Академический Документы
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AutoCAD Civil 3D
Prepared by
Manoj Baral
CONTENTS
Preparing Data
Creating Alignment
Creating Assembly
Creating Corridor
After
recording data, save the file in Comma Delimited (CSV) format.
Exit from excel, at that time Excel asks you to save the data in another format rather than CSV. If you wish to
save the file in another excel format, choose format (say, XLSX) and save, otherwise don’t save.
Import Point to CIVIL 3D
After preparing data, your next step is to import the points in CIVIL 3D, follow the following series of steps to
import the Points to CIVIL 3D.
3. In the Description Key Set dialog box, Name field, enter SYMBOL SET (say).
5. Click OK.
The new description key set SYMBOL SET is created.
Now, to create description keys Use the followings steps
6. In Toolspace, on the Settings tab, expand the Description Key Sets collection. Right-click SYMBOL SET Keys.
Click Edit Keys. TheDescKey Editor Vista is displayed in the Panorama window.
In the DescKey Editor, you will enter the raw description codes, and specify how AutoCAD Civil 3D handles new
points that have these codes. All entries in the Code column of the DescKey Editor are case sensitive.
7. In DescKey Editor, in the Code column, click the default entry. Change it to BM* (say).
The asterisk is a wild-card character. The asterisk causes any imported point with a description code that begins
with POND, followed by any other characters, to be handled according to the settings in this table row.
8. In both the Style and Point Label Style columns, clear the check box to deactivate these settings.
Clearing these settings allows you to control these settings by using point group properties.
Note:
The Format column contains the entry $*, which specifies that a point’s raw description is copied without
changes and used for the full description in the point label. This is an acceptable setting for the POND points.
9. In the Layer Selection dialog box, select BM. Click OK.
This setting means that the POND points reference the BM layer for their display attributes.
11. In the new description key, click the default Code entry and change it to *IP *.
14. Click to save the description keys and close the editor.
15. In Toolspace, on the Prospector tab, right-click the Point Groups collection. Click New.
16. In the Point Group Properties dialog box, on the Information tab, in the Name field, enter Bench Mark.
Optionally, enter a short description in the Description field.
17. On the Raw Desc Matching tab, select BM* as you specify the code in step 7. Click Apply.
This option specifies that all points with the BM* raw description are added to the Bench Mark.
Notice how the description key setting is recorded on both the Include and Query Builder tabs. If you know
SQL, you can see how you could add more criteria to the Query Builder tab to select a more specific set of
points for the point group.
19. Create another point group by repeating Steps 1 through 4, but use the following parameters:
Name: Stations
Now Your Next Step is to Import the Points that you prepared already in CSV format.
20. In Toolspace, on the Prospector tab, right-click Points. Click Create.
21. In the Create Points dialog box, click . Expand the Default Layer parameter, and then change the value to V-
NODE.
24. Click . Browse to the tutorial folder. Select data in CSV format. Click Open.
26. In Toolspace, on the Prospector tab, right-click the _All Points point group. Click Zoom To.
The points will be displayed both in the drawing and in tabular form in the Toolspace list view. In the drawing
window if you move the cursor over a point, a tooltip displays basic data about the point. Notice that the two
Bench Mark and Station point groups appear to be empty. This is because they have not been updated with their
new content. In the next few steps, you will see how AutoCAD Civil 3D provides several ways to check the point
data before adding it to your drawing.
The Point Groups dialog box will be displayed. Point groups will be listed according to their display order, with the
highest priority group at the top. Arrows at the side of the dialog box allow you to change the display order. The
icon indicates that an update is pending for a point group.
After updating the point group, you can view either the points are listed in the group or not.
On Point list tab Point List is displayed.
28. To view only selected points right click on _All Points on Prospectior Tab and go to Properties
On the Information tab Change the Point Style and Point Label Style to None, and Apply, OK.
To change the Point size, text style expand Points Collection on Setting Tab in Toolspace Palette
Expand Point Style; Observe here you will find that the used point groups are marked by a symbol.
On Setting Tab in Toolspace Pallette Expand Points, Expand the Sub-content ‘Label Style’.
Choose the Component from Component Name Section for example, Point Description; Change the text height
color etc.
To change the height of next component for example Elevation, select the Component Elevation and change the
height color etc.
A TIN surface is composed of the triangles that form a triangulated irregular network. A TIN line is one
of the lines that make up the surface triangulation.
To create TIN lines, AutoCAD Civil 3D connects the surface points that are closest together. The TIN lines
form triangles. The elevation of any point in the surface is defined by interpolating the elevations of the
vertices of the triangles that the point lies in.
TIN Line
Contours are graphical illustrations of surface elevation changes. You can create a surface from contours
drawn as 2D or 3D polylines that have x, y, and z coordinate data.
Boundaries are closed polylines that affect the visibility of the triangles either inside or outside the
polylines. An outer boundary defines the extents of the surface. All triangles inside the boundary are
visible, and all triangles that are outside the boundary are invisible
Breaklines define linear surface features, such as retaining walls, curbs, tops of ridges, and streams.
Breaklines force surface triangulation to run along the breakline; triangles do not cross a breakline.
Breaklines are critical to creating an accurate surface model. Breaklines are important because it is the
interpolation of the data, not just the data itself, that determines the shape of the model.
You can use 3D lines or 3D polylines as breaklines. Each vertex on the polyline is converted to a TIN point
with the same XYZ coordinates. For 3D lines, each line that you select is defined as a two-point
breakline.
Creating a TIN Surface
On Prospector Tab in Toolspace Pallette, Right click on Surface, go to Create Surface.
On Create Surface Dialog Box Enter the Name of the Surface for example, EG
Now, expand the Surface, newly created surface is added on the Surface collection, for example EG.
Select any Sub-content for example Right Click on Point Group and go to Add.
Type ZE command on Command Line, you can see the surface in the drawing.
Next Step is to Add Outer Boundary
At First, Draw outside Boundary using AutoCAD Polyline (Pline Command), boundary should be closed.
Command: Pline
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: Click on Next point (or type U to return back
in previous point).
Click on series of Points on outside boundary of Surface, at the end type C to close the loop.
On Boundaries Tab Input Name, Choose Type as Outer, Check Non-Destructive Breakline and OK.
On Screen, Select Object: Select recently drawn Polyline , one outer type boundary is added on surface
definition.
First, select the surface, right click and select Surface Properties
On Surface Properties-EG dialog box , select Information tab and select Contour and Triangles on Surface
style section.
Breaklines are used to define surface features and to force triangulation along the breakline. Surfaces do
not triangulate across breaklines, creating more accurate TIN surface models
In Toolspace, on the Prospector tab, expand the Surfaces EG Definition collections. Right-
click Breaklines. Click Add.
In the Add Breaklines dialog box, for Description, enter Retaining Wall. Use the default values for the
other fields. Click OK
The Select Objects prompt becomes active, Select the polylines and Press Enter.
The surface triangulation is modified. The edge of retainig wall breaklines are applied, and the TIN
surface is adjusted along the breakline edges, modifying the surface triangulation.
select Contour Command Prompt is active, you should select the contour features . After completing
selection press Enter, your surface is modified as you recently add the data from the contour.
Surface Editing
Swap TIN Edges
Edge swapping is used to change the direction of two triangle faces in the surface, to create a more
accurate surface model. For example, edges can be swapped to match the triangle edges to ridges or
swales.
In Toolspace, on the Prospector tab, expand the surface Definition collection for example EG. Right-
click on Edits, go to Swap Edge.
The quadrilateral formed by the two triangles (which are separated by the edge) is convex.
Optionally, continue to click other TIN edges to swap them and press enter to return from command.
In Toolspace, on the Prospector tab, expand the surface Definition collection for example EG. Right-
click on Edits, go Delete TIN Lines.
On the command line, you are prompted to select an edge (line) to remove.
Click the TIN lines that are unnecessarily describing the Surfaces.
The edits are added as Delete Line operations to the Edits list view in Prospector.
Contour Lebel
You can create contour labels by specifying line segments that cross contour lines of a surface. Add
Single, Multiple, or Multiple at Interval contour labels. Modify the properties of contour label lines to
change the label style for major, minor, and user-defined contourlabels
Click Annotate tab Labels & Tables panel Add Labels menu, go to Surface-Add Surface Labels.
On Add Label Dialog Box, Choose Surface from Features Section, Contour-Multiple from Label type,
Existing Major Labels from Major contour label style section, choose None for Minor and User contour
label style.
Click on Add.
Command Prompt is active to specify first point [or Objects]: click a point
In Next Prompt You will be asked to specify next point: click a point that crosses the contour lines.
You will be asked continuously to specify next point, at that that time you can click multiple points
where you want to label the contour lines.
Click Annotate tab Labels & Tables panel Add Labels menu, go to Surface-Add Surface Labels.
. On Add Label Dialog Box, Choose Surface from Features Section, Contour-Multiple at Interval from
Label type, Existing Major Labels from Major contour label style section, choose None for Minor and
User contour label style
Click on Add
Command Prompt will be active to specify first point and second point.
After specifying first and second point, command prompt will ask to set interval along contour: give an
interval say 100m and press enter.
Contour elevation labels are displayed every major contour at an interval of 100m.
You can change the label style i.e. text height, color etc. can be changed as your requirement.
To do this you may browse the sub-content of Contour on Surface Collection in Setting Tab of Toolspace.
On Layout Tab in Label style composer-Existing Major Labels, Select Component as Surface, Change Text
height (say 5mm), Color(say magenta).
Click on Apply and OK, changes will be made on contour labels on the drawing.
Creating Alignment
Alignment is a continuation of series of lines and curves that represents the center-line of a road, a pipe
network, a river etc.
Basically alignments are of two types. Now we are discussing about how horizontal alignment is created in
the civil 3D.
You begin creating an alignment by marking the location of tangents and points of intersection for a road
centerline alignment. During the creation process, curves between the tangents can be created
automatically, or added later. Similarly, you can create an alignment by AutoCAD polyline with the
different values curve at vertex points.
Make a polyline on the roadway intersection points; apply a curve on the vertexes. You can use AutoCAD
fillet command to set the value of the curve.
After completion of application of curve on the vertex; Choose Alignment from vertex from Alignment
Drop down menu in Home tab.
Command prompt will be active to select entity; select the polyline that you recently drawn and press
enter. Again you will be asked for alignment direction (if you want to change the direction of alignment
type R for reverse.) and press Enter.
To add chainge label on the alignment, select Annotate Tab , on the Add labels drop down, go to
Alignment-Add/Edit Station Labels.
Command prompt will be active to Select the alignment; select your alignment, just click on the alignment.
To change the label properties Expand Alignment on Setting tab in Toolspace Pallette, expand label style
collection, on Station sub-content choose major Station, right click on Perpendicular with tick, go to Edit.
On Layout tab Choose Component name as Station , Change text height color etc. click apply and OK.
To change the labels of geometry point, Expand the Geometry point, right click Perpendicular with tick and
line, got to edit, on layout tab select component name as station, change the text height and color, click
on OK.
To change the radius of the curve at any intersection point, on Modify Tab choose Alignment, Click on
Geometry Editor on Modify Section OR simply click on alignment on plan, right click and go to Edit Aliment
Geometry.
To delete the sub-entity namely curve, click on Delete Sub-entity tools on Alignment Layout Tools.
To apply curve between two Tangents, click on Free Curve Fillet (Between two entities, radius)
You will be asked to specify the radius of the curve: Enter a desired value for example 30 and press Enter.
To change the PI of an alignment simply select an alignment and grip on PI and click on your desired point
where you want to move the PI.
Creating Profile of an Alignment
A profile is a representation of ground level of a surface of an alignment. To create profile you must have a
surface and an alignment.
First, sample a profile; Choose Create Surface Profile on Profile drop-down in Home Ttab.
Choose Alignment and Surface on Create Profile from Surface Dialog Box, click on Add>>.
You may change the grid spacing, text height etc. of a profile; simply click a profile view, right click and go
to Profile View Style.
Make change as per your requirement and OK. You may change the Vertical Exaggeration equal to 1 to
show actual ground profile on Graph tab.
Creating Design Profile
A designed profile (known as layout profile in Civil3D) is a representation of finished level of a road, a pipe
network or a canal.
To Create Layout Profile Choose Profile Creation Tools from Profile drop-down in Home tab.
After selection new Dialog Box is displayed for name and design criteria; choose your requirement and OK.
Again, new toolbar Profile Layout Tools is displayed, select curve setting.
On new dialog box, input your requirement for valley curve and sag curve OK.
After curve setting, select Draw tangent with curve from Profile layout Tools.
Click to input the series of points to create the layout Profile, press enter at last input of point.
To change the PVI, select the layout profile, grip on the PVI and click on the location where you want to
move it. To delete PVI, click on Delete PVI on Profile layout Tool
Command prompt will be active to select the point nearer the PVI.
PVI will be deleted from the layout profile on Profile View.
Creating Assembly
Assembly is a set of group of subassemblies that contains elements of corridor such as basic lane, curb,
footpath, ditch, guard rail, cut/fill slope etc.
AutoCAD Civil 3D contains basic built-in models of assemblies and subassemblies; you may apply them
to your corridor by changing the parameter for example lane width, pavement depth, cut-fill slope etc.
A baseline is a centerline of an assembly where subassemblies contain on either side of the baseline
marker.
To make a set of assembly from subassemblies choose Create Assembly from Assembly dropdown on
Home Tab.
Dialog Box is displayed, Input District Road for example, on Name, Choose assembly type equals to
Other OK.
Command prompt will be active to specify assembly baseline location; click on blank space on the screen
On Home tab click on Tool Palette on Palette section (or press Ctlr+3) to insert the Tool Palette on the
screen.
Right click on the lower left side of the Tool Palette, choose Assemblies-Metric
On Lane Tab on Tool Palette, choose Basic lane.
Command prompt will be active to select marker point within assembly; click on the baseline marker.
Basic Lane will be added in your marker. To change the properties of the lane select the lane and type
CH or MO to display Properties Palette.
Change the Width equals to 2.5m Depth equals to 0.2m, Slope equals to -2.5%.
If you want to change the sides of the lane choose side for example Right.
Command prompt will be active to specify marker point within assembly; click on top edge of the lane
subassemnly.
Then Add a BasicSidewalk on Basic Tab; click on top extreme corner of Basic Curb.
Take width equals to 1.2m, Depth equals to 0.3m, Buffer1 and Buffer2 width equal to 0.3m
Now add DaylightBasin from Daylaout Tab.
Make change on the parameter on properties palette as shown on the figure below.
To add the object on either side of the Baseline marker, select all the subassemblies on either side and
click mirror on Assembly tab.
Command prompt will be activated to select marker point within assembly for the mirrored
subassembly; click on baseline marker.
Creating Corridor
A corridor can be used to model a variety of features, such as highways, channels, and runways. A
corridor surface is composed by assemblies at an interval of an alignment of a roadway, a channel, or a
runway.
Before prepare a corridor model, make sure that you have an alignment, an existing ground surface and
sets of assemblies.
To create a corridor model, use the followings series of steps.
Choose Corridor on Create Design Section on Home Tab
To create cross sections of a corridor, Choose Sample lines from Profile & Sections Views Sections on
Home Tab.
Command prompt will be active to select alignment; either select the alignment on topo map or press
enter to select from dialog box.
Dialog box will be displayed for Sample Collection Name; Click OK to set default values.
Select Alignment, Sample line group name and click on Create Section Views..
Command prompt will be invoked to identify section view origin; click on blank space on left side.
Cross Sections will be inserted with assemblies on formation level.
If you wanted to change the elements assemblies, then make change on assemblies for example
change the width of the Basic Lane to 2m; Select Sub-Assembly Basic Lane, type Ch to display
properties palette, on this palette Change width equals to 2m.
Then, on Toolspace Expand Corridor Collection, Select the corridor with exclamation mark and right
click and choose Rebuild.
Above two figures show cross-sections before and after rebuild of corridor.
Dialog Box will be displayed, click on Create Corridor Surface on Surface tab.
Click on Boundaries tab and right click on name list of corridor surface, click on Corridor extents as outer
boundary OK.
Now select grid on Cross Section, Section View Menu will be activated.
On Modify Sections, Click on Sample more sources.
Select again grid on Cross Section to activate the Section view menu.
Click on Update Group Layout in Modify View Section.
On Analyze tab click on Compute Material Button
Now volume for earthwork is ready, you can extract the data anytime when you need.
On Analyze Tab Click on Total Volume Table from Volume and Material Section.
Create Total Volume Table dialog box will be displayed, choose Table style as Cut and Fill, Alignment
as The Twelve Avenue (say), Sample line group as SL Collection – 1, Material List as Material List – (1)
and OK.
Command prompt will be activated to select upper left corner; click on blank space on the screen.
To extract material volume those contained in the assemblies first make sure how many types of
material in the subassemblies.
Suppose you have Subbase in Basic lane, Concrete Block in Basic Curb, Gravel in Basic Sidewalk.
List all the material those are included in the subassemblies Apply and OK.
If you want to delete material list select the material on Material name and Click on cross(x) button.
To inset the material table, click on material volume table on Analyze tab from Volume and Material
sections.
Select Material for example Subbase and click on OK, other parameter will be selected by default.
Command prompt will be activated to select upper left corner; click on blank space on the screen.
Creating Plan and Profile Sheet Layout
Creating viewport for undulated alignment of roadway was time consuming in previous session of AutoCAD. Civil
3D lets you facilitates catch viewport for plan profile.
You have to make a template sheet for plan and profile; two separate viewport should be created for plan and
profile.
To creating template, create a new drawing; you can use existing template too.
Select _AutoCAD Civil 3D (Metric) NCS.dwt from Template folder, choose file of type equals to .dwt, Open.
Right click on Layout tab for example Layout1, rename it for example, to NS-A3.
Again right click on NS-A3 layout tab and click on Page setup Manager
Dialog box will be displayed for page setup for layout NS-A3; make sure that NS-A3 is highlighted, Click on
Modify
Select printer for example, AutoCAD PDF (High Quality Print).pc3.
After finishing setup click on OK, Close the previous dialog box.
Now, select top viewport, change viewport type equals to Plan on Properties Palette.
Then select bottom viewport and change the viewport type as Profile.
Save the Drawing as NS-A3.dwt on Plan Production folder, make sure that drawing extension is .dwt, Save.
On Create View Frames –Sheet dialog box choose Sheet Setting option as Plan and Profile.
Select template for Plan and Profile Sheet; Click on … button to browse the template that you recently made.
Click On Open, OK .
Select option Along Alignment on View Frame Placement section, Click on Next.
Leave the next dialog to set default values, click on Next, again click on Next and Click on Create View Frames.
View frames will be inserted in the drawing. You can realign the view frame, match line etc.
Now your next step is to create sheets. Individual sheets are created as an external reference.
Leave all as default except north arrow block as North on dropdown list the click Next.
Specify Sheet Storage location (click on … button) and file storage location (click on … button).
Select Data you want referenced in your sheets and Click on Create Sheets, click OK to accept dialog if, any.
Command prompt will be active to select profile view origin; click on blank space.
Lists pf sheets will be displayed in the Sheet Manager Palette on List Tab.
Note that Plan is wiped by hatch. If you want to remove the blacked hatch, close the drawing that contains
sheets. And on the main drawing, expand Match Line on Setting tab in Toolspace Palette. Expand Match Line
Style; right click on Basic, click on Edit.
On Match Line Style - Basic dialog box, click on Display tab. Select view direction as plan.
On Component Display Select Match Line Mask and click on BYLAYER on Color column
Set all values of color equal to 255 OK and again OK to return from Match Line Style dialog box.
Now repeat the sheet creation process; you may delete the previous sheets by browsing the .dwg and .dst files.
(Start from here Now your next step is to create sheets, please see above)
After creating sheets, open any sheets from Sheet Manager Palette on Sheet List tab. Your plan and profile sheet
may look like as below.