THE BIG HISTORY OF MODERN SCIENCE 14.
She pioneered radiation therapy but died because of too
Hannu Rajaniemi
1. Million Stars are about a bucket of sand.
2. Spiral nebulae were discovered.
3. Henriette is the term used for a woman doing calculations or
simply, a human computer.
4. After she died, it was Edwin Hubble who used her method
and discovered that there are other far-away galaxies just like
our Milky Way Galaxy.
5. Now it is not just a million of stars but it is seven times ten to
the power of 22.
6. Our universe is getting BIGGER and galaxies are moving F A R
A W A Y from each other in a tremendous speed.
7. Einstein discovered the Theory of Relativity that says that
space is really just distances between points and that those
distances change depending on what you have bet. those pts.
8. Our phones use GPS which is based on Einstein’s equations.
9. The universe has been expanding for 13. 8 billion years now,
which means it actually started out very small and from that
moment of expansion started the Big Bang Theory.
10. The tiny little ripples grew with the universe into seeds that
became stars and galaxies.
11. E equals MC squared; wherein E means energy, M is mass,
and C squared is speed of light.
MASS X SPEED OF LIGHT = ENERGY
12. The tremendous number of stars can be compared to the
number of atoms in just three droplets of water.
13. In 1898, Marie Curie discovered Radium which radiates so
much energy that it is used to treat bone cancer.
much exposure to Radium.
15. Ernest Rutherford fired some Radium to a thin, gold leaf and
observed that the atoms were behaving weirdly like there was
something smaller than the atom- nucleus was discovered.
16. He discovered that nucleus was made of protons and
neutrons orbited by a cloud of electrons.
17. From this, there started the Quantum Mechanics which
predicts that when you split an atom and nucleus, some matter
will be converted to energy and that what was going on with
Radium.
18. Leo Szilard, a man close with Einstein, has invented a new
type of fridge which emits gases that are poisonous.
19. During 1993 in London, he realized that there could be a
chain reaction wherein when atom splits, it would release
neutrons that could split more atoms and release more neutrons
which can already be used to make atomic power.
20. This has been used in Hiroshima and Nagasaki wherein
atomic power and weapons were made which caused terrible
things to happen.
21. Slizard himself was horrified, spending his life on
campaigning about nuclear weapons; Physics to Biology
22. To conclude, there will always be a DARK SIDE to our
understanding of the big in the small and vice-versa.
23. What triggered the big explosion was a small device called
transistors which was built by a team led by William Shockley in
Bells Labs during 1947. Also, it is the simplest building block of
computers. It can store 1 or 0 just like in atomic bombs.
24. Eugene Wigner said that there are some materials which
could be made to something that conduct electricity just like
silicon. Now, since silicon is made of sand, transistors are
practically made of sand.
25. All the two billion transistors in an iPhone 6 can be made
from just two grains of sand.
26. Outside world is complex but the inside of our body is also
complex. At first, we thought that only 2% of DNA was useful
and rest was junk but now we learned that 98% of our DNA is
actually the control system for the cells.
27. Embrace complexity but let things be simple as they are.