BATAAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

GENERAL BIOLOGY 2
LONG TEST # 4
NERVOUS SYSTEM

Directions: 1. Choose the letter of the best answer (Capital Letter).

2. ANY FORM of ERASURE is not allowed.
3. Friction Pens/Pencils are NOT allowed.

1. The impulse-conducting cells of the nervous system are called:

a. neuroglia. b. neurons. c. microglia. d. ependymal cells.
2. What is the blood-brain barrier?
a. It’s a membrane surrounding the brain that keeps blood from penetrating brain tissue.
b. It’s a membrane surrounding the brain that keeps the blood in the brain separate from the blood in the rest of the
body.
c. It’s a semi-permeable membrane that permits small molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse across to
the brain but blocks larger molecules.
d. It’s a semi-permeable membrane that prevents cerebrospinal fluid from leaving the brain and entering the
bloodstream.
3. Which neurons detect sensations such as touch or heat and then relay information about the stimuli to the central
nervous system?
a. Efferent neurons b. Interneurons c. Afferent neurons d. Schwann cells
4. The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
a. increases heart rate and digestive activity. c. causes pupils to constrict.
b. decreases heart rate and digestive activity. d. None of these are correct.
5. When the action potential begins, Na+ gates open, allowing Na to cross the membrane. The charge difference across
the axon membrane changes to
a. negative outside and positive inside.
b. positive outside and negative inside.
c. neutral outside and positive inside.
d. There is no difference in charge between outside and inside.
6. Transmission of a nerve impulse across a synapse is accomplished by the
a. movement of Na+ and K+ c. release of a neurotransmitter by an axon.
b. release of a neurotransmitter by a dendrite. d. release of a neurotransmitter by a cell body.
7. Which statement regarding spinal nerves is true?
a. Spinal nerves are mixed nerves, containing both sensory and motor fibers, making it capable of transmitting
impulses in two directions.
b. Spinal nerves are primarily motor nerves, responsible for transmitting impulses to skeletal muscles.
c. Spinal nerves are primarily sensory nerves, responsible for transmitting sensations from the muscles to the brain
and spinal cord.
d. Spinal nerves are a chief component of the autonomic nervous system and are responsible for controlling
autonomic functions.
8. Which one of the following describes saltatory conduction:
a. is faster than conduction on an unmyelinated fiber
b. occurs only if nodes of Ranvier are lacking
c. occurs only if the myelin sheath is continuous
d. is slower than conduction on an unmyelinated fiber
9. Which portion of the brain contains centers responsible for such vital functions as heart rate, breathing, and blood
pressure?
a. Pons b. Medulla oblongata c. Midbrain d. Cerebellum
10. Which of the following is a characteristic of the somatic nervous system?
a. It innervates glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle.
b. It consists of two nerve fibers that synapse at a ganglion before reaching a target organ.
c. It secretes both acetylcholine and norepinephrine.
d. It operates under voluntary control.
11. The impulse-conducting cells of the nervous system are called:
a. neuroglia. b. neurons. c. microglia. d. ependymal cells.
12. What is the blood-brain barrier?
a. It’s a membrane surrounding the brain that keeps blood from penetrating brain tissue.
b. It’s a membrane surrounding the brain that keeps the blood in the brain separate from the blood in the rest of the
body.
c. It’s a semi-permeable membrane that permits small molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse across to
the brain but blocks larger molecules.
d. It’s a semi-permeable membrane that prevents cerebrospinal fluid from leaving the brain and entering the
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 bloodstream.
13. Which neurons detect sensations such as touch or heat and then relay information about the stimuli to the central
nervous system?
a. Efferent neurons b. Interneurons c. Afferent neurons d. Schwann cells
14. A nerve cell in which phase cannot respond to a new stimulus?
a. Resting potential b. Action potential c. Repolarization d. Refractory period
15. Which statement regarding spinal nerves is true?
a. Spinal nerves are mixed nerves, containing both sensory and motor fibers, making it capable of transmitting
impulses in two directions.
b. Spinal nerves are primarily motor nerves, responsible for transmitting impulses to skeletal muscles.
c. Spinal nerves are primarily sensory nerves, responsible for transmitting sensations from the muscles to the brain and
spinal cord.
d. Spinal nerves are a chief component of the autonomic nervous system and are responsible for controlling autonomic
functions.
16. Which key nerve is part of the sacral plexus?
a. Phrenic nerve b. Axillary nerve c. Sciatic nerve d. Femoral nerve
17. Which statement about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is true?
a. An adult’s brain contains about 500 ml of CSF.
b. The brain monitors the level of oxygen in CSF.
c. CSF furnishes the brain with glucose and protein.
d. CSF remains relatively stagnant within the cerebral cavity.
18. Which portion of the brain contains centers responsible for such vital functions as heart rate, breathing, and blood
pressure?
a. Pons b. Medulla oblongata c. Midbrain d. Cerebellum
19. Which brain structure influences nearly every organ and exerts control over the autonomic nervous system and
pituitary gland?
a. Thalamus b. Limbic system c. Cerebral cortex d. Hypothalamus
20. An injury to which part of the brain may result in a severe personality disorder and cause socially inappropriate
behavior?
a. Frontal lobe b. Parietal lobe c. Temporal lobe d. Occipital lobe
21. Which area of the brain receives impulses of heat, cold, and touch from receptors all over the body and is, therefore,
known as the primary somatic sensory area?
a. Precentral gyrus b.Wernicke’s area c. Broca’s area d. Postcentral gyrus
22. Which cranial nerve supplies most of the organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities as well as those in the head
and neck?
a. Glossopharyngeal b. Hypoglossal c. Vagus d. Vestibulocochlear
23. Brain swelling from a head injury can compress this nerve and interfere with the ability of the pupils to react to light.
a. Oculomotor b. Olfactory c. Optic d. Facial
24. Which of the following is a characteristic of the somatic nervous system?
a. It innervates glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle.
b. It consists of two nerve fibers that synapse at a ganglion before reaching a target organ.
c. It secretes both acetylcholine and norepinephrine.
d. It operates under voluntary control.
25. Which of the following is one of the actions of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
a. Increases heart rate c. Stimulates sweat glands
b. Constricts bronchial tubes d. Inhibits intestinal motility
26. Which of the following statements correctly describes cholinergic fibers?
a. Cholinergic fibers secrete norepinephrine.
b. Cholinergic fibers include the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
c. Cholinergic fibers secrete acetylcholine.
d. Cholinergic fibers include the preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division only.
27. The effect produced by a neurotransmitter (such as whether it constricts or dilates blood vessels) is ultimately
determined by:
a. the amount of neurotransmitter released.
b. the type of neurotransmitter released.
c. the type of receptor.
d. the number of receptors.
28. The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of:
A) nutrients such as glucose B) metabolic waste such as urea C) water D) anesthetics
29. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the:
A) autonomic nervous system C) somatic nervous system
B) voluntary nervous system D) central nervous system
30. An action potential:

