SCRIPT

Slide 1
In the Parang Wedang, Parangtritis, Bantul, Yogyakarta was found geothermal
manifestations in the form of hot springs and travertine. These manifestations indicate the
existence of a geothermal system in the Parang Wedang area. This field is classified as a non-
volcanic geothermal system, because it is not associated with any active volcano.
To discover the potential of geothermal system, we used the geophysical method such
as gravity and magnetic method. This study aims to identify heat source zones and fault zones
based on the result of the integration beetwen gravity and magnetic data, also to analyze hot
spring based on geochemistry references. Identification of fault zones in a geothermal system
is very important, especially for reconstructing the geothermal system model. For analyzing
the deep structure of Parangwedang we used the gradient horizontal filter.

Slide 2
The stratigraphy of Parangtritis and its surrounding areas is composed by Tertiary rocks
such as volcanic clastic sedimentary rocks, volcanic rocks, clastic carbonate sediments, and
Quaternary sediments (Idral et al., 2003). In this area consist of several formation such as :
semilir formation that composed of tufa ash to lapili sized, nglanggeran formation composed
of parangkusumo lava unit, andesitic breccia unit, and andesite unit. While, wonosari
formation composed of limetone-sand and reef limestone , and also quarternary sediments
forms sand dunes. The structures in the Parangtritis area are Normal Faults (such as : Bantul,
Bambang Lipuro and Mudal), Strike-Slip Faults (such as : Parangkusumo, Soka Nambangngan
and Siluk) and fracturing.

Slide 3
The Total Horizontal Derivatives (THD) or Horizontal Gradient Magnitude (HGM) is
commonly used to enhance the anomalous source's boundaries (Grandis, 2017). The horizontal
gradient method is used to locate the boundaries of density contrast from gravity data. Lateral
density contrast will give rise to a horizontal gradient of gravity anomalies (Blakely, 1996).
where (∂g/∂x) and (∂g/∂y) are the horizontal derivatives of gravity field in the x and y
directions.
Slide 4
This is our design survey of the research area by using the integration beetwen gravity
and magnetic method. The research area covers 1.7 times 1.5 km and also which consist of 188
gravity and 158 magnetic measurement point. The pink dot means gravity method
measurement point, while the blue dot means magnetic method measurement point. In
determining the location of the research area is based on the discovery of the geothermal
manifestations, such as hot springs and travertine.

Slide 5
This is the map of Complete Bouguer Anomaly (CBA) that has been carried out upward
continuation 50. The process of upward continuation on CBA maps is used to clarify the
distribution of lithology on subsurface by removing high-frequency noise. High gravity
anomalies (141 to 138 mGal) which dominate the northern of the research area is interpreted
as volcanic rocks of the Nglanggeran Formation. This is also supported by the discovery of
andesite rock outcrops at several points in research area (Figure 4). A low gravity anomaly
(137 to 136 mGal) was found in the south of the research area. This low anomaly is interpreted
as Quaternary sediments.

Slide 6
However, if we observe to Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) Upward Continuation 70
map (Figure 5), the southern part of research area has a high magnetic intensity anomaly. Based
on geological information, high magnetic anomaly correlates with sand dune which contains a
lot of iron sand (Figure 6). This sand dune comes from the eruption of Mount Merapi.

Slide 7
After integrating magnetic and gravity method results, a heat source is analyzed as in
Zone A. Zone A has a high gravitational acceleration value range (141 to 138 mGal) and a low
magnetic intensity value (-372 to -436 nT). The magnetic intensity value from the heat source
zone will be lower than the surrounding area even in the same lithology. The high temperature
in the heat source will randomize the direction of magnetic moment so that the magnetic
intensity value is decreasing (demagnetization).
Zone B is interpreted as a reservoir of volcanic rocks (andesite breccia) that have been
altered. In the zone B, there are many structures that are estimated as high permeability and
low density. This Reservoir is indicated by low gravity anomalies compared to the western area
which has no structure. Alteration of volcanic rocks can be analyzed by the low magnetic
intensity value. Estimation of altered andesite rocks are supported by the discovery of chlorite
and sericite minerals on the surface by Idral et al (2003) as an indication of hydrothermal
process.

Slide 8
Fault structures characterized by the contrast of rock densities will generally have a
maximum horizontal gradient. Figure 7 is the result of an overlay between satellite imagery
maps with total horizontal derivative (THD) map. There are some maximum magnitudes
associated with the location of the travertine and hot springs. These maximum magnitude are
in the same area as zone B which is interpreted as the reservoir zone. Line A, B, C is interpreted
as a fault from horizontal gradient magnitude or THD. Line A which has a maximum
magnitude value of 0.010 to 0.019 mGal/m is interpreted as a SW-NE fault. The maximum
magnitude of line A is associated with the location of the hot spring. This fault is indicated as
a water discharge path from the reservoir, that’s why it forms hot springs on surface. Line B
and C which have a maximum magnitude value that could be interpreted as a NW-SE fault.
The maximum magnitude of line B is associated with the location of the travertine. This fault
is indicated as a water discharge path from reservoir that evidenced by the appearance of
travertine. This Travertine looks inactive because there is no hot water around the location
(Figure 8).

Slide 9
Parang Wedang hot spring has a temperature of 43 oC. Based on the analysis of the Cl-
SO4-HCO3 diagram (Figure 10), the Parang Wedang hot spring is located in the chloride
position. Based on temperature calculations using a geothermometer Na-K, the Parang Wedang
geothermal reservoir has a temperature between 63°C and 133°C (Juliarka, 2016). And Based
on the geothermal classification (Hochstein, 1990), the geothermal of Parang Wedang is
included in the low to moderate geothermal system.

Slide 10
After we combined with all of the existing data such as : geological, geophysical and
geochemisal. A model of Parang Wedang geothermal system can be reconstructed. First,
meteoric waters flow into underground. Simultaneously, magmatic water flow upward from
the subsurface and mix with meteoric water in the reservoir (Juliarka, 2016). Water from the
reservoir (Zone B) flow upward to surface through the SW-NE fault (line A) then forms the
Parang Wedang hot spring and through the NW-SE fault (line B) then forms travertine.

Slide 11
The conclution of our research area are :
• The location of the heat source is in the center part of research area which is has a high
gravitational acceleration value (141 to 138 mGal) and a low magnetic intensity value
(-372 to -436 nT).
• Based on Total Horizontal Derivative, it could be interpreted that in the east of research
area there were faults that have maximum magnitude value of 0.010 to 0.019 mGal/m
which were associated with the location of the travertine and hot springs.
• Parang Wedang geothermal reservoir has a temperature between 63°C and 133°C,
which is included in low to moderate geothermal system.

Closing
That’s all for me, thankyou for your attention. If there are any questions please don’t
hesitate to let me know.