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Monochromatic color schemes are derived from a single base hue and extended using its shades, tones
and tints. Tints are achieved by adding white and shades and tones are achieved by adding a darker
color, grey or black.
Monochromatic color schemes provide opportunities in art and visual communications design as they
allow for a greater range of contrasting tones that can be used to attract attention, create focus and
support legibility.
The use of a monochromatic color provides a strong sense of visual cohesion and can help support
communication objectives through the use of connotative color. The relative absence of hue contrast can
be offset by variations in tone and the addition of texture. Monochromatic in science means consisting of
a single wavelength of light or other radiation (lasers, for example, usually produce monochromatic light),
or having or appearing to have only one color (in comparison to polychromatic). That means according to
science the true monochromatic images can be strictly created only of shades of one color fading to
black.[2]However, monochromatic also has another meaning similar to “boring” or “colorless” which
sometimes leads to creating a design composed from true monochromatic color shades (one hue fading
to black), and the colors created from the one hue but faded to all wavelengths (to white). This is not
monochromatic in the strictly scientific meaning of the word.
Analogous colors are groups of three colors that are next to each other on the color
wheel, sharing a common color, with one being the dominant color, which tends to be a
primary or secondary color, and a tertiary. Red, orange, and red-orange are examples.
... An analogous color scheme creates a rich, monochromatic look.
Complementary harmony
A complementary color scheme uses colors that are opposite on the
color wheel for example blue and orange or red and green. Opposing colors on the color wheel are
dramatically different and because of this they will create a high impact jolt when paired together.