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 A) involves the outflux of negative ions to depolarize the membrane
B) involves the influx of negative ions to depolarize the membrane
C) is initiated by potassium ion movements
D) is essential for nerve impulse propagation
31. The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the:
A) motor division C) sensory division
B) parasympathetic nervous system D) central nervous system
32. Claudine has a brain injury; she knows what she wants to say but canʹt vocalize the words. The part of her brain that
deals with the ability to speak is the:
A) central sulcus B) Brocaʹs area C) primary motor area D) longitudinal fissure
33. Which of these cells are not a type of neuroglia found in the CNS:
A) Schwann cells B) oligodendrocytes C) ependymal cells D) astrocytes
34. Lobe that contains the primary motor area that enables voluntary control of skeletal muscle
movements:
A) frontal lobe B) occipital lobe C) parietal lobe D) diencephalon
35. The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as __________
while the shallow grooves are termed __________.
A) sulci; gyri B) tracts; ganglia C) ganglia; gyri D) gyri; sulci
36. An action potential is caused by an influx of these ions into the cell:
A) both potassium and sodium B) potassium C) sodium D) magnesium
37. The function of the olfactory nerve concerns:
A) smell B) chewing C) vision D) eye movement
38. The gap between two communicating neurons is termed:
A) node of Ranvier B) synaptic cleft C) effector D) cell body
39. Afferent nerves are called __________, and motor nerves are called __________.
A) peripheral nerves; cranial nerves C) cranial nerves; peripheral nerves
B) sensory nerves; efferent nerves D) motor nerves; sensory nerves
40. The substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called:
A) an ion B) an action potential C) the sodium-potassium pump D) a neurotransmitter

Write A if the statement refers to Sympathetic Nervous System and write B if it refers to Parasympathetic Nervous
System.
41. Pupil Dilates
42. Stimulates intestinal motility and secretion to promote digestion
43. Causes “fight or flight” response
44. Dilates blood vessels of skeletal muscles to increase blood flow
45. Inhibits intestinal motility
46. Constricts bronchial tubes to decrease air flow in lungs
47. Stimulates the bladder wall to contract and the internal sphincter to relax to cause urination
48. Stimulates sweat glands
49. Causes the “resting and digesting” state
50. Dilates bronchial tubes to increase air flow in the lungs