In lieu of seal welding, all
screwed connections will be made up with teflon tape.
7.6 Bushings Bushings are not permitted.
7.7 Brass and The use of brass or copper fittings and tubing at MPC is only acceptable for tying into
Copper Fittings existing copper steam trace systems. These materials shall not be used in process service or
and Tubing instrument air service.
7.8 Special 7.8.1 All small bore threaded piping associated with instrument take-offs and process
Materials connections shall have materials matching the process piping or compatible with the
process to which they are attached.
7.8.2 Instrument tubing material shall be specified per Section 7.2.2.
7.9 Thread 7.9.1 Thread compound requirements shall conform to the following:
Compound (a) Graphite Based Thread Sealant: Use for process pipe threads and process
tubing threads above 450°F.
(b) TFE (tetrafluoroethylene) Based Thread Sealant: Use for instrument air
piping, SS and Monel tube fittings up to 450°F.
(c) Thread sealant in potable water shall be NSF 61 approved (e.g., Loctite 565
or 567).
7.9.2 Do not place thread sealant on joints to be “seal-welded”.
7.10 Positive 7.10.1 General: PMI shall be performed on instruments and instrument components which
Material are in or a part of Alloy Piping Line Classes and HF Alky Carbon Steel Acid Piping
Identification Line Classes to comply with the intent of SP-90-20. The intent of PMI is to insure at a
minimum, that external pressure boundary components are the exact alloy materials
specified by engineering design.

7.10 Positive 7.10.2 Manufacturer/Supplier PMI Requirements: Manufacturers/Suppliers shall have a
Material PMI program and material traceability documentation for instrumentation and
Identification instrumentation components. If traceability cannot be established then 100%
(continued) inspection of those instruments or instrument components shall be required of the
manufacturer/supplier.
7.10.3 In-Line Instruments: Included in this category are:

(a) inline flow instruments,
(b) control valves,
(c) on/off valves,
(d) orifice plates,
(e) restriction orifices,
(f) gauge glasses,
(g) magnetic level gauges,
(h) displacers,
(i) thermowells, etc.
Note: In-Line Instruments which are located in and a part of an Alloy Piping Line
Class, shall receive Positive Material Identification. All external pressure containing
components of the in-line instruments shall receive 100% PMI.
7.10.4 Off-Line Instruments: Included in this category are:

(a) D/P flow transmitters,
(b) pressure transmitters,
(c) D/P level transmitters,
(d) pressure gauges,
(e) pressure switches,
(f) D/P pressure switches,
(g) D/P pressure gauges, etc.
Note: Off-Line instruments which are located in and a part of an Alloy Piping Line
Class, shall receive Positive Material Identification. All external pressure containing
components of the off-line instruments shall receive 100% PMI.
7.10.5 Instrument Tubing and Fittings (Bulks): Instrument Tubing and Fittings shall
receive Positive Material Identification as follows. If any piece from a representative
sample is found to be unacceptable, each piece of that lot shall be examined:
(a) Alloy Tubing – PMI test 10% of each lot (minimum 2 items)
(b) Alloy Fittings – PMI as follows:
Number in Units in Each Lot Representative Sample

1-5 100%
6-200 5 units or 5%, whichever is greater
> 200 10 units or 3%, whichever is greater

8.0 HF Alky Service Requirements
8.1 Instruments Apply the following requirements for instruments in service in HF Alky units:
in Service in HF 8.1.1 Wetted metal parts coming in contact with main or trace acid process fluids or gasses
Alky Units in the HF Alky unit shall be Monel. Hastelloy may be used with approval of the
Refinery Instrument Engineer.
8.1.2 No glass shall be used in instruments that rely on the glass to contain process fluids in
HF Alky units. This especially applies to gage glass type instruments.
8.1.3 All instruments with impulse lines in HF Alky units shall be located above the
process take offs.
8.1.4 Instruments with impulse lines shall be mounted to the parent pipe to minimize
vibration and movement of the impulse lines. Long impulse lines that are subject to
vibration shall require additional support to minimize movement.
8.1.5 All installations in HF Alky units must comply with API RP 751, RSP-1129-000,
and all UOP or COP (per unit licensor) HF Alky reference specifications.
8.1.6 All pipe nipples and instrument impulse lines from the root valve to the instrument
must match the line class of the process piping (no tubing can be used).
8.1.7 Per API RP 751, all bolts used for pressure boundary closure shall be ASTM A193
Grade B7M and nuts should be ASTM A194 Grade 2HM.
8.1.8 Although tubing is not allowed for process impulse or sample lines in HF Alky units,
exceptions can be made for the internal lines inside Analyzer shelters.

