UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER

PAMRA – FISICA III

Tutor: Juan José Hincapié Martínez
Taken from: College Physics, Cengage Learning

1. Two loudspeakers are placed on a wall 2.00 m apart. A listener stands 3.00 m from the wall directly in front
of one of the speakers. A single oscillator is driving the speakers at a frequency of 300 Hz.

(a) What is the phase difference between the two waves when they reach the observer?

(b) What If? What is the frequency closest to 300 Hz to which the oscillator may be adjusted such that the
observer hears minimal sound?

2. Two sinusoidal waves combining in a medium are described by the wave functions

y1 = (3.0cm) sin (πx + 0.60t)

And,

y2 = (3.0cm) sin (πx − 0.60t)

Where x is in centimeters and t is in seconds. Determine the maximum transverse position of an element of
the medium at

(a) x = 0.250 cm, (b) x = 0.500 cm, and (c) x = 1.50 cm.

(d) Find the three smallest values of x corresponding to antinodes.

3. A standing-wave pattern is observed in a thin wire with a length of 3.00 m. The equation of the wave is

y = (0.002m) sin(πx) cos(100πt)

Where x is in meters and t is in seconds.

(a) How many loops does this pattern exhibit?

(b) What is the fundamental frequency of vibration of the wire?

(c) What If? If the original frequency is held constant and the tension in the wire is increased by a factor of 9,
how many loops are present in the new pattern?

4. A student holds a tuning fork oscillating at 256 Hz. He walks toward a wall at a constant speed of 1.33 m/s.
(a) What beat frequency does he observe between the tuning fork and its echo? (b) How fast must he walk
away from the wall to observe a beat frequency of 5.00 Hz?

5. Two wires are welded together end to end. The wires are made of the same material, but the diameter of
one is twice that of the other. They are subjected to a tension of 4.60 N. The thin wire has a length of 40.0 cm
and a linear mass density of 2.00 g/m. The combination is fixed at both ends and vibrated in such a way that
two antinodes are present, with the node between them being right at the weld. (a) What is the frequency of
vibration? (b) How long is the thick wire?
 UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER
PAMRA – FISICA III
Tutor: Juan José Hincapié Martínez
Taken from: College Physics, Cengage Learning

6*. El nivel de presión LP de una onda sonora se define como:

siendo 𝑃𝑟𝑚𝑠 el valor rms de la onda de presión en el punto considerado. Un diapasón vibra con una frecuencia
de 275.2 Hz. Una persona que oye la nota emitida por el mismo percibe un nivel de presión de 64 dB. (a)
Calcular la longitud de onda, escribir la ecuación de onda y determinar la intensidad de la onda en W/m2.
Densidad del aire  = 1,29 g/litro. (b) Velocidad de propagación del sonido v = 344 m/s. (c) Relación entre la
2
𝑃𝑟𝑚𝑠
intensidad en W/m2 y la presión en Pa: 𝐼 =
𝜌𝑣

7.

(a) The bulk modulus of water is B = 2.1(10)9 nt/m2, Find the speed of sound in water.

(b) Young's modulus of copper is 12.2(10)10 nt/m2, and the density of copper is 8900 kg/m3. Calculate the
speed of sound in copper.

8. A certain sound source is increased in sound level by 30 dB. By what multiple is (a) its intensity increased?
And (b) its pressure amplitude increased?

9. The fundamental frequencies of two air columns are the same. Column A is open at both ends, while
column B is open at only one end. The length of column A is 0.70 m. What is the length of column B?

10.

(a) The power output from a loudspeaker is raised from 5 to 50 watts. What is the change in sound power
level?

(b) Show that the ratio of the acoustic powers of two sounds in decibels is equal to the difference of their
power levels.