ADVANCE MANUFACTURING SKILLS

A TRAINING REPORT
ON
ADVANCE MANUFACTURING SKILLS
UNDER
SCHOOL OF MANUFACTURING SKILLS
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the certificate of

ADVANCE MANUFACTURING SKILLS

YEAR OF SUBMISSION – 2018

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Mr. Mahendra Singh Shekhawat Prashant Chaubey

School of Manufacturing Skill School of Manufacturing Skills

Bhartiya Skill Development University Bhartiya Skill Development University

BHARTIYA SKILL DEVELOPMENT UNIVERSITY

Plot 001-002, Domestic Tariff Area, Mahindra World City
Off Ajmer road, Jaipur 302042
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thanks BHARTIYA SKILL DEVEOPMENT UNIVERSITY for providing me a golden
opportunity to join the certificate course in the SCHOOL OF MANUFACTURING SKILLS as
trainee. The support and environment provided during the training was more than what
anyone would have expected.
We are very grateful to (Principal, SMS) who granted us the opportunity of working as a
trainee at School of Manufacturing Skills.
And at last I would like to thanks all the people involved in the training at Bhartiya Skill
Development University those helped us in accomplishing it in such a wonderful way.
 ABSTRACT
I was engaged in various modules of Advance Manufacturing Skills in the School of
Manufacturing Skills where I have learned and practically performed on the Machines under
One Man One Machine concept.

I have worked on various machines like drilling cum milling machine, conventional milling
machine, conventional turning machine, CNC milling and turning machines.

I have worked with various hand tools like files, saw, punch, scriber which is the basis for
every department.

Learned about various measuring instruments together with their selection according to the
tolerances given in the drawings. I have gone through CAD software and CAM software.
All the modules are industry oriented and covering all core departments of an industry.
 CERTIFICATE
I hereby declare that that this is being submitted in the partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of the certificate of Advance Manufacturing Skills under School
of Manufacturing Skills in Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur. This report is not
based on from existing work of any other person or any earlier work undertaken at any
other time for any other purpose and has not been submitted anywhere else at any time.

Date:
Place:

Checked by:
Mr. Sandeep Singh

Mr. Aniruddh Singh

Trainer

School of Manufacturing Skills (BSDU)

Approved by:

Mr. Mahendra Singh Shekhawat

Principal
School of Manufacturing skills (BSDU)
 TABLE OF CONTENT

S. No. Title Page No.

 MODULE 1

 Module Name: Basic Measurements

 Basic Measurements Definition: A procedure to check the quality of all the
characteristics of components.
 Duration of the module (Hrs.): 37.5
 Attended duration of the module (Hrs.): 37.5
 Objective of the Module:
o Drawing reading
o Knowledge of various measuring instrument and their functions
o Develop a measuring instrument list
o Develop an inspection report
 Measuring Instruments used:
1. Vernier calipers
2. Vernier depth gauge
3. Vernier height caliper
4. Micrometer
5. Hole test micrometer
6. Bevel protector
7. Slip gauge
8. Radius gauge
9. Plug limit
10. Thread plug gauge
11. Thread limit ring gauge
12. Surface comparator
 No. Of Exercises/Drawings completed: 10
 Description of the module:
o In this module I have learned about inspection of given component which
consists of two methods Measuring and Gauging.

NOTE: The basic difference between Measurement and Inspection is that when
we are comparing and checking out for just a single dimension or characteristics
like length, width, height or just an angle etc. Then this is called Measurement.
Whereas in Inspection we check for overall quality the given profiles and
characteristics of that component like length, width, height, angle, radius,
chamfer, surface finish etc. Altogether and then to make an organized inspection
report.

o Measuring is an objective test method which gives a numerical value with a

unit of measure or a conclusion with the help of certain standard limit
gauges. Example: length into meters, Angle into degrees, weight into grams
etc.
o Gauging is a subjective test method which gives only a conclusion of the
component being either into allowance made or being not into it. It results
varies on the perceptions on person to person carrying out the procedure.
Example: Sampling the general chamfer through visual test or using a Surface
Comparator can vary into conclusions because of different people having
differently responding senses.
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE MODULE

This module helped us to better understand the procedure which actually follows in the
inspection department of any manufacturing industry and introduced the efficient method
to carry out the measuring and inspections.

