Smart Antenna – Narrow Band

Processing
Introduction - Recall
 Directional Antenna Advantages over Omni-directional
Antennas
 Phased Array Antenna
 Power Pattern (Array)
 Degree of Freedom
 Optimal Antenna
 Adaptive Antenna
 Smart Antenna Concept
Narrow Band Processing
 Signal Model
 Conventional Beamformer
 Null Steering Beamformer
 Optimal Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

Output: y(t) = ?
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

In Matrix Form

Weight Vector

Signal Vector

Now How do you compute power of y(t) ?

Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

In Matrix Form

If x(t) is modeled as Stationary Random Process , P(t) = ?

Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

Mean Output Power

Array Correlation Matrix

Similarly Now
Write array Power Equation ( in matrix form )
for
Desired signal ,
Unwanted Interference Signal and
Random Noise ?
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

k  Source

Time Delay
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
 Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

Signal Induced on the Reference Element

FDM A

TDMA

CDMA

Signal Induced on the lth Element from the reference element

Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

Random Noise Vec tor

Assumptions

Physical Meaning = ?

Physical Meaning = ?
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model

Steering Vector, Space Vector,

Array Response Vector
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
Narrow Band Processing : Signal Model
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Source in Look Direction

???
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer

Delay and Sum Beamformer

Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Directional Interference
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer

Where
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Random Noise Environment
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer
Signal To Noise Ratio
Narrow Band Processing :Conventional
Beamformer

In absence of Interferer
Narrow Band Processing :Null
Beamformer

If A is not square Matrix

Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer

Unconstrained beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer
Narrow Band Processing :Optimal
Beamformer