GASTROENTERITIS

 Acute (<14 days), persistent (14-29days), chronic (>29 days)

 Mild diarrhea :
o Hydration : fluids, Lactose-free diet. Avoid caffeine.
 Moderate Diarrhea :
o Fluids + antimotility agents
 Loperamide (Imodium) 4 mg po, then 2 mg after each loose stool to
max of 16 mg per day.
 Severe Diarrhea :
o Ciprofloxacin 500 mg po q 12h or levofloxacin 500 mg q 24h. (3-5 days)
o Azithromycin 1000 mg po once or 500 mg q 24h x 3 days
o Entamoeba Hystolitica : Metronidazole 500 mg po tid
o Alternative : TMP-SMX DS po bid (3-5days)
 Travelers diarrhea
o Mild TD (1-2 unformed stools/24h) : Bismuth or loperamide
o Moderate TD (3-5 unformed stools/24h)
o Severe TD (>6-9 unformed stools/24h)
o Primary regimens :
 Adult : Azithromycin 1000 mg PO OD (or 500 mg q12 x2 to prevent GI
upset) or 500 mg q24h x 3days.
 Pediatric : Azithromycin 10 mg/kg/day single dose or 3 days
: Ceftriaxone 50 mg/kg/day IV once daily x 3 days
 Both adult and pediatric : add Imodium 4 mg po x 1 dose, then 2 mg
after each loose stool (up to a maximum of 16 mg/day)
 Alternative regimens :
 Ciprofloxacin 750 mg po 1x (can continue for 3 days if not resolved
after 1 dose) or ciprofloxacin release 500 mg po q24h x 3 days.
 Levofloxacin 500 mg q24h x 1-3 days or Ofloxacin 300 mg po bid x 3
days or Moxifloxacin 400 mg.

URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (UTI)

UTI, acute, uncomplicated, Adult, Female
 Primary Regimens
o TMP-SMX DS 1 tab bid x 3 days
o Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) 100 mg po bid x 5 days
o Fosmomycin 3 grm po x 1 dose
 Alternative regimens
o Ciprofloxacin 250 mg bid or extended release 500 mg q24h x 3 days
o Levofloxacin 250 mg q24h x 3 days
o Amoxicillin-clavulanate 875/125 mg bid x 5-7 days
o Cephalexin 500 mg bid x 5-7 days
o Cefdinir 300 mg bid x 3-7 days

UTI, acute, uncomplicated, Adult, Male

 Primary Regimens
o TMP-SMX DS 1 tab bid x 7 days
 o Ciprofloxacin 500 mg po twice daily x 7 days or extended release 1000 mg po
once daily x 7 days
o Levofloxacin 750 mg po once daily x 7 days
o Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) 100 mg po bid x 7 days

 Alternative regimens
o Ciprofloxacin 250 mg bid or extended release 500 mg q24h x 3 days
o Levofloxacin 250 mg q24h x 3 days
o Amoxicillin-clavulanate 875/125 mg bid x 5-7 days
o Cephalexin 500 mg bid x 5-7 days
o Cefdinir 300 mg bid x 3-7 days
