TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES- QUEZON CITY 0

Effectiveness of Portable Water Filtration System on Reducing Harmful

Chlorine in Tap Water

A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the
Senior High School Department
Technological Institute of the Philippines- Quezon City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for
Practical Research 2

By:

Abila, Christian Dale C.

Alegre, Alyssa Mae C.
Casilla, Joshua B.
Cerillo, Althea Miles D.P.
Mercado, Ivan C.
Rey, Hannie Grace A.
Villarta, Virjiña Vynalene F.

12STEM-A11

August 16, 2019

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES- QUEZON CITY 1

Chapter Three

Methodology

This section shows the material used to make the portable water

system, the procedure on how the portable water system assembled, the

effectiveness of the filtration, how it will remove the chlorine content in tap

water, and it will show how to determine the result of the chlorine content

after the filtration by the use of chlorine paper strips. It also show the data

analysis of the portable water system.

3.1 Materials

The researchers can remove the chlorine content by the use of this

following material; sand, small rocks or gravel, activated fined charcoal,

coffee filter paper, and container. Sand can filter and lessen the chlorine

content of tap water because sand can strain particles and remove almost

90% pathogens and can remove without chemical. It is safe because it is

proven and still used extensively in the water industry. The more fined sand,

the better, because it slow down the flow of the water and filtered it

effectively. The researchers want to use it because it is proven to filter water

and it is not expensive unlike water pumps that cost a lot of money. Aside

from it is cheap, it is not that heavy, the researchers can use it in the

prototype that makes a water filtration system portable that can bring

everywhere. Because of this material, the researchers can make a

prototype without spending a lot of money but still effective in filtrating water.
TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES- QUEZON CITY 2

Small rocks or gravel only helps to remove solid particles in the water. It is

placed under the sand to help water to pass through easily, but can still be

filtered by the rocks while water flowing through it. In choosing a rocks it is

safer if aquarium rocks are use. It is also not that heavy that researchers

can use it in the portable prototype. Activated fined charcoal is in the top

layer of the sand where water is about to be pour or can be also placed

beneath the other materials where water is about to be pour. The more

material in the water filtration system and the slower the water flows through

the more effective it will be. Charcoal is the most used filter in home because

it is natural and effective to remove toxins and the smell of the water.

Activated charcoal is also effective in removing chlorine content of the water

also some organic compounds. The researchers want to use it because the

main idea of our study is to remove the chlorine content in tap water. It is

not that expensive and can be used and placed it in researcher’s prototype

because it is not heavy. Coffee filter paper can be used to filter water

because coffee papers is used to brew the coffee powder. Coffee papers

can remove oil, and other organic compounds. The researcher’s wants to

use this material because it is replaceable and can trap other materials. It

is affordable and light because it is only made in nylons and this material is

safe because it is replaceable. Container, it is where materials are about to

place, the container should be elongated plastic tumbler so the materials

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES- QUEZON CITY 3

can be fit in, clear to observe what is going on inside the container and

portable to help the individual use and carry it easily.

3.2 Procedure

In making a portable water filtration system, the researchers created

a process to make it successfully done. Plastic tumbler will serve as the

container for water system and the innovator will assemble the material in

order. First, there is a solid plastic disc that can be used as a holder for the

sand, small rocks, gravel, and activated fine charcoal. Putting a holes under

the solid plastic disc is the first step to do in order to make the water pass

through and make another hole for the passage out of the water using a

straw when sipping it so that it would be cleaner and the chlorine would be

consumed or eliminate. Next, put it inside the half of a container then stick

the coffee filter on the plastic holder of the materials for the filtration and

make the materials in orderly. First is the refined activated charcoal, next is

the gravel then small rocks and last is the sand. After that, put half of it

inside of the container because other half is provided for the space for the

water that has no chlorine at all then stick it with a glue that is water resistant

and safe when it is under water. After that, the researchers will test the flow

of the water in filter materials if it is working. The researchers are also going

to test if the portable water system of tap water would be effective in filtering

and removing the chlorine with the use of chlorine strip tester. After testing,

the results shows that it is effective in removing the chlorine content by

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES- QUEZON CITY 4

using activated carbon, which became a potable water because of the

materials that are used in filtration.

3.3 Data Analysis

The tap water will be filtered using portable water system. The

prototype of water system takes one day to assemble. The water flows into

the mentioned materials. The water use in the experiment is from the tap

and expected to have chlorine. The data analysis was determined using the

chlorine strip tester. The strip has different color that can describe the

amount or value of the chlorine in the water. The strip has colors that

labelled into different type of chlorine, it is use to determine what type of

chlorine is present in the water. The filtered water from the portable water

system can be examine with the strip. Then the result from the chlorine strip

tester shows that the tap water before filtration has low chlorine content and

the result after the filtration was no chlorine content. it shows that the

portable water system is effective.