Mindanao State University – General Santos City

2019 AGRICULTURAL AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING REVIEW CLASS

POST-TEST EXAMINATION SET A

PART III: Rural Electrification, Agricultural Processing, Agricultural Structures, and Allied Subjects.

1. Which statement is false about the piling system for fruit and vegetable storage structure (PAES
417)?
a. Stack should be about 100 mm away from outer walls and 100 mm – 120 mm away from the
wall that is exposed to the sun.
b. Space between the ceiling and the stack shall be 300 mm.
c. Within a stack, a minimum of 10 mm vertical air path shall be provided between each box.
d. Space between stack and sides and floor shall be 150 mm – 200 mm.
e. Stacking height shall be up to 12 units for the cell pack and 8 units high for telescopic tray pack
cartons.

SOLUTION:
2. Suppose you have a micro turbine with blade diameter of 1 m (about 3 ft) and efficiency of 20%.
Calculate the electricity it can generate for your home at air speed of 6 m/sec (about 13.4 mph).
Assume air density to be 1.2 kg/m3.
a. 101.7 W
b. 20.3 W
c. 0.80 W
d. 4.06 W
e. 55.4 W

SOLUTION:
Rotor swept area: A= π(D/2)2 = 3.14×(1/2)2 = 0.785 m2
Available power in the wind: Pwind= ρ×A×v3/2 = 1.2×0.785×63/2 = 101.7 watt

Then the power that can be extracted at that speed is:

Pturbine=0.20×101.7=20.3 watt.

3. A block of mass M = 10 kg is sitting on a surface inclined at angle θ = 45°. Given that the coefficient
of static friction is μs = 0.5 between block and surface, what is the minimum force necessary to
prevent slipping?
a. 65.34 N
b. 53.46 N
c. 34.65 N
d. 46.53 N
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:

Fmin

The minimum force required to prevent slipping is the minimum force that will prevent the block from
sliding down the incline.

Along y-axis: N = mgcos45O

Along x – axis: Fmin + f = mgsin45O f = μsN
Fmin = 10gsin(45°)−10gcos(45°)×0.5
Fmin = 34.65N
4. Based on PAES 255, the following items shall be inspected in the “hagotan” abaca stripper, except:
a. Knife
b. Stripping block
c. Lift pedal
d. Flywheel
e. Pulling aid
5. Based on PAES 402, the slotted floor broiler housing shall be elevated at least ____ mm from the
ground and the posts should have a diameter of at least 200 mm.
a. 250
b. 400
c. 500
d. 750
e. 900

6. Four 40-watt by 120 cm. fluorescent lamp, each producing 3,200 lumens of light, are installed in a
room having a general dimension of 20 x 50 ft. Find the illumination on the floor.
a. 16.0 fc
b. 10.5 fc
c. 24.0 fc
d. 25.5 fc
e. 12.8 fc

SOLUTIONS:
lumens 4 3,200 lumens 
   12.8 fc
 
footcandle
area ft 2 20 ft50 ft
7. Compute the coefficient of wholeness for the rubber roll tested which yields the following data:
Palay sample: 500.0 g
Weight of unhulled paddy: 25.5 g
Weight of whole brown rice hulled: 420.2 g
Weight of total brown rice hulled (whole and broken): 474.5 g
a. 0.9490
b. 0.9212
c. 0.8404
d. 0.8856
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:
From PAES 207:

Coefficient of wholeness = 420.2/474.5 = 0.8856

8. (Refer to previous problem) What is the hulling efficiency?

a. 94.90%
b. 88.56%
c. 84.04%
d. 92.12%
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:
From PAES 207:

Coefficient of hulling = 1 - Unhulled/Sample = 1 – 25.5/500 = 1 – 0.0510 = 0.949

Hulling efficiency = (coefficient of hulling)(coefficient of wholeness) = (0.949)(0.8856) = 0.8404 = 84.04%

9. Renewable Energy Act of 2008 is also known as:

a. RA 9367
b. RA 9513
c. RA 8559
d. RA 8435
e. RA 10915
10. A sphere is fired downwards into a medium with an initial speed of 27 m/s. If it experiences a
deceleration of a = (-6t) m/s2, where t is in seconds, determine the distance travelled before it stops.
a. 54.0 m
b. 43.0 m
c. 65.0 m
d. 32.0 m
e. 76.0 m

SOLUTION:
Time at which the sphere stops:
vo = 27 m/s at to = 0 sec.
a = dv/dt
dv =adt
v t

 dv
27
   6tdt
0

v  v
27   3t  2 t
0
(v – 27) = (-3t2 – 0)
v = 27 – 3t2

At v = 0 (the sphere stops):

0 = 27 – 3t2
t = 3.00 sec

Distance travelled when it stops:

so = 0 m at to = 0 sec.
v = ds/dt
ds = vdt

 27  3t dt
s t

 ds  2

0 0

s  s
0  27t  t 3 t
0
(s – 0) = (27t – t3)
s = 27t – t3

At t = 3.000 sec
s = (27)(3) – (3)3
s = 54.00 m
11. Approximately how many pieces of G.I. roofing nails are there in one kilogram?
a. 120
b. 180
c. 160
d. 100
e. 140

SOURCE: Fajardo Book of Estimates

12. Based on PAES 231, what shall be the maximum moisture content of copra to be used as test
material for coconut oil expeller?
a. 5%
b. 8%
c. 12%
d. 20%
e. 25%
13. Which of the following statement is not true about the test material to be used in testing the corn
sheller based on PAES 209?
a. Variety is locally grown.
b. Quantity must be sufficient for one hour of continuous shelling operation.
c. Moisture content is 18-24% dry basis.
d. Kernel-ear corn ratio is 0.77-0.81.
e. Quantity must include samples to be used for running-in.

