Universiti

Malaysia
PAHANG
Erigneerng Technology Creativity

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE : THERMODYNAMICS

COURSE CODE : BTV2213

LECTURER : AMIR ABDUL RAZAK

NASRIN KHODAPANAII

DATE : 5 JANUARY 2018

DURATION : 3 HOURS

SESSION I SEMESTER : SESSION 2017/2018 SEMESTER I

PROGRAMME CODE : BTV

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATE:

1. This question paper consist of TWO (2) sections.

2. Answer ALL questions.

3. All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.
4. Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by the
invigilator into the examination room.
5. The question should be answered in English.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENT:
1. Thermodynamics property tables.
2. ONE (1) page of A4 paper note.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of NINE (9) printed pages including front page
CONFIDENTIAL BTV/171811BTV2213

SECTION A [20 MARKS]

Answer ALL questions from this section.

1. Conservation of energy principle is simply an expression of________

A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
B. First law of thermodynamics
C. Second law of thermodynamics
D. Third law of thermodynamics
2. A boundary of a system is also called as
A. control mass
B. control density
C. control volume
D. control surface
3. Which of the following properties is categorized as extensive properties?
A. Temperature
B. Pressure
C. Density
D. None of above
4. Determine the right equation to measure gage pressure.
A. Pgage = Pabs + Pvac
B. PgagePatm+Pvac

C. Pgage = Pabs - Patm

D. Pgage Pabs - Pvac

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5. Heat is transferred by three mechanism:

i. Conduction
ii. Convection
iii. Convergence
iv. Radiation
A. i, ii, iii
B. ii, iii, iv
C. i, iii, iv
D. i, ii, iv
6. Determine the power required to accelerate 900 kg from stationary condition to a
velocity of 80 km/h in 20 seconds on a level road.
A. 222.22 kW
B. 22.22 kW
C. 111.11kW
D. 11.11kW
7. Atmospheric pressure is measured by a device called a barometer. Thus, the
atmospheric pressure is often referred to as the
A. barometric pressure
B. gage pressure
C. vacuum pressure
D. absolute pressure
8. "The net mass transfer to or from a control volume during a time interval dt is equal
to the net change of the total mass within the control volume during dT"
This statement is an expression for
A. conservation of mass principle
B. conservation of volume principle
C. conservation of energy principle
D. conservation of entropy principle
9. Which of the following is NOT considered as total energy of a non-flowing fluid.
A. Internal energy
B. Kinetic energy

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C. Flow energy
D. Potential energy
10. Convection is the mode of energy transfer between a solid surface and the adjacent
liquid or gas that is in motion, and it is involves the combined effects of___________
and fluid motion.
A. compression
B. conduction
C. expansion
D. radiation
11. A system is said to be in if it maintains thermal, mechanical, phase and
chemical equilibrium.
A. chemical equilibrium
B. thermal equilibrium
C. mechanical equilibrium
D. thermodynamic equilibrium
12. A generator is a device that converts to electrical energy.
A. nuclear energy
B. sensible energy
C. mechanical energy
D. potential energy
13. The microscopic forms of energy are those related to the molecular structure of a
system and the degree of the molecular activity, and they are independent of outside
reference frames. The sum of all microscopic forms of energy is called the
of a system.
A. latent energy
B. potential energy
C. internal energy
D. sensible energy

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14. Heat engines (HE) differ considerably from one another, but they have the same
characteristics which are:
i. HE receive heat from a high-temperature source.
ii. HE convert part of this heat to work.
iii. HE reject the remaining waste heat to a low-temperature heat sink.
iv. HE operate in a cycle.
A. i,iiand iii
B. i,ii and iv
C. i, iii and iv
D. All of above
15. It is impossible for any device that operates on a cycle to receive heat from a single
reservoir and produce a net amount of work without rejecting waste heat is an
expression of_____________
A. Clausius statement.
B. Fourier statement.
C. Kelvin-Planck statement.
D. Stefan-Boltzmann statement.
16. Determine thermal efficiency of a Carnot heat engine that receives 500 U of heat per
cycle from a high-temperature source at 652 °C and rejects heat to a low-temperature
heat sink at 30 °C.
A. 0.954
B. 1.048
C. 0.672
D. 1.488
17. Friction is a familiar form of with bodies in motion.
A. conduction
B. convection
C. reversibility
D. irreversibility
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18. Saturated liquid is

