What is a “Solid”?

A material that keeps its shape.

can be deformed by stresses
returns to the original shape if it is not strained too much
-- differs from “Fluid”

Structure difference ?
The atomic scale nature of materials has
known for less than 100 years.

The mechanical properties, especially strength against large strains,

have been part of human advances for thousands of years.
 What is “Solid State Physics”?
The body of knowledge is about
the fundamental phenomena and classifications of solids.
solids
?
A characteristic behavior exhibited by classes of solids.
Such as ductile vs. brittle materials
metals vs. insulators
superconductors
ferromagnetic materials

The basic understanding of such “fundamental phenomena”

has only occurred in the last 80 years.
Due to “Quantum Mechanics”
Solid state division of APS
Quantum mechanics

1900 1950 2000

Maxwell (EM)
transistor HTCS
superconductivity
 100 Years of
the Quantum
M. Tegmark and J.A. Wheeler
Scientific American, Feb., 68 (2001) Bardeen全世界
的第一顆電晶體

Schrödinger Shockly
方程式 P, N type
Silicon
Bohr 的 de Broglie 的
Planck 解釋 氫原子模型 物質波假設 Heisenberg
黑體輻射 不確定原理

1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s

Einstein 解釋 Pauli 的
Onnes發現
光電效應 不相容原理
超導體
 The purpose of this course is to present a survey of
the phenomena exhibited by solid state systems and
an introduction to the fundamental physical principles,
mathematical concepts, and experimental techniques
important in the study of solid state materials.

Textbook : Introduction to Solid State Physics

by Charles Kittel 8th edition 2004
Phenomena Principles
Mechanical Newton’s laws
structure
strength Maxwell’s EM equations

Thermal Thermodynamics and

heat capacity Statistical mechanics
heat conduction Quantum mechanics
phase transition Schrödinger equation
Electrical Pauli exclusion principle
insulators • Order and symmetry
metals
semiconductors
superconductors
Optical
reflection, refraction
colors
Magnetic
ferromagnetism
Schedule
Midterm Exam.
Chapter One, Crystal structure
Chapter Two, Reciprocal lattice
Chapter Three, Crystal binding and Elastic constants
Chapter Four, Phonon I. Crystal vibrations
Chapter Five, Phonon II, Thermal properties

Chapter Six, Free electron Fermi gas

Chapter Seven, Energy bands
Chapter Eight, Semiconductor crystals Final Exam.
Chapter Nine, Fermi surfaces and Metals
 The Cast of Characters
z Lectures/Discussion: 許世英
z 工六館472室
z x56164
z syhsu@cc.nctu.edu.tw

z HW/Discussion: 劉凱銘，鍾廷翊
z 科一館012室 or 工六館657室
z x56166
z Office hour ?
Grades

1. Quizzes 30%
2. Midterm exam. 30%
3. Final exam. 40%
Homework : extra credits 10%

Basic Course Philosophy

z read about it (text)
z untangle it (lectures)
z challenge yourself (homework)
z close the loop (discussion)
 References
Comparable level
J.S. Blakemore, “Solid State Physics”, Cambridge University Press, 1987
H.P. Myers, “Solid State Physics”, Taylor & Francis, London, 1997
H.M. Omar, “Elementary Solid State Physics”, Adison Wesley, 1993
H.M. Rosenberg, “The Solid State”, Oxford University Press, 1997

Advanced level
N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin, “Solid State Physics”, Harcourt, 1976
P.M. Chaikin and T.C. Lubensky, “Principle of Condensed Matter Physics”,
Cambridge University Press, 1995
W.A. Harrison, “Solid State Theory”, Dover, 1980
H. Ibach and H. Lüith, “Solid State Physics”, Springer-Verlag, 1990
A. Isihara, “Condensed Matter Physics”, Oxford University Press, 1991
M.P. Marder, “Condensed Matter Physics”, Wiley and Sons, 2000