14. For every 15 ft of hallway, there should be at least one __________.

a. Duplex receptacle
b. Ceiling outlet
c. Single-gang convenience outlet
d. A and B
e. AOTA

SOURCE: Philippine Electrical Code (PEC)

15. Calculate the equivalent resistance between A and B.

a. 50Ω
b. 60Ω
c. 15Ω
d. 48Ω
e. 12Ω

SOLUTION:
Circuit description: Parallel connection of two series circuits:
Series 1 (5Ω and 15Ω): Req1 = 5Ω + 15Ω = 20Ω
Series 2 (10Ω and 20Ω): Req2 = 10Ω + 20Ω = 30Ω
Parallel Connection:
1 1 1 1 1 1
    
R R R 20 30 12
eq eq1 eq2
Req = 12Ω

16. Your body is burning chemical energy at a rate of 620 W. You are also losing heat to the
surroundings via conductive heat transfer through a layer of wool of thickness 5 mm. If your core
temperature stays stable at 37OC and your surface area is 1.6 m2, how much power are you using to
perform tasks in a cold environment where the temperature is 15OC? Thermal conductivity of woo =
0.07 W/(m·K).
a. 492.8W
b. 1,112.8W
c. 576.2W
d. 82.6W
e. 107.2W

SOLUTION:
Qconduction = kAΔT/x = (0.07 W/m·K)(1.6 m2)(37-15 K)/ (0.005 m) = 492.8 W
Power left = Power generated – Power lost (Q) = 620 – 492.8 W = 107.2 W
17. If the roofing of cattle feedlot (PAES 408) is made of indigenous materials, what shall be the
minimum roof slope?
a. 25%
b. 36%
c. 47%
d. 58%
e. 69%

18. Based on PAES 246, what is the recommended depth of dehusked corn (at 30% moisture content)
stacked on the dryer to achieve optimum drying efficiency?
a. 2.5m
b. 2.9m
c. 3.3m
d. 3.7m
e. 4.0m

19. Based on PAES 222, the chipping machine shall be able to cut at least three different thickness
settings with ____ maximum variation of cut.
a. 2%
b. 5%
c. 10%
d. 12%
e. 20%
20. Stage of gasification where charcoal and pyrolignious oil are produced.
a. Pyrolysis
b. Drying
c. Combustion
d. Reduction
e. Oxidation

21. In the polytropic process equation pVn = constant, if the value of n is infinitely large, the process is
termed as:
a. Constant volume c. Constant d. Adiabatic
b. Constant pressure temperature e. Isentropic
SOLUTION:
If n = ∞, pV n  C
pV   C
p 1/ V  C 1/  C
1/∞  0
p 0 V  C 1/  C
V = C (constant volume)

22. Based on RA 10915, he/she performs specialized or supervisory level of professional practice in
agricultural and biosystems engineering that requires initiative, creativity, substantial degree of
independence, leadership in teams and in multi/inter-disciplinary fields.
a. Junior ABE c. Sophomore ABE e. Executive ABE
b. Senior ABE d. Chief ABE

Proposed amendments to Section 35 of RA 10915.

23. Which statement about poultry dressing plant (PAES 412) is true?
a. Ceilings shall be at least 2.8 m from the floor.
b. All windows shall be properly installed with 6-mesh screen.
c. Windowsill shall be at least 1 m from the finish floor line.
d. The width of external doors shall be at least 1.8 m.
e. Roof event, when provided, shall be properly screened.
24. A barangay road 6.00 meters wide and 2 kilometers long after base preparation requires concreting.
How many 50-kg bags of cement are required using class A concrete is the slab is 6 inches thick.
a. 16460
b. 13,463
c. 14,874
d. 12,082
e. 15,008

SOLUTION:
Using Class A: 1:2:4 or 7.0 bags cement/m3
Thickness: 16 inches = 0.1524 m
Volume: 0.1524 m x 6.00 m x 2000 m = 1,828.8 m3
Cement: (1,828.8 m3)( 7.0 bags cement/m3) = 12,081.6 = 12,082 bags

25. In testing the fruit dryer (PAES 249), thermometers shall be installed in the following areas of the
dryer, except:
a. Near the dryer
b. At the plenum interface
c. After the plenum
d. Exhaust
e. Middle chamber

26. The following are sources of latent heat gain in a refrigerated or air-conditioned space, except:
a. Ventilation air
b. Moisture from occupants
c. Wet surfaces
d. Infiltration by air leakage
e. Solar radiation
27. Wooden joists are used to support a floor load of 6.95 kPa. exclusive of its own weight. The joists
will have an effective span of 4.25 m and be placed at 0.40 m on centers. Weight of wood is 7.5
kN/m3. Design the wood joist (most economical) so as not to exceed the allowable shearing stress
(based on live load only) of 0.85 MPa.
a. 50mm x 300mm
b. 100mm x 150mm
c. 200mm x 200mm
d. 50mm x 250mm
e. 150mm x 250mm

SOLUTION:

Live load:
WL = (6.95 kPa)(0.40m)
WL = 2.78 kN/m

Maximum moment:
WL L2
ML 
8
(2.78 kN/m)(4.25 m) 2
ML 
8
ML = 6.28 kN-m

Maximum vertical shear:

(WL )(L)
V 
2
(2.78 kN/m)(4.25 m)
V 
2
V = 5.9075 kN

Shear shearing stress for rectangular cross-section:

3V
fV 
2bd
3 (5.9075 kN)
0.85 MPa 
2bd

Through trial and error, the most economical size:

d = 250 mm
b = 41.70 mm = 50 mm
28. Based on PAES 406 (Cattle Ranch), a dipping vat should be constructed if the herd is _____ animal
units or more.
a. 100
b. 150
c. 200
d. 250
e. 400

29. Part of the vapor compression system where vapor transforms back into the liquid form.
a. Evaporator
b. Condenser
c. Expansion valve
d. Compressor
e. Receiver tank

30. A transformer has 200 turns in the primary coil and 50 turns in the secondary turn. If the voltage
across the secondary coil is 30 volts, what is the voltage applied to the primary coil?
a. 120
b. 150
c. 200
d. 80
e. 100

SOLUTION:
Vsec Nsec

Vprim Nprim
30 50

Vprim 200
Vprim = 120 V
31. The platform assembly has a weight of 250 lb and center of gravity at G1. If it is intended to support
a maximum load of 400 lb placed at point G2, determine the smallest counterweight W that should
be placed at B in order to prevent the platform from tipping over.

a. 78.6 lb
b. 86.5 lb
c. 64.7 lb
d. 57.6 lb
e. 48.8 lb

SOLUTION:

Sum moments at point D:

(400 lb)(2 ft) = (250 lb)(1 ft) + (W)(7 ft)

W = 78.6 lb
32. A concrete fire wall measures 30 meters long and 12 meters high. Determine the number of gallons
(4 liters content) required using acrylic gloss latex paint if the wall is fine to smooth finished.
a. 12 b. 15 c. 18 d. 20 e. 24

SOLUTION:
Coarse to rough: 40 sq.m. per gallon
Fine to coarse: 45 sq.m. per gallon
Smooth to fine: 50 sq.m. per gallon

Wall area: (30m)(12m) = 360m2

Surface primer: 360m2/50m2 = 7.2 gallons
For final coating: 7.2 gallons
Total: 14.4 gallons or 15 gal

33. Air at 1 atm and 17OC occupies an initial volume of 1,000 cm3 in a cylinder. The air is confined by a
piston which has a constant restraining force so that the gas pressure always remains constant. Heat
is added to the air until its temperature reaches 257OC. Calculate the work done by the gas. R =
0.287 kJ/kg·K.
a. 38.86 J b. 63.88 J c. 83.86 J d. 36.88 J e. 88.36 J

SOLUTION:
p1 = 1 atm = 101,325 N/m2
V1 = 1,000 cm3
T1 = 17OC + 273 = 290 K
T2 = 257OC + 273 = 530K

From pV = mRT
m = p1V1/RT1 = (101,325 N/m2)(1,000 cm3)(1m3/1,000,000cm3)/(0.287 kJ/kg·K)(290 K)
= 1.2174 x 10-3 kg

Work done:
W = p (V2 – V1) = mR (T2 – T1) = (1.2174 x 10-3 kg)(0.287 kJ/kg·K)(530-290 K)
W = 83.86 J

34. Kirchoff’s Voltage Law deals with the conservation of?

a. Mass
b. Momentum
c. Charge
d. Energy
e. NOTA
Explanation: KVL states that “The algebraic sum of all voltages in a loop must equal zero”.
35. The following are advantages of briquettes from carbonized materials, except:
a. Smokeless
b. Easily stored
c. Concentrated
d. Easily transported
e. Fast-burning

36. It is the ratio of the weight of grains that fell out from machine during the drying operation, to the
weight of the total grain input to the dryer, expressed in percent.
a. Moisture reduction rate
b. Damaged ratio
c. Drying loss
d. Drying efficiency
e. Scattered grains

From PAES 202:

37. Which of the following would require the highest illumination?

a. Stairways
b. Yard lighting
c. Feed grinding
d. Milking area
e. Loading platform

Area Illumination (fc)

Loading platform 3-5
Stairways 5
Milking area 20-25
Feed grinding 10
Yard lighting 1-5
38. Find the value of R if the power in the circuit is 1,000W.

a. 10 Ω
b. 9Ω
c. 8Ω
d. 7Ω
e. 6Ω

SOLUTION:

Current: From P = IV, I = P/V = 1,000W / 100 V = 10A

Voltage across 2Ω: V = IR = (10A) (2Ω) = 20 V
Voltage across R: V = 100 – 20 V = 80V
Resistance in R: R = V/I = 80V/10A = 8Ω

39. Which statement is not true about individual nests layer housing?
a. Individual nest shall be 310 mm wide and 310 mm high.
b. The nest should be constructed with concrete wall at the back.
c. The bottom of the nest shall be removable for easy cleaning.
d. There shall be one nest for each 5 to 6 layers.
e. Each nest shall be 310-360 mm long.

From PAES 403

40. A partition wall measures 8.00 m long by 2.70 meters high specify the use of 2” x 3” studs with a
general spacing at 40 cm. for vertical and 60 cm. for horizontal center to center distance. Prepare
the order list of 2” x 3” lumber for the vertical wall studs.
a. 21 pcs 2” x 3” x 10’
b. 18 pcs 2” x 3” x 15’
c. 20 pcs 2” x 3” x 10’
d. 22 pcs 2” x 3” x 15’
e. 18 pcs 2” x 3” x 10’

SOLUTION:
For vertical studs:
Span per stud:
Room lenth/center-to-center distance = 8.00m / 0.40m = 20
Number of pieces: 20 + 1 = 21
Length per stud: 2.70 m or 10 ft

41. Based on the Article 1157 of the Civil Code of the Philippines, they arise from lawful, voluntary and
unilateral acts which are enforceable to the end that no one shall be unjustly enriched or benefitted
at the expense of another. An example is to return money paid by mistake or which is not due.
a. Quasi-contracts
b. Quasi-delicts
c. Torts
d. Obligations
e. AOTA

EXPLANATION:
42. An electric motor has a nameplate rating of 2.0 horsepower, 220 volts, and 8 amperes. Estimate the
motor efficiency if the motor power factor is 0.60.
a. 65%
b. 70%
c. 75%
d. 80%
e. 85%

SOLUTION:
Output
Motor Efficiency 
Input
Motor Input  2.0 hp 746 W/ 1 hp  1492 watts
Motor Power = (Power Input)(Power Factor) = (220V)(8A)(0.60) = 1,056 watts
Output 1056
Motor Efficiency    70.78%
Input 1492

43. A mass of ice at -4OC is needed to cool 114 kg of vegetables in a bunker for 24 hours. The initial
temperature of the vegetables is assumed to be 29OC. It is also assumed that the average
temperature in the bunker is 7OC, within the 24-hour period. If the heat gained per hour in the
bunker is 30% of the heat removed to cool the vegetables from 29OC to 7OC, what would be the
required mass of ice?
Specific heat of ice: 1.9387 kJ/kg-OC
Specific heat of vegetables: 3.35 kJ/kg-OC
Specific heat of water: 4.2292 kJ/kg-OC
Heat of fusion of ice: 335 kJ/kg

a. 39.11kg
 b. 19.44 kg
c. 29.33 kg
d. 39.22 kg
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:

To cool the vegetables from 29OC to 7OC:

Qvegetables = mcΔT = (114 kg)(3.35 kJ/kg-OC)(29-7OOC) = 8,401.80 kJ

Since ice was used as cooling medium (30% of the heat removed from the vegetables):
Qice(-4 to 0) + Qmelting + Qwater(0 to -7) = Qvegetables
mcΔT + mh + mcΔT = (1.30)( Qvegetables)
m (1.9387 kJ/kg-OC)(0 + 4OC) + m(335 kJ/kg) + m (4.2292 kJ/kg-OC)(7 – 0OC)=
(1.30)(8,401.80 kJ)
m = 29.33 kg

44. Type of whitening machine (PAES 206: Rice Mill) consisting of a ribbed cylinder enclosed in a
perforated steel housing?
a. Abrasive
b. Single-pass
c. Rubber
d. Friction
e. Multipass

45. Which statement is false?

a. Blanching may adversely affect the texture of the rehydrated product
b. The orientation of fibers in vegetables (e.g. celery) and protein strands in meat allow more rapid
moisture movement along their length than across the structure.
c. Moisture is removed more easily from intercellular spaces than from within cells.
d. Rupturing cells by size reduction can increases the rate of drying.
e. High concentration of solutes can increase water activity.

46. Area in the swine housing in which a sow is confined during farrowing and lactation periods, but in
which the sow can turn around.
a. Farrowing stall
b. Farrowing crate
c. Farrowing cubicle
 d. Farrowing room
e. Farrowing pen

From PAES 401

47. It refers to the portion of electric conductors that extends from the service entrance to an outlet or
a certain group of outlets.
a. Circuit breaker
b. Panelboard
c. Branch breaker
d. Branch circuit
e. NOTA
48. This refrigerant is used for refrigeration units in aircraft.
a. Carbon dioxide
b. R-11
c. Air
d. Ammonia
e. R-22

49. Classification of slaughterhouse (PAES 411) with required facilities and operational procedures to
serve local markets within the country.
a. A b. AA c. AAA d. AAAA e. B

50. A loaded truck weighs 16 x 103 lb and accelerates uniformly on a level road from 15 ft/s to 30 ft/s
during 4 sec. If the frictional resistance to motion is 325 lb, determine the maximum power that
must be delivered to the wheels.
a. 120 hp
b. 100 hp
c. 140 hp
d. 160 hp
e. 80 hp
 SOLUTION:

Δv (30  15 ft/s)
a  a 
Δt (4  0 s)
a = 3.75 ft/s2

Summation of forces along x:

Fwheel = Ffriction + ma

325 lb  16x10 lb3.75 ft/s 

lb 2
Fwheel 
32.2 ft/s 2
Fwheel = 2,188.35 lb

Solving for the maximum power:

Fwheel v max  2,188.35 lb30 ft/s  = 119.36 hp

Pmax  
550 lb  ft/s /1 hp 
51. Based on PAES 414 (Waste Management Structures for Liquid Waste), what shall be installed on the
tank floor or wall that a person can stand on to attain fresh air and call for help?
a. Perches b. Ladders c. Guard rails d. Grates e. Tractions

52. What is the heat energy required to completely vaporize 10 grams of water beginning at 0OC? The
heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/g·K and the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2,260 kJ/kg.
a. 4.20 kJ
b. 26.8 kJ
c. 22.6 kJ
d. 18.4 kJ
e. 20.4 kJ

SOLUTION:
Q = sensible heat + latent heat = mcΔT + mh
 = (10 grams)(4.2 J/g·K)(100-0 K)(1 kJ/1000J) + (10 grams)(2,260 kJ/kg)(1 kg/1000 grams)
Q = 26.8 kJ

53. The reciprocal of resistivity is ___________.

a. Conductance
b. Resistance
c. Conductivity
d. Impedance
e. NOTA

EXPLANATION:
Conductance – an extrinsic property and depends on the amount, mass, shape, size, etc.
Conductivity – is an intrinsic or inherent property of the material that makes up the object
Resistivity – an intrinsic
Resistance – an extrinsic property (depends on length and temperature)

54. In gases, the transfer of heat takes place by:

a. Volumetric density
b. Transporting energy with free electrons
c. Random molecular collision
d. Unstable elastic collision
e. Electromagnetic spectrum

55. A concrete open fence shall be constructed. Two sides are 20.00 m long while the other side (facing
the opening) is 15.00 m long. Estimate the number of hollow blocks needed if the height of the
fence is 2.00 m.
a. 1,450
b. 1,210
c. 1,500
d. 1,525
e. 1,375

SOLUTION:

A = (perimeter)(height) = (20 + 20 + 15 m)(2 m) = 110 m2

Number of hollow blocks = (110 m2)(12.5 pcs/m2) = 1,375

56. Compute the chopping efficiency of chopper with the following test results:
Weight of product: 4.85 kg
Weight of uncut materials: 0.75 kg
Weight of input materials: 5.00 kg
Time of operation: 0.5 hr
 a. 97%
b. 15%
c. 92%
d. 76%
e. 85%

SOLUTION:

From PAES 219:

Chopping efficiency = (5.00 – 0.75) / 5.00 = 85%

57. A spherical container of negligible thickness holding a hot fluid at 140OC and having an outer
diameter of 0.4m is insulated with three layers of each 50mm thick insulation of k1 = 0.02, k2 = 0.06,
and k3 = 0.16 W/m·K (starting from inside). The outside temperature is 30OC. Determine the
interface temperature between the two innermost layers.
a. 35OC
b. 88OC
c. 65OC
d. 54OC
e. 70OC

SOLUTION:

T1 = 140OC T4 = 30OC
r1 = 0.2m r2 = 0.2 + 0.05 = 0.25m
r3 = 0.25 + 0.05 = 0.30m r4 = 0.30 + 0.05 = 0.35m
k1 = 0.02 W/m·K k2 = 0.06 W/m·K
k3 = 0.16 W/m·K

For individual sphere:

router  rinner
R 
4 π k router rinner

For the composite spheres:

 To find the interface temperature (T2):
T1  T2
Q 
R th1
140 O C  T2
21.57 W 
3.978 O C/W
T2 = 54.19OC
58. Calculate the energy in the 5 ohm resistor in 20 seconds.

a. 1075.6 W
b. 14.67 kJ
c. 21.5 kJ
d. 1075.6 kJ
e. 53.78 kJ

SOLUTION:

For series circuit, the current is the same for the two resistors. Thus,
I = V/Req = (220V) / (5+10 Ω) = 14.67 A

To compute for power:

P = I2R = (14.672)(5) = 1075.56 W
 To compute for the energy:
E = (power)(time) = (1075.8 W)(20 sec) = 21,511.11 J = 21.5 kJ

59. Because biodiesel is hygroscopic, it poses the following problems when used as fuel, except:
a. Corrosion of fuel system components
b. Inhibition of growth of microbes that can plug up the fuel system
c. Gelling of residual fuel
d. Reduction of the heat of combustion of the bulk fuel
e. Pitting in the pistons

60. How much electricity was used if your electric meter presently reads 12,478 compared to the
previous reading of 11,885?
a. 593 kW-hr
b. 213 kW-hr
c. 297 kW-hr
d. 1186 kW-hr
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:
Usage = 12,478 – 11,885 = 593 kW-hr
61. How much energy is required to heat 100 cfm of air at 25OF DB and 20OF WB to 70OF DB and 50OF
WB? Take specific volume of dry air at initial condition as 12.25 ft3/ lb. Enthalpy at initial condition is
h1 = 7.1 Btu/lb, while at the final condition, it is 20.22 Btu/lb.
a. 6,426.12 Btu/hr
b. 4,261.26 Btu/hr
c. 2,612.64 Btu/hr
d. 6,126.42 Btu/hr
e. 1,264.26 Btu/hr

SOLUTION:

Q = m(Δh)
At: DB1 = 25OF WB1 = 20OF h1 = 7.1 Btu/lbda
At: DB2 = 70OF WB1 = 50OF h2 = 20.22 Btu/lbda

V 100 ft 3 /min
mda  ρV  
ν 12.25 ft 3 /lb da
mda = 8.16 lbda/min

Q = m(Δh) = (8.16 lbda/min) (20.22 – 7.1 Btu/lbda) (60min/ 1hr)

Q = 6,426.12 Btu/hr
 62. The shape of the ABE seal is circle with an inside:
a. Octagon
b. Dodecagon
c. Decagon
d. Decahedron
e. Nonagon

63. Wood contains water in three forms – vapor, bound, and _____.
a. Contact water
b. Capillary water
c. Free water
d. Bulk water
e. Hygroscopic water

EXPLANATION:
Free water: The bulk of water contained in the cell lumina is only held by capillary forces. It is not
bound chemically and is called free water. Free water is not in the same thermodynamic state as
liquid water: energy is required to overcome the capillary water. Furthermore, free water may
contain chemicals, altering the drying characteristics of wood.
Bound or hygroscopic water: Bound water is bound to the wood via hydrogen bond.
Vapor: Water in cell lumina in the form of water vapour is normally negligible at normal
temperature and humidity.
64. A wooden joist in a loading platform is 4m. It has a simple support at one end and at a point 1.0 m
from the other end. The supports are 3.0 m apart and the joist overhangs 1.0 m. The joist carry a load
of 1,200 N/m. including its own weight. Design the wooden joist (most economical) so as not to
exceed the allowable bending stress of 13.2 MPa.
a. 50mm x 50 mm
b. 50mm x 100mm
c. 100mm x 200mm
d. 50mm x 150mm
e. 100mm x 150mm

SOLUTION:

Solving for reaction forces:

Summation of moments at R1:

3R2 = (1,200 N/m)(4m)(2m)
R2 = 3,200 N

Summation of forces:
R1 + R2 = Wdis
R1 + 3,200 N = (1,200 N/m)(4m)
R1 = 1,600 N

Solving for the maximum moment:

 From the shear diagram:

1,600 2,000

x 3x
x = 1.33 m

Solving for the maximum moment:

From the moment diagram:

(1,600N)(1.33m)
Mmax 
2
Mmax = 1,064 kN-m

For a rectangular cross-section, the bending stress is:

6M
fb 
bd 2
6 (1064 kN - m)
13.2 MPa 
bd 2
Through trial and error:
d = 100mm and b = 50mm
65. In PAES 221, the ease of loading for the peanut sheller shall be evaluated:
a. From 1-5
b. Time to load
c. Weight loaded
d. From 0-10
e. B and C
66. The density of two liquids (A and B) is given as 1000 kg/m3 and 600 kg/m3, respectively. The two
liquids are mixed in a certain proportion and the density of the resulting liquid is 850 kg/m3. How
much of liquid B (in grams) does 1 kg of the mixture contain?
a. 264.7 grams
b. 647.2 grams
c. 472.6 grams
d. 726.4 grams
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:

Sum of masses based on mixture density:

(VA + VB)(850 kg/m3) = 1 kg
VA = 1/850 - VB

Sum of masses based on component densities:

(1000 kg/m3)(VA) + (600 kg/m3)(VB) = 1 kg
(1000)(1/850 - VB) + 600VB = 1
20/17 – 1000VB + 600VB = 1
400VB = 20/17 – 1
VB = 4.411765 x 10-4 m3
In mass,
MassB = (VB)(600 kg/m3) = (4.411765 x 10-4 m3)(600 kg/m3)
MassB = 0.2647 kg = 264.70 grams
67. Which is the first step in planning the electrical system in a residence?
a. Select proper wiring supplies.
b. Plan the number of outlets.
c. Choose the number of branch circuits.
d. Choose the service-entrance switch.
e. Determine proper wire size.

EXPLANATION:
Steps in Planning Electrical System for Farm Residences:
1. Plan the number of outlets.
2. Choose the number of branch circuits.
3. Choose the service-entrance switch.
4. Select proper wiring supplies.

68. Which of the following organic materials most likely has the most ideal C:N ratio for biogas
production?
a. Rice straw
b. Fresh poultry manure
c. Cattle manure with straw
d. Horse manure
e. Pig manure with grass clippings
69. A current of 5A flows in a resistor of 2 ohms. Calculate the energy dissipated in 300 seconds in the
resistor.
a. 50 W b. 50 kJ c. 15 W d. 15 kJ e. 15 J

SOLUTION:
P = I2R = (52)(2) = 50W
E = Pt = (50)(300) = 15,000 J = 15kJ
70. Which term can differentiate thermodynamics from other sciences?
a. Pressure b. Mass c. Density d. Power e. Temperature

71. The following signify “hot” wires, except:

a. Black
b. Red
c. Blue
d. Yellow
e. Bare (for grounding)

72. If members AC and AB can support a maximum tension of 300 lb and 250 lb, respectively, determine
the largest weight of the crate that can be safely supported.
 45O

a. 385 lb 5 ft
b. 364 lb
c. 431 lb
d. 412 lb
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:
Summation of forces along X:
FAC (3/5) = FABcos45O

If FAB = 250 lb, FAC = 294.63 lb (less than 300 lb, so member FAB will not break)

Summation of forces along Y:

FAC (4/5) + FABsin45O = W
W = (294.63 lb)(4/5) + (250 lb) (sin45O)
W = 412.48 lb
73. Based on PAES 507, what shall be the minimum dehairing efficiency of the dehairing machine?
a. 85%
b. 90%
c. 95%
d. 97%
e. 99.5%
74. Fifty kgs of mangoes are dried from 83% MC to a final weight of 24.30 kg. What is the final moisture
content?
a. 49%
b. 65%
c. 54%
d. 71%
e. 43%

SOLUTION:
From moisture balance equation:
W1 (1 – MC1) = W2 (1 – MC2)
(50 kg)(1 – 0.83) = (24.30) (1 – MC2)
MC2 = 65%

75. It is the major component of the corn mill used to reduce corn kernels into corn grits.
a. Roller mill
b. Hammer mill
c. Disc mill
d. Paddle mill
e. NOTA

From PAES 210

76. A simple saturated refrigeration cycle for R-12 system operates at an evaporating temperature of -
5OC and a condensing temperature of 40OC. Determine the COP of the system.
hf at 40OC: 238.5 kJ/kg
hg at -5OC: 349.3 kJ/kg
h at superheated condition: 372 kJ/kg

a. 4.88
b. 3.77
c. 5.33
d. 6.11
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:
 From the given:
h3 = h4 = 238.5 kJ/kg
h1 = 349.3 kJ/kg
h2 = 372 kJ/kg
Computing the COP:
COP = (h1 – h3)/(h2 – h1) = (349.3 – 238.5)/(372 – 349.3)
COP = 4.88

77. Which of the following equipment does not require special purpose outlets?
a. 230-volt input
b. Appliances that produce sound
c. Motor over 1/3 hp
d. High-voltage value
e. NOTA

78. Many resistors connected in series will?

a. Divide the current proportionally
b. Increase the source voltage in proportion to the values of the resistors
c. Divide the voltage proportionally among all the resistors
d. Reduce the power to zero
e. NOTA

79. Wire with these symbols mean heat-resistant thermoplastic.

a. XHHW (moisture and heat resistant cross-linked thermosetting polyethylene)
b. TW (moisture-resistant thermoplastic)
c. THW (moisture and heat resistant thermoplastics)
d. THHN
 e. RHB (none)

Coding:
T = thermoplastic
H = heat-resistant
HH = heat resistant and withstand high temperature
W = damp and wet locations
X = flame-retardant
N = nylon coated

80. It shall consist of the removal and disposal of deposits of saturated and unsaturated mixtures of soils
and organic matter not suitable for foundation material regardless of the moisture content.
a. Unclassified excavation
b. Rock excavation
c. Common excavation
d. Loam excavation
e. Muck excavation

81. A 3.00m x 5.00 m floor requires 8”x 8” unglazed floor tiles. How many tiles are needed?
a. 400
b. 425
c. 350
d. 340
e. 375

SOLUTION:
8 in = 0.2m
Number of Pieces = (3m)(5m)/(0.2m)(0.2m) = 375

82. It refers to the group of solar or photovoltaic cells connected electrically and packaged into a frame.
a. Array
b. System
c. Ply
d. Panel
e. Sheet

83. A wire of length 2m and another wire of length 5m are made up of the same material and have the
same area of cross section, which wire has higher resistance?
a. Both have equal resistance.
b. The 2m wire has higher resistance.
c. The 5m wire has higher resistance.
d. The value of resistance cannot be determined from the given data.
 e. NOTA

EXPLANATION:

84. With increase in porosity, the thermal conductivity of a solid substance:

a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Remains unchanged
d. May increase or decrease, depending on the solid
e. Cannot be determined

85. It is a division in the digester that prevents the slurry from premature exit into the sludge or outlet
tank.
a. Baffle board
b. Retainer
c. Freeboard
d. Partition
e. Backfill wall

From PAES 413

86. Five hundred kgs of paddy are dried from 25% MC to 14% moisture. How much water is removed?
a. 63.95 kg
b. 39.56 kg
c. 95.36 kg
d. 59.63 kg
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:
From moisture balance equation:
W1 (1 – MC1) = W2 (1 – MC2)
(500 kg)(1 – 0.25) = W2 (1 – 0.14)
W2 = 436.05 kg

Moisture removed = 500 – 436.05 kg = 63.95 kg

87. If there are two bulbs connected in series and one blows out, what happens to the other bulb?
a. Continues to glow with the same brightness
b. Stops glowing
c. Glows with increased brightness
d. Also blows out
e. NOTA

88. It is an electrical piping system used for protection and routing of electrical wiring.
a. Duct
b. Vent
c. Conduit
d. Pipeline
e. NOTA

89. It is also known as “Climate Change Act of 2009”.

a. RA 9397
b. RA 7299
c. RA 3997
d. RA 9729
e. RA 7332

90. Calculate the available power that can be generated from a hydropower plant with the following
operating conditions: river flow rate = 0.5 m3/s, river flow speed = 8 m/s, turbine efficiency = 75%,
and water density = 1,000 kg/m3.
a. 12 hp
b. 13 hp
c. 14 hp
d. 15 hp
e. 16 hp

SOLUTION:

P = (1/2)(ρQv2)(eff) = (0.5)(1,000 kg/m3)(0.5 m3/s)(8 m/s)2(0.75) = 12,000 W

P = 16.09 hp
91. The following are functions of the back pressure or expansion valve in a vapor compression system,
except:
a. Reduce pressure of refrigerant
b. Meter the proper amount of refrigerant
c. Reduce the temperature of refrigerant below the refrigerated space
d. Regulate refrigerant entering the evaporator
e. Vaporize the refrigerant

92. Compute the fiber recovery of fiber decorticator with the following test results:
Weight of the decorticated fiber: 1.842 kg
Weight of the plant: 15.35 kg
Weight of potential extracted fiber: 1.500 kg
Weight of dried extracted fiber: 1.125 kg

a. 75%
b. 81%
c. 7%
d. 12%
e. NOTA

SOLUTION:
From PAES 229:

Fiber Recovery = (1.842/15.35)(100) = 12%

93. Which statement about greenhouse (PAES 415) covering material is false?
a. Glass can best transmit light.
b. Fiberglass is very durable, rigid, and available in various light transmission levels.
c. Polyethylene sheet roofing need less structural components but require high investment.
d. Corrugated plastic sheets provide good protection from rain and better light transmission.
e. Screen is usually used for shading purposes and protection from falling branches.
94. A 100-g object is suspended on a light spring of unknown spring constant, and the system is gently
allowed to come to rest at its equilibrium position. If the change in position between the stretched
and unstretched equilibrium positions is 5.4 cm, what is the value of the spring constant?
a. 10.8 N/m
b. 18.1 N/m
c. 5.6 N/m
d. 24.3 N/m
e. 31.95 N/m
 SOLUTION:

Summation of forces along Y:

Fs Fs = W
k (yO – y) = mg
k (0.054 m) = (0.10 kg)(9.81 m/s2)
k = 18.17 N/m

95. The carpentry term “quarto aguas” refer to:

a. Roofing
b. Beam
c. Wall
d. Column
e. Fencing

EXPLANATION:
QUATRO AGUAS – Four-sides roofs or hip roofs are less likely to get lifted off by strong winds.

96. The resistance of pure metals ___________ with an increase in temperature.

a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Remains the same
d. Becomes zero
e. AOTA

EXPLANATION:
In a conductor, the valence band and conduction band overlap each other, there is an excess of
electrons in the conduction band. When the temperature increases, there is an overcrowding of
electrons in the conduction band hence reducing the mobility and hence resistance increases.
97. Based on PAES 419, sacks made of woven polypropylene have a tendency to slide on each other,
and therefore shall not be stacked more than ______ meters high.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
e. 6
98. When the temperature outside rises, the temperature of the air in the house rises as well. What
process explains why the 2nd floor air is warmer than the 1st floor?
a. Conduction
b. Radiation
c. Convection
d. B and C
e. AOTA

99. Which thermodynamic law explains why softdrink bubbles when its cap is opened?
a. Joule’s Law
b. Charles’ Law (isobaric)
c. Law of Entropy
d. Boyle’s Law (isothermal)
e. Gay-Lussac’s Law

100. What is the minimum resistance of a resistor with red-orange-brown-silver bands?

a. 230 Ω
b. 198 Ω
c. 285 Ω
d. 253 Ω
e. 207 Ω

SOLUTION:
 COLOR VALUE COLOR VALUE
Black 0 Blue 6
Brown 1 Violet 7
Red 2 Gray 8
Orange 3 White 9
Yellow 4 Gold -1
Green 5 Silver -2
% Tolerance Band
Gold + 5% No Color + 10%
Silver + 10%

R = (10a + b) x 10C + % tolerance

R = 23 x 101 + 10%
R = 230 + 10%

Minimum resistance:
Rmin = 230 – (0.1)(230)
Rmin = 207 Ω