A. a substance that is about to vaporize.
B. a substance that is not about to vaporize.
C. a vapor that is about to condense
D. a vapor that is not about to condense
19. A candle is burning in a well-insulated, adiabatic room. Taking the room as the
control volume, determine if the heat transfer from the room with the ambient.
A. Q+ve
B. Q= -ve
C. Q=O
D. None of the above
20. Which of the following is the two (2) mechanisms of entropy transfer.
A. Heat transfer and work transfer.
B. Heat transfer and mass flow.
C. Mass flow and energy flow.
D. Mass flow and energy transfer.
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SECTION B [80 MARKS]

Answer ALL questions from this section.

QUESTION 1 [10 MARKS]

Complete the following table for H20:

T, °C F, kPa h, Id/kg x Phase description
200 0.7
140 1800 Saturated mixture
950 0.0 Saturated liquid
80 500 -
350 800 - Superheated vapor

(10 Marks)

QUESTION 2 [10 MARKS]

Refrigerant-134a enters a 28 cm diameter pipe steadily at 200 kPa and 20 °C with a

velocity of 5 m/s. The refrigerant gains heat as it flows and leaves the pipe at 180 kPa and
40°C.
a) Determine the volume flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet.
(2 Marks)
b) Find the mass flow rate of the refrigerant.
(3 Marks)
c) Identify the velocity and volume flow rate at the exit.
(5 Marks)

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QUESTION 3 [20 MARKS]

A closed rigid container of 2.5 m3 contains a saturated liquid-vapor mixture of R-

134a at 15°C. The mixture is heated to 60°C until the substances becomes fully vapor.
a) Plot the P-v diagram for the above process.
(5 Marks)

b) Determine the total mass of the substance.

(5 Marks)

c) Calculate the quality of the substance at the initial state.

(8 Marks)
d) Find the initial mass of the liquid.
(2 Marks)

QUESTION 4 [20 MARKS]

A Carnot heat pump supplies heat to a heat exchanger. The heat pump operates with a
low-temperature reservoir at 15 T. Saturated liquid water enters the heat exchanger at
250 kPa and exit the heat exchanger as saturated water vapor. The liquid flows at steady
state at 75 kg/hour. The whole process is shown in Figure 1.
Heat Exchanger

imp

Figure 1: Camot heat pump

a) Sketch the T-v diagram for the fluid entering and leaving the heat exchanger.
(5 Marks)

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b) Calculate the rate of heat transfer in kW, from the heat pump to heat exchanger.
(9 Marks)
c) Calculate the rate of work in kW that is supplied to the heat pump.
(4 Marks)
d) Calculate the rate of heat removed from the low-temperature reservoir.
(2 Marks)

QUESTION 5[20 MARKS]

For a particular power plant, the heat added and rejected both occur at constant
temperature and no other processes experience any heat transfer. The heat is added in
the amount of 3250 kJ at 440°C and rejected in the amount of 1750 kJ at 20°C.

a) Determine the net power produced in kJ, by this power plant.

(2 Marks)
b) Calculate the thermal efficiency in % of this power plant.
(2 Marks)
c) Analyse whether the process is reversible or irreversible by applying Clausius
inequality for this power plant.
(6 Marks)
d) Evaluate whether the Clausius inequality is satisfied or not by comparing the
cycle with the Camot heat engine. Justify your answer.
(4 Marks)
e) If the heat rejected from this power plant is reduced from 1750 kJ to 1336 kJ,
determine whether the process is reversible or irreversible.
(6 Marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER