Radicalization to Violence Online: A Law Enforcement Perspective December 19 , 2017 Joanne Crampton Assistant Commissioner Federal Policing National Security Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale CanadaTo provide an overview of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police’s understanding of radicalization to violence online, our efforts to mitigate it and the challenges we face Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale Canada 2The RCMP’s understanding of the threat environment is the same as CSIS + Rapidly evolving + Groups leveraging the internet The Internet is a key source of material that contributes to radicalization to violence in Canada RCMP continues to see terrorist messaging through social media platforms (e.g. YouTube and Facebook) + Increasing trend toward encrypted applications such as Telegram Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale CanadaLaw Enforcement ae an The RCMP’s primary goal is to investigate and disrupt terrorist activity + Itis an offence to advocate to conduct terrorist activity + However, the RCMP also has a mandate to prevent criminal activity + Engaged in efforts to prevent radicalization to violence before it occurs + Careful balance required ‘+ Removing content helps prevent radicalization to violence * Collecting evidence necessary for investigations and prosecutions + Regardless of the approach, collecting digital evidence is critical to our ability to disrupt the threat + Engaging partners to remove content only on a case-by-case basis se Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale CanadaIntegrated National Security Enforcement Teams (INSETs) + Primary investigative units First Responder Terrorism Awareness Program * Providing training and awareness to police of jurisdiction and other first responders + Identify the early signs and how to report it Engagement with the public + Increasing awareness of the online space and its use to radicalize to. violence + Youth Online and at Risk Tool Kit Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale Canada+ Intelligence analysts at the INSETS * Federal Policing National Security Operations at NHQ + Dedicated analysts who review ongoing files Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale CanadaEvolving technological landscape + Platforms and how citizens engage with them continually changing + Different sites preferred by different actors (e.g. 4chan vs Telegram) + New platforms are constantly emerging * Encryption technologies and anonymizing online tools * Conceals communication and avoids detection + Citizens are increasingly using encryption + However groups/actors are also increasingly tek-savvy and demonstrate sophisticated operational security * Environmental challenges in identifying, accessing, monitoring and disrupting content + Legislative, regulatory, judicial and jurisdictional barriers Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale CanadaRelationships have been developed with Communication Service Providers (CSP)s CSPs removing content when notified of breach of terms of service Preliminary discussions with some CSPs on how to work together more effectively Working together will help us address the threat and address law enforcement’s unique needs CSPs are experts on how platforms are being used Our efforts can help diminish criminal activity on your platforms Partners can remove content without negatively impacting operational or investigative efforts Federal Policing ~ Police fédérale Canada