1.

______ Nitrogenous base that occurs in RNA but not DNA

a. deoxyribose
b. ribose
c. uracil
d. cytosine
e. thymine

2. ______ Sugar that occurs in DNA but not RNA

a. deoxyribose
b. ribose
c. uracil
d. cytosine
e. thymine

3. ______ A nitrogenous base that occurs in DNA in equal quantities with guanine

a. deoxyribose
b. ribose
c. uracil
d. cytosine
e. thymine

4. ______ ATP is produced during which of the following processes?

I: photosynthesis II: aerobic respiration III: fermentation

a. I,only
b. II, only
c. I & III, only
d. II & III, only
e. I, II & III

5. ______ In a breeding experiment using gray and white mice of unknown genotypes, the following results were
obtained.

If the gray female from cross IV were mated with the gray male from cross II, then which of the following would
most likely be true?

a. all of the offspring would be gray

b. all of the offspring would be white
c. half of the offspring would be gray
d. one-quarter of the offspring would be gray
e. one-quarter of the offspring would be white
6. ______ Using the same breeding experiment from question 5: If two gray progeny of cross IV mate with each
other, what is the probability that any one individual offspring will be gray?

a. 100%
b. 75%
c. 50%
d. 25%
e. 0%

7. ______ Three students added equal volumes of pond water to each of four beakers (I—IV) and placed each in a
O O O O
different constant temperature bath, maintained at 5 C, 15 C, 25 C, and 35 C, respectively. The students
added 6 water fleas, Daphnia pulex, to each of the four beakers and recorded the time in each case. After 1 hour,
the students removed 3 Daphnia pulex from each beaker and each student immediately observed one Daphnia
pulex under low-power magnification of a light microscope (the transparent body of the Daphnia pulex can be
seen easily under a light microscope). Heart rates were recorded as beats per minute. The results of the
experiment are summarized in the chart below.

The independent variable in this experiment is the

a. amount of light
b. number of water fleas
c. pH of the water
d. temperature of the water
e. average heart rate

8. ______ A student examined two groups of cells and made the following observations:

These observations support which of the following conclusions?

a. Cell I is more complex in its organization than cell II

b. Cell I is a prokaryote
c. The ancestors of cell II appeared earlier in the fossil record than the ancestors of cell I
d. Cell II does not have a cell membrane
e. Both groups of cells are from plants.
9. ______ The graph below illustrates the data obtained from reactions at various temperatures of an enzyme with
its specific substrate at pH 6.

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Based on the data, what results can be predicted if the experiment is carried out at 5 C?

a. no prediction would be valid

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b. an amount of product equal to that at 20 would be formed.
c. an amount of product equal to that at the optimum temperature would be formed.
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d. an amount of product equal to that at 60 C would be formed.
e. little or no product would be formed.

10. ______ Based on the data, what results could be predicted if the experiment were repeated at pH 4?

a. the available data are insufficient to make a reliable prediction.

b. an amount of product equal to that at pH 6 would be formed.
c. an amount of product less than that at pH 6 would be formed.
d. an amount of product more than that at pH 6 would be formed.
e. little or no product would be formed.

11. ______ Thymine is used by animal cells primarily for the synthesis of DNA. A group of sea urchin eggs was
fertilized in sea water containing radioactive thymine. Following fertilization, samples of embryos were removed at
regular intervals and the radioactivity in the nucleic acid was measured in counts per minute. The results obtained
are shown in the figure below.
The increase in radioactivity of the embryos
with time probably results from

a. synthesis of new proteins by the

developing embryos
b. synthesis of radioactive thymine by the
developing embryos
c. oxidation of radioactive thymine
d. incorporation of radioactive thymine in
new cell membranes
e. incorporation of radioactive thymine in
new DNA during replication
12. ______ Using the same question info from question 11, an appropriate control to show that this experiment
measures DNA synthesis and not RNA synthesis would be to perform the same procedures but

a. not fertilize the eggs

b. sample the embryos at longer time intervals
c. add radioactive uracil instead of radioactive thymine
d. fertilize the eggs in seawater that does not contain radioactive thymine
e. count the number of cells in the embryos at the beginning and at the end

13. ______ Which of the following statements about mitochondria is not correct?

a. They serve as sites for cellular respiration.

b. They are enclosed by a double membrane.
c. They are the sites where most of the cell’s ATP is produced.
d. They are found in animal cells only; plant cells have chloroplasts instead.
e. They are found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells.

14. ______ Which of the following statements about cell structure is NOT correct?

a. Plant cells have cell walls, whereas animal cells do not.

b. Ribosomes are the main sites of energy production for the cell.
c. Plant cells have chloroplasts, whereas animal cells do not.
d. Lysosomes function in the digestion of cellular waste products.
e. Many cellular organelles are interrelated through an endomembrane system.

15. ______ What would happen to a human red blood cell if it were placed in distilled water?

a. it would shrivel
b. it would plasmolyze
c. it would lyse
d. it would dehydrate
e. it would not be affected

16. ______ Which of the following statements is correct?

a. the product of transcription is DNA

b. the product of transcription is mRNA
c. the product of transcription is a polypeptide
d. the product of translation is mRNA
e. the product of translation is DNA

17. ______ Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?

a. the result of meiosis is a zygote

b. only somatic cells undergo meiosis
c. meiosis restores the original diploid condition of a population
d. meiosis typically results in genetic variation among the gametes produced
e. the products are meiosis are always four cells identical to the parent cell

18. ______ An animal organism with a diploid number of chromosomes equal to30 would normally

a. not be able to undergo meiosis because gametes would end up with an odd number of chromosomes
b. produce two gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis
c. produce four gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis
d. produce two gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis
e. produce four gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis
19. ______ A cooperative unit of many cells with similar form and function is known as a(n)

a. tissue
b. tissue system
c. organ
d. organ system
e. cell system

20. ______ If a molecule of DNA is composed approximately of 16.2% adenine, the percentages of thymine and
cytosine must be approximately

a. 33.8% T and 33.8% C

b. 16.2% T and 16.2% C
c. 16.2% T and 33.8% C
d. 33.8% T and 16.2% C
e. not enough information

21. ______ The primary building blocks of a DNA molecule are

a. nitrogenous bases, phosphates, and ribose sugar

b. nitrogenous bases, phosphates, and deoxyribose sugar
c. phosphorous bases, nitrogen, and ribose sugar
d. phosphorous bases, nitrogen, and deoxyribose sugar
e. carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and deoxyribose sugar

22. ______ Which of the following procedures would NOT likely lead to the production of recombinant DNA?

a. transformation of bacterial cells with plasmid DNA from another strain of bacteria
b. transformation of bacterial cells with naked DNA from human cells
c. transduction of bacteria using phage particles (bacterial viruses)
d. projectile bombardment of a cell with DNA-coated particles from a “gene gun”
e. the removal of a single somatic cell from a carrot and regenerating an entire plant from the cell through
tissue culture

23. ______ Which of the following statements is NOT a feature of restriction fragment length polymorphisms?

a. they can be used to detect single gene mutations in human DNA

b. they can be used prenatally to analyze fetal cells for genetic disorders
c. they can be used to amplify large quantities of a single gene through use of the polymerase chain
reaction
d. they can be used to detect variation in the DNA sequences among individuals
e. they can be separated by electrophoresis according to fragment size

24.