Knowledge of engineering drawing is very important aspect in inspecting the components

and the symbols which represent half of the drawing must be understood clearly. We also
improved our drawing reading ability. It was a great experience to get guided by such
humble and qualified trainers with great facility and infrastructure.
1.2 MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

1.2.1 VERNIER CALIPERS

Vernier calipers are used to measure

 Internal dimension: Inner diameter,
slot width.
 External dimension: Outer diameter,
length.
 Depth

I used Vernier calipers of standard ranges of 0-

150 mm and an accuracy of 0.02 mm.
Vernier scale
Also known as auxiliary scale. Values up to
fraction of a millimeter can be read from the
vernier scale and the reading accuracy is
determined by graduation on the vernier scale.
Least count: Value of one main scale division /
Total number of divisions on vernier scale
= 1mm / 50 = 0.02mm or 20 microns
Procedure for use:
 Wipe out and clearing off any dust
particles between the jaws
 Pressing the external jaws against each
other to check for the zero error.
 The jaws are then gently pressed
against the object

Fig. 1- Vernier Calipers  Then we note the main scale reading

called M.S.R
 Then to note down the division on
 vernier scale which coincides with any
of the division on the main scale and to
multiply this number of vernier division
with the least count
Observed Reading :
M.S.R + (Vernier division coincidence x Least
count)
Precautions:
 Not to tilt the vernier caliper because
parallax error occurs when an object is
observed from an angle and can lead us
to wrong value reading.
 Not to exert great pressure while
holding the work piece into the jaw
 Not to use the vernier caliper onto very
rough and edgy surfaces
 Not to rub along the surface to move
from one check position to Other
 Not to plunge down very hardly while
taking depth measurements
 1.2.2 VERNIER DEPTH GAUGE

Vernier depth gauge is used to measure

the depth of cylindrical holes, slots and
pocket etc.

I used one having a standard range of

0-150 mm and 0.02 mm of accuracy.

Least count is determined by similar

procedure as used for Vernier calipers.

Procedure for use:

 The measuring bridges are

cleared off of any dust
 And then these need to butt
firmly against an even upper
surface of the hole or recess
whose depth is to be measured
Fig.2- Vernier Depth Gauge
 Then the lower end surface of
the sliding main scale is touched
on to the surface at the depth
of the hole

Observed reading is also noted down

similarly as for the Vernier calipers.

Precautions:
 To press the bridge properly on
the surface of the work piece at
the point from which the
measure is to be taken and slid
the depth stop along as far as
surface to be measured.
 To tighten the precise screw, lift
off the measuring instrument
and read the measured value.
 Making sure that bridge is
placed on the flat surface
 1.2.3 VERNIER HEIGHT GAUGE

Similar to vernier calipers but

equipped with a special base block.
This is used to measure the height
or the linear distances for the work
pieces which are not possible to
measure from other tools like
Vernier calipers because of its jaws
not reaching and holding into the
surfaces properly due to lesser
space for them to plunge into.

Also used in attachment with the

vernier bevel protractors to
measure surface angles.

I used one with a standard range of

0-300 mm and 0.01 mm of accuracy.

Least count is determined similarly

as of the Vernier calipers.

Procedure for use:

Base
 Use of surface plates as
datum surface is required.

Fig.3- Vernier Height Caliper And this flat surface is

achieved by a flat surface
granite block on which our
work piece and measuring
instrument are kept to carry
out the procedure.
Observed reading is noted down
similarly as for the Vernier calipers.