Revision History
Document Complete the following table for each document revision.
Revision History
Rev. No. Description of Change Author Approved By Rev. Date

0 First issue of document. R.H. Cook & Refining Engineering 4/15/14
M.W. Kelsheimer & Maintenance
Managers
1 Added new tubing materials specs SP- R.H. Cook & T.M. Hearn 11/11/14
50-03-ZL, ZM and ZT. Corrected M.W. Kelsheimer
tubing thickness numbers. Added
requirement for latching/locking valves
for instrument air isolation. Addition
minor revision.
2 Added instrument manifold R.H. Cook and T.M. Hearn 2/3/15
requirement to Section 5.1. M.W. Kelsheimer
3 Added Retroactivity statements. Added R.H. Cook and J.S. Stefko 2/25/16
Section 3.3. Added last three sentences M.W. Kelsheimer
to Important Statement in Section 4.3.
Updated Notes 1 and 2 in Section 6.3.
4 Updated HF Alky section. See R.H. Cook P.S. Lysaght 3/23/17
Communication Tool No. 17-038 for
change details.
5 Deleted Retroactivity Statement. Added R.H. Cook M.A. Henschen 8/17/17
“new and replacement” to Scope.
Added Sections 5.14.3 and 5.14.4.
Added “main or trace acid” to Section
8.1.1.
6 Reviewed, updated and approved for 5 R.H. Cook M.A. Henschen 11/15/17
years. Added references to
RRD-1250-700 for further clarity on
insulation and tracing of tubing.
Clarified the use of superior grades of
tubing above that called out on the line
class. Added allowance of the use of
Alloy 825 in free draining services that
may contain chlorides.
7 Added RSD-75-01-01 thru R.H. Cook M.A. Henschen 1/14/19
RSD-75-01-15 to the reference section.

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Marathon Petroleum Company LP Doc No.

Instrument Piping Design and Material

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5.16 Steam Supply to Instrument Tracing ................................................................................................ 15

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Continued on next page

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1.0 References, Continued

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2.0 Mounting of Instruments

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2.0 Mounting of Instruments, Continued

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3.0 Routing of Instrument Piping

3.3.3 Pre-traced tubing bundles shall be supported per the manufacturer’s

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4.0 Take-Off Connections

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4.0 Take-Off Connections, Continued

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4.0 Take-Off Connections, Continued

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5.0 Process Connecting Piping and Tubing

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5.0 Process Connecting Piping and Tubing, Continued

5.7 Acceptable Acceptable methods of providing seals are as follows:

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5.0 Process Connecting Piping and Tubing, Continued

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5.0 Process Connecting Piping and Tubing, Continued

5.15 Insulation Apply the following insulation and coating requirements:

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6.0 Instrument Air Supply Systems

Tubing and Fittings Materials and Specifications Application Conditions(1)

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6.0 Instrument Air Supply Systems, Continued

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7.0 Materials, Continued

Tubing Size Minimum Required Thickness

7.3.2 Use standard radius bends in place of fittings wherever possible.

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7.0 Materials, Continued

7.6 Bushings Bushings are not permitted.

7.8.2 Instrument tubing material shall be specified per Section 7.2.2.

7.9.2 Do not place thread sealant on joints to be “seal-welded”.

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7.0 Materials, Continued

7.10.3 In-Line Instruments: Included in this category are:

7.10.4 Off-Line Instruments: Included in this category are:

Number in Units in Each Lot Representative Sample

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8.0 HF Alky Service Requirements