Precautions:

 Not to put anything else

granite datum surface
provided for the instrument
 Take readings from the eye
level but not from above or
below.
 1.2.4 MICROMETER

Anvil Micrometer also called screw gauge is

used to measure:
 Diameter of a cylindrical object or a
wire
 Thickness of a thin metal sheet or a
block

It works on the principle of screw.

When a screw is rotated in a nut, it
exhibits both rotational and linear motion.

The linear distance travelled by the spindle

shown on the main scale when the circular
scale is given one complete rotation is
called the pitch of the screw.

I got to use micrometers of standard

ranges 0-25 mm and 25-50 mm and 0.01
mm of accuracy. And the pitch of these
micrometers was 0.5 mm.
Least count:
= Pitch of the screw / Total number of
divisions on the circular scale
Fig.4:- Micrometer = 0.5 mm / 50 = 0.01 mm.
Procedure for use:
 The fixed end called anvil or stud is
rested upon with one side surface
of the component and the moving
end called spindle is gently pressed
 against other side surface
 Thimble is then rotated until the
component is held firmly
 Rotate the thimble holding the
ratchet knob which produces a
sound on applying excessive
pressure
 Note down the main scale reading
(M.S.R)
 And then to note the circular scale
division which coincides with the
base line of the main scale (C.S.D)
 Then multiplying C.S.D with the
least count gives the circular scale
reading (C.S.R)
Observed Reading:
= M.S.R + C.S.R
Precautions:
 Avoid over-tightening the thimble,
which could damage either the
micrometer or the item clamped
between spindle and anvil
therefore use ratchet
 1.2.5 VERNIER BEVEL PROTRACTOR

Vernier Bevel protractor is used to

Retaining screw for degree screw measure angle on the surface of the
work piece. With an accuracy of 5
angular minutes.

The measuring range is 0-360º.

Least count:

= least value on main scale / total

number of divisions on vernier scale
= 1º / 12

= 60min. / 12 = 5min.

Retaining screw for measuring bar Procedure for use:

Fig.5- Vernier Bevel Protractor  Fixed Measuring jaw is kept

on the plane surface at one
end of the angular surface
 Movable measuring jaw is
lined upon the length of
angled surface and ensure
that no light gap or minimal
light gap is present between
the contacting surfaces
 The retaining screw for
degree or main scale is
tightened to hold the reading
at a place
 Reading on the main scale is
noted down (M.S.R)
 The number of division on the
vernier scale which coincides
 with any of the division in the
direction of movable jaw is
checked for
 Then this number of division
is multiplied with least count.
Observed Value:

= M.S.R. + (V.S.R x Least count)

A value of 28˚30 min. is shown in

Fig.6.

Precautions:

 Place the beam on a flat

Fig. 6- Taking A Reading On Vernier Bevel Protractor
surface while taking
measurement
 Take reading from the eye
level and only after tightening
the degree retaining screw
 Not to drop the bevel
protractor as it is very
delicate
 1.2.6 SLIP GAUGE BLOCKS SET

Set of slip gauge is placed between

the surfaces to be measured.

These are used for:

 Measuring slots and pockets, if

they are into tolerance
 To cal liberate micrometers,
Vernier calipers etc.
 Also used into combinations
with Sine bar as to increase
height of the set up to
maintain an angle

Procedure for use:

Fig.7- Slip Gauge Blocks Set  We need to make sure that

slip gauges stick together
properly because if they fall
their accuracy will
compromise. To let them stick
properly we need to put two
gauges into cross with each
other and then rotate while
firmly pressing into parallel to
each other. Or we can just
slide one over the other from
one end to full length while
applying pressure.

 While making a set thin slip

gauge block are placed in
 middle and block bigger in
dimension placed outside.

 Then the set is put in between

the surfaces we need to
determine distance of. It
should be inserted half way
along the depth or completely
to the bottom

 Sum of the thickness of each

slip gauges is considered to be
the observed value

Precautions:

 Not to drop any slip

gauge as it may lead
to compromise into
their accuracy
 Not to push the slip
gauge set harder while
measuring as it can
also damage their
surface accuracy
Internal radius gauge 1.2.7 RADIUS GAUGE

Radius gauge is used to measure the

radius or the roundness of the work
piece with provided grooves
(concave) and extended radii
(convex) profiles of the gauge.

The light gap method is used to

ensure a good contact surface. In
radius gauge the radius is
mentioned on a thin metal plate on
which these radii profiles are
formed.

Procedure for use:

 Profiles on the gauge are

kept on the curvature.
 During the check the light
gap makes error visible
 The best profile resting is
noted down with the radii
value market on it

Precautions:

 Not to make a hard contact

External radius gauge
and the profile should rest
normally on the curvature
Fig.8- Radius Gauge
 1.2.8 PLUG LIMIT GAUGE

Plug limit gauge is used:

 To check the accuracy of

finished hole or a bore
dimension

Lower deviation is Go end

Upper deviation is No-go end

The go end has as longer measuring

cylinder than no-go end. So that it can
be identify more easily, the no-go end
has red ring.

Procedure for use:

 Gauge of required dimension is

chosen and any dust particle
from the bore is removed
 If Go end goes in easily that
means wok piece is under
tolerance
 Also if both or none of them fits,
it means work piece is not ok.

Precautions:
Fig.9- Plug Limit Gauge  Not to push very hard or
forcefully while measuring as
these are very precisely delicate
 1.2.9 THREAD PLUG GAUGE

These are used to check the thread

dimensions in a single pass.

Thread plug limit gauge also have go

and no go end

Procedure for use:

 Gauge of required dimension

is chosen and any dust
particle is cleared off from
the ends of the gauge and
the threaded bores
 The go end must easily screw
into the thread that is been
checked
 It must not be possible to
screw in the no go end
Precautions:

 Not to push very hard or

forcefully while measuring
as these are very precisely
Fig.10- Thread Plug Limit Gauge
delicate, the threaded part
must get screwed easily in
one go
 1.2.10 THREAD LIMIT RING GAUGE

Thread limit ring gauge are used to

check the dimensional accuracy of
external threads.

Fig.11- No Go Thread Limit Ring Gauge of M10 There are separate ring gauges for
gauging go and no-go.
Procedure for use:

 The external threads are

screwed into this gauges
 If go gauge is screwed easily, the
threads are ok

Fig.12- Go Thread Limit Ring Gauge of M10  And if no-go gauge is screwed,
then threads are not ok.
Precautions:

 Not to use forcefully.

 1.2.11 SURFACE COMPARATOR

Surface comparator is used to

determine the surface roughness of the
machined surface.

The conclusion of the result varies

person to person on the basis of their
sensation to feel a touch.

Procedure for use:

 With a finger nail scratch the

Fig.13- Surface Comparator
surface of the work piece and
scratch the surface denoted on
the comparator if sensation is
same the work piece posses
same surface roughness.
1.4 CRITERIA FOR THE SELECTION OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
 Size and range : For the selection of range of the measuring instrument, check
according the dimensions of the work piece to be measured
 Contact: see if the instrument can get to the needed contact points and surfaces
evenly
 Repeatability: check if one instrument can be firmly and accurately used for more
than one profiles in a work piece
 Least count: the least count of the to be selected measuring instrument should be
one third of the tolerance provided for the dimensions to be measured
1.4 DRAWING OF A WORK PIECE FOR THE INSPECTION AND AN
INSPECTION REPORT
 Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur

Module: Basic Measurements Drawing No. : - MI 017

08/08/2018
Trainer Signature/date Student Signature/date
1.5 MEASURING INSTRUMENTS LIST

Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur

Module: Basic Measurements Drawing No. : - MI 017

S, No. Measuring Instrument Range Comments

1. Vernier calipers 0-150 mm Least count = 0.02m

2. Vernier depth gauge 0-150 mm 0.02 mm

3. Slip gauge blocks - -

08/08/2018
Trainer Signature/date Student